Coal flame retardant

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal flame retardant, and relates to the technical field of flame retardants, the coal flame retardant comprises the following components by weight: 2.2-6.5 parts of a water-soluble flame retardant, 8.2-11.2 parts of a surfactant, 10-15 parts of a penetrant, 5-10 parts of a curing agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of a water storage thickener, 4.5-6.5 parts of a stabilizer, 4.5-6 parts of an antifreeze agent, and 65.1-43.3 parts of deionized water; the technical effects of improving the flame-retardant effect and reducing environmental pollution can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of flame retardants, in particular to a coal flame retardant. Background Art

[0002] Coal, as one of the indispensable basic energy sources in global economic activities, has always attracted much attention for its safety during mining and storage. In the process of development and utilization of coal resources, fire risk is the primary safety hazard. The coal mining operation environment is complex, involving not only a large amount of coal dust and flammable and explosive gas, but also fire sources caused by friction of mechanical equipment, short circuits of old circuits, blasting of explosives, etc., which constitute the main external causes of underground fires in coal mines. In addition, under certain conditions, such as when the temperature rises to a critical value and the oxygen content is sufficient, coal itself will also spontaneously combust, becoming an internal factor in the occurrence of fires. Spontaneous combustion often occurs in goafs, caused by the accumulation of heat released during the oxidation of coal, and this process is inseparable from the participation of oxygen in the air.

[0003] In order to deal with these fire risks, the industry has adopted a series of fire prevention measures. Among them, ordinary water spraying is the most basic cooling method, which can temporarily reduce the temperature of coal and the surrounding environment and reduce the possibility of spontaneous combustion. However, relying solely on water spraying has limited effect, especially when the coal surface is dry and easily oxidized. Therefore, more advanced inhibitor technology has emerged, aiming to prevent coal from spontaneous combustion through chemical means.

[0004] There are many types of existing inhibitor technologies, but each has obvious defects. Halogen salt inhibitors, such as calcium chloride and magnesium chloride, can effectively inhibit coal oxidation, but their strong corrosiveness not only damages spraying equipment and mechanical parts, shortens service life, but also pollutes the surrounding environment. Ammonium salt inhibitors, such as ammonium chloride, although the cost is low, the inhibition efficiency is not high, and the volatilized gas poses a threat to human health. Alkaline inhibitors, such as sodium hydroxide, have low solubility, are easy to precipitate, difficult to spray evenly, and are also corrosive. Antioxidant and powdered inhibitors, such as antioxidants and calcium carbonate, can extend the induction period of coal spontaneous combustion to a certain extent, but have poor airtightness, are easy to age, and the inhibitory effect decreases rapidly over time. Foam inhibitors, although they can form a covering layer to isolate oxygen, have poor stability, short inhibition time, and high cost, and are not suitable for large-scale applications. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a coal flame retardant, thereby solving the technical problems of the flame retardants in the prior art that pollute the environment, have low efficiency and low fire prevention efficiency; and achieves the technical effect of improving the flame retardant effect and reducing environmental pollution.

[0006] The present application provides a coal flame retardant, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 2.2-6.5 parts of a water-soluble flame retardant, 8.2-11.2 parts of a surfactant, 10-15 parts of a penetrant, 5-10 parts of a curing agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of a water-storage thickener, 4.5-6.5 parts of a stabilizer, 4.5-6 parts of an antifreeze agent, and 65.1-43.3 parts of deionized water.

[0007] Furthermore, the coal flame retardant is prepared by the following steps:

[0008] S1: Add deionized water into the reactor, heat it to 60 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius, and maintain a constant temperature;

[0009] S2: Add water-soluble flame retardant, surfactant, penetrant, and water storage thickener in sequence, and turn on the agitator for uniform stirring. The stirring speed is 50 to 100 revolutions per minute. The reaction temperature is set to 60 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius and maintained at a constant temperature.

[0010] S3: During the stirring process, slowly add the curing agent and continue stirring until all the solid matter is completely dissolved;

[0011] S4: Cooling the solution after the first stirring to 20 degrees Celsius to 30 degrees Celsius, then adding a stabilizer and an antifreeze agent, turning on the stirrer again for uniform stirring, the stirring speed is 30 to 70 revolutions per minute, the stirring time is 30 minutes to 90 minutes, the reaction temperature is set to 20 degrees Celsius to 30 degrees Celsius, and the temperature is maintained constant;

[0012] S5: sending the stirred solution into a concentration device for concentration treatment, wherein the concentration time is set to 3 hours to 5 hours, the concentration temperature is set to 60 degrees Celsius to 100 degrees Celsius, and the temperature is maintained constant;

[0013] S6: The concentrated solution is the coal flame retardant concentrated solution, which is taken out and cooled to room temperature;

[0014] S7: sending the concentrated liquid into a drying device for drying, the drying temperature is 60 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius, and the drying time is not less than 5 hours;

[0015] S8: The dried coal flame retardant is crushed, screened and packaged to obtain a finished product, wherein the diameter of the particles after crushing and screening is not greater than 5 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the water-soluble flame retardant is a phosphate flame retardant.

[0017] Furthermore, the surfactant is octyl / decyl glucoside with a concentration of 50% to 52%; the penetrant is urea; and the water storage thickener is hydroxymethyl cellulose.

[0018] Furthermore, the curing agent is sodium chloride.

[0019] Furthermore, the stabilizer is diethylene glycol butyl ether; and the antifreeze agent is ethylene glycol.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S2, while adding the water-soluble flame retardant, surfactant, penetrant, water storage thickener, and adsorbent, 1-3 parts of adsorbent are added and stirring is continued; wherein the adsorbent is activated carbon.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S4, while adding the stabilizer and the antifreeze agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of a flocculant are added; wherein the flocculant is polyacrylamide.

[0022] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0023] 1. It solves the technical problems of environmental pollution, low efficiency and low fire prevention efficiency of flame retardants in the prior art; it achieves the technical effect of improving flame retardant effect and reducing environmental pollution;

[0024] 2. The flame retardant of the present application has film-forming properties. When added with a curing agent, it can surround the surface of the coal to form a protective film, thereby isolating oxygen and sealing the surface of the coal to prevent gas from volatilizing into the air.

[0025] 3. Flame retardant is added with water-soluble penetrant and flame retardant, which can penetrate into the coal to form a flame-retardant layer and play a flame retardant role;

[0026] 4. Most of the flame retardant is water, which has a certain cooling effect;

[0027] 5. The flame retardant is added with adsorbent flocculant, and the aerial spray can absorb water, purify and deposit the dust in the air;

[0028] 6. The flame retardant component is non-corrosive and will not cause damage to the auxiliary facilities, thus protecting the integrity of the equipment;

[0029] 7. The deionized water used in the present invention does not contain any harmful ions and impurities, so it will not cause damage or corrosion to the environment, thereby protecting the integrity and ecological balance of the natural environment. In addition, rescue workers often need to work in high temperature and harmful environments. The pure characteristics of deionized water ensure that it will not cause irritation or harm even when it comes into contact with the skin or eyes, thereby ensuring the health and safety of the rescue workers. At the same time, the use of deionized water will not introduce any additional chemicals or pollutants, so it will not pollute the water quality. The main ingredients of the medicine are easy to degrade and will not pollute the environment, which meets the requirements of green environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1This is a diagram showing the experimental effect of the coal flame retardant of the present invention.

[0031] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present application will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings; the drawings show preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein; on the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to enable a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosed content of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms “vertical”, “horizontal”, “up”, “down”, “left”, “right” and similar expressions used in this document are only for illustrative purposes and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs; the terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention; the term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0035] The coal flame retardant of the present application includes the following components in parts by weight: water-soluble flame retardant: 2.2-6.5 parts, surfactant: 8.2-11.2 parts, penetrant: 10-15 parts, curing agent: 5-10 parts, water storage thickener: 0.5-1.5 parts, stabilizer: 4.5-6.5 parts, antifreeze agent: 4.5-6 parts, deionized water: 65.1-43.3 parts.

[0036] The coal flame retardant is prepared by the following steps:

[0037] S1: Add deionized water into the reactor, heat it to 60 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius, and maintain a constant temperature;

[0038] S2: Add water-soluble flame retardant, surfactant, penetrant, and water storage thickener in sequence, and turn on the agitator for uniform stirring. The stirring speed is 50 to 100 revolutions per minute. The reaction temperature is set to 60 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius and maintained at a constant temperature.

[0039] S3: During the stirring process, slowly add the curing agent and continue stirring until all the solid matter is completely dissolved;

[0040] S4: Cooling the solution after the first stirring to 20 degrees Celsius to 30 degrees Celsius, then adding a stabilizer and an antifreeze agent, turning on the stirrer again for uniform stirring, the stirring speed is 30 to 70 revolutions per minute, the stirring time is 30 minutes to 90 minutes, the reaction temperature is set to 20 degrees Celsius to 30 degrees Celsius, and the temperature is maintained constant;

[0041] S5: sending the stirred solution into a concentration device for concentration treatment, wherein the concentration time is set to 3 hours to 5 hours, the concentration temperature is set to 60 degrees Celsius to 100 degrees Celsius, and the temperature is maintained constant;

[0042] S6: The concentrated solution is the coal flame retardant concentrated solution, which is taken out and cooled to room temperature;

[0043] S7: sending the concentrated liquid into a drying device for drying, the drying temperature is 60 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius, and the drying time is not less than 5 hours;

[0044] S8: The dried coal flame retardant is crushed, screened and packaged to obtain a finished product, wherein the diameter of the particles after crushing and screening is not greater than 5 mm.

[0045] Furthermore, the water-soluble flame retardant may be a phosphate flame retardant.

[0046] Furthermore, the surfactant may be octyl / decyl glucoside at a concentration of 50% to 52%.

[0047] Among them, the surfactant is made from renewable biological extracts.

[0048] Furthermore, the penetrant may be urea.

[0049] Furthermore, the curing agent may be sodium chloride.

[0050] Furthermore, the water storage thickener may be hydroxymethyl cellulose.

[0051] Furthermore, the stabilizer may be diethylene glycol butyl ether.

[0052] Furthermore, the antifreeze agent may be ethylene glycol.

[0053] It should be noted that the flame retardant in this embodiment is diluted with water when used, and the ratio is adjusted according to the flame retardant effective time requirement. Solutions with a flame retardant time of 7 days, 15 days, and 30 days can be prepared, wherein the ratio of flame retardant to water is 1:50-1:15.

[0054] The coal flame retardant in another embodiment of the present application includes the following components in parts by weight: water-soluble flame retardant: 2.2-6.5 parts, surfactant: 8.2-11.2 parts, penetrant: 10-15 parts, curing agent: 5-10 parts, water storage thickener: 0.5-1.5 parts, stabilizer: 4.5-6.5 parts, antifreeze agent: 4.5-6 parts, deionized water: 65.1-43.3 parts, adsorbent: 1-3 parts, flocculant: 0.5-1.5 parts.

[0055] The coal flame retardant is prepared by the following steps:

[0056] S1: Add deionized water into the reactor, heat it to 60 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius, and maintain a constant temperature;

[0057] S2: Add water-soluble flame retardant, surfactant, penetrant, and water-storage thickener in sequence, and turn on the agitator for uniform stirring. The stirring speed is 50 to 100 revolutions per minute. The reaction temperature is set to 60 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius and maintained at a constant temperature. During the stirring process, slowly add the adsorbent and continue stirring.

[0058] S3: During the stirring process, slowly add the curing agent and continue stirring until all the solid matter is completely dissolved;

[0059] S4: Cool the solution after the first stirring to 20 degrees Celsius to 30 degrees Celsius, then add a stabilizer, an antifreeze agent and a flocculant, turn on the agitator again for uniform stirring, the stirring speed is 30 to 70 revolutions per minute, the stirring time is 30 minutes to 90 minutes, the reaction temperature is set to 20 degrees Celsius to 30 degrees Celsius, and the temperature is maintained constant;

[0060] S5: sending the stirred solution into a concentration device for concentration treatment, wherein the concentration time is set to 3 hours to 5 hours, the concentration temperature is set to 60 degrees Celsius to 100 degrees Celsius, and the temperature is maintained constant;

[0061] S6: The concentrated solution is the coal flame retardant concentrated solution, which is taken out and cooled to room temperature;

[0062] S7: sending the concentrated liquid into a drying device for drying, the drying temperature is 60 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius, and the drying time is not less than 5 hours;

[0063] S8: The dried coal flame retardant is crushed, screened and packaged to obtain a finished product, wherein the diameter of the particles after crushing and screening is not greater than 5 mm.

[0064] Furthermore, the adsorbent may be activated carbon.

[0065] Furthermore, the flocculant may be polyacrylamide (PAM).

[0066] The experimental steps and result analysis of the above embodiment:

[0067] Purpose:

[0068] The flame retardant properties of coal flame retardants at different dilution ratios were evaluated.

[0069] Experimental Materials:

[0070] The prepared coal flame retardant product, deionized water, coal samples (uniform size and type, the coal samples used in this experiment were 5 to 8 cm in length), alcohol lamp, embedded thermometer, timer, beaker and measuring cylinder.

[0071] Experimental steps:

[0072] a. Divide the coal sample into several equal portions, each portion having the same weight, and bury the detection end of the embedded thermometer into the coal sample;

[0073] b. Prepare flame retardant solutions with different dilution ratios according to the ratio of coal flame retardant to water. For example, add 1 part of concentrate to 50 parts of water to prepare a 1:50 dilution, and so on, prepare flame retardant solutions with dilution ratios of 1:50, 1:40, 1:30, 1:20, and 1:10 respectively;

[0074] c. Soak each coal sample in a flame retardant solution with different dilution ratios, ensure that the sample is completely immersed, and set the soaking time to 30 minutes to ensure that the flame retardant fully penetrates into the coal;

[0075] d. After soaking, take out the coal sample and let it dry naturally or blow it dry with a fan;

[0076] e. Place the dried coal sample at a certain distance above the alcohol lamp (the distance between the coal sample and the alcohol lamp should not exceed 3 cm), start heating, and record the temperature of the coal surface with a thermometer;

[0077] f. Record the time when the coal sample starts to burn (i.e., fire prevention time) and the temperature changes during the combustion process;

[0078] g. The experiment for each dilution ratio was repeated at least three times to obtain the average value.

[0079] Experimental data record table:

[0080] Dilution ratio Fire protection time (minutes) Average temperature (Celsius) 1:50 14 120 1:40 21 113 1:30 26 109 1:20 29 106 1:10 31 103

[0081] Data Analysis:

[0082] The data show that with the decrease of dilution ratio (i.e. the increase of flame retardant concentration), the fire protection time of coal samples gradually increases, which indicates that the concentration of flame retardant is an important factor affecting the fire protection time.

[0083] like Figure 1 As shown, the average surface temperature of the coal sample changes with time at different dilution ratios; it can be seen that with the increase of flame retardant concentration, the temperature rise rate of the coal sample surface slows down, which indicates that the flame retardant effectively reduces the risk of spontaneous combustion of coal.

[0084] In summary, the coal flame retardant of the present application uses deionized water as a carrier, and reduces the tension of water and improves the homogenization and dispersion ability of various agents by adding surfactants derived from renewable biological extracts as raw materials; appropriate amounts of water-soluble flame retardants, penetrants, curing agents, water-storage thickeners, and stabilizers are added respectively, and are evenly stirred and dispersed in the liquid by setting temperature, setting time, and setting speed to form a stable flame retardant.

[0085] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal flame retardant, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2.2-6.5 parts of water-soluble flame retardant, 8.2-11.2 parts of surfactant, 10-15 parts of penetrant, 5-10 parts of curing agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of water storage thickener, 4.5-6.5 parts of stabilizer, 4.5-6 parts of antifreeze agent and 65.1-43.3 parts of deionized water.

2. The coal flame retardant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal flame retardant is prepared by the following steps: S1: Add deionized water into the reactor, heat it to 60 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius, and maintain a constant temperature; S2: Add water-soluble flame retardant, surfactant, penetrant, and water storage thickener in sequence, and turn on the agitator for uniform stirring. The stirring speed is 50 to 100 revolutions per minute. The reaction temperature is set to 60 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius and maintained at a constant temperature. S3: During the stirring process, slowly add the curing agent and continue stirring until all the solid matter is completely dissolved; S4: Cooling the solution after the first stirring to 20 degrees Celsius to 30 degrees Celsius, then adding a stabilizer and an antifreeze agent, turning on the stirrer again for uniform stirring, the stirring speed is 30 to 70 revolutions per minute, the stirring time is 30 minutes to 90 minutes, the reaction temperature is set to 20 degrees Celsius to 30 degrees Celsius, and the temperature is maintained constant; S5: sending the stirred solution into a concentration device for concentration treatment, wherein the concentration time is set to 3 hours to 5 hours, the concentration temperature is set to 60 degrees Celsius to 100 degrees Celsius, and the temperature is maintained constant; S6: The concentrated solution is the coal flame retardant concentrated solution, which is taken out and cooled to room temperature; S7: sending the concentrated liquid into a drying device for drying, the drying temperature is 60 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius, and the drying time is not less than 5 hours; S8: The dried coal flame retardant is crushed, screened and packaged to obtain a finished product, wherein the diameter of the particles after crushing and screening is not greater than 5 mm.

3. The coal flame retardant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-soluble flame retardant is a phosphate flame retardant.

4. The coal flame retardant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfactant is octyl / decyl glucoside with a concentration of 50% to 52%; The penetrant is urea; The water storage thickener is hydroxymethyl cellulose.

5. The coal flame retardant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curing agent is sodium chloride.

6. The coal flame retardant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stabilizer is diethylene glycol butyl ether; The antifreeze agent is ethylene glycol.

7. The coal flame retardant according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, while adding the water-soluble flame retardant, surfactant, penetrant, water storage thickener, and adsorbent, 1-3 parts of adsorbent are added and stirring is continued; Among them, the adsorbent is activated carbon.

8. The coal flame retardant according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S4, while adding the stabilizer and antifreeze agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of flocculant are added; The flocculant is polyacrylamide.

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