Reusable T-beam precast beam formwork device and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a reusable T-beam precast beam formwork device and a construction method thereof. The reusable T-beam precast beam formwork device comprises a base formwork, flange formworks symmetrically arranged on the base formwork, and supporting formworks forming pouring cavities with the inner sides of the flange formworks. The anchoring steel plate is located at the end of the pouring cavity, an anchoring part is arranged on the side, away from the pouring cavity, of the anchoring steel plate, and after a tensioning cable penetrating through the pouring cavity penetrates through the anchoring part, the tensioning cable is tensioned towards the outer sides of the two ends of the pouring cavity under external force to form a prestress tensioning system of the T-beam precast beam formwork; the stress beams and the pouring cavities are arranged in the same direction, the stress beams and the pouring cavities are arranged on the base formwork in a staggered mode, the stress beams are arranged on the two sides of each pouring cavity respectively, and when the prestress tensioning system is tensioned, the force transmission beams are pressed to form tensioning force which is perpendicular to the stress beams and expands towards the left side and the right side. And therefore, lateral instability of the steel member under pressure is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field related to double T-beams, and in particular to a reusable T-beam prefabricated beam template device and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The prefabricated formwork of double T beams in the prior art has the following problems: 1) Insufficient formwork strength: When pouring concrete, the formwork needs to withstand greater lateral pressure. If the formwork structure is not strong enough, it may cause deformation or even breakage. Therefore, when designing the formwork, it is necessary to fully consider the stress conditions, select appropriate materials, and ensure that the connection is firm.

[0003] 2) Difficult demoulding: Due to the adhesion of concrete, it is sometimes found that the precast parts are difficult to remove from the formwork. This not only prolongs the production cycle, but may also cause surface damage. 3) Poor adaptability of formwork: Different engineering projects may require double T beams of different specifications, which requires the formwork to have a certain degree of flexibility and adjustability. Traditional fixed formwork is difficult to meet diverse needs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a reusable T-beam prefabricated beam template device and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the problems of the prior art.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are as follows: On the one hand, the reused T-beam precast beam formwork device, including Base template, A flange formwork symmetrically arranged on the base formwork, and a support formwork forming a casting cavity with the inner side of the flange formwork; An anchoring steel plate is located at the end of the casting cavity, and an anchor is provided on the side of the anchoring steel plate away from the casting cavity. After the tensioning cable that runs through the casting cavity passes through the anchor, it is tensioned toward the outer sides of the two ends of the casting cavity by external force to form a prestressed tensioning system of the T-beam precast beam template; A load-bearing beam is arranged in the same direction as the casting cavity and is offset from the casting cavity on the base template. The load-bearing beam is respectively arranged on both sides of each casting cavity. When the prestressed tensioning system is tensioned, the force-transmitting beam is compressed to form a tensioning force perpendicular to the load-bearing beam and expanding to the left and right sides.

[0006] Furthermore, a longitudinal end mold connected to the casting cavity through a tensioning cable is arranged outside the casting cavity, and the longitudinal end mold is suspended in the casting cavity. A transverse end mold is arranged outside the flange formwork close to the casting cavity.

[0007] Furthermore, at least two anchoring steel plates are provided at the end of each casting cavity, and an escape gap is formed between the two anchoring steel plates. The tensioning cable passes through the escape gap and then enters the through hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the longitudinal end mold is suspended in the casting cavity by a stopper, and the longitudinal end mold is provided with stoppers located outside the casting cavity at the top and bottom.

[0009] Furthermore, the flange formwork and the supporting formwork are both provided with end fixing plates near the anchoring steel plates.

[0010] Furthermore, the base template includes a plurality of assembled steel templates, and the plurality of steel templates are spliced ​​to form a slope support surface with an uphill slope and a downhill slope, and the support template is erected on the slope support surface.

[0011] Furthermore, the steel formwork is a truss structure formed by splicing horizontal beams, vertical beams and oblique beams, and the truss structure forms a load-bearing beam and a bearing surface for supporting the formwork.

[0012] Furthermore, at least at the joint seams of adjacent steel molds or along the length direction of the steel molds along the support assembly, a clamp of the support assembly is provided, and the clamp is fixedly connected to the joint seams.

[0013] On the other hand, the construction method of the reused T-beam prefabricated beam formwork device comprises the following steps: S1) Assembly of base formwork and fixation of load beam on base formwork; S2) assembling flange formwork and supporting formwork on the base formwork to form a casting cavity, and assembling anchoring steel plates and anchors, through which tension cables pass; S3) Apply external force to perform prestressing.

[0014] Furthermore, in the prestressing tensioning, a plurality of prestressed tendon limiting mechanisms on the load-bearing beam are specifically utilized to make the tensioning cable form an inclined tensioning direction.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: Firstly, in the present invention, by adding anchoring steel plates and load-bearing beams, the strength of the entire formwork is higher than that of the traditional formwork; Secondly, in the present invention, a limiting mechanism can be provided at the bottom or the top of the flange template, and then the limiting devices at the wing plates on both sides can be opened, so that demoulding can be more convenient and the integrity and completeness of the component can be ensured.

[0016] Thirdly, in the present invention, by means of a built-in prestressed tendon limiting mechanism, the prestressed tendons can be laid along a desired route, and the bending of the prestressed tendons can be more conveniently controlled.

[0017] Finally, in the present invention, the base template can increase or decrease the number of bases according to the double T-plates with different length requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 One of the structural schematic diagrams of the reusable T-beam prefabricated beam template device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 The second structural schematic diagram of the reusable T-beam prefabricated beam template device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 The third structural schematic diagram of the reusable T-beam prefabricated beam template device provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A front view of a reusable T-beam prefabricated beam template device provided by the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the web end form of the double T-beam provided by the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the prestressed tendon limiting device provided by the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of a prestressed tendon limiting device provided by the present invention; In the picture; 1. Base formwork; 11. Steel formwork; 2. Flange formwork; 3. Support formwork; 31. Clamp; 32. Longitudinal end formwork; 33. Transverse end formwork; 34. Stopper; 4. Anchor steel plate; 41. Anchor piece; 42. Tension cable; 5. Load-bearing beam; 6. End fixing plate; 7. Pad beam; 8. Prestressed limit mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the various embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but it should be noted that these embodiments are not limitations of the present invention, and any equivalent transformations or substitutions in functions, methods, or structures made by ordinary technicians in the field based on these embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] First, refer to the attached Figure 1-7 As shown, the reusable T-beam prefabricated beam template device in the present invention is specifically described as follows: The template device in this embodiment includes Base template 1, A flange formwork 2 is symmetrically arranged on the base formwork 1, and a supporting formwork 3 forms a casting cavity with the inner side of the flange formwork 2; and an anchoring steel plate 4 is located at the end of the casting cavity, and an anchor 41 is provided on the side of the anchoring steel plate 4 away from the casting cavity. After the tensioning cable 42 that passes through the casting cavity passes through the anchor 41, it is tensioned toward the outer sides of the two ends of the casting cavity by external force to form a prestressed tensioning system of the T-beam beam template; in this embodiment, the anchor 41 is specifically a prestressed tensioning anchor plate, and the tensioning cable 42 can be a plurality of groups, and then a perforation for each tensioning cable to pass through is set on the anchor 41.

[0021] The force beam 5 is arranged in the same direction as the casting cavity and is staggered with the casting cavity on the base template 1. The force beam 5 is arranged on both sides of each casting cavity. When the prestressed tensioning system is tensioned, the force transmission beam 5 is compressed to form a tensioning force perpendicular to the force beam and expanding to the left and right sides, thereby avoiding lateral instability of the steel member under compression. In this embodiment, the force beam 5 and the support template 3 are arranged in sequence along the width direction of the base template 1, and then the horizontal force dispersion and the height direction support are formed respectively.

[0022] The specific details of the reusable T-beam prefabricated beam template device in this embodiment are as follows: 1. For the base template.

[0023] In this embodiment, specifically, the base template 1 includes a plurality of assembled steel molds 11, and the plurality of steel molds are spliced ​​to form a slope support surface with an uphill slope and a downhill slope, and the support template 3 is set up on the slope support surface. A slope support surface with a slope is formed here, and then in the production of double T beams, when the bottom of the T beam is a non-flat structure, the slope can be used to achieve it. At the same time, compared with a plane, the inclined surface can form a good guiding inclined surface in the subsequent tensioning and prestressing.

[0024] Specifically, the steel formwork 11 is a truss structure formed by splicing horizontal beams, vertical beams and inclined beams, and the truss structure forms a load-bearing beam and a bearing surface for supporting the formwork. The truss structure is selected, which is not only light in weight and saves materials, but also uses steel materials to achieve the expected strength. Compared with the setting of a solid structure, it is more practical and easier to promote and use.

[0025] In order to ensure the strength of the joint, at least at the joint seams of adjacent steel molds 11, a clamp 31 of the support assembly 3 is provided, the clamp 31 is fixedly connected to the joint seams, and is simultaneously fixedly connected to the support assembly 3. Of course, a plurality of clamps 31 can also be provided on the steel mold 11 along the length direction of the support assembly 3, thereby fixing the load-bearing beam 3 to the base template 1. The clamp 31 can be welded with angle steel components, and is reliably connected to the base template 1 by welding.

[0026] 2. Regarding the positional relationship between the load-bearing beam 5 and the supporting formwork 3, etc.

[0027] In this embodiment, two load-bearing beams 5 can be set on both sides of each support formwork 3, so that the load-bearing beams 5 form protection on both sides of the support formwork 3 and provide a basis for subsequent anchoring, etc. In this embodiment, the length of the load-bearing beam 5 constitutes the length of the bottom of the T in the double T beam, which is mainly for the transmission of force during the subsequent T beam production process, casting, etc. The purpose of the support formwork 3 is to form a corresponding casting cavity later.

[0028] In this embodiment, at the place where the supporting formwork 3 forms a pouring cavity, a longitudinal end mold 32 connected to the pouring cavity through a tensioning cable 42 is arranged outside the pouring cavity, and the longitudinal end mold 32 is suspended in the pouring cavity, and a transverse end mold 33 is arranged outside the flange formwork 2 near the pouring cavity. In this embodiment, the longitudinal end mold 32 and the transverse end mold 33 form a fence protection, so that the entire pouring cavity can be well fenced, providing a basis for pouring. Of course, vertical steel bars can also be arranged in the pouring cavity to improve the strength after pouring.

[0029] In this embodiment, in order to form a better anchoring and protection, at least two anchoring steel plates 4 are provided at the end of each casting cavity, and an escape gap is formed between the two anchoring steel plates 4, and the tensioning cable 42 passes through the escape gap and enters the perforation. At this time, the tensioning cable 42 passes through the internal longitudinal end mold 32 and then extends into the anchoring steel plate 4.

[0030] In this embodiment, the longitudinal end mold 32 is specifically suspended in the casting cavity by a stopper 34, and the longitudinal end mold 32 is provided with a stopper 34 located outside the casting cavity above and below. At this time, the stopper 34, the transverse end mold 33 and the longitudinal end mold 32 make the outside of the casting cavity well sealed, realizing sealed casting.

[0031] The longitudinal end mold 32 in this embodiment is a tapered structure whose width gradually decreases from top to bottom, thereby forming a subsequent T-shaped supporting leg structure with a tapered bottom. A cushion beam is then set at the bottom of the longitudinal end mold 32 so that its length is less than the longitudinal casting cavity height, and the height is then adjusted and supplemented by the cushion beam.

[0032] Furthermore, a slot is provided on the transverse end mold 33, and the longitudinal end mold is partially inserted into the slot, and the inserted portion forms a T-shaped structure, ensuring that after insertion, the connection between the transverse end mold 33 and the longitudinal end mold 34 is stable.

[0033] In this embodiment, the flange formwork 2 and the support formwork 3 are both provided with an end fixing plate 6 near the anchoring steel plate 4. In this embodiment, the end fixing plate 6 can be a separate transverse end form 33 and a longitudinal end form 34, or a protective structure provided outside the end form.

[0034] In this embodiment, an end fixing plate 6 is arranged on the flange formwork 2, so that the end fixing plate 6 and the limiting mechanism on the side of the flange formwork 2, such as the limiting plate, form a transverse casting cavity at the top of the flange formwork 2, and the end fixing plate 6 can be set to a longer length to cover the middle supporting formwork 3 and the flange formworks 2 on both sides, thereby forming an overall transverse casting cavity of the entire T-shaped precast beam to complete the transverse casting.

[0035] Next, the construction process of the template device in this embodiment is described in detail: 1) Construction of load-bearing beams: In this embodiment, the load-bearing beam 5 is specifically located on both sides of the prestressed tensioning cable of the web of the double T-beam plate, and includes two groups, which are symmetrically arranged to resist the tensioning force generated when the prestressed cable is tensioned. The load-bearing beam is made of double channel steel, such as Figure 3 As shown. During the tensioning process of the prestressed cable, the load-bearing beam is compressed. To prevent the steel member from being lateral instability due to compression, a fixed clamp 31 is provided at a certain interval along the length direction of the load-transmitting beam to fix the load-bearing beam 5 with the base template 1. The fixed clamp 31 can be welded with an angle steel member and reliably connected to the base by welding.

[0036] In this embodiment, the load-bearing beam 5 adopts a double-channel steel structure to enhance the bending bearing capacity, improve the overall stability, facilitate construction, and facilitate material acquisition. Compared with solid structures, it has a wide range of applicability, strong economy, and is more suitable for use.

[0037] 2) Regarding the end mold or end fixing plate 6 in this embodiment.

[0038] In this embodiment, the side mold and end mold of the double T beam slab formwork are both made of steel molds, wherein the end mold is divided into two parts: the horizontal end mold of the transverse rib (i.e., the transverse end mold 33) and the vertical end mold of the longitudinal rib (i.e., the longitudinal end mold 32). The end mold is divided into two parts, horizontal and vertical, which is conducive to the convenience of splicing and disassembly, which is equivalent to selecting the end fixing plate 6 to constitute the entire outer side, thereby improving the installation accuracy of the template. When installing the end mold, the longitudinal rib end mold is installed first, and the upper and lower end molds are fixed with stoppers 34. The lower stopper is made of short steel bars welded on the cushion beam, and the diameter of the steel bar is not less than 20 mm. The upper stopper is made of steel plates welded on the transverse rib template.

[0039] 3) Regarding the prestressed tendon tensioning in this embodiment.

[0040] After the installation of the double T-beam steel formwork in this embodiment is completed, the tension construction of the prestressed tendons can be started. For the prestressed tendons that need to be arched, a prestressed tendon limiting device can be set on the side form. In this embodiment, by adjusting the relative height and distance between the limiting device and the tension anchor end, when the prestressed tendons (i.e., the tensioning cable 42) pass through the limiting device, the arching requirement of the prestressed tendons can be achieved.

[0041] The prestressed tendon limiter is fixed on both sides of the load-bearing beam using through bolts or steel bars. When the poured concrete reaches the designed strength, the bolts or steel bars exposed outside the formwork can be cut off.

[0042] In this embodiment, the limiting device of the prestressed tendon, that is, generally a tension screw or a steel bar is selected, and a plurality of tension cables are arranged in a casting cavity along the length direction (that is, formed between the support formwork 3 and the flange formwork 2), and then each tension cable can be set at a different height. The tension cable is arranged above the tension screw or the steel bar, and the tension screw and the steel bar are used to achieve limiting.

[0043] In this embodiment, the outer side of the flange formwork 2 can also be limited and disassembled by means of quick-release rolling angle irons.

[0044] In this embodiment, diagonal braces are arranged along the height direction on the outside of the flange formwork 2 and in the space formed with the outside of the supporting formwork 3. The diagonal braces are in at least two directions, thereby ensuring the supporting strength of the side part during pouring. Vertical bars are also included to form rib side vertical bars and rib diagonal side bars.

[0045] In this embodiment, when the double T-beam is relatively large, it is assembled by a plurality of flange templates 2, a plurality of support templates 3, etc., to form a plurality of panel areas. At this time, reinforcing ribs are provided at the leveling points of adjacent panels.

[0046] In this embodiment, for the limitation of the prestressed tendons formed by the tensioning cables 42, a tensioning screw rod or the like is provided on the load-bearing beam 5 to complete the limitation. In this embodiment, when the prestressed tendons formed by a plurality of tensioning cables 42 need to be arched, they can also be set by the prestressed limiting mechanism 8. At this time, a plurality of spaces are provided on the load-bearing beam 5 formed by the double-channel steel, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the prestressed limiting mechanism 8 to adapt to the position of the prestressed tendons.

[0047] When the template device in this embodiment is used, the specific process is as follows: S1) Assembling the base formwork 1 and fixing the load-transmitting beam on the base formwork 1; at this time, the base formwork 1 is spliced ​​twice by various steel formworks 11, and then the bottom formwork is set at the set position of the truss structure formed by the steel formwork to provide a foundation for subsequent pouring; S2) The flange formwork 2 and the support formwork 3 are assembled on the base formwork to form a casting cavity, and the anchoring steel plate 4 and the anchor 41 are assembled, and the tensioning cable passes through the anchor 41; in this embodiment, the support formwork 3 is an inverted L-shaped structure, and its upper surface and both sides provide a basis for the subsequent casting cavity formation, while the flange formwork 2 is an inverted L-shaped structure, which provides a basis for the horizontal and vertical casting cavities. At this time, the side of the flange formwork 2 forms an inclined surface.

[0048] At this time, the longitudinal end mold, transverse end mold, anchor steel plate, anchor and end fixing plate 6 can also be assembled simultaneously. In this process, the corresponding assembly is completed, and then the flange formwork 2 is provided with a limiting mechanism composed of baffles along the length direction to form an integrated transverse casting cavity on the upper surface of the flange formwork 2 and the upper surface of the support formwork 3, and the side of the flange formwork 2 and the side of the support formwork 3 form a vertical casting cavity, and the two together constitute a double T-beam casting cavity.

[0049] S3) Apply external force to perform prestressing. At this time, the tensioning cable 42 is assembled and passed through the end mold and the end fixing plate 6 and the anchor 41 between the two anchor steel plates 4, etc., providing a foundation for pouring.

[0050] The present invention is specifically a grain reserve warehouse project, with a total of 9 modern intelligent flat warehouses. Construction started in January and the delivery task needs to be completed before the autumn harvest in October to ensure that there is a place to store grain. Therefore, the roof of the square warehouse is changed from the original cast-in-place structure to a 27-meter prefabricated double T-plate, 246 super-long and super-span double T-plates to save construction time.

[0051] In this project, since there are many factory building projects under construction at the same time, the double T-plate construction period is tight, and the original old template production turnover time is long, which cannot guarantee the construction period progress. After the double T-beam prefabricated template device in the present invention is selected, the base template 1 is selected, and then two plates are constructed at the same time, and the steel strands do not need to be repeatedly cut, and they are directly used once. It only takes 4 days from construction to demoulding, which is more than doubled compared with the original production capacity of one plate every 5 days.

[0052] The formwork device of the present invention utilizes a baffle hinged on the outside of the flange formwork 2. When the casting cavity is finished and cured to the set requirements, the baffle is directly rotated to complete the demoulding of the side, and the flange formwork 2 is directly taken out to complete the demoulding, which is simple to operate.

[0053] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0054] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A reusable T-beam prefabricated beam formwork device, characterized in that: include Base template, A flange formwork symmetrically arranged on the base formwork, and a support formwork forming a casting cavity with the inner side of the flange formwork; An anchoring steel plate is located at the end of the casting cavity, and an anchor is provided on the side of the anchoring steel plate away from the casting cavity. After the tensioning cable that runs through the casting cavity passes through the anchor, it is tensioned toward the outer sides of the two ends of the casting cavity by external force to form a prestressed tensioning system of the T-beam precast beam template; A load-bearing beam is arranged in the same direction as the casting cavity and is offset from the casting cavity on the base template. The load-bearing beam is respectively arranged on both sides of each casting cavity. When the prestressed tensioning system is tensioned, the force-transmitting beam is compressed to form a tensioning force perpendicular to the load-bearing beam and expanding to the left and right sides.

2. The reusable T-beam prefabricated beam formwork device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A longitudinal end mold connected to the casting cavity through a tensioning cable is arranged outside the casting cavity, and the longitudinal end mold is suspended in the casting cavity. A transverse end mold is arranged outside the flange template close to the casting cavity.

3. The reusable T-beam prefabricated beam formwork device according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least two anchoring steel plates are provided at the end of each casting cavity, and an escape gap is formed between the two anchoring steel plates. The tensioning cable passes through the escape gap and then enters the through hole.

4. The reusable T-beam prefabricated beam formwork device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The longitudinal end mold is suspended in the casting cavity through a stopper, and the longitudinal end mold is provided with stoppers located outside the casting cavity at the upper and lower sides.

5. The reusable T-beam prefabricated beam formwork device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flange formwork and the supporting formwork are both provided with end fixing plates near the anchoring steel plates.

6. The reusable T-beam prefabricated beam formwork device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base template includes a plurality of assembled steel templates, and the plurality of steel templates are spliced ​​to form a slope support surface with an uphill slope and a downhill slope, and the support template is set up on the slope support surface.

7. The reusable T-beam prefabricated beam formwork device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steel formwork is a truss structure formed by splicing horizontal beams, vertical beams and inclined beams, and the truss structure forms a load-bearing beam and a bearing surface for supporting the formwork.

8. The reusable T-beam prefabricated beam formwork device according to claim 7, characterized in that: At least at the joint seams of adjacent steel moulds or along the length direction of the steel moulds, a clamp of the support assembly is arranged, and the clamp is fixedly connected to the joint seams.

9. The construction method of the reusable T-beam prefabricated beam formwork device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1) Assembly of base formwork and fixation of load beam on base formwork; S2) assembling flange formwork and supporting formwork on the base formwork to form a casting cavity, and assembling anchoring steel plates and anchors, through which tension cables pass; S3) Apply external force to perform prestressing.

10. The construction method of the reusable T-beam prefabricated beam formwork device according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the prestressing tensioning, specifically, a plurality of prestressed tendon limiting mechanisms on the load-bearing beam are utilized to make the tensioning cable form an inclined tensioning direction.

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