Device based on contour in-situ measurement fitting and adaptive efficient grinding method

Abstract

The invention discloses a device based on contour in-situ measurement fitting and an adaptive efficient grinding method, and belongs to the technical field of part machining. The device comprises a grinding wheel contour measuring system used for measuring and fitting the outer contour of a grinding wheel and an angle precision positioning system used for measuring the contour, the size and the profile position of a part. Firstly, a part is installed, in-situ measurement and fitting of the surface profile of the part are carried out, and the included angle between the axis and the machine tool spindle axis is calculated; secondly, a grinding wheel is installed, and dynamic balance is adjusted; then, carrying out in-situ measurement and fitting to obtain the contour of the working surface of the grinding wheel, and carrying out minimum removal amount shaping on the grinding wheel; and finally, after adaptive grinding is carried out, the surface profile of the machined part is measured in situ again, and whether the requirement is met or not is detected. By measuring the original outlines of the adaptive part and the grinding wheel in situ, the problems of large-volume removal of the part and long dressing time of the grinding wheel in the grinding process are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of parts processing, and relates to a device based on in-situ measurement and fitting of contours and an adaptive and efficient grinding method. Background Art

[0002] Grinding is a process that uses high-speed rotating grinding wheels and other abrasive tools to process the surface of parts. It is often used to process the internal and external cylindrical surfaces, conical surfaces, end faces and other complex surfaces of various parts. However, due to the installation errors of parts, the axis of the part and the axis of rotation of the machine tool spindle cannot be guaranteed to coincide completely. Large installation errors will lead to a large amount of part material removal, excessive grinding, and affect dimensional accuracy. At the same time, the manufacturing errors of the grinding wheel cause it to have large profile deviations and runout, which will result in a large amount of grinding wheel dressing removal, long time consumption, low efficiency, and for super-hard abrasive grinding wheels, it is easy to cause expensive dresser wear.

[0003] In the initial stage of grinding, if the minimum dressing amount of the grinding wheel and the minimum material removal amount of the part can be determined based on the data of the initial contour, position and shape of the grinding wheel and the part, a lot of time consumed by excessive dressing of the grinding wheel and excessive grinding of the part can be saved by controlling the processing trajectory and error compensation, and the grinding efficiency and grinding accuracy of difficult-to-process materials can be effectively improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the problems of large-volume material removal due to part installation errors and long grinding wheel dressing time due to grinding wheel manufacturing errors, the present invention provides a device based on in-situ contour measurement and fitting and an adaptive and efficient grinding method to solve the problems of large-volume part removal and long grinding wheel dressing time, low efficiency, and tool shaping loss, and realize high-quality and efficient grinding of various types of surface parts. The present invention solves the problems of large-volume part removal and long grinding wheel dressing time during grinding by in-situ measurement and matching of parts and the original contours of the grinding wheel.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A device based on in-situ contour measurement and fitting, the device is installed on a machine tool, a three-jaw chuck is provided on the part rotating axis of the machine tool for clamping the parts, a grinding wheel flange is provided on the grinding wheel turret for installing the grinding wheel, the two are arranged oppositely and coaxial with the main axis of the machine tool; the device includes a grinding wheel contour measurement system and an angle precision positioning system.

[0007] The angle precision positioning system includes a contact measuring probe and is equipped with a numerical analysis algorithm. The contact measuring probe is installed on the grinding wheel turret and can move along with the machine tool spindle at different axial positions of the part and retract when it touches the surface of the part to measure the contour, size and surface position of the part.

[0008] The grinding wheel profile measurement system includes a laser displacement sensor bracket and a laser displacement sensor, and is equipped with a numerical analysis algorithm. The laser displacement sensor bracket is in the form of a door-shaped frame as a whole, and the lower end is installed on the machine tool platform near the part rotation axis. The upper end is provided with a slide rail and a movable arm, and the laser displacement sensor is installed at the end of the movable arm. The laser displacement sensor bracket is controlled to be parallel to the machine tool spindle and can be translated along the y-axis and z-axis to scan and collect the three-dimensional data of the grinding wheel. The outer contour of the grinding wheel is obtained by fitting through the numerical analysis algorithm, wherein the x-axis direction is the spindle feed direction, the y-axis is the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the x-axis, and the z-axis direction is the vertical direction.

[0009] An adaptive and efficient grinding method based on in-situ measurement and fitting of contours is implemented based on the above-mentioned device. First, the parts are installed, and the in-situ measurement data such as the original contour, position, and size of the surface to be processed of the parts are measured in-situ using a contact measuring probe. Based on the in-situ measurement data of the parts, the surface contour of the parts is fitted, and the angle between its axis and the axis of the machine tool spindle is calculated; secondly, the grinding wheel is installed and the dynamic balance is adjusted; then, a non-contact laser displacement sensor is used to measure the contour of the working surface of the grinding wheel, and the grinding wheel contour is fitted based on the in-situ measured grinding wheel contour data, and a dresser is used to shape the grinding wheel with the minimum removal amount to avoid excessive dressing of the grinding wheel and improve dressing efficiency; then, adaptive grinding is carried out by accurately matching the original contour of the grinding wheel with the part; finally, the contact measuring probe is used again to measure the surface contour of the processed parts in-situ to detect whether the shape and size of the parts meet the requirements. The adaptive and efficient grinding method specifically includes the following steps:

[0010] Step 1, part installation and in-situ measurement and fitting of the original contour: install the part on the three-jaw chuck, and use the contact measurement probe to measure the contour, size and surface position of the part. Specifically, the contact measurement probe is fed at different axial positions of the part, and the probe retracts when it touches the surface of the part. Repeat this process many times to obtain the X and Z coordinate point set P of the part at different axial positions with multiple feedback, which is expressed as:

[0011] P=[P(x1,z1)...P(x t ,z t )]

[0012] Among them, t is the number of probe measurements, that is, the total number of coordinate points obtained;

[0013] The numerical analysis algorithm in the angle precision positioning system is used to determine the overall contour curve of the part to be processed and calculate the angle between the part axis and the machine tool spindle axis. For the calculated multiple groups Take the average value. The relationship with the coordinate point set obtained by the probe measurement is:

[0014]

[0015] Among them, 1≤m≤t, 1≤n≤t, N is the number of permutations and combinations obtained according to the number of selected coordinate points, x m 、z m 、x n 、z n The X and Z coordinates of any two points in the coordinate point set measured by the probe;

[0016] Step 2, grinding wheel installation and dynamic balancing adjustment: The grinding wheel is installed on the grinding wheel flange by bolts. During installation, the bolts are tightened evenly in a cross-shaped manner, and the tightening torque value is controlled by a torque wrench; before installing the grinding wheel flange, the flange hole and the machine tool spindle are cleaned; after the grinding wheel is installed, the grinding wheel runout is monitored at a specific rotation speed, and the grinding wheel is dynamically balanced using a balancing block;

[0017] Step 3, in-situ measurement and dressing of grinding wheel profile: Use a laser displacement sensor to gradually scan the grinding wheel working surface profile according to the set interval, and perform data fitting to obtain the original grinding wheel profile. The specific operation process is as follows:

[0018] The laser displacement sensor bracket is controlled to keep the laser displacement sensor parallel to the X-axis of the machine tool. One end of the grinding wheel in the Z-axis direction is the measurement starting point of the laser displacement sensor, and the other end is the measurement end point. The motion guide rail is controlled to move uniformly from the Z-axis starting point to the Z-axis end point, and is calibrated to move from the zero point to the L point. The coordinates of the laser displacement sensor output signal measurement point are S[h(i,j), d j , l i ]; 3D point cloud data is represented as:

[0019]

[0020] Among them, h(i,j) is the collected displacement signal in the X-axis direction, d j is the Y-direction displacement signal collected, l i is the displacement signal in the Z-axis direction, m and n are the total number of points along the width and circumference of the grinding wheel in the collected results, respectively.

[0021] For S[h(i,j), d j , l i ] to perform noise elimination and smoothing filtering, remove singular points, and perform repair and completion. The specific steps are as follows:

[0022] The point cloud data obtained by scanning is distributed and counted to obtain the cumulative distribution function W(k):

[0023]

[0024] Among them, hmax 、h min To measure the maximum and minimum values ​​of the height data in the X-axis direction in the point cloud, h k For h max and h min Any integer in the range, N represents the total number of all original measurement point data, N = m × n.

[0025] Set the threshold range, and treat data points greater than the maximum threshold or less than the minimum threshold as singular points; remove the singular points; and use the two-dimensional linear interpolation method to repair the removed singular points.

[0026] After repairing the singular point, traverse each point on the point set, determine the c×c core neighborhood with each point as the center, and calculate the average height difference between each measurement point data and the center point h(e,f);

[0027] Δh=average[|h(e,f)-h(i,j)|](i=ec,…,e+c; j=fc,…,f+c)

[0028] Where i is the number of points in the X direction, j is the number of points in the Y direction, 1≤e≤m, 1≤f≤n, and c is S[h(i,j), d j , l i ] is the number of points around .

[0029] Perform distribution statistics on the calculated Δh and set the noise threshold Δ threshold , the Δh calculated at each measurement point and Δ threshold Compare and remove threshold The measurement points are:

[0030] Δh(e,f)≤Δ threshold

[0031] The height coordinates of the removed noise points on the X axis h(e,f) are given by the following coordinates h r (e,f) is replaced by:

[0032] h r (e,f)=h(e,f)-Δh=h(e,f)-average[h(e,f)-h(i,j)]

[0033] Finally, the data point information after singularity and noise removal is transmitted to the data calculation algorithm in the grinding wheel profile measurement system for curve fitting. i is the coordinate in the grinding wheel width direction, expressed in d j is the circumferential coordinate of the grinding wheel, h(i,j) is the height coordinate of the grinding wheel surface, and the grinding wheel surface profile curve is obtained by fitting.

[0034] According to the original contour of the grinding wheel measured in situ, the minimum grinding wheel shaping removal amount is determined, and the minimum removal amount of the grinding wheel dressing is carried out. The grinding wheel contour measurement system obtains the diameter of the grinding wheel after dressing in real time; the dressing methods include diamond pen dressing, diamond roller dressing, rolling dressing, etc. The grinding wheel dressing method is selected according to the machine tool hardware equipment and experience;

[0035] Step 4, adaptive and efficient grinding: Based on the actual contour of the part fitted with the in-situ measurement data, the coordinate position of the minimum grinding removal of the part is calculated and determined, the grinding wheel turret is rotated at an angle, the relative position of the part surface to be processed and the grinding wheel working surface is adjusted, and grinding is carried out after precise positioning; after processing, the part contour is measured multiple times using a contact measurement probe and compared with the size, shape, and position accuracy requirements, and the grinding wheel grinding posture is compensated by adjusting the grinding wheel turret until a part that meets the accuracy and surface quality requirements is ground.

[0036] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0037] (1) The present invention accurately obtains the part contour, size and installation error by measuring and fitting the part surface contour in situ, obtains the processing plan with the smallest part removal volume, and then determines the relative position of the grinding wheel working surface and the part surface. By adjusting the grinding trajectory control of the grinding wheel turret, it effectively avoids the large-scale removal of part material and excessive grinding caused by installation errors, which helps to improve the processing accuracy of part size and shape and reduce the grinding processing time.

[0038] (2) The present invention accurately obtains the true profile of the grinding wheel through in-situ measurement and data fitting, and then determines the minimum dressing amount according to the grinding wheel profile, effectively preventing excessive dressing of the grinding wheel, improving dressing efficiency, reducing dresser loss, and reducing production costs.

[0039] (3) The grinding wheel installation method adopted in the present invention can achieve a close fit between the grinding wheel and the grinding wheel flange, alleviate the problems such as poor dynamic balance caused by the grinding wheel installation, and at the same time reduce the workload of subsequent grinding wheel dressing and improve grinding efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the grinding wheel installation method, wherein (a) is a lateral cross-sectional view of the grinding wheel installation, and (b) is a schematic diagram of the bolt installation sequence, where letters A to H indicate that the bolts are installed in the alphabetical order of A to H;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the method for in-situ measurement of the surface of a part to be processed;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding wheel working surface fitting process;

[0044] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the surface to be machined when grinding a part to compensate for the grinding wheel posture;

[0045] In the figure: 1 part rotary axis; 2 laser displacement sensor bracket; 3 external grinding wheel; 4 grinding wheel turret; 5 contact measurement probe; 6 internal grinding wheel; 7 laser displacement sensor; 8 three-jaw chuck; 9 part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and effect of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail by examples listed below. It should be noted that the specific implementation described here is only used to explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0047] This embodiment provides a device based on in-situ contour measurement and fitting, which is installed on a machine tool. A three-jaw chuck 8 is provided on the side of the part rotating axis 1 of the machine tool facing the grinding wheel turret 4 for clamping the part 9. Grinding wheel flanges are provided on the two side surfaces of the grinding wheel turret 4 for installing an outer cylindrical grinding wheel 3 and an inner cylindrical grinding wheel 6, respectively, both of which are coaxial with the main axis of the machine tool; the device includes a grinding wheel contour measurement system and an angle precision positioning system.

[0048] The angle precision positioning system includes a contact measuring probe 5 and is equipped with a numerical analysis algorithm. The contact measuring probe 5 is installed on the grinding wheel turret 4 and can move with the machine tool spindle at different axial positions of the part 9 and retract when it touches the surface of the part 9 to measure the contour, size and surface position of the part 9. Figure 1 shown.

[0049] The grinding wheel profile measurement system includes a laser displacement sensor bracket 2 and a laser displacement sensor 7, and is equipped with a numerical analysis algorithm. The laser displacement sensor bracket 2 is a door-shaped frame as a whole, and the lower end is installed on the machine tool platform near the part rotary axis 1. The upper end is provided with a slide rail and a movable arm, and the laser displacement sensor 7 is installed at the end of the movable arm. The laser displacement sensor bracket 2 is controlled to make the laser displacement sensor 7 parallel to the machine tool spindle and able to translate along the y-axis and z-axis to scan and collect the three-dimensional data of the grinding wheel. The outer contour of the grinding wheel is obtained by fitting through the numerical analysis algorithm, wherein the x-axis direction is the spindle feed direction, the y-axis is the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the x-axis, and the z-axis direction is the vertical direction.

[0050] An adaptive and efficient grinding method based on in-situ profile measurement and fitting comprises the following steps:

[0051] Step 1, part installation and original contour in-situ measurement and fitting: install the part 9 on the three-jaw chuck 8, and use the contact measurement probe 5 to measure the contour, size and surface position of the part 9, such as Figure 3As shown, specifically, the contact measurement probe 5 is fed at different axial positions of the part 9, and the probe retracts when it touches the surface of the part 9, and this is repeated multiple times to obtain the X and Z coordinate point sets P of different axial positions of the part 9 fed back multiple times, which are expressed as:

[0052] P=[P(x1,z1)...P(x t ,z t )]

[0053] The numerical analysis algorithm in the angle precision positioning system is used to determine the overall contour curve of the surface to be processed of part 9 and calculate the angle between the axis of part 9 and the axis of the machine tool spindle. For the calculated multiple groups Take the average value. The relationship with the coordinate point set obtained by the probe measurement is:

[0054]

[0055] Step 2, grinding wheel installation and dynamic balance adjustment: The outer grinding wheel 3 and the inner grinding wheel 6 are respectively installed on their corresponding grinding wheel flanges by bolts. During installation, the bolts are tightened evenly in a cross-shaped manner, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, install the bolts in the alphabetical order from A to H, and use a torque wrench to control the tightening torque value; before installing the grinding wheel flange, clean the flange hole and the machine tool spindle; after the grinding wheel is installed, monitor the grinding wheel runout at a specific rotation speed, and use a balance block to adjust the dynamic balance of the grinding wheel;

[0056] Step 3, in-situ measurement and dressing of grinding wheel profile: using laser displacement sensor 7, gradually scan the working surface profiles of outer grinding wheel 3 and inner grinding wheel 6 according to the set interval, and perform data fitting to obtain the original profile of the grinding wheel; the operation process is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the details are as follows:

[0057] The laser displacement sensor bracket 2 is controlled to keep the laser displacement sensor 7 parallel to the X-axis of the machine tool. One end of the grinding wheel in the Z-axis direction is the measurement starting point of the laser displacement sensor 7, and the other end is the measurement end point. The motion guide rail is controlled to move uniformly from the Z-axis starting point to the Z-axis end point, and is calibrated to move from the zero point to the L point. The coordinates of the output signal measurement point of the laser displacement sensor 7 are S[h(i,j), d j , l i ]; 3D point cloud data is represented as:

[0058]

[0059] For S[h(i,j), d j , l i ] to perform noise elimination and smoothing filtering, remove singular points, and perform repair and completion. The specific steps are as follows:

[0060] The point cloud data obtained by scanning is distributed and counted to obtain the cumulative distribution function W(k):

[0061]

[0062] The threshold range is set, W(k)=4% is used as the minimum threshold, W(k)=96% is used as the maximum threshold, and data points greater than the maximum threshold or less than the minimum threshold are used as singular points; singular points are removed; and the removed singular points are repaired using a two-dimensional linear interpolation method.

[0063] After repairing the singular point, traverse each point on the point set, determine the c×c core neighborhood with each point as the center, and calculate the average height difference between each measurement point data and the center point h(e,f);

[0064] Δh=average[|h(e,f)-h(i,j)|](i=ec,…,e+c; j=fc,…,f+c)

[0065] Perform distribution statistics on the calculated Δh, and take the Δh value that reaches 90% of the cumulative distribution as the noise threshold Δ of the center point after filtering threshold ; Remove noise and compare the Δh and Δ threshold Compare and remove threshold The measurement points are:

[0066] Δh(e,f)≤Δ threshold

[0067] The height coordinates of the removed noise points on the X axis h(e,f) are given by the following coordinates h r (e,f) is replaced by:

[0068] h r (e,f)=h(e,f)-Δh=h(e,f)-average[h(e,f)-h(i,j)]

[0069] Finally, the data point information after singularity and noise removal is transmitted to the data calculation algorithm in the grinding wheel profile measurement system for curve fitting. i is the coordinate in the grinding wheel width direction, expressed in d j is the circumferential coordinate of the grinding wheel, h(i,j) is the height coordinate of the grinding wheel surface, and the grinding wheel surface profile curve is obtained by fitting.

[0070] According to the original contour of the grinding wheel measured in situ, the minimum grinding wheel shaping removal amount is determined, the grinding wheel dressing program is written, and the minimum removal amount dressing of the grinding wheel is carried out. The grinding wheel contour measurement system obtains the diameter of the grinding wheel after dressing in real time; the dressing methods include diamond pen dressing, diamond roller dressing, rolling dressing, etc. The grinding wheel dressing method is selected according to the machine tool hardware equipment and experience;

[0071] Step 4, adaptive and efficient grinding: according to the actual contour of the part 9 fitted by the in-situ measurement data, the coordinate position of the minimum grinding removal amount of the part 9 is calculated and determined, the grinding wheel turret 4 is rotated at an angle, the relative position of the surface to be processed of the part 9 and the working surface of the grinding wheel is adjusted, and the grinding process is carried out after precise positioning, and the inner and outer cylindrical surfaces, inclined surfaces, conical surfaces, step surfaces and end surfaces are ground with the outer grinding wheel 3 and the inner grinding wheel 6 in turn, such as Figure 5 As shown; after the processing is completed, the contact measuring probe 5 is used to measure the contour of the part 9 for many times, and compared with the size, shape, and position accuracy requirements. The grinding wheel turret 4 is adjusted to compensate for the grinding posture of the grinding wheel until the part 9 that meets the accuracy and surface quality requirements is ground.

Claims

1. A device based on in-situ contour measurement and fitting, characterized in that: The device is installed on a machine tool, a three-jaw chuck (8) is provided on the part rotary shaft (1) of the machine tool for clamping the part (9), and a grinding wheel flange is provided on the grinding wheel turret (4) for mounting the grinding wheel, the two are arranged opposite to each other and are coaxial with the main shaft of the machine tool; the device includes a grinding wheel profile measurement system and an angle precision positioning system; The angle precision positioning system comprises a contact measuring probe (5) and is equipped with a numerical analysis algorithm. The contact measuring probe (5) is mounted on the grinding wheel turret (4) and can move along with the machine tool spindle at different axial positions of the part (9) and retract when it touches the surface of the part (9) to measure the contour, size and surface position of the part (9); The grinding wheel profile measurement system comprises a laser displacement sensor bracket (2) and a laser displacement sensor (7), and is equipped with a numerical analysis algorithm. The laser displacement sensor bracket (2) is in the form of a door-shaped frame as a whole, and its lower end is mounted on a machine tool platform near a part rotary axis (1). A slide rail and a movable arm are arranged on the upper end, and the laser displacement sensor (7) is mounted on the end of the movable arm. The laser displacement sensor bracket (2) is controlled so that the laser displacement sensor (7) is parallel to the main axis of the machine tool and can be translated along the y-axis and z-axis to scan and collect three-dimensional data of the grinding wheel. The outer profile of the grinding wheel is obtained by fitting through the numerical analysis algorithm, wherein the x-axis direction is the main axis feed direction, the y-axis is the horizontal direction and is perpendicular to the x-axis, and the z-axis direction is the vertical direction.

2. An adaptive and efficient grinding method based on in-situ contour measurement and fitting, implemented based on the device of claim 1, characterized in that: First, the part (9) is installed, and the original data of the surface to be processed of the part (9) is measured on-site using a contact measuring probe (5), and the surface profile of the part (9) is fitted, and the angle between its axis and the axis of the machine tool spindle is calculated; secondly, the grinding wheel is installed and the dynamic balance is adjusted; then, the working surface profile of the grinding wheel is measured using a non-contact laser displacement sensor (7), the grinding wheel profile is fitted, and the grinding wheel is shaped to minimize the removal amount; then, adaptive grinding is carried out by matching the original profile of the grinding wheel and the part (9); finally, the surface profile of the processed part (9) is measured on-site again using the contact measuring probe (5) to detect whether the part (9) meets the requirements.

3. The adaptive and efficient grinding method based on in-situ contour measurement and fitting according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The adaptive and efficient grinding method specifically comprises the following steps: Step 1, part installation and in-situ measurement and fitting of the original contour: The part (9) is installed on the three-jaw chuck (8), and the contact measurement probe (5) is fed at different axial positions of the part (9). The probe retracts when it touches the surface of the part (9). This is repeated multiple times to obtain the X and Z coordinate point sets P of different axial positions of the part (9) with multiple feedbacks, which are expressed as: P=[P(x1,z1)...P(x t ,z t )] Among them, t is the number of probe measurements, that is, the total number of coordinate points obtained; The numerical analysis algorithm in the angle precision positioning system is used to determine the overall contour curve of the surface to be processed of the part (9) and calculate the angle between the axis of the part (9) and the axis of the machine tool spindle. For the calculated multiple groups Take the average value; Step 2, the grinding wheel is installed on the grinding wheel flange. After the grinding wheel is installed, the grinding wheel runout is monitored at a specific rotation speed, and a balance block is used to adjust the dynamic balance of the grinding wheel; Step 3, on-site measurement and dressing of grinding wheel profile: using a laser displacement sensor (7), gradually scanning the grinding wheel working surface profile according to a set interval, and performing data fitting to obtain the original grinding wheel profile; According to the original contour of the grinding wheel measured in situ, the minimum grinding wheel shaping removal amount is determined, the minimum grinding wheel removal amount dressing is carried out, and the diameter of the grinding wheel after dressing is obtained in real time; Step 4, adaptive and efficient grinding: according to the actual contour of the part (9) fitted by the in-situ measurement data, the coordinate position of the minimum grinding removal amount of the part (9) is calculated and determined, the grinding wheel turret (4) is rotated at an angle, the relative position of the surface to be processed of the part (9) and the working surface of the grinding wheel is adjusted, and the grinding process is carried out after precise positioning; after the processing is completed, the contour of the part (9) is measured multiple times using a contact measurement probe (5), and compared with the size, shape, and position accuracy requirements, and the grinding wheel grinding posture is compensated by adjusting the grinding wheel turret (4) until the grinding process is completed. The part (9) meets the accuracy and surface quality requirements.

4. The adaptive and efficient grinding method based on in-situ contour measurement and fitting according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step 1, the angle The relationship with the coordinate point set obtained by the probe measurement is: Among them, 1≤m≤t, 1≤n≤t, N is the number of permutations and combinations obtained according to the number of selected coordinate points, x m 、z m 、x n 、z n The X and Z coordinates of any two points in the coordinate point set measured by the probe.

5. The adaptive and efficient grinding method based on in-situ contour measurement and fitting according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In the step 2, the grinding wheel is installed on the grinding wheel flange by bolts. During installation, the bolts are tightened in a cross-shaped manner, and a torque wrench is used to control the tightening torque value.

6. The adaptive and efficient grinding method based on in-situ contour measurement and fitting according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In the step 2, before installing the grinding wheel flange, the flange hole and the machine tool spindle are cleaned.

7. The adaptive and efficient grinding method based on in-situ contour measurement and fitting according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step 3, the specific operation process of obtaining the original profile of the grinding wheel is as follows: The laser displacement sensor bracket (2) is controlled so that the laser displacement sensor (7) is kept parallel to the X-axis of the machine tool, with one end of the grinding wheel in the Z-axis direction being the measurement starting point of the laser displacement sensor (7) and the other end being the measurement end point; the moving guide rail is controlled to move at a uniform speed from the Z-axis starting point to the Z-axis end point, and is calibrated to move from the zero point to the L point; the coordinates of the measurement point of the output signal of the laser displacement sensor (7) are S[h(i,j), d j , l i ]; 3D point cloud data is represented as: Among them, h(i,j) is the collected displacement signal in the X-axis direction, d j is the Y-direction displacement signal collected, l i is the displacement signal in the Z-axis direction, m and n are the total number of points along the width and circumference of the grinding wheel in the collected results, respectively; For S[h(i,j), d j , l i ] to perform denoising and smoothing filtering, remove singular points, and perform repair and completion; after repairing the singular points, traverse each point on the point set, determine the c×c core neighborhood with each point as the center, and calculate the average height difference between each measurement point data and the center point h(e,f); Δh=average[|h(e,f)-h(i,j)|](i=ec,…,e+c; j=fc,…,f+c) Where i is the number of points in the X direction, j is the number of points in the Y direction, 1≤e≤m, 1≤f≤n, and c is S[h(i,j), d j , l i ]The number of points around; Perform distribution statistics on the calculated Δh and set the noise threshold Δ threshold , the Δh calculated at each measurement point and Δ threshold Compare and remove threshold The measurement points are: Δh(e,f)≤Δ threshold The height coordinates of the removed noise points on the X axis h(e,f) are given by the following coordinates h r (e,f) is replaced by: h r (e,f)=h(e,f)-Δh=h(e,f)-average[h(e,f)-h(i,j)] Finally, the data point information after singularity and noise removal is transmitted to the data calculation algorithm in the grinding wheel profile measurement system for curve fitting. i is the coordinate in the grinding wheel width direction, expressed in d j is the circumferential coordinate of the grinding wheel, h(i,j) is the height coordinate of the grinding wheel surface, and the grinding wheel surface profile curve is obtained by fitting.

8. The adaptive and efficient grinding method based on in-situ contour measurement and fitting according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The specific steps to remove singular points and repair and complete them are: The point cloud data obtained by scanning is distributed and counted to obtain the cumulative distribution function W(k): Among them, h max 、h min To measure the maximum and minimum values ​​of the height data in the X-axis direction in the point cloud, h k For h max and h min Any integer in the range, N represents the total number of all original measurement point data, N = m × n; Set the threshold range, and treat data points greater than the maximum threshold or less than the minimum threshold as singular points; remove the singular points; and use the two-dimensional linear interpolation method to repair the removed singular points.

9. The adaptive and efficient grinding method based on in-situ contour measurement and fitting according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step 3, the grinding wheel dressing method includes diamond pen dressing, diamond roller dressing, and rolling dressing, which is selected according to the machine tool hardware equipment and experience.

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