Gear shaping tool and process for thin-wall duplicate gear

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of thin-wall duplicate gears, in particular to a gear shaping tool and process for a thin-wall duplicate gear, and the gear shaping tool comprises a bottom plate which is connected to a positioning surface of a machine tool spindle through a T-shaped groove by using a bolt. According to the gear shaping tool and technology for the thin-wall duplicate gear, the expansion center supports an inner hole of a thin-wall part, clamping deformation of the part is reduced, the tightening force for uniform expansion of the inner hole of the part is stable, it is guaranteed that stress is uniform in the machining process, the influence of clamping deformation in the upper field and the lower field is eliminated, and high-precision repeated positioning is achieved; the upper and lower field clamping of the part can be realized only by the central expansion bolt, so that the operation is very convenient; clamping operation can be achieved through the expansion bolts, linkage positioning can be conducted through cooperation of the expansion bolts and the infrared positioning monitoring module in the bottom plate, and therefore the concentricity between the clamping mechanism and the bottom plate is improved and guaranteed, real-time monitoring can be conducted, and stability can be conveniently kept in the machining process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of thin-walled duplex gears, in particular to a gear shaping tool and process for thin-walled duplex gears. Background Art

[0002] Thin-walled duplex gears are widely used in precision reducers for robots, and their processing accuracy has an important impact on the performance of precision reducers for robots. In addition to the gear tooth accuracy requirements of the duplex gears, the gears at both ends of the gears and the outer circle of the bearings on both ends also have higher concentricity requirements. Due to the particularity of the structure of the duplex gears themselves, although the large end gears can be processed by conventional hobbing roughing and grinding finishing processes, the small end gears cannot be processed by hobbing and grinding processes due to the interference of the structure itself. Gear shaping can be achieved, but it cannot be finished after heating, so higher requirements are placed on the accuracy of gear shaping. Since the duplex gears are thin-walled structures, conventional clamping methods can easily cause deformation of the workpiece, and high-precision gears cannot be processed. Therefore, when processing the small tooth end by gear shaping, higher requirements are placed on the clamping method of the tooling. The current gear shaping tooling cannot quickly remove impurities on the surface during installation, and the processing debris at the small tooth end can easily accumulate at the bottom, thereby affecting the surface processing accuracy of the bottom. At the same time, the relative position of the matching cannot be accurately located during the clamping process, resulting in uncontrollable clamping accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: the conventional clamping method can easily cause deformation of the workpiece, and it is impossible to process high-precision gears; and during the installation process, it is impossible to quickly remove impurities on the surface, and the processing debris at the small tooth end can easily accumulate at the bottom, thereby affecting the surface processing accuracy of the bottom. At the same time, during the clamping process, it is impossible to accurately locate the relative position of the mating, resulting in the inability to control the clamping accuracy.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a thin-walled double gear slotting tool, including a base plate connected to the main shaft positioning surface of a machine tool by bolts through a T-slot, the base plate is provided with 6 evenly distributed threaded holes, the internal threads of the threaded holes are equipped with fine-tuning screws, an expansion sleeve is fixed to the base plate by connecting screws, an expansion block is fixedly installed inside the upper opening of the expansion sleeve by tightening bolts, an embedded electric control adjustment ring is slidably installed on the upper surface of the base plate, the upper surface of the embedded electric control adjustment ring has an upwardly protruding longitudinal assembly frame, a lateral slag cleaning nozzle is fixedly installed on the longitudinal assembly frame, and an infrared positioning monitoring module is installed at the center of the base plate.

[0005] A central internal threaded hole for installing an infrared positioning monitoring module is provided at the center of the upper surface of the bottom plate, and an upper positioning groove matching with the expansion sleeve is provided at the upper opening of the central internal threaded hole.

[0006] The upper end of the expansion sleeve is provided with an inner conical groove matched with the expansion block, the expansion block is inserted with an expansion bolt, and the lower end of the expansion bolt is inserted into the middle internal threaded hole and fixed with the bottom plate thread.

[0007] An embedded positioning lens connected to the infrared positioning monitoring module is fixedly mounted at the center of the lower surface of the expansion bolt.

[0008] An elastic retaining ring matched with the expansion block is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the inner conical groove.

[0009] The upper surface of the bottom plate is provided with an annular sinking groove which cooperates with the embedded electric control adjustment ring. The embedded electric control adjustment ring includes an inner adjustment ring which is slidably inserted into the annular sinking groove, a top adjustment motor which is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the inner adjustment ring, and an inner adjustment gear which is axially fixed on the output shaft at the lower end of the top adjustment motor. An annular adjustment tooth groove which cooperates with the inner adjustment gear is provided on the inner arc surface of the annular sinking groove.

[0010] An elastic telescopic limiting frame matching with the fine-tuning screw is elastically assembled on the upper surface of the bottom plate at the outer side of the threaded hole.

[0011] A rivet made of red copper is installed on the head of the fine-tuning screw.

[0012] The elastic telescopic limiting frame is provided with a limiting frame of an integral structure matched with a screw cap at the upper end of the fine-tuning screw.

[0013] A gear shaping process for thin-walled duplex gears, using the fine-tuning screws, base plates, expansion sleeves, elastic retaining rings, expansion blocks, and expansion bolts of claims 1 to 8; First, the base plate is preassembled, six fine-tuning screws are installed on the base plate in advance, and the expansion sleeve is fixed to the base plate through connecting bolts. The lower end of the expansion sleeve is protruding with a stopper, which cooperates with the upper positioning groove on the base plate to initially ensure the concentricity of the expansion sleeve and the base plate. The preassembled base plate and expansion sleeve are hoisted to the machine tool workbench; After the expansion block is inserted into the expansion bolt, use a special tool to install the shaft elastic ring onto the expansion bolt. The expansion bolt is screwed into the central internal threaded hole on the bottom plate. At this time, it is screwed firmly and the expansion block does not need to be tightened against the expansion sleeve. Put the first workpiece onto the expansion sleeve, tighten the expansion bolt in the middle to drive the expansion block downward, gradually expand the elastic expansion sleeve outward, and gradually tighten the inner wall of the workpiece. The infrared positioning monitoring module emits light upward to the embedded positioning lens and reflects it back. The angle of the reflected light is used to determine whether the relative position of the workpiece and the base plate is qualified. Then, a micrometer is used to perform radial alignment and horizontal leveling. The position of the base plate on the workbench and alignment and leveling can be assisted by controlling the fine-tuning screw. After the workpiece is processed, tighten the expansion bolt and gradually lift the expansion block together with the elastic retaining ring, so that the expansion sleeve will gradually shrink, and the workpiece can be easily removed after it is loosened; When it is necessary to replace other types of thin-walled duplex gears for processing, the base plate still does not need to be removed. Only the connecting bolts need to be removed, and the part above the expansion sleeve can be taken out and replaced with expansion sleeves of other specifications of tooling.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The present invention provides a thin-walled duplex gear shaping tool and process, wherein the expansion core supports the inner hole of the thin-walled part, thereby reducing the clamping deformation of the part. The inner hole of the part is uniformly expanded and tightened with a stable tightening force, thereby ensuring uniform force during the processing, eliminating the influence of upper and lower field clamping deformation, and achieving high-precision repeated positioning. (2) The upper and lower clamping of parts can be achieved only by the central expansion bolt, which is extremely convenient to operate; (3) The expansion bolts can not only realize the clamping operation, but also cooperate with the infrared positioning monitoring module in the base plate for linkage positioning, thereby improving the concentricity between the clamping mechanism and the base plate, and can perform real-time monitoring, which is convenient for maintaining stability during the processing; (4) The concentricity accuracy of the entire tooling workpiece system is high. After the first piece of the fixture is adjusted to the accurate position on the machine tool, the subsequent batches only need to replace the parts, without repeated alignment, thus improving the efficiency of product changeover; (5) An embedded electrically controlled adjustment ring with a longitudinal assembly frame at the upper end is slidably mounted on the upper surface of the bottom plate. The lateral slag removal nozzle on the longitudinal assembly frame can be used to quickly remove the slag from the processing position, thereby improving the processing accuracy and avoiding affecting the processing surface of the lower layer; (6) The longitudinal assembly frame can not only be installed with a lateral slag cleaning nozzle, but also with an optical monitoring probe or other functional equipment as needed, which greatly improves the functional expansion and is very convenient to operate; (7) The entire device is small in size and compact in structure. The positioning mechanism is set inside, and the external processing process will not affect the monitoring accuracy, thereby improving the accuracy and durability of the optical monitoring equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the elastic telescopic limiting frame in the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the embedded electric control regulating ring in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The shown thin-walled double gear slotting tool comprises a base plate 1 connected to the main spindle positioning surface of the machine tool by bolts through a T-slot, the base plate 1 is provided with 6 evenly distributed threaded holes, which are staggered with the positions of the mounting bolts, the threaded holes are internally threaded with fine-tuning screws 2, an expansion sleeve 3 is fixed to the base plate 1 by connecting screws, an expansion block 5 is fixedly installed inside the upper opening of the expansion sleeve 3 by a tightening bolt 4, an embedded electric control adjustment ring 6 is slidably installed on the upper surface of the base plate 1, the upper surface of the embedded electric control adjustment ring 6 has a longitudinal assembly frame 7 protruding upward, a lateral slag cleaning nozzle 8 is fixedly installed on the longitudinal assembly frame 7, and an infrared positioning monitoring module 9 is installed at the center of the base plate 1.

[0022] In order to cooperate with internal assembly and top limit, a central internal threaded hole for installing the infrared positioning monitoring module 9 is opened at the center of the upper surface of the base plate 1, and an upper positioning groove matching the expansion sleeve 3 is opened at the upper opening of the central internal threaded hole.

[0023] The expansion sleeve 3 is inserted into the upper positioning groove through the lower end stop to cooperate with the bottom plate 1.

[0024] In order to facilitate assembly and control, an inner conical groove matching with the expansion block 5 is provided at the upper end of the expansion sleeve 3, and a tensioning bolt 4 is inserted into the expansion block 5. The lower end of the tensioning bolt 4 is inserted into the central internal threaded hole and threadedly fixed to the base plate 1.

[0025] The inner side of the expansion sleeve 3 is processed into an inner conical groove with a conical surface of a specific angle, which cooperates with the expansion block 5. The expansion and contraction of the expansion sleeve 3 are achieved by the up and down movement of the expansion block 5.

[0026] In order to coordinate the positioning, an embedded positioning lens 10 is fixedly mounted at the center of the lower surface of the tension bolt 4 and is connected to the infrared positioning monitoring module 9 .

[0027] The infrared positioning monitoring module 9 emits light upward, and then uses the embedded positioning lens 10 to reflect it downward, and then the infrared positioning monitoring module 9 receives it to perform position positioning. Once the expansion sleeve 3 and the expansion block 5 at the upper end are deflected, the reflected light will be deflected, and the infrared positioning monitoring module 9 will not be able to receive it. At this time, it can be determined that the relative position of the workpiece and the base plate 1 is deflected.

[0028] In order to improve the assembly stability, an elastic retaining ring 11 matching with the expansion block 5 is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the inner conical groove.

[0029] In order to facilitate assembly adjustment, an annular sunken groove matching with the embedded electric control adjustment ring 6 is opened on the upper surface of the base plate 1. The embedded electric control adjustment ring 6 includes an inner adjustment ring 61 slidably inserted in the annular sunken groove, a top adjustment motor 62 fixedly installed on the upper end of the inner adjustment ring 61, and an inner adjustment gear 63 axially fixed on the output shaft at the lower end of the top adjustment motor 62. An annular adjustment tooth groove 12 matching with the inner adjustment gear 63 is opened on the inner arc surface of the annular sunken groove.

[0030] The top adjustment motor 62 drives the inner adjustment gear 63 to rotate, thereby controlling and driving the inner adjustment ring 61 to adjust inside the annular sinking groove, and the inner adjustment gear 63 and the annular adjustment tooth groove 12 are meshed with each other.

[0031] In order to improve the elastic limiting capability, an elastic telescopic limiting frame 13 cooperating with the fine-tuning screw 2 is elastically assembled on the upper surface of the base plate 1 outside the threaded hole.

[0032] An internal telescopic groove is provided on the upper surface of the base plate 1, and a bottom internal threaded hole connected to the internal telescopic groove is provided on the lower surface of the base plate 1. The elastic telescopic limit frame includes a bottom bolt threadedly inserted into the bottom internal threaded hole, an overhead extrusion spring installed on the top of the bottom bolt, and a telescopic frame inserted into the internal telescopic groove. The upper end of the overhead extrusion spring squeezes the upper part of the telescopic frame, and the lower end of the telescopic frame is provided with a mounting slot matched with the overhead extrusion spring. The overhead extrusion spring is inserted into the mounting slot and connected to the telescopic frame.

[0033] In order to avoid wear on the bottom processing surface, a rivet made of copper material is installed on the head of the fine-tuning screw 2.

[0034] During fine-tuning, the rivets made of soft material are pressed against the surface of the workbench to prevent the workbench from being scratched.

[0035] In order to cooperate with the lateral limitation, the elastic telescopic limiting frame 13 has a limiting frame 14 of an integrated structure that matches with the screw cap at the upper end of the fine-tuning screw 2 .

[0036] When the elastic telescopic limit frame 13 is elastically squeezed upward, the limit frame 14 will fit against the outside of the screw cap on the upper end of the fine-tuning screw 2, so that the angle of the fine-tuning screw 2 is locked. Only by pressing the elastic telescopic limit frame 13 downward to separate the limit frame 14 from the screw cap on the upper end of the fine-tuning screw 2 can the rotation of the fine-tuning screw 2 be controlled normally.

[0037] A gear shaping process for thin-walled duplex gears, using the fine-tuning screw 2, base plate 1, expansion sleeve 3, elastic retaining ring 11, expansion block 5, and tension bolt 4 of claims 1-8; First, the base plate 1 is preassembled, six fine-tuning screws 2 are installed on the base plate 1 in advance, and the expansion sleeve 3 is fixedly connected to the base plate 1 through connecting bolts. A stopper is protruded at the lower end of the expansion sleeve 3, which cooperates with the upper positioning groove on the base plate 1 to preliminarily ensure the concentricity of the expansion sleeve 3 and the base plate 1. The preassembled base plate 1 and the expansion sleeve 3 are hoisted onto the machine tool workbench; After the expansion block 5 is inserted into the expansion bolt 4, a special tool is used to install the shaft elastic circlip 11 onto the expansion bolt 4. The expansion bolt 4 is screwed into the central internal threaded hole on the bottom plate 1. At this time, it is screwed firmly and the expansion block 5 does not need to be tightened against the expansion sleeve 3. Put the first workpiece onto the expansion sleeve 3, tighten the expansion bolt 4 in the middle to drive the expansion block 5 to move downward, gradually expand the elastic expansion sleeve 3 outward, so as to gradually expand the inner wall of the workpiece, and emit light upward to the embedded positioning lens 10 through the infrared positioning monitoring module 9 and reflect it back. The relative position of the workpiece and the base plate 1 is judged to be qualified by the angle of the reflected light, and then the radial alignment and horizontal leveling are performed with the micrometer. The position of the base plate 1 on the workbench and the alignment and leveling can be assisted by controlling the fine-tuning screw 2; After the workpiece is processed, the expansion bolt 4 is screwed upward and the expansion block 5 is gradually lifted out together with the elastic retaining ring 11, so that the expansion sleeve 3 will gradually shrink until the workpiece is loosened and the workpiece can be easily removed; When other types of thin-walled duplex gears need to be replaced for processing, the base plate 1 still does not need to be removed. Only the connecting bolts need to be removed, and the part above the expansion sleeve 3 is taken out and replaced with the expansion sleeve 3 for other specifications of tooling.

[0038] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A gear shaping tool for thin-walled duplex gears, comprising a base plate (1) connected to a positioning surface of a machine tool spindle by bolts through a T-slot, wherein: The bottom plate (1) is provided with 6 threaded holes evenly spaced apart, the inner threads of the threaded holes are threadedly mounted with fine-tuning screws (2), an expansion sleeve (3) is fixed to the bottom plate (1) via connecting screws, an expansion block (5) is fixedly mounted inside the upper opening of the expansion sleeve (3) via a tightening bolt (4), an embedded electric control adjustment ring (6) is slidably mounted on the upper surface of the bottom plate (1), the upper surface of the embedded electric control adjustment ring (6) has an upwardly protruding longitudinal assembly frame (7), a lateral slag cleaning nozzle (8) is fixedly mounted on the longitudinal assembly frame (7), and an infrared positioning monitoring module (9) is mounted at the center of the bottom plate (1).

2. The gear shaping tool for thin-walled duplex gears according to claim 1 is characterized by: A central internal threaded hole for mounting an infrared positioning monitoring module (9) is provided at the center of the upper surface of the base plate (1), and an upper positioning groove matching the expansion sleeve (3) is provided at the upper opening of the central internal threaded hole.

3. The gear shaping tool for thin-walled duplex gears according to claim 2 is characterized by: The upper end of the expansion sleeve (3) is provided with an inner conical groove that matches the expansion block (5); the expansion block (5) is internally inserted with an expansion bolt (4); the lower end of the expansion bolt (4) is inserted into the central internal threaded hole and threadedly fixed to the base plate (1).

4. The gear shaping tool for thin-walled duplex gears according to claim 3 is characterized by: An embedded positioning lens (10) connected to the infrared positioning monitoring module (9) is fixedly mounted at the center of the lower surface of the expansion bolt (4).

5. The gear shaping tool for thin-walled duplex gears according to claim 3 is characterized by: An elastic retaining ring (11) matching with the expansion block (5) is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the inner conical groove.

6. The gear shaping tool for thin-walled duplex gears according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the bottom plate (1) is provided with an annular sunken groove that matches with the embedded electric control adjustment ring (6); the embedded electric control adjustment ring (6) comprises an inner adjustment ring (61) slidably inserted in the annular sunken groove, a top adjustment motor (62) fixedly mounted on the upper end of the inner adjustment ring (61), and an inner adjustment gear (63) axially fixed on the output shaft at the lower end of the top adjustment motor (62); an annular adjustment tooth groove (12) that matches with the inner adjustment gear (63) is provided on the inner arc surface of the annular sunken groove.

7. The gear shaping tool for thin-walled duplex gears according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic telescopic limiting frame (13) matching with the fine-tuning screw (2) is elastically mounted on the upper surface of the bottom plate (1) outside the threaded hole.

8. The gear shaping tool for thin-walled duplex gears according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rivet made of red copper is mounted on the head of the fine-tuning screw (2).

9. The gear shaping tool for thin-walled duplex gears according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic telescopic limiting frame (13) has a limiting frame (14) of an integral structure that matches the screw cap at the upper end of the fine-tuning screw (2).

10. A gear shaping process for thin-walled duplex gears, characterized in that: The fine-tuning screw (2), base plate (1), expansion sleeve (3), elastic retaining ring (11), expansion block (5), and tensioning bolt (4) of claims 1 to 8 are adopted; First, the base plate (1) is pre-assembled, six fine-adjustment screws (2) are pre-installed on the base plate (1), the expansion sleeve (3) is fixedly connected to the base plate (1) by connecting bolts, the lower end of the expansion sleeve (3) is protruded with a stopper, which cooperates with the upper positioning groove on the base plate (1) to initially ensure the concentricity of the expansion sleeve (3) and the base plate (1), and the pre-assembled base plate (1) and the expansion sleeve (3) are hoisted onto the machine tool workbench; After the expansion block (5) is inserted into the expansion bolt (4), a special tool is used to install the shaft elastic ring (11) onto the expansion bolt (4). The expansion bolt (4) is screwed into the central internal threaded hole on the bottom plate (1). At this time, it is screwed until it is firmly fixed and the expansion block (5) does not need to be pressed against the expansion sleeve (3); The first workpiece is put on the expansion sleeve (3), and the expansion block (5) is driven downward by tightening the expansion bolt (4) in the middle, so that the elastic expansion sleeve (3) is gradually stretched outward, thereby gradually tightening the inner wall of the workpiece, and the infrared positioning monitoring module (9) emits light upward to the embedded positioning lens (10) and reflects it back. The angle of the reflected light is used to determine whether the relative position of the workpiece and the base plate (1) is qualified, and then the micrometer is used to perform radial alignment and horizontal leveling. By controlling the fine-tuning screw (2), the position of the base plate (1) on the workbench can be adjusted and the alignment and leveling can be assisted; After the workpiece is processed, the expansion bolt (4) is screwed upward and the expansion block (5) is gradually lifted out together with the elastic retaining ring (11), so that the expansion sleeve (3) will gradually shrink until the workpiece is loosened and the workpiece can be easily removed.

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