Characteristic producing and machining method for curved-surface special-shaped part

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of curved-surface special-shaped part production and machining, and particularly relates to a special curved-surface special-shaped part production and machining method which comprises the following steps that S1, a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a part rotary body is manufactured according to the longitudinal section of a to-be-machined part; s2, a part revolving body blank is obtained according to the manufactured part revolving body three-dimensional schematic diagram; s3, the two end faces, the inner curved surface and the outer curved surface of the part rotary body blank are turned through a precise numerical control lathe; s4, cutting the turned part rotary body blank into a plurality of independent part blanks by adopting cutting equipment; and S5, milling equipment is adopted for conducting size and chamfer forming machining on all the segmented part blanks, and then the whole machining process of the part to be machined is completed. According to the invention, the to-be-processed part is generated into the rotary body and is segmented, so that complex, low-efficiency and low-precision milling can be converted into simple, efficient and high-precision turning, and the processing efficiency and the processing quality of the workpiece are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a special production and processing method for curved surface special-shaped parts, and belongs to the technical field of production and processing of curved surface special-shaped parts. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology, intelligence and information technology have entered a stage of rapid development. The appearance of parts has become more and more complex, and there are more and more types of curved, spherical, and special-shaped parts. This has put forward strict requirements on the processing methods of parts. In particular, some special-shaped parts with an overall curved appearance are more common in the mechanical processing manufacturing industry. For such parts, the production and processing methods commonly used in the prior art are: using a machining center to process by milling. For example, a processing method for curved parts disclosed in application publication number CN105290712A, a CNC milling processing method for thin-walled curved special-shaped parts disclosed in application publication number CN105382313A, etc.

[0003] In the process of using a machining center to mill curved and special-shaped parts, since a ball-end cutter is used for processing, the CNC tool path programming is relatively complex, the cutting depth and step settings are relatively small, it takes a long time to process a part, and the processing efficiency is low; and in the process of processing the curved surface, the tool is prone to chattering and trembling, which will result in poor surface finish on the inner and outer surfaces of the processed parts, affecting the production and processing quality of the parts. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a special production and processing method for curved surface special-shaped parts which can improve processing efficiency and processing quality.

[0005] The characteristic production and processing method of the curved surface special-shaped parts described in the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1, making a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the rotating body of the part according to the longitudinal section of the part to be processed;

[0007] S2, obtaining a part rotation body blank according to the manufactured three-dimensional schematic diagram of the part rotation body;

[0008] S3, using a precision CNC lathe to perform turning processing on the two end faces, inner curved surface and outer curved surface of the rotating body blank of the part;

[0009] S4, using a splitting device to split the rotating part blank after turning into a plurality of independent part blanks;

[0010] S5, using milling equipment to perform size and chamfering forming processing on each of the divided parts, that is, completing the entire processing process of the parts to be processed.

[0011] Furthermore, the process of making the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the part rotation body in S1 is specifically as follows: first, use three-dimensional software to cut the part to be processed along the longitudinal center line and project a curve, and then rotate the projected curve one circle to form a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the part rotation body.

[0012] Furthermore, the part rotation body blank obtained in S2 is cylindrical.

[0013] Furthermore, the segmentation of the rotating part blank in S4 is specifically as follows: firstly, the rotating part blank is positioned and clamped by a segmentation tool, and then the segmentation tool is clamped on a segmentation device to perform a segmentation operation on the rotating part blank.

[0014] Furthermore, the splitting tooling includes a splitting body and a splitting top plate, the splitting body is provided with a splitting clamping part and an end face groove, the splitting top plate is provided with an inner positioning hole and a center positioning hole, the splitting body and the splitting top plate are provided with a number of saw blade routing grooves correspondingly, a positioning assembly is provided between the splitting body and the splitting top plate, the outer arc surface of the splitting body is conformally fitted with the inner arc surface of the part rotating body blank, the end face groove and the inner positioning hole are cooperated to position and clamp the part rotating body blank, the positioning assembly is used to ensure that the positions of the saw blade routing grooves on the splitting body and the splitting top plate are consistent during each clamping, the splitting clamping part is used for chuck clamping of the splitting equipment, and the center positioning hole is used for top support of the splitting equipment, thereby completing the clamping of the splitting tooling, and then the saw blade of the splitting equipment can perform a splitting operation on the part rotating body blank through the saw blade routing groove, thereby splitting the part rotating body blank into a number of part blanks.

[0015] Furthermore, the positioning assembly includes a positioning pin connected to the split body, and the split top plate is provided with an alignment positioning hole corresponding to the positioning pin.

[0016] Furthermore, the forming processing of the part blank in S5 is specifically as follows: first, the part blank is clamped by a double-sided milling tool, and then the double-sided milling tool is clamped on the milling equipment to perform double-sided milling and chamfering processing on the part blank, and then the part blank is removed from the double-sided milling tool and clamped in a large-head milling tool, and then the large-head milling tool is clamped on the milling equipment to perform large-head milling and drilling processing on the part blank.

[0017] Furthermore, the double-sided milling tooling includes a double-sided milling body, one end of the double-sided milling body is provided with a double-sided milling clamping part, the other end of the double-sided milling body is provided with a part blank positioning groove, both sides of the part blank positioning groove are provided with flat milling cutter routing grooves, and the double-sided milling body is detachably connected with a first symbol-shaped pressing block and a second symbol-shaped pressing block, the part blank positioning groove is conformed with the two end surfaces and the outer curved surface of the part blank, the bottom surface of the first symbol-shaped pressing block is conformed with the inner curved surface of the big head end of the part blank, and the bottom surface of the second symbol-shaped pressing block is conformed with the inner curved surface of the part blank, and the double-sided milling clamping part is used to clamp on the chuck of the milling equipment, and then the flat milling cutter of the milling equipment can perform double-sided milling and chamfering operations on the part blank through the flat milling cutter routing groove.

[0018] Furthermore, the milling head tooling includes a milling head main body, which is provided with a milling head clamping part and a milling head positioning groove, and a symbol-shaped pressure plate is provided corresponding to the milling head positioning groove. The milling head main body is detachably connected with a plurality of pressure blocks corresponding to the symbol-shaped pressure plate, the bottom surface of the milling head positioning groove is conformally fitted with the outer curved surface of the part blank, the two side surfaces and the tip surface of the part blank are both conformally fitted with the milling head positioning groove, the bottom surface of the symbol-shaped pressure plate is conformally fitted with the inner curved surface of the part blank, and the milling head clamping part is used to be clamped on the chuck of the milling equipment, and then the milling equipment can perform milling and drilling operations on the part blank.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The special production and processing method of curved and special-shaped parts described in the present invention can transform complex, inefficient and low-precision milling processing into simple, efficient and high-precision turning processing by generating a rotating body and dividing the parts to be processed, thereby effectively improving the processing efficiency and processing quality of the workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a part to be processed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary body blank of a part according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a splitting tool in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A top view of

[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a double-sided milling tool in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a milling head tooling in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Split main body; 2. Split clamping part; 3. Saw blade routing groove; 4. Part blank; 5. Split top plate; 6. Center positioning hole; 7. Positioning pin; 8. Alignment positioning hole; 9. End face groove; 10. Inner positioning hole; 11. Milling double-sided main body; 12. Milling double-sided clamping part; 13. Flat milling cutter routing groove; 14. First symbol-shaped pressure block; 15. Second symbol-shaped pressure block; 16. Milling big head main body; 17. Milling big head clamping part; 18. Milling big head positioning groove; 19. Pressure block; 20. Symbol-shaped pressure plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] Taking the production and processing of the tail wing drag sheet as an example, the structure of the tail wing drag sheet is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the original processing method is: use a five-axis machining center to perform milling processing on the blank throughout the process. The process route is milling forming → fixing the total height. A ball-end cutter is used for processing. Layered milling is required, and the cutting depth and step distance are small. The efficiency is low, the processing process is time-consuming, and the ball cutter surface processing process is unstable, and the tool chattering phenomenon occurs, and the roughness is poor. The processing time is about 120 minutes / piece.

[0032] This solution adopts a special processing method of turning instead of milling. The optimized process route is fine turning one end → fine turning the other end → splitting → milling and chamfering → milling the big end and drilling.

[0033] The characteristic production and processing method of the curved surface special-shaped parts described in the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0034] S1, first use 3D software to cut the part to be processed along the longitudinal center line and project a curve, then rotate the projected curve for one circle to produce a 3D schematic diagram of the part's rotation body;

[0035] S2, according to the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the manufactured part rotation body, the part rotation body blank is obtained. The structure of the part rotation body blank is as follows Figure 2 As shown;

[0036] S3, since the part rotating body blank is cylindrical, the two ends can be directly clamped on the chuck of the precision CNC lathe, and the two end faces, inner curved surface and outer curved surface of the part rotating body blank are turned by the precision CNC lathe;

[0037] S4, use splitting tooling to position and clamp the rotating blank of the part, such as Figures 3 to 5As shown, the splitting tool comprises a splitting body 1 and a splitting top plate 5, the splitting body 1 is provided with a splitting clamping portion 2 and an end face groove 9, the splitting top plate 5 is provided with an inner positioning hole 10 and a central positioning hole 6, the splitting body 1 and the splitting top plate 5 are correspondingly provided with a plurality of saw blade routing grooves 3, a positioning component is provided between the splitting body 1 and the splitting top plate 5, the positioning component comprises a positioning pin 7 connected to the splitting body 1, and the splitting top plate 5 is provided with an alignment positioning hole 8 corresponding to the positioning pin 7. Since the positioning pin 7 is eccentrically arranged, the alignment of the saw blade routing groove 3 can be completed by inserting the positioning pin 7 into the alignment positioning hole 8, and the splitting The outer arc surface of the main body 1 is conformed to the inner arc surface of the part rotating body blank, and the end face groove 9 and the inner positioning hole 10 are used to position and clamp the part rotating body blank. The positioning component is used to ensure that the position of the saw blade routing groove 3 on the splitting main body 1 and the splitting top plate 5 is consistent each time the clamping is performed. The splitting clamping part 2 is used for the chuck clamping of the splitting equipment, and the central positioning hole 6 is used for the top top holding of the splitting equipment, so as to complete the clamping of the splitting tooling, and then the saw blade of the splitting equipment can split the part rotating body blank through the saw blade routing groove 3, thereby splitting the part rotating body blank into a plurality of independent part blanks 4;

[0038] S5, firstly, the part blank 4 is clamped by the double-sided milling tooling, such as Figure 6 As shown, the double-sided milling tool comprises a double-sided milling body 11, one end of the double-sided milling body 11 is provided with a double-sided milling clamping part 12, the other end of the double-sided milling body 11 is provided with a part blank positioning groove, both sides of the part blank positioning groove are provided with a flat milling cutter routing groove 13, and the double-sided milling body 11 is detachably connected with a first symbol-shaped pressing block 14 and a second symbol-shaped pressing block 15, the part blank positioning groove is conformed with the two end surfaces and the outer curved surface of the part blank 4, the bottom surface of the first symbol-shaped pressing block 14 is conformed with the inner curved surface of the big head end of the part blank 4, and the bottom surface of the second symbol-shaped pressing block 15 is conformed with the inner curved surface of the part blank 4, the double-sided milling clamping part 12 is used to be clamped on the chuck of the milling equipment, and then the flat milling cutter of the milling equipment can perform double-sided milling and chamfering operations on the part blank 4 through the flat milling cutter routing groove 13; then the part blank 4 is removed from the double-sided milling tooling and clamped in the big head milling tooling, as shown in FIG. Figure 7As shown, the milling head tooling includes a milling head main body 16, on which a milling head clamping portion 17 and a milling head positioning groove 18 are provided, and a symbol-shaped pressure plate 20 is provided corresponding to the milling head positioning groove 18, and the milling head main body 16 is detachably connected with a plurality of pressure blocks 19 corresponding to the symbol-shaped pressure plate 20, the bottom surface of the milling head positioning groove 18 is conformally fitted with the outer curved surface of the part blank 4, the two side surfaces and the tip surface of the part blank 4 are both conformally fitted with the milling head positioning groove 18, and the bottom surface of the symbol-shaped pressure plate 20 is conformally fitted with the inner curved surface of the part blank 4, and the milling head clamping portion 17 is used to be clamped on the chuck of the milling equipment, and then the milling equipment can perform milling and drilling operations on the part blank 4, thereby completing the entire processing process.

[0039] Through the unique processing method of the present invention of replacing milling with turning, the original single-piece processing time of about 120 minutes is reduced to about 30 minutes, greatly improving the processing efficiency.

Claims

1. A special production and processing method for curved surface special-shaped parts, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, making a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the rotating body of the part according to the longitudinal section of the part to be processed; S2, obtaining a part rotation body blank according to the manufactured three-dimensional schematic diagram of the part rotation body; S3, using a precision CNC lathe to perform turning processing on the two end faces, inner curved surface and outer curved surface of the rotating body blank of the part; S4, using a splitting device to split the rotating part blank after turning into a plurality of independent part blanks (4); S5, using milling equipment to perform size and chamfering forming processing on each of the divided component blanks (4), thus completing the entire processing process of the component to be processed.

2. The characteristic production and processing method of curved surface special-shaped parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific process of making the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the part rotation body in S1 is: first, use three-dimensional software to cut the part to be processed along the longitudinal center line and project a curve, and then rotate the projected curve for one circle to form the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the part rotation body.

3. The characteristic production and processing method of curved surface special-shaped parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The part rotation body blank obtained in S2 is cylindrical.

4. The characteristic production and processing method of curved surface special-shaped parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The segmentation of the rotating part blank in S4 is specifically as follows: firstly, the rotating part blank is positioned and clamped by a segmentation tool, and then the segmentation tool is clamped on a segmentation device to perform a segmentation operation on the rotating part blank.

5. The characteristic production and processing method of curved surface special-shaped parts according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The splitting tool comprises a splitting body (1) and a splitting top plate (5); the splitting body (1) is provided with a splitting clamping portion (2) and an end face groove (9); the splitting top plate (5) is provided with an inner positioning hole (10) and a center positioning hole (6); the splitting body (1) and the splitting top plate (5) are provided with a plurality of saw blade routing grooves (3) correspondingly; a positioning component is provided between the splitting body (1) and the splitting top plate (5); the outer arc surface of the splitting body (1) is conformally fitted with the inner arc surface of the part rotating body blank; the end face groove (9) and the inner positioning hole (10) are in a conformal relationship with each other; ) are used to position and clamp the rotating part blank, the positioning assembly is used to ensure that the position of the saw blade routing groove (3) on the splitting main body (1) and the splitting top plate (5) is consistent each time the splitting is clamped, the splitting clamping part (2) is used for the chuck clamping of the splitting equipment, and the center positioning hole (6) is used for the top top support of the splitting equipment, thereby completing the clamping of the splitting tooling, and then the saw blade of the splitting equipment can split the rotating part blank through the saw blade routing groove (3), thereby splitting the rotating part blank into a plurality of part blanks (4).

6. The characteristic production and processing method of curved surface special-shaped parts according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The positioning assembly comprises a positioning pin (7) connected to the split body (1), and an alignment positioning hole (8) corresponding to the positioning pin (7) is provided on the split top plate (5).

7. The characteristic production and processing method of curved surface special-shaped parts according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The forming process of the part blank (4) in S5 is specifically as follows: first, the part blank (4) is clamped by a double-sided milling tool, and then the double-sided milling tool is clamped on the milling equipment to perform double-sided milling and chamfering processing on the part blank (4), and then the part blank (4) is removed from the double-sided milling tool and clamped in a large-head milling tool, and then the large-head milling tool is clamped on the milling equipment to perform large-head milling and drilling processing on the part blank (4).

8. The characteristic production and processing method of curved surface special-shaped parts according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The double-sided milling tool comprises a double-sided milling body (11), one end of the double-sided milling body (11) is provided with a double-sided milling clamping part (12), the other end of the double-sided milling body (11) is provided with a part blank positioning groove, both sides of the part blank positioning groove are provided with a flat milling cutter routing groove (13), the double-sided milling body (11) is detachably connected with a first shape-shaped pressing block (14) and a second shape-shaped pressing block (15), the part blank positioning groove is shape-fitted with the two end surfaces and the outer curved surface of the part blank (4), the bottom surface of the first shape-shaped pressing block (14) is shape-fitted with the inner curved surface of the large end of the part blank (4), and the bottom surface of the second shape-shaped pressing block (15) is shape-fitted with the inner curved surface of the part blank (4), the double-sided milling clamping part (12) is used to be clamped on the chuck of the milling equipment, and then the flat milling cutter of the milling equipment can perform double-sided milling and chamfering operations on the part blank (4) through the flat milling cutter routing groove (13).

9. The characteristic production and processing method of curved surface special-shaped parts according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The milling head tooling comprises a milling head body (16), on which a milling head clamping portion (17) and a milling head positioning groove (18) are provided, and a symbol-shaped pressing plate (20) is provided corresponding to the milling head positioning groove (18). A plurality of pressing blocks (19) corresponding to the symbol-shaped pressing plate (20) are detachably connected to the milling head body (16), the bottom surface of the milling head positioning groove (18) is conformally fitted with the outer curved surface of the part blank (4), the two side surfaces and the tip surface of the part blank (4) are both conformally fitted with the milling head positioning groove (18), the bottom surface of the symbol-shaped pressing plate (20) is conformally fitted with the inner curved surface of the part blank (4), and the milling head clamping portion (17) is used to be clamped on a chuck of a milling device, and then the milling device can perform milling and drilling operations on the part blank (4).

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