Rapid degumming and discharging integrated method for scrapped battery

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid degumming and discharging integrated method for a scrapped battery, which comprises the following steps: S1, disassembling and clamping a scrapped battery cell to obtain a clamped battery cell; s2, dipping the clamped battery cell in the mixture for degumming and discharging to obtain a recycled battery cell; the mixture comprises a degumming solution and a discharging solution; according to the method, the clamped battery cell is soaked in the mixture containing the glue removing solution and the discharging solution, so that the glue removing and discharging integrated operation is realized, the scrapped battery is subjected to rapid glue removing and thorough discharging through a one-step process, the glue removing and discharging time is shortened, and the efficiency and safety of the crushing and recycling process are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of battery recycling, and in particular to an integrated method for rapid glue removal and discharge of scrapped batteries. Background Art

[0002] At present, scrapped lithium batteries contain a large amount of heavy metal elements such as lithium, nickel, cobalt, and manganese. If they are not treated, they will cause large-scale pollution. In order to solve the problem of difficult treatment of scrapped batteries, relevant technologies will crush and recycle scrapped batteries. After multiple treatments, battery raw materials such as lithium carbonate and cobalt carbonate can be obtained, which can effectively alleviate environmental pollution and improve material utilization.

[0003] To ensure the safety of the recycling process, scrapped batteries must be completely discharged before they are crushed to reduce the chemical energy inside the battery and avoid risks such as deflagration and explosion during the crushing process. The traditional discharge process of scrapped batteries is to directly immerse the scrapped batteries in a discharge tank and add a large amount of inorganic discharge solution. The electrolyte in the solution forms a pathway for the scrapped batteries and discharges quickly through a short circuit. However, with the popularization of CTP battery packs, a large amount of adhesive is used in the assembly process of the battery pack. The surface of some battery tabs is covered with adhesive and cannot be completely discharged in the discharge solution, resulting in a sudden loss of control of the subsequent crushing process, bringing uncontrollable risks such as deflagration and explosion.

[0004] In order to ensure the safety of the crushing process, effective means need to be proposed to deeply discharge the scrapped batteries to avoid the safety hazards caused by the residual power of the scrapped batteries during the crushing process. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present application provides an integrated method for rapid glue removal and discharge of scrapped batteries, which is used to solve the problem of how to achieve deep discharge of scrapped batteries.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present application provides an integrated method for rapid glue removal and discharge of scrapped batteries, comprising the following steps: S1. Disassemble and clamp the scrapped battery cells to obtain clamped battery cells; S2. Immersing the clamped battery cell in a mixture for simultaneous degumming and discharging to obtain a recycled battery cell; the mixture includes a degumming solution and a discharging solution.

[0007] Preferably, the degumming solution comprises one or more of cyclohexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, and dichloromethane, and one or more of sulfonate, sulfate ester, carboxylate, fatty amine, and quaternary ammonium salt anionic and cationic surfactants.

[0008] Preferably, the discharge solution comprises water and one or more of hydrochloride, carbonate, sulfate, hydroxide compounds of sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium.

[0009] Preferably, the volume of the degumming solution is 10-25% of the volume of the mixture.

[0010] Preferably, the method further comprises the step of collecting residual glue after the glue removal and discharge treatment.

[0011] Preferably, the scrapped battery cell contains a binder, and the coverage of the binder accounts for 10-100% of the surface area of ​​the scrapped battery cell.

[0012] Preferably, the immersion time is 10-18 hours.

[0013] Preferably, the method further comprises crushing and sorting the recycled battery cells.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present application provides a recycled battery cell.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the present application realizes the integrated operation of degumming and discharging by immersing the clamped battery cells in a mixture containing a degumming solution and a discharging solution, and quickly degummes and thoroughly discharges the scrapped batteries through a one-step process, thereby shortening the time for degumming and discharging and improving the efficiency and safety of the crushing and recycling process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0017] In the process of discharging scrapped batteries, the binder at the electrode ears in the discharge tank will prevent the electrolyte from forming a path with the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, reducing the battery discharge efficiency and causing the scrapped batteries to be unable to be completely discharged. The residual power in the subsequent battery crushing process may cause explosions and cause safety problems.

[0018] When the battery cell pole is completely covered by adhesive, it cannot effectively contact the discharge medium, so the discharge rate is slow and the time is greater than 72 hours. There is still residual electricity, which leads to the risk of explosion and fire in the subsequent crushing process. When the battery cell pole is partially covered by adhesive, the discharge rate is slow and the time is greater than 36 hours due to insufficient contact with the discharge medium.

[0019] Based on this, this application was created.

[0020] The present application provides an integrated method for rapid glue removal and discharge of scrapped batteries, comprising the following steps: S1. Disassemble and clamp the scrapped battery cells to obtain clamped battery cells; S2. Immersing the clamped battery cell in the mixture for simultaneous degumming and discharge to obtain a recycled battery cell; Mix the adhesive removal solution and the discharge solution.

[0021] In the present application, after the adhesive of the battery cell is debonded, it can effectively contact the discharge medium. At the same time, the discharge process is accompanied by heat generation, which increases the temperature of the solution in the integrated reactor and further accelerates the discharge process, shortening the discharge time.

[0022] The present application realizes integrated degumming and discharging operations by immersing the clamped battery cells in a mixture containing mutually incompatible degumming solutions and discharging solutions, and then utilizes dispersion and emulsification to realize the degumming and discharging integrated operations. The scrapped batteries can be quickly degummed and thoroughly discharged through a one-step process, thereby shortening the degumming and discharging time and improving the efficiency and safety of the crushing and recycling process.

[0023] In some embodiments, the degumming solution includes one or more of cyclohexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, and dichloromethane organic solvents, and one or more of sulfonate, sulfate ester, carboxylate, fatty amine, and quaternary ammonium salt anionic and cationic surfactants, wherein the mass proportion of the surfactant is 1-5% of the degumming solution.

[0024] The adhesive remover of the present application has a strong effect of reducing the surface bonding strength and self-structure of the adhesive, and can quickly remove the adhesive. The adhesive of the present application is a common reagent in the field.

[0025] In some embodiments, the discharge solution includes water and one or more of hydrochloride, carbonate, sulfate, hydroxide, sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium compounds.

[0026] The discharge solution of the present application can form a pathway for scrapped batteries, discharge quickly and release heat. The heat generated during the discharge process will heat the solution in the entire reactor, and the heating is beneficial to accelerate the dissolution of the gelatin.

[0027] In some embodiments, the volume of the debonding solution is 10-25% of the volume of the discharge solution.

[0028] Under the condition that the adhesive of the battery cell pole is completely removed, the solution in the reactor of the present application is mainly composed of discharge medium, so as to ensure that the scrapped battery is effectively discharged.

[0029] In some embodiments, the method further includes the step of collecting residual adhesive after the adhesive removal and discharge treatment.

[0030] The present invention can quickly collect the residual glue and residue after the residual glue suspension solution reaches the top, so as to realize the reuse of the degumming solution, reduce the production cost and reduce the pollution of organic solvent.

[0031] In some embodiments, the immersion process is: after directly immersing the clamped battery cell in a mixture of a degumming solution and a discharging solution, the two immiscible phases of the solution are quickly mixed by a high-speed disperser and an emulsifier to ensure that the battery cell undergoes the degumming and discharging processes at the same time.

[0032] The above operation is conducive to deep discharge of scrapped batteries, quickly reducing battery activity, and utilizing the discharge solution to absorb a large amount of heat during the discharge process, thereby improving discharge efficiency and operational safety.

[0033] In the present application, the glue of the clamped battery cells is quickly removed by an integrated glue removal and discharge method, and the battery cells after glue removal can also enter the discharge solution to form a passage, thereby completing the complete discharge of the scrapped battery.

[0034] Preferably, the scrapped battery cell contains a binder, and the coverage of the binder accounts for more than 10% of the surface area of ​​the scrapped battery cell.

[0035] Preferably, the immersion time is 10-18 hours.

[0036] Preferably, the method further includes crushing and sorting the recycled battery cells.

[0037] In a second aspect, the present application provides a recycled battery cell, which does not contain a binder.

[0038] The present solution is further described below through specific embodiments.

[0039] Source of raw materials Glue removal solution 1: prepared by mixing sodium sulfonate and dichloromethane in a mass ratio of 1::100; Discharge solution: 1: Mix sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and sodium sulfate aqueous solution in a ratio of 1:1, and make the total concentration of the discharge medium 10%.

[0040] Glue removal solution 2: prepared by mixing fatty amine and cyclohexane in a mass ratio of 5::100; Discharge solution 2: Mix magnesium hydroxide aqueous solution and sodium carbonate aqueous solution in a ratio of 1:2, and make the total concentration of the discharge medium 5%.

[0041] Example 1 A method for quick glue removal and discharge of scrapped batteries, comprising the following steps: S1. The scrapped battery cell with a surface area coverage of 30% of the binder is disassembled and clamped by a fixture to obtain a clamped battery cell; S2. Load 20% volume fraction of degumming solution 1 and 80% volume fraction of discharging solution 1 in a degumming discharge tank to obtain a mixture, and then immerse the clamped battery cell in the mixture for 12 hours. During the immersion, the two immiscible phases of the solution are quickly mixed by a high-speed disperser and an emulsifier, and a one-step degumming and discharging treatment is performed to obtain a recovered battery cell; collect the residual glue in the degumming discharge tank after the degumming and discharging treatment, and crush and sort the recovered battery cell.

[0042] Example 2 A method for quick glue removal and discharge of scrapped batteries, comprising the following steps: S1. The scrapped battery cell with a surface area coverage of 50% of the binder is disassembled and clamped by a fixture to obtain a clamped battery cell; S2. A mixture of 15% by volume of degumming solution 2 and 85% by volume of discharging solution 2 is loaded in a degumming discharge tank, and then the clamped battery cells are immersed in the mixture for 14 hours. During the immersion, the two immiscible phases of the solution are quickly mixed by a high-speed disperser and an emulsifier, and a one-step degumming and discharging treatment is performed to obtain a recovered battery cell; the residual glue in the degumming discharge tank after the degumming and discharging treatment is collected, and the recovered battery cells are crushed and sorted.

[0043] Example 3 A method for quick glue removal and discharge of scrapped batteries, comprising the following steps: S1. The scrapped battery cell with a surface area coverage of 80% of the binder is disassembled and clamped by a fixture to obtain a clamped battery cell; S2. Load 20% volume fraction of degumming solution 2 and 80% volume fraction of discharging solution 1 in a degumming discharge tank to obtain a mixture, and then immerse the clamped battery cell in the mixture for 18 hours. During the immersion, the two immiscible phases of the solution are quickly mixed by a high-speed disperser and an emulsifier, and a one-step degumming and discharging treatment is performed to obtain a recovered battery cell; collect the residual glue in the degumming discharge tank after the degumming and discharging treatment, and crush and sort the recovered battery cell.

[0044] Comparative Example 1 A method for treating scrapped batteries, the other contents of which are the same as those of Example 1, except that the mixture does not include a discharge solution, and the immersion time of the clamped battery cell is 25 hours.

[0045] Comparative Example 2 A method for treating scrapped batteries, the other contents of which are the same as those of Example 1, except that the mixture does not include a degumming solution.

[0046] Test and Evaluation Comparative Example 2 was unable to obtain recycled battery cells. The rubber content of the recycled battery cells obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 was tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1 Glue content test results

[0048] The present application realizes integrated degumming and discharging operations by immersing the clamped battery cells in a mixture containing mutually incompatible degumming solutions and discharging solutions. The scrapped batteries are quickly degummed and thoroughly discharged through a one-step process, thereby shortening the degumming and discharging time and improving the efficiency and safety of the crushing and recycling process.

[0049] The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid glue removal and discharge of scrapped batteries, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Disassemble and clamp the scrapped battery cells to obtain clamped battery cells; S2. The clamped battery cell is immersed in the mixture for simultaneous degumming and discharge to obtain a recovered battery cell; The mixture includes a debonding solution and a discharging solution.

2. The integrated method for rapid glue removal and discharge of scrapped batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The degumming solution comprises one or more of cyclohexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, and dichloromethane, and one or more of sulfonate, sulfate ester, carboxylate, fatty amine, and quaternary ammonium salt anionic and cationic surfactants.

3. The integrated method for rapid glue removal and discharge of scrapped batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge solution includes water and one or more of hydrochloride, carbonate, sulfate, hydroxide, sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium compounds.

4. The integrated method for rapid glue removal and discharge of scrapped batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of the degumming solution is 10-25% of the volume of the mixture.

5. The integrated method for rapid glue removal and discharge of scrapped batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes the steps of collecting residual glue after the glue removal and discharge treatment.

6. The integrated method for rapid glue removal and discharge of scrapped batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scrapped battery core contains a binder, and the coverage rate of the binder accounts for 10-100% of the surface area of ​​the scrapped battery core.

7. The integrated method for rapid glue removal and discharge of scrapped batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The immersion time is 10-18 hours.

8. The integrated method for rapid glue removal and discharge of scrapped batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes crushing and sorting the recycled battery cells.

9. A recycled battery cell obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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