Waste incineration fly ash comprehensive utilization treatment device and treatment method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste incineration fly ash treatment, and discloses a waste incineration fly ash comprehensive utilization treatment device and a treatment method. The device comprises a water washing desalination unit, a water washing liquid purification unit and an evaporation salt production unit, chlorine salt in fly ash is effectively removed through multi-stage countercurrent water washing and solid-liquid separation, water washing slag with the chlorine ion content reaching the standard is separated out, and the dechlorinated water washing slag can be further utilized; meanwhile, sodium sylvite is effectively separated out through follow-up water washing liquid treatment, and harmless and resource utilization of the fly ash is achieved; the waste incineration fly ash treatment device achieves the effects of efficiently treating waste incineration fly ash, reducing environmental pollution and improving the water resource utilization rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste incineration fly ash treatment, and in particular to a waste incineration fly ash comprehensive utilization and disposal device and a treatment method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an effective way to reduce and harmlessly treat waste, waste incineration has been widely used in my country. The main components of fly ash from waste incineration include water-soluble chloride salts, calcium components, heavy metals and dioxins. Although water-soluble sodium salts, potassium salts and calcium salts are not toxic in themselves, the presence of water-soluble salts will cause great harm to the harmless and resourceful treatment of fly ash.

[0003] At present, the main fly ash disposal technologies include solidification landfill, cement kiln co-disposal, high-temperature sintering, and high-temperature melting. Solidification landfill takes up a lot of land resources and has the environmental risk of potential dioxin and heavy metal precipitation; high-temperature sintering has high energy consumption and equipment costs, and some treatment processes are more complicated or limited by regional conditions; fly ash melting disposal has high energy consumption and high cost, and low melting point salts and heavy metals will volatilize into flue gas to form salt mist, and finally condense and purify the flue gas to generate secondary fly ash, which poses a secondary pollution risk to the environment; fly ash cement kiln co-disposal is to wash the fly ash with water, and the fly ash residue after water washing and dechlorination is co-disposed in cement kilns. Cement kilns have the characteristics of high temperature, alkalinity, negative pressure, etc., which have good stabilization and degradation effects on heavy metals and dioxin-like organic matter in fly ash; there is no secondary pollution, and it has been widely promoted.

[0004] In the traditional fly ash washing technology, the fly ash is mainly washed with water from the reactor. If the water-ash ratio in the reactor is high, there will be a problem of large water consumption and the chloride salt content of the separated washing liquid not meeting the standard. If the water-ash ratio in the reactor is low, the chloride ion content in the fly ash washing residue will be too high, which will not meet the production requirements of the cement kiln. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to reduce the amount of water used in the comprehensive utilization of fly ash and improve the resource utilization effect of fly ash, the present application provides a comprehensive utilization and disposal device for waste incineration fly ash and a treatment method thereof.

[0006] The present application provides a comprehensive utilization and disposal device for waste incineration fly ash and a treatment method thereof, which adopts the following technical solutions: A comprehensive utilization and disposal device for waste incineration fly ash, comprising a water washing and desalination unit, a water washing liquid purification unit and an evaporation salt production unit; The water washing and desalination unit comprises a primary water washing tank, a primary horizontal screw centrifuge, a secondary water washing tank, a secondary horizontal screw centrifuge, a tertiary water washing tank and a tertiary horizontal screw centrifuge; the primary water washing tank is connected to the primary horizontal screw centrifugal pump, the primary horizontal screw centrifuge is provided with a primary slag delivery pipe and a primary liquid discharge pipe, the other end of the primary slag delivery pipe is connected to the secondary water washing tank, and the other end of the primary liquid discharge pipe is connected to the water washing liquid purification unit; the secondary water washing tank is connected to the secondary horizontal screw centrifuge, the secondary horizontal screw centrifuge is provided with a secondary slag delivery pipe and a secondary liquid return pipe, the other end of the secondary slag delivery pipe is connected to the tertiary water washing tank, and the other end of the secondary liquid return pipe is connected to the primary water washing tank; the tertiary water washing tank is connected to the tertiary horizontal screw centrifuge, the tertiary horizontal screw centrifuge is provided with a tertiary slag delivery pipe and a tertiary liquid return pipe, the other end of the tertiary liquid return pipe is connected to the secondary water washing tank, and the tertiary water washing tank is also provided with a water supply pipe; The water washing liquid purification unit is used to remove heavy metal ions in the primary water washing liquid. The water washing liquid purification unit is connected to the evaporation salt making unit, and the evaporation salt making unit is used to extract sodium potassium salts in the water washing liquid.

[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, the coordinated work of the water washing desalination unit, the water washing liquid purification unit and the evaporation salt production unit realizes the harmless treatment and resource utilization of fly ash; at the same time, by performing three-stage water washing on the fly ash, the chloride ion content in the fly ash water washing residue is effectively reduced to meet the production requirements of the cement kiln; through the multi-stage reflux of the water washing liquid, water resources can be reused to reduce water consumption; at the same time, the chloride salt content in the separated first-level water washing liquid can be increased to ensure the subsequent salt production effect, thereby improving the fly ash resource utilization effect.

[0008] Optionally, the primary water washing tank includes a water washing tank body, a rotating material guide assembly arranged in the water washing tank body, and a driving assembly for driving the rotating material guide assembly to rotate. A raw material feed port is provided on the top plate of the water washing tank body. The rotating material guide assembly includes a material guide ring, a material guide hopper and a material guide pipe. The upper end of the material guide ring is open. There are multiple material guide hoppers circumferentially arranged in the material guide ring, and the upper edges of two adjacent material guide hoppers are abutted in sequence. The material guide pipes are connected to the lower ends of the material guide hoppers one by one. A number of water holes are evenly provided on the side walls of the material guide pipes.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, fly ash can be evenly contacted with water, which helps to improve dissolution efficiency, reduce water washing time, and more effectively remove chloride salts in fly ash.

[0010] Optionally, the primary water washing tank also includes a positioning ring, the lower end of the guide pipe is connected to the positioning ring, the guide pipe is bent into an arc-shaped tube in a direction close to or away from the central axis of the guide ring, and a raw material discharge hole is opened at the lower end of the positioning ring, and the raw material discharge hole is communicated with the lower end of the guide pipe.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the arc-shaped design of the guide pipe can expand the contact area between fly ash and water and improve the overall dissolution efficiency of fly ash.

[0012] Optionally, a guide ring is provided at the upper end of the guide ring, and a guide groove for the guide ring to be inserted and rotated circumferentially is opened on the top plate of the washing tank body. When the guide ring is located in the guide groove, the guide ring itself can be restricted from moving downward.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide ring can guide the circumferential rotation of the guide ring and provide support for the guide ring, so that the rotation of the guide ring is more stable.

[0014] Optionally, the driving assembly includes a first motor arranged on the water washing tank body, a central support rod rotatably arranged in the water washing tank body, a plurality of first connecting rods connected between the central support rod and the guide ring, and a plurality of second connecting rods connected between the central support rod and the positioning ring, and the output end of the first motor is connected to the central support rod.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, starting the first motor can drive the rotating material guide component to rotate stably.

[0016] Optionally, an air inlet pipe is provided on the washing tank body, and the second connecting rod is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes spaced apart along its length direction; ventilation grooves for gas to pass through are provided in the central support rod and the second connecting rod, and the air outlet holes are connected to the air inlet pipe through the ventilation grooves.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the design of the air pipe allows the introduction of carbon dioxide gas during the water washing process, which can adjust the pH value in the solution to increase the dissolution rate and efficiency of the fly ash; at the same time, the air outlet is opened on the second connecting rod, so that as the second connecting rod rotates, the uniform distribution of the gas can be ensured, further enhancing the effect of water washing.

[0018] Optionally, a water inlet pipe is provided on the water washing tank body, a water guide ring is provided in the water washing tank body, a plurality of nozzles are circumferentially arranged at intervals on the water guide ring, and the water guide ring is connected to the water inlet pipe.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the water guide ring allows water to enter the washing tank body evenly, thereby improving the uniformity and effect of washing. At the same time, after washing is completed, the inside of the washing tank body can be fully rinsed through the water guide ring and the nozzle.

[0020] Optionally, a plurality of stirring blades are provided on the side wall of the central support rod, and the stirring blades are arranged between the positioning ring and the bottom of the water washing tank body. The central support rod is also provided with an adjustment component for driving the stirring blades to move closer to or away from the central support rod. When the stirring blades are away from the central support rod, the outer side wall of the stirring blade can abut against the inner side wall of the water washing tank body.

[0021] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the fly ash is washed with water, there is a certain distance between the stirring blade and the side wall of the washing tank body, which can play a role in stirring the solution; when the washing tank body needs to be cleaned, the stirring blade can be driven away from the central support rod so that the outer wall of the stirring blade can abut against the inner wall of the washing tank body, thereby scraping and cleaning the lower end part of the washing tank body.

[0022] Optionally, a plurality of first rods are arranged on the side wall of the central support rod, a second rod is slidably arranged inside the first rod, one end of the second rod extends out of the first rod and is connected to the stirring blade, the adjustment component includes a second motor arranged in the central support rod, an adjustment disk rotatably arranged in the central support rod, and a linkage column arranged on the second rod, the output shaft of the second motor is coaxially connected to the adjustment disk, an arc-shaped adjustment groove is opened on the adjustment disk, and the linkage column is slidably inserted in the adjustment groove.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the design of the first rod and the second rod, and through the control of the second motor and the adjustment disk, precise adjustment of the position of the stirring blade is achieved.

[0024] A method for comprehensive utilization of waste incineration fly ash, using the above-mentioned waste incineration fly ash comprehensive utilization disposal device, comprises the following steps: S1: The fly ash is subjected to three-stage water washing treatment using a water washing and desalination unit; S11: sending the fly ash into the primary water washing tank for dissolution, water washing and dechlorination, and then sending the primary mixed liquid generated after water washing into the primary horizontal screw centrifuge for solid-liquid separation; the separated primary water washing residue is sent to the secondary water washing tank through the primary residue sending pipe, and the separated primary water washing liquid is sent to the water washing liquid purification unit through the primary liquid outlet pipe; S12: The secondary washing tank performs secondary washing on the primary washing residue, and then sends the secondary mixed liquid generated after washing into the secondary horizontal screw centrifuge for solid-liquid separation; the separated secondary washing residue is sent to the tertiary washing tank via the secondary slag sending pipe, and the separated secondary washing liquid is refluxed to the primary washing tank via the secondary liquid return pipe; S13: The tertiary washing tank washes the secondary washing residue three times, and then sends the tertiary mixed liquid generated after washing into the tertiary horizontal screw centrifuge for solid-liquid separation; the separated tertiary washing residue is sent to the subsequent processing equipment through the tertiary slag sending pipe for resource processing, and the separated tertiary washing liquid is refluxed to the secondary washing tank through the tertiary liquid return pipe; S2: removing heavy metal ions in the primary water washing liquid through the water washing liquid purification unit; S3, extracting the sodium potassium salt in the primary water washing liquid through the evaporation salt making unit.

[0025] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention effectively reduces the chloride ion content in the fly ash washing residue by three-stage water washing of fly ash, so that it meets the production requirements of cement kiln; through the multi-stage reflux of the washing liquid, water resources can be reused to reduce water consumption; at the same time, the chloride salt content in the separated primary washing liquid can be increased to ensure the subsequent salt production effect, thereby improving the fly ash resource effect; 2. The present application can effectively improve the fly ash dissolution efficiency, reduce the reaction time, and increase the fly ash dissolution rate by setting a rotating material guide assembly in the water washing tank body and introducing carbon dioxide gas into the water washing tank body through a second connecting rod. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 1 of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2 of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the washing tank body; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle; Figure 5 1 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the central support rod; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the regulating component.

[0027] Description of the accompanying drawings: 1. water washing and desalination unit; 11. primary water washing tank; 12. primary horizontal screw centrifuge; 121. primary slag delivery pipe; 122. primary liquid outlet pipe; 13. secondary water washing tank; 14. secondary horizontal screw centrifuge; 141. secondary slag delivery pipe; 142. secondary liquid return pipe; 15. tertiary water washing tank; 16. tertiary horizontal screw centrifuge; 161. tertiary slag delivery pipe; 162. tertiary liquid return pipe; 2. water washing liquid purification unit; 3. evaporation salt making unit; 5. water washing tank body; 51. raw material feed port; 52. air inlet pipe; 53. water inlet pipe; 54. guide Water ring; 541, nozzle; 6, rotating material guide assembly; 61, material guide ring; 611, guide ring; 62, material guide hopper; 63, material guide pipe; 631, water hole; 64, positioning ring; 641, raw material discharge hole; 7, driving assembly; 71, first motor; 72, center support rod; 721, ventilation groove; 722, stirring blade; 723, first rod; 724, second rod; 73, first connecting rod; 74, second connecting rod; 741, air outlet; 8, adjusting assembly; 81, second motor; 82, adjusting disk; 821, adjusting groove; 83, linkage column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following is combined with Figure 1-6 This application is described in further detail.

[0029] Embodiment 1: The present application embodiment discloses a comprehensive utilization and disposal device for waste incineration fly ash. Figure 1 The comprehensive utilization and disposal device mainly includes a water washing and desalination unit 1, a water washing liquid purification unit 2 and an evaporation salt making unit 3. Among them, the water washing and desalination unit 1 is used to wash the fly ash with water, and separate it into a water washing liquid containing a high concentration of chloride salt and a water washing residue with a chloride ion content that meets the standard; the water washing and desalination unit 1 is connected to the water washing liquid purification unit 2, and the separated water washing liquid is sent to the water washing liquid purification unit 2, and the suspended matter, heavy metal ions and hardness ions in the water washing liquid are removed by adding chemical agents and filtering, and the water washing liquid is purified. The water washing liquid purification unit 2 is connected to the evaporation salt making unit 3, and the purified water washing liquid is then sent to the evaporation salt making unit 3. The evaporation system adopts MVR low-temperature negative pressure evaporation, and sodium chloride and potassium chloride can be separated according to their different solubilities; specifically, after the water washing liquid is evaporated and concentrated, it is separated into sodium chloride by solid-liquid separation through a horizontal screw centrifuge, and the filtrate enters the cooling kettle for cooling and centrifugation to separate potassium chloride. At the same time, the washed slag separated by the washing and desalination unit 1 can be sent to the cement kiln for resource processing, and the washed slag can be co-produced into various industrial raw materials such as ceramsite. In the above, the washing liquid purification unit 2 and the evaporation salt production unit 3 are prior art, and this application will not go into details.

[0030] Reference Figure 1In the embodiment of the present application, in order to solve the problems in the related art that the washing liquid and washing residue separated by the washing desalination unit 1 have large water consumption, the chloride content of the separated solution does not meet the standard, and the chloride ion content in the fly ash washing residue is too high; the washing desalination unit 1 adopts a multi-stage countercurrent washing method to remove water-soluble salts in the fly ash; at the same time, the washing desalination unit 1 also adopts a method of recycling the washing liquid to reduce water consumption and increase the chloride content in the separated washing liquid, which not only effectively realizes the purpose of recycling resources, but also improves the utilization rate of water resources.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 Specifically, the water washing and desalination unit 1 includes a primary water washing tank 11, a primary horizontal screw centrifuge 12, a secondary water washing tank 13, a secondary horizontal screw centrifuge 14, a tertiary water washing tank 15 and a tertiary horizontal screw centrifuge 16. Among them, the fly ash raw material is put into the primary water washing tank 11 for water washing, which is mainly used to dissolve the chloride salt in the fly ash; the discharge port of the primary water washing tank 11 is connected to the feed port of the primary horizontal screw centrifuge 12, and the primary mixed liquid after water washing is sent to the primary horizontal screw centrifuge 12 for separation; the primary horizontal screw centrifuge 12 is provided with a primary slag feeding pipe 121 and a primary liquid outlet pipe 122, the other end of the primary slag feeding pipe 121 is connected to the secondary water washing tank 13, and the other end of the primary liquid outlet pipe 122 is connected to the water washing liquid purification unit 2, and the primary water washing liquid separated in the primary horizontal screw centrifuge 12 is sent to the water washing liquid purification unit 2 through the liquid outlet pipe; the primary water washing slag separated in the primary horizontal screw centrifuge 12 is sent to the secondary water washing tank 13 through the primary slag feeding pipe 121 for secondary water washing.

[0032] Correspondingly, the discharge port of the secondary water washing tank 13 is connected to the feed port of the secondary horizontal screw centrifuge 14. The secondary horizontal screw centrifuge 14 is provided with a secondary slag delivery pipe 141 and a secondary liquid return pipe 142. The other end of the secondary slag delivery pipe 141 is connected to the tertiary water washing tank 15, and the other end of the secondary liquid return pipe 142 is connected to the primary water washing tank 11; the secondary liquid return pipe 142 can return the secondary water washing liquid to the primary water washing tank 11 to wash the fly ash, thereby increasing the chloride salt concentration in the generated primary water washing liquid. The discharge port of the tertiary water washing tank 15 is connected to the feed port of the tertiary horizontal screw centrifuge 16. The tertiary horizontal screw centrifuge 16 is provided with a tertiary slag delivery pipe 161 and a tertiary liquid return pipe 162. The tertiary liquid return pipe 162 can bring the tertiary water washing liquid into the secondary water washing tank 13 for further reaction. The other end of the tertiary slag delivery pipe 161 is connected to the subsequent processing equipment of the water washing slag, such as a storage box for storage and collection, or directly connected to a cement kiln for production; the other end of the tertiary liquid return pipe 162 is connected to the secondary water washing tank 13, and a water supply pipe is also provided on the tertiary water washing tank 15. It should be noted that each level of the water washing tank 11 is provided with an additional water inlet channel for timely adjusting the water-cement ratio in the water washing tank to achieve a better water washing effect.

[0033] Through the above structure, the fly ash can be washed with water in three stages, effectively reducing the chloride ion content in the fly ash washing residue to meet the production requirements of the cement kiln. At the same time, through the multi-stage reflux of the washing liquid, the water resources can be reused to reduce the water consumption; at the same time, the chloride salt content in the separated primary washing liquid can be increased to ensure the subsequent salt production effect. In actual production, the water-to-ash ratio in the water consumption of the traditional washing and desalination unit 1 is generally above 3:1, while in this application, the water-to-ash ratio is 1.5-2:1; at the same time, after the fly ash is washed and desalinated by three stages, the chlorine content in the washing residue is ≤0.5%; and the purity of the sodium chloride and potassium chloride finally separated is ≥98%.

[0034] The implementation principle of a comprehensive utilization and disposal device for waste incineration fly ash in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: the fly ash is washed three times in sequence through a primary washing tank 11, a secondary washing tank 13 and a tertiary washing tank 15, and the generated tertiary washing slag is made into industrial raw materials through a cement kiln; during the washing process, the secondary washing liquid separated by the secondary horizontal screw centrifuge 14 is refluxed into the primary washing tank 11, and the tertiary washing liquid separated by the tertiary horizontal screw centrifuge 16 is refluxed into the secondary washing liquid, thereby improving the utilization rate of water resources and increasing the chloride salt content of the primary washing liquid separated in the primary horizontal screw centrifuge 12; the primary washing liquid is made into sodium potassium salt through a washing liquid purification unit 2 and an evaporation salt making unit 3.

[0035] Embodiment 2: The embodiment of the present application further optimizes the washing liquid used in the waste incineration fly ash comprehensive utilization and disposal device, wherein the structures of the primary washing tank 11, the secondary washing tank 13 and the tertiary washing tank 15 are the same, and the primary washing tank 11 is taken as an example below.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 Specifically, the primary water washing tank 11 includes a water washing tank body 5, a rotating guide assembly 6 disposed in the water washing tank body 5, and a driving assembly 7 for driving the rotating guide assembly 6 to rotate. A raw material feed port 51 is provided on the top plate of the water washing tank body 5. The rotating guide assembly 6 includes a guide ring 61, a guide hopper 62, and a guide pipe 63. The guide ring 61 is annular and is coaxially disposed in the water washing tank body 5. The upper end of the guide ring 61 is open, and its cross section is "U" shaped. There are multiple guide hoppers 62 arranged circumferentially in the guide ring 61, and the upper edges of two adjacent guide hoppers 62 are abutted in sequence. The guide pipe 63 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide hopper 62 in a one-to-one correspondence, and a plurality of water holes 631 are evenly provided on the side wall of the guide pipe 63. A discharge pipe is also fixed at the lower end of the water washing tank body 5, and the discharge pipe is connected to the corresponding horizontal screw centrifuge for delivering the mixed liquid after washing.

[0037] When in use, fly ash is fed into the washing tank body 5 from the raw material feed port 51; at the same time, the driving assembly 7 drives the rotating guide assembly 6 to rotate, so that the guide hopper 62 set on the guide ring 61 passes through the raw material feed port 51 in sequence, that is, the fly ash can continuously fall into different guide hoppers 62, and after the fly ash enters the guide hopper 62, it enters the guide pipe 63 along the guide hopper 62; the above design allows the fly ash to enter the washing tank body 5. After being continuously dispersed by different guide hoppers 62 and guide pipes 63, it can be evenly distributed during the water washing process, thereby improving the water washing efficiency; at the same time, as the guide pipe 63 rotates, it can quickly merge into the water. The rotating design of the guide hopper 62 helps to quickly introduce and discharge fly ash, reducing the possibility of blockage at the feed port. The water hole 631 design on the guide pipe 63 ensures the uniform distribution of the washing liquid and improves the washing effect.

[0038] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the embodiment of the present application, the primary water washing tank 11 further includes a positioning ring 64, the lower end of the guide pipe 63 is connected to the upper surface of the positioning ring 64, and a raw material discharge hole 641 is provided on the lower surface of the positioning ring 64, and the raw material discharge hole 641 is connected to the guide pipe 63, so that the undissolved fly ash in the guide pipe 63 can be discharged from the guide pipe 63 along the through hole. Further preferably, the middle part of the guide pipe 63 is bent into an arc tube toward or away from the central axis of the guide ring 61. This design prolongs the time that the fly ash is located in the guide pipe 63 during the water washing process, and the fly ash is dissolved in the water as the guide pipe 63 rotates, which can effectively improve the dissolution efficiency of the fly ash; at the same time, the arc design can expand the contact area between the fly ash and the water, and avoid the high concentration of the mixed liquid after the water dissolves the fly ash in the local area, which affects the overall dissolution efficiency of the fly ash.

[0039] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the embodiment of the present application, specifically, a guide ring 611 is provided at the upper end of the guide ring 61. Since the upper end of the guide ring 61 is open, the guide ring 611 can be fixed to the upper surfaces of the inner and outer side plates of the guide ring 61; the cross-section of the guide ring 611 can be in a "T" shape or a dovetail shape; a guide groove for the guide ring 611 to be inserted and rotated circumferentially is provided on the top plate of the washing tank body 5. When the guide ring 611 is located in the guide groove, it can guide the circumferential rotation of the guide ring 61 and provide support for the guide ring 61, so that the rotation of the guide ring 61 is more stable.

[0040] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4In the embodiment of the present application, the driving assembly 7 includes a first motor 71, a central support rod 72, a first connecting rod 73 and a second connecting rod 74, wherein the first motor 71 can be fixed to the lower surface of the washing tank body 5; the central support rod 72 is coaxially rotatably arranged in the washing tank body 5, and the output end of the first motor 71 is connected to the lower end of the central support rod 72; the first connecting rod 73 is connected between the guide ring 61 and the central support rod 72, and a plurality of the first connecting rods 73 are arranged along the axis of the central support rod 72; the second connecting rod 74 is connected between the positioning ring 64 and the central support rod 72, and a plurality of the second connecting rods 74 are also arranged along the circumference of the central support rod 72. Through the connection between the first connecting rod 73 and the second connecting rod 74, when the first motor 71 drives the central support rod 72 to rotate, the guide ring 61, the guide tube 63 and the positioning ring 64 can be driven to rotate synchronously.

[0041] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 , since when the pH value in the solution is appropriately changed to make the solution weakly acidic, the dissolution efficiency and solubility of some chlorine salts can be improved, in an optional embodiment, carbon dioxide gas can also be introduced into the water washing tank. Specifically, an air inlet pipe 52 is provided on the water washing tank body 5, and the air inlet pipe 52 is used to introduce carbon dioxide gas into the water washing tank body 5; a ventilation groove 721 for gas to pass through is provided in the central support rod 72 and the air inlet pipe 52, and the ventilation groove 721 passes through the central support rod 72 upward to communicate with the air inlet pipe 52. Optionally, the air inlet pipe 52 can also be connected to the central support rod 72 by means of a pneumatic rotary joint, etc., to improve the sealing of the connection. An air outlet hole 741 is provided on the lower surface of the second connecting rod 74, and a plurality of air outlet holes 741 are provided at intervals along the length direction of the second connecting rod 74 itself. And the air outlet hole 741 is connected to the air inlet pipe 52 through the ventilation groove 721. The design of the air inlet pipe 52 allows the introduction of carbon dioxide gas during the water washing process, which can adjust the pH value in the solution to increase the dissolution rate and dissolution efficiency of the fly ash. At the same time, the air outlet 741 is opened on the second connecting rod 74, so that as the second connecting rod 74 rotates, the uniform distribution of the gas can be ensured, further enhancing the effect of the water washing.

[0042] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4In the embodiment of the present application, a water inlet pipe 53 is provided on the washing tank body 5, and the water inlet pipe 53 is respectively connected to an external water source and a liquid return pipe; for example, the water inlet pipe 53 on the primary washing tank 11 is connected to an external water source and a secondary liquid return pipe 142; the water inlet pipe 53 of the secondary washing tank 13 is connected to an external water source and a tertiary liquid return pipe 162; the water inlet pipe 53 of the tertiary washing tank 15 can only be connected to an external water supply pipe. At the same time, a water guide ring 54 is provided in the washing tank body 5, and a plurality of water guide rings 54 can be arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and a plurality of nozzles 541 are arranged at intervals on the inner side wall of the water guide ring 54, and the water guide ring 54 is connected to the water inlet pipe 53. The design of the water inlet pipe 53 allows water to enter the washing tank body 5 evenly when water supply is needed, thereby improving the uniformity and effect of water washing. At the same time, after the water washing is completed, the inside of the water washing tank body 5 can be fully washed through the water guide ring 54 and the nozzle 541.

[0043] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 In an optional embodiment, a plurality of stirring blades 722 are provided on the side wall of the central support rod 72, and the stirring blades 722 are provided between the positioning ring 64 and the bottom of the washing tank body 5, so that during the washing process, the stirring blades 722 can stir the lower end portion of the washing tank body 5, accelerate the fluidity of the liquid at the lower end, and improve the washing efficiency of the fly ash.

[0044] The central support rod 72 is also provided with an adjustment component 8 for driving the stirring blade 722 to be close to or away from the central support rod 72. When the fly ash is washed with water, there is a certain distance between the stirring blade 722 and the side wall of the washing tank body 5, which can play a role in stirring the solution; when the washing tank body 5 needs to be cleaned, the stirring blade 722 can be driven away from the central support rod 72, so that the outer wall of the stirring blade 722 can abut against the inner wall of the washing tank body 5, thereby scraping and cleaning the lower end part of the washing tank body 5.

[0045] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 Specifically, a plurality of first rods 723 are fixed on the side wall of the central support rod 72, a second rod 724 is slidably arranged in the first rod 723, and one end of the second rod 724 extending out of the first rod 723 is connected to the stirring blade 722. The adjustment component 8 comprises a second motor 81, an adjustment disk 82 and a linkage column 83; wherein the second motor 81 is arranged in the central support rod 72, the output shaft of the second motor 81 is arranged along the vertical direction, and the adjustment disk 82 is connected to the end of the output shaft of the second motor 81; an arc-shaped adjustment groove 821 is provided on the adjustment disk 82, the upper end of the linkage column 83 is fixed to one end of the second rod 724 inserted in the central support rod 72, and the lower end of the linkage column 83 is slidably inserted in the adjustment groove 821. When the second motor 81 drives the adjustment disk 82 to rotate, it can drive all the second rods 724 to slide towards or away from the central support rod 72 at the same time.

[0046] The implementation principle of the waste incineration fly ash comprehensive utilization and disposal device of the embodiment of the present application is as follows: after the fly ash is fed into the water washing tank body 5 from the raw material feed port 51, it can fall into different hoppers and different guide pipes 63 as the guide ring 61 rotates, and quickly dissolves in water as the guide pipe 63 rotates, thereby increasing the dissolution rate of the fly ash and reducing the water washing time. During water washing, carbon dioxide gas is fed into the water washing tank body 5 through the air inlet pipe 52 and discharged from the air outlet 741 on the second connecting rod 74, thereby changing the pH value of the solution, which can further improve the dissolution efficiency and solubility of the fly ash and improve the water washing effect.

[0047] Embodiment 3: The embodiment of the present application discloses a method for comprehensive utilization and treatment of waste incineration fly ash.

[0048] The embodiment of the present application uses the waste incineration fly ash comprehensive utilization and disposal device in the above embodiment, including the following steps: S1: The fly ash is subjected to three-stage water washing treatment using a water washing and desalination unit 1; S11: The fly ash is sent to the primary water washing tank 11 for dissolution, water washing and dechlorination, and then the primary mixed liquid generated after the water washing is sent to the primary horizontal screw centrifuge 12 for solid-liquid separation; the primary water washing residue after separation is sent to the secondary water washing tank 13 through the primary residue sending pipe 121, and the primary water washing liquid after separation is sent to the water washing liquid purification unit 2 through the primary liquid outlet pipe 122; S12: The secondary washing tank 13 performs secondary washing on the primary washing residue, and then sends the secondary mixed liquid generated after washing into the secondary horizontal screw centrifuge 14 for solid-liquid separation; the separated secondary washing residue is sent to the tertiary washing tank 15 via the secondary slag sending pipe 141, and the separated secondary washing liquid is refluxed to the primary washing tank 11 via the secondary liquid return pipe 142; S13: The tertiary washing tank 15 washes the secondary washing slag three times, and then sends the tertiary mixed liquid generated after washing into the tertiary horizontal screw centrifuge 16 for solid-liquid separation; the separated tertiary washing slag is sent to the subsequent processing equipment through the tertiary slag sending pipe 161 for resource processing, and the separated tertiary washing liquid is refluxed to the secondary washing tank 13 through the tertiary liquid return pipe 162; S2: removing heavy metal ions in the primary water washing liquid by the water washing liquid purification unit 2. Specifically, during purification, chemical agents may be added to remove heavy metal ions in the primary water washing liquid, and impurities in the primary water washing liquid may be removed by filtering or the like. The purified primary water washing liquid is then sent to the evaporation salt making unit 3; S3: extracting the sodium-potassium salt in the primary water washing liquid by evaporating the salt-making unit 3. Specifically, MVR low-temperature negative pressure evaporation is adopted. Sodium chloride and potassium chloride can be separated according to their different solubilities. After evaporation and concentration, sodium chloride is separated from the solid by a horizontal screw centrifuge. The filtrate enters a cooling kettle for cooling and centrifugation to separate potassium chloride.

[0049] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A comprehensive utilization and disposal device for fly ash from garbage incineration, characterized in that: It comprises a water washing and desalination unit (1), a water washing liquid purification unit (2) and an evaporation salt production unit (3); The water washing and desalination unit (1) comprises a primary water washing tank (11), a primary horizontal screw centrifuge (12), a secondary water washing tank (13), a secondary horizontal screw centrifuge (14), a tertiary water washing tank (15) and a tertiary horizontal screw centrifuge (16); the primary water washing tank (11) is connected to the primary horizontal screw centrifuge pump; the primary horizontal screw centrifuge (12) is provided with a primary slag delivery pipe (121) and a primary liquid outlet pipe (122); the other end of the primary slag delivery pipe (121) is connected to the secondary water washing tank (13); the other end of the primary liquid outlet pipe (122) is connected to the water washing liquid purification unit (2); the secondary water washing tank (13) is connected to the secondary horizontal screw centrifuge ( 14), the second-stage horizontal screw centrifuge (14) is provided with a second-stage slag delivery pipe (141) and a second-stage liquid return pipe (142), the other end of the second-stage slag delivery pipe (141) is connected to the third-stage water washing tank (15), and the other end of the second-stage liquid return pipe (142) is connected to the first-stage water washing tank (11); the third-stage water washing tank (15) is connected to the third-stage horizontal screw centrifuge (16), the third-stage horizontal screw centrifuge (16) is provided with a third-stage slag delivery pipe (161) and a third-stage liquid return pipe (162), the other end of the third-stage liquid return pipe (162) is connected to the second-stage water washing tank (13), and the third-stage water washing tank (15) is also provided with a water supply pipe; The water washing liquid purification unit (2) is used to remove heavy metal ions in the primary water washing liquid. The water washing liquid purification unit (2) is connected to the evaporation salt production unit (3). The evaporation salt production unit (3) is used to extract chloride salts from the water washing liquid.

2. A waste incineration fly ash comprehensive utilization and disposal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary water washing tank (11) comprises a water washing tank body (5), a rotating material guide assembly (6) arranged in the water washing tank body (5), and a driving assembly (7) for driving the rotating material guide assembly (6) to rotate. A raw material feed port (51) is provided on the top plate of the water washing tank body (5). The rotating material guide assembly (6) comprises a material guide ring (61), a material guide hopper (62), and a material guide pipe (63). The upper end of the material guide ring (61) is open. A plurality of material guide hoppers (62) are circumferentially arranged in the material guide ring (61), and the upper edges of two adjacent material guide hoppers (62) are sequentially abutted. The material guide pipe (63) is connected to the lower end of the material guide hopper (62) in a one-to-one correspondence. A plurality of water holes (631) are evenly provided on the side wall of the material guide pipe (63).

3. A waste incineration fly ash comprehensive utilization and disposal device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The primary water washing tank (11) further comprises a positioning ring (64), the lower end of the guide tube (63) being connected to the positioning ring (64), the guide tube (63) being bent into an arc-shaped tube in a direction approaching or away from the central axis of the guide ring (61), the lower end of the positioning ring (64) being provided with a raw material discharge hole (641), the raw material discharge hole (641) being in communication with the lower end of the guide tube (63).

4. A waste incineration fly ash comprehensive utilization and disposal device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A guide ring (611) is provided at the upper end of the guide ring (61), and a guide groove for the guide ring (611) to be inserted and rotated in a circumferential direction is provided on the top plate of the washing tank body (5). When the guide ring (611) is located in the guide groove, the guide ring (611) itself can be restricted from moving downward.

5. A waste incineration fly ash comprehensive utilization and disposal device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving assembly (7) comprises a first motor (71) arranged on the water washing tank body (5), a central support rod (72) rotatably arranged in the water washing tank body (5), a plurality of first connecting rods (73) connected between the central support rod (72) and the guide ring (611), and a plurality of second connecting rods (74) connected between the central support rod (72) and the positioning ring (64), and the output end of the first motor (71) is connected to the central support rod (72).

6. A waste incineration fly ash comprehensive utilization and disposal device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The washing tank body (5) is provided with an air inlet pipe (52), the second connecting rod (74) is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes (741) spaced apart along its length direction, the central support rod (72) and the second connecting rod (74) are provided with ventilation grooves (721) for gas to pass through, and the air outlet holes (741) are connected to the air inlet pipe (52) via the ventilation grooves (721).

7. The comprehensive utilization and disposal device for waste incineration fly ash according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A water inlet pipe (53) is provided on the water washing tank body (5), a water guide ring (54) is provided inside the water washing tank body (5), a plurality of nozzles (541) are circumferentially arranged at intervals on the water guide ring (54), and the water guide ring (54) is connected to the water inlet pipe (53).

8. The comprehensive utilization and disposal device for waste incineration fly ash according to claim 5 is characterized by: A plurality of stirring blades (722) are arranged on the side wall of the central support rod (72). The stirring blades (722) are arranged between the positioning ring (64) and the bottom of the washing tank body (5). The central support rod (72) is also provided with an adjustment component (8) for driving the stirring blades (722) to move closer to or away from the central support rod (72). When the stirring blades (722) move away from the central support rod (72), the outer side wall of the stirring blades (722) can abut against the inner side wall of the washing tank body (5).

9. The comprehensive utilization and disposal device for waste incineration fly ash according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of first rods (723) are arranged on the side wall of the central support rod (72), a second rod (724) is slidably arranged inside the first rod (723), one end of the second rod (724) extending out of the first rod (723) is connected to the stirring blade (722), the adjustment component (8) comprises a second motor (81) arranged in the central support rod (72), an adjustment disk (82) rotatably arranged in the central support rod (72), and a linkage column (83) arranged on the second rod (724), the output shaft of the second motor (81) is coaxially connected to the adjustment disk (82), the adjustment disk (82) is provided with an arc-shaped adjustment groove (821), and the linkage column (83) is slidably inserted in the adjustment groove (821).

10. A method for comprehensive utilization of fly ash from garbage incineration, characterized in that: The method of using the waste incineration fly ash comprehensive utilization and disposal device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: S1: using a water washing desalination unit (1) to perform a three-stage water washing treatment on the fly ash; S11: sending fly ash into the primary water washing tank (11) for dissolution, water washing and dechlorination, and then sending the primary mixed liquid generated after water washing into the primary horizontal screw centrifuge (12) for solid-liquid separation; the primary water washing residue after separation is sent to the secondary water washing tank (13) via the primary residue sending pipe (121), and the primary water washing liquid after separation is sent to the washing liquid purification unit (2) via the primary liquid outlet pipe (122); S12: the secondary washing tank (13) performs secondary washing on the primary washing residue, and then sends the secondary mixed liquid generated after the washing into the secondary horizontal screw centrifuge (14) for solid-liquid separation; the separated secondary washing residue is sent to the tertiary washing tank (15) via the secondary residue sending pipe (141), and the separated secondary washing liquid is refluxed to the primary washing tank (11) via the secondary liquid return pipe (142); S13: the tertiary washing tank (15) washes the secondary washing slag three times, and then sends the tertiary mixed liquid generated after the washing into the tertiary horizontal screw centrifuge (16) for solid-liquid separation; the separated tertiary washing slag is sent to subsequent processing equipment through the tertiary slag sending pipe (161) for resource processing, and the separated tertiary washing liquid is refluxed to the secondary washing tank (13) through the tertiary liquid return pipe (162); S2: removing heavy metal ions in the primary water washing liquid through the water washing liquid purification unit (2); S3: extracting the sodium potassium salt from the primary water washing liquid through the evaporation salt production unit (3).

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