Pueraria qinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles as well as extraction method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a Gegen Qinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticle as well as an extraction method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of biological medicines. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a radix puerariae qinlian decoction stock solution; placing at 4-8 DEG C for 12-15 hours to obtain a gelatinous substance; carrying out low-speed centrifugation at 4-8 DEG C, and taking supernate, so as to obtain crude extract of the vesicle-like nanoparticles of the radix puerariae, radix scutellariae and rhizoma coptidis decoction; carrying out ultracentrifugation at 4-8 DEG C, discarding the supernatant, and carrying out PBS resuspension precipitation to obtain a crude product of the vesicle-like nano-particles of the Gegen Qinlian decoction; and centrifuging 16000g at the temperature of 4-8 DEG C for 10-15 minutes, taking supernate, and filtering by using a 0.22 mu m filter membrane, so as to obtain the vesicle-like nanoparticles of the Gegen Qinlian decoction. According to the Gegen Qinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles as well as the extraction method and the application thereof, the bioavailability and the targeting property of effective components in the Gegen Qinlian decoction are remarkably improved through a nanocrystallization technology, the concentration of the medicine at the ulcerative colitis part is enhanced, and the treatment effect is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of biomedicine, and in particular relates to a Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticle, an extraction method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Gegenqinlian decoction is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription with a long history. It originated from the Treatise on Febrile Diseases by Zhang Zhongjing, a famous doctor in the Eastern Han Dynasty. As a dual-resolving agent for both exterior and interior, it mainly has the effects of relieving exterior symptoms and clearing the interior. This prescription is composed of four medicinal materials: kudzu root, scutellaria, coptis, and licorice. It has been proven to have multiple pharmacological effects such as antibacterial, hypoglycemic, lipid metabolism regulation, and antiarrhythmic effects. It is widely used to treat acute enteritis, bacterial dysentery, typhoid fever, and gastrointestinal colds. In many Asian countries, especially China, Japan, and South Korea, Gegenqinlian decoction is widely used to treat acute diarrhea, and studies have shown that it has significant efficacy in ulcerative colitis (UC). Ulcerative colitis, a long-term inflammatory disease that mainly affects the colon, is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It is characterized by the formation of ulcers in the inner layer of the colon, causing symptoms such as abdominal pain and diarrhea, and is often accompanied by bloody stools.

[0003] Traditional UC treatment strategies include aminosalicylic acid preparations, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, biologics, small molecule drugs, and surgical treatment, but these methods have problems such as large side effects and easy recurrence. In recent years, emerging treatment strategies such as plant vesicle-like nanoparticles have shown great potential in the treatment of UC. These nanoparticles are natural products extracted from plants, with high biocompatibility, stability, targeting, and bioavailability, and few side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine compound decoctions, with their multi-component synergistic effects, high safety, and personalized treatment characteristics, mainly play an anti-inflammatory role in the treatment of UC, promote intestinal mucosal repair and regeneration, and increase the effective concentration of drugs at the site of inflammation, thereby enhancing the therapeutic effect. With the deepening of nanotechnology and traditional Chinese medicine research, traditional Chinese medicine compound decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles are expected to become a new method for the treatment of UC. At present, there is no report on the direct use of traditional Chinese medicine compound vesicle-like nanoparticles for the treatment of UC. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticle and an extraction method and application thereof. The Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticle has a good therapeutic effect on ulcerative colitis.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for extracting Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1. Preparing the Gegen Qinlian Decoction stock solution: grinding Gegen for 40-60 seconds, mixing Scutellaria, Coptis and Licorice and grinding for 40-60 seconds, respectively soaking the obtained Gegen powder and the mixed powder of Scutellaria, Coptis and Licorice in ultrapure water with a ratio of 1:6-8w / v for 20-30 minutes, first decocting the solid-liquid mixture of Gegen powder for 20 minutes, then adding the solid-liquid mixture of Scutellaria, Coptis and Licorice and continuing to decoct for 50-60 minutes, cooling to room temperature, filtering with gauze and squeezing to obtain the Gegen Qinlian Decoction stock solution;

[0008] S2, placing the Gegenqinlian decoction stock solution obtained in S1 at 4-8°C for 12-15h to obtain a gelatinous substance;

[0009] S3, centrifuging the colloidal substance obtained in S2 at a low speed at 4-8°C, taking the supernatant to obtain a crude extract of Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles;

[0010] S4, ultracentrifuging the crude extract of Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles obtained in S3 at 4-8°C, discarding the supernatant, and resuspending the precipitate with PBS to obtain a crude extract of Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles;

[0011] S5. Centrifuge the crude extract of Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles obtained in S4 at 16000 g for 10-15 min at 4-8°C, take the supernatant, and filter with a 0.22 μm filter membrane to obtain Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles.

[0012] Preferably, in S1, the mass ratio of Pueraria lobata, Scutellaria baicalensis, Coptis chinensis and Licorice is 5:3:3:2.

[0013] Preferably, in S3, the low-speed centrifugation is specifically: centrifuging the colloidal substance at 1500-2000g for 15-20min, taking the supernatant, then centrifuging at 10000-12000g for 30-40min, taking the supernatant, and then centrifuging at 16000-17000g for 20min to take the supernatant.

[0014] Preferably, in S4, the ultracentrifugation is specifically: the crude extract of the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles is centrifuged at 150,000 g for 90-120 min, and the supernatant is discarded.

[0015] The present invention also provides Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles prepared by the extraction method.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles obtained by the extraction method or use of the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles in preparing a drug for treating ulcerative colitis.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles obtained by the extraction method or using the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles in preparing a drug for treating ulcerative colitis induced by DSS (dextran sulfate sodium).

[0018] A pharmaceutical composition comprises Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles prepared by any one of the extraction methods described above or the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles described above.

[0019] Preferably, the pharmaceutical composition comprises the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles as an active ingredient and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

[0020] A pharmaceutical preparation comprises a therapeutically effective amount of the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles prepared by any one of the extraction methods or the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

[0021] The pharmaceutical preparation is an oral preparation, including tablets, capsules, solutions or suspensions.

[0022] The carrier used in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is a common carrier available in the pharmaceutical field, including: binders, lubricants, disintegrants, solubilizers, diluents, stabilizers, suspending agents, pigments, flavoring agents, etc. for oral preparations.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0024] The present invention discloses a vesicle-like nanoparticle of Gegenqinlian decoction and an extraction method and application thereof. The bioavailability and targeting of the effective ingredients in Gegenqinlian decoction are significantly improved through nanotechnology, the concentration of the drug in the colon inflammation site is enhanced, and the therapeutic effect is effectively improved. The targeting effect of the nanoparticles reduces the impact on normal tissues, reduces side effects, and improves the safety of treatment. The structure of the vesicle-like nanoparticles effectively protects the drug ingredients, enhances the stability of the drug, prolongs the storage time, and is easy to prepare into oral preparations, thereby improving patient compliance.

[0025] The multiple components of Gegenqinlian Decoction play a synergistic role in nanoparticles, enhance the anti-inflammatory effect, and promote the repair and regeneration of intestinal mucosa. Combining traditional Chinese medicine with modern nanotechnology, the present invention improves the therapeutic effect, enhances safety and convenience, and provides a new treatment option for patients with ulcerative colitis, which is innovative and has broad application prospects. At the same time, the present invention reduces the overall treatment cost and reduces drug pollution to the environment, and is cost-effective and environmentally friendly. The preparation method provided by the present invention is simple, has a high yield, and is low in cost, is suitable for large-scale production, has significant commercial potential and social value, and provides new ideas and methods for the modernization and internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine.

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is the transmission electron microscopic morphology of the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles extracted in Example 1, with a scale of 100 nm;

[0028] Figure 2 The detection result of the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticle tracking analyzer extracted in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 3 This is the Zeta potential diagram of the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles extracted in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 4 The stability results of the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles extracted in Example 1 in simulated gastrointestinal fluid, wherein: Figure 4 A in the table is the stability result of the control test. Figure 4 B in the table is the stability result of simulated gastric fluid. Figure 4 C in the table is the stability result of simulated intestinal fluid;

[0031] Figure 5 The results of identification of lipid components of Gegenqinliantang vesicle-like nanoparticles extracted in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 6 The weight change of mice with ulcerative colitis after intervention with Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles extracted in Example 1;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a photo of the change in colon length of mice with ulcerative colitis after intervention with Gegenqinlian Decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles extracted in Example 1;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a statistical graph showing the changes in colon length in mice with ulcerative colitis after intervention with Gegenqinlian Decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles extracted in Example 1;

[0035] Fig. 9 The HE staining results of the colon of mice with ulcerative colitis after intervention with the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles extracted in Example 1;

[0036] Fig.10 The intestinal microbial diversity and abundance of ulcerative colitis mice after intervention with Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles extracted in Example 1, wherein: Fig.10 A in is the result of Chao1 index. Fig.10 B in is the Shannon index result. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the common meanings understood by one having ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs.

[0039] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, other test materials and instruments and equipment are conventional test materials in the art and can be purchased through commercial channels.

[0040] Example 1 This example provides a method for extracting Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1. Preparation of Gegenqinlian decoction stock solution: All raw materials are dry medicinal materials, and 50g of Pueraria root, 30g of Scutellaria baicalensis, 30g of Coptis chinensis, and 20g of Licorice are weighed respectively, wherein Pueraria root is crushed for 60s, and Scutellaria baicalensis, Coptis chinensis, and Licorice are mixed and crushed for 60s. The obtained Pueraria root powder and the mixed powder of Scutellaria baicalensis, Coptis chinensis, and Licorice are respectively soaked in 1:6w / v ultrapure water for 20min, and the solid-liquid mixture of Pueraria root powder is first decocted for 20min, and then the solid-liquid mixture of Scutellaria baicalensis, Coptis chinensis, and Licorice is added and continued to be decocted for 50min. After cooling to room temperature, it is filtered with gauze and squeezed to obtain Gegenqinlian decoction stock solution;

[0042] S2, placing the Gegenqinlian decoction stock solution obtained in S1 at 4°C for 12 hours to obtain a gelatinous substance;

[0043] S3, centrifuging the colloidal substance obtained in S2 at 2000g for 20 min at 4°C, taking the supernatant, centrifuging it again at 10000g for 30 min, taking the supernatant, and centrifuging it again at 16000g for 20 min, taking the supernatant, and obtaining 610 mL of crude extract of Gegenqinliantang vesicle-like nanoparticles;

[0044] S4, centrifuging the crude extract of Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles obtained in S3 at 150000 g for 90 min at 4°C, discarding the supernatant, and resuspending the precipitate in 2 ml of sterile PBS to obtain a crude extract of Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles;

[0045] S5. The crude vesicle-like nanoparticles of Gegenqinlian decoction obtained in S4 were centrifuged at 16000 g for 10 min at 4°C, and the supernatant was collected and filtered through a 0.22 μm filter membrane to obtain vesicle-like nanoparticles of Gegenqinlian decoction. The yield of vesicle-like nanoparticles per 1 mg / mL was 1.1×10 12 Particles / mL.

[0046] The Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles provided in Example 1 were stored in a -80°C refrigerator.

[0047] The effect of the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles provided in Example 1 was verified by the following experiments.

[0048] 1. Characterization of Gegenqinlian Decoction Vesicle-like Nanoparticles

[0049] 1. Morphology of Gegenqinlian Decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles under transmission electron microscopy (TEM)

[0050] Take about 20μl of sample and drop it on the sample plate. Place the copper mesh on the surface of the droplet. After 3 minutes, remove it and let it dry at room temperature. Place it on 2% phosphotungstic acid dye solution for 1-2 minutes, remove the copper mesh, and use filter paper to absorb the excess dye. Observe the copper mesh sample under a transmission electron microscope (with a scale of 100nm). The results are as follows: Figure 1 .

[0051] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that the prepared vesicle-like nanoparticles have a lipid bilayer structure with a complete morphological structure, and are mostly round or irregular in shape.

[0052] 2. Characterization of the particle size and concentration of Gegenqinliantang vesicle-like nanoparticles by nanoparticle tracking analyzer (NTA)

[0053] The 1 mg / ml vesicle-like nanoparticle sample was detected and analyzed in the nanoparticle tracking instrument. The results are shown in Figure 2 .

[0054] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that 73.6% of the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles have a particle size of about 129.9 nm, and the concentration of nanoparticles is 1.1×10 12 Particles / mL.

[0055] 3. Zeta potential of Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles

[0056] 30 μL of 1 mg / L Gegenqinlian Decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles were added to 2 mL of ddH2O and the Zeta potential was detected by nanoparticle size and Zeta potential analysis instrument. The results are as follows: Figure 3 .

[0057] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the zeta potential of the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles is -8.16 mv. Another characteristic of vesicle-like nanoparticles is that they carry a negative charge, and this result further proves that the substance mentioned is a vesicle-like nanoparticle.

[0058] 4. Stability of Gegenqinliantang vesicle-like nanoparticles in simulated gastrointestinal fluid Gegenqinliantang vesicle-like nanoparticles were incubated with simulated gastric fluid (80 mM HCl, 35 mM NaCl, 0.3% pepsin) at pH 1.2 and simulated small intestinal fluid (15 mM NaOH, 50 mM KH2PO4, 1% pancreatin) at 37°C and 200 rpm for 2 h, and the results were observed by TEM. Figure 4 shown.

[0059] Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that the lipid bilayer structure of the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles is still intact in the simulated gastrointestinal fluid. This result also shows that the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles are resistant to digestion by gastrointestinal fluid and can be used as oral drugs to treat diseases.

[0060] 5. Analysis of lipid composition of Gegenqinliantang vesicle-like nanoparticles by high-throughput LC-MS analysis

[0061] The lipid composition of Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles was identified by high-throughput analysis technology based on LC-MS (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry). The lipid composition identification results are as follows: Figure 5 .

[0062] Depend on Figure 5 It can be seen that the lipids of Gegenqinlian Decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles are mainly phosphatidylcholine (PC), glycerophosphatidylglycerol (CL), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), glycerophosphoinositide (PI), (SQDG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), glycerophosphoglyceride (PA), etc. Lipids are involved in regulating a variety of life activities, including energy conversion, material transportation, information recognition and transmission, cell development and differentiation, and cell apoptosis. In addition, abnormal lipid metabolism is closely related to the occurrence and development of human diseases. For example, PC and PE are reduced in the intestines of patients with colitis.

[0063] 2. In vivo efficacy study of Gegenqinliantang vesicle-like nanoparticles in UC mice

[0064] 1. Mouse Grouping and Drug Administration

[0065] Twenty-five C57BL / 6 mice weighing 22-24g were randomly divided into five groups: blank group, DSS group, DSS+Gegenqinlian Decoction group, DSS+Gegenqinlian Decoction without vesicles group, and DSS+Gegenqinlian Decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles group. The blank group was allowed to drink purified water freely, while the other four groups of mice were allowed to drink freely after 2.5% (w / w) DSS was added to their drinking water. The concentration of Gegenqinlian Decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles was 1mg / mL. During the modeling period, each mouse was gavaged with 300μg per day; the DSS group was gavaged with an equal amount of phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The results are shown in Figure 6 .

[0066] Depend on Figure 6 It can be seen that the vesicle-like nanoparticles of Gegenqinlian Decoction slowed down the trend of weight loss in ulcerative colitis mice.

[0067] 2. Determination of mouse colon length

[0068] After the entire experimental cycle, the mice were killed by cervical dislocation, and the complete colon tissue was removed by dissection. The colon length was measured with a ruler, and the colon length and morphology were recorded by taking photos. Figure 7-Figure 8 .

[0069] Depend on Figure 7-Figure 8 It can be seen that the vesicle-like nanoparticles in Gegenqinlian decoction significantly improved the colon edema and colon shortening induced by 2.5% DSS (P=0.0235). When the vesicle-like nanoparticles in Gegenqinlian decoction were removed, the Gegenqinlian decoction also lost its significant therapeutic effect (P=0.9628), which also indicates that the main active substance of Gegenqinlian decoction in treating ulcerative colitis may come from the vesicle-like nanoparticles in the decoction.

[0070] 3. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining

[0071] The colon tissue obtained by dissection was taken from the lower part of the colon, about 1 cm of tissue was taken, the intestinal contents were rinsed, and the rinsed tissue was placed in 4% paraformaldehyde for fixation and preservation. The fixed colon was subjected to a series of treatments and HE staining, and then observed under an upright microscope (with a scale of 100 μm in the field of view) whether the Gegenqinlian Decoction vesicle-like nanoparticle treatment could repair the damaged intestine caused by DSS. The results are as follows Fig. 9 .

[0072] Depend on Fig. 9 It can be seen that the colon glands in the DSS group were significantly damaged, the colon crypts disappeared, and the inflammatory infiltration was significant. After drug treatment, it was found that the colon tissue damage in the Gegenqinlian Decoction vesicle-like nanoparticle group was the lightest.

[0073] 4. Detection of changes in intestinal microbial structure

[0074] The present invention has proved that the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles have a significant therapeutic effect, and ulcerative colitis can lead to a decrease in the abundance and diversity of intestinal microorganisms. The present invention also further verifies the effect of Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles on intestinal microorganisms. First, sterile tweezers were used to collect the feces of mice in different groups. Then, 16SrRNA sequencing analysis was performed to observe the abundance and diversity of microorganisms in the intestine to determine whether the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticle treatment would restore the intestinal microecology.

[0075] like Fig.10 A and Fig.10 As shown in B, the Chao1 index of the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticle group was significantly higher than that of the DSS group (P=0.0056), and the Shannon index was also significantly higher than that of the DSS group (P=0.0018). This indicates that the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles can restore intestinal abundance and diversity.

[0076] It can be clearly seen from the above that the extraction method and operation of the present invention are simple, and the concentration of the obtained Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles is 1.1×10 11 The number of particles / mL; the average particle size of the extracted Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles is about 197.7nm, with a complete lipid bilayer structure, uniform particle size distribution, and rich in effective lipid ingredients; delivering Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles to the colon of mice by oral gavage can alleviate the colitis symptoms of mice. In addition, the present invention reveals for the first time that Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles are the main active ingredients of Gegenqinlian decoction, which provides a new idea for using Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles as a treatment for ulcerative colitis.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for extracting Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Preparing Gegen Qinlian Decoction stock solution: grinding Gegen kudzu root for 40-60s, mixing scutellaria, coptis and liquorice and grinding for 40-60s, respectively soaking the obtained Gegen kudzu root powder and the mixed powder of scutellaria, coptis and liquorice in 1:6-8w / v ultrapure water for 20-30min, first decocting the solid-liquid mixture of Gegen kudzu root powder for 20min, then adding the solid-liquid mixture of scutellaria, coptis and liquorice and continuing to decoct for 50-60min, cooling to room temperature, filtering with gauze and squeezing to obtain Gegen Qinlian Decoction stock solution; S2, placing the Gegenqinlian decoction stock solution obtained in S1 at 4-8°C for 12-15h to obtain a gelatinous substance; S3, centrifuging the colloidal substance obtained in S2 at a low speed at 4-8°C, taking the supernatant to obtain a crude extract of Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles; S4, ultracentrifuging the crude extract of Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles obtained in S3 at 4-8°C, discarding the supernatant, and resuspending the precipitate with PBS to obtain a crude extract of Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles; S5. Centrifuge the crude extract of Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles obtained in S4 at 16000 g for 10-15 min at 4-8°C, take the supernatant, and filter with a 0.22 μm filter membrane to obtain Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles.

2. The extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that In S1, the mass ratio of Pueraria root, Scutellaria baicalensis, Coptis chinensis and Licorice is 5:3:3:

2.

3. The extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that In S3, the low-speed centrifugation is specifically: centrifuging the colloidal substance at 1500-2000g for 15-20min, taking the supernatant, centrifuging it again at 10000-12000g for 30-40min, taking the supernatant, and then centrifuging it again at 16000-17000g for 20min to take the supernatant.

4. The extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that In S4, the ultracentrifugation specifically comprises: centrifuging the crude extract of the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles at 150,000 g for 90-120 min, and discarding the supernatant.

5. The Gegenqinliantang vesicle-like nanoparticles prepared by the extraction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. Use of the Gegen Qinlian Decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles prepared by the extraction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the Gegen Qinlian Decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles according to claim 5 in the preparation of a drug for treating ulcerative colitis.

7. Use of the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles prepared by the extraction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles according to claim 5 in the preparation of a drug for treating DSS-induced ulcerative colitis.

8. A pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles prepared by the extraction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles according to claim 5.

9. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method comprises using the Gegenqinlian decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles as active ingredients and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

10. A pharmaceutical preparation comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the Gegen Qinlian Decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles prepared by the extraction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the Gegen Qinlian Decoction vesicle-like nanoparticles according to claim 5, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

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