Flow adjusting mechanism and nozzle oil way switching control method

Abstract

The invention relates to a flow adjusting mechanism and a nozzle oil way switching control method, and belongs to the technical field of aero-engines. The flow adjusting mechanism comprises a supporting shell and a plunger which is arranged in the supporting shell in a sleeved mode and can move in the axial direction of the supporting shell, and the upper end and the lower end of the plunger protrude out of the supporting shell outwards; a gland is arranged at the upper part of the plunger; an adjusting gasket is arranged between the inner ring surface of the gland and the plunger; and an elastic component is arranged between the gland and the supporting shell. According to the nozzle oil way switching control method, the flow adjusting mechanism is arranged in the nozzle shell with the single oil supply port, the main oil way is not opened when the oil pressure is small, and after the engine state is improved, the oil pressure is increased, and the main oil way is opened after the plunger gradually protrudes out of the supporting shell; along with increase of oil pressure, the opening degree of the oil supply hole is increased, and the flow adjusting function is achieved. Through the introduction of the flow regulating mechanism, a pipeline system for supplying oil to the nozzle can be optimized from respective double oil ways for supplying oil to a single oil way for sharing oil supply, so that the weight is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aeroengines, and in particular relates to a flow regulating mechanism and a nozzle oil circuit conversion control method. Background Art

[0002] Aircraft engines are generally designed with the fuel main pipe, branch pipes, and nozzle oil circuits forming the main and auxiliary oil circuit pipeline systems. When the engine is ignited and started, the auxiliary oil circuit supplies oil, and when the engine is in the lifting state, the main oil circuit is opened. In this way, for the fuel supply system, there are two sets of fuel supply pipeline systems, the main and auxiliary oil circuits supply oil separately, and their components include the main pipe, branch pipes, upstream fuel supply pipelines and fuel distribution components, which adds a great burden to the engine weight reduction, and at the same time increases a large amount of production, manufacturing, use, maintenance and repair costs. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a flow regulating mechanism and a nozzle oil circuit conversion control method. Through the introduction of the flow regulating mechanism, the pipeline system for supplying oil to the nozzle can be optimized from dual oil circuits that each supply oil to a single oil circuit that shares oil supply, thereby reducing weight and lowering costs.

[0004] A flow regulating mechanism comprises a support shell (2) and a plunger (3) sleeved inside the support shell (2) and movable along the axial direction thereof, wherein the upper and lower ends of the plunger (3) protrude outward from the inside of the support shell (2); a pressure cover is arranged on the upper part of the plunger (3), and an adjusting gasket (5) is arranged between the inner annular surface of the pressure cover and the plunger (3); and an elastic component is arranged between the pressure cover and the support shell (2).

[0005] The support housing (2) comprises a support rod (9) and a fixed housing (8), wherein the outer diameter of the fixed housing (8) is larger than the outer diameter of the support rod (9); a waterline structure is provided inside the fixed housing (8) for forming a sealing surface with the plunger (3); a long hole (11) is provided at the transition portion between the fixed housing (8) and the support rod for the flow of fuel in the main oil circuit of the nozzle; and a matching ring (12) is formed inside the support rod (9) for matching with the plunger (3).

[0006] The fixed housing (8) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (10) on the outer edge for fixed connection with the nozzle housing; the outer edge hollowed-out portions between the protrusions (10) are used for the flow of fuel in the nozzle auxiliary oil circuit.

[0007] The interior of the support rod (9) is a hollow structure and is used to fix the plunger (3).

[0008] The plunger (3) comprises a plunger ring (13) and a plunger rod (14); the plunger ring (13) is sleeved on the outer side of the bottom of the plunger rod (14); the plunger ring (13) and the bottom of the plunger rod (14) are fixedly connected; a convex hole (15) is provided on the annular surface of the plunger ring (13), which is the basis for forming the oil supply hole of the main oil circuit; the top and middle of the plunger rod (14) are thickened parts, which are respectively used to cooperate with the pressure cover (4) and the support rod (9) of the supporting shell (2); an annular groove (16) is provided on the upper part of the plunger rod (14) for accommodating an adjustment gasket (5).

[0009] The convex hole (15) is a combination of a trapezoid and a rectangle, and has a fuel flow buffering function.

[0010] The four ends of the outer edges of the thickened portion of the middle part of the plug rod (14) that matches the support rod (9) are milled flat to supplement the flow of fuel in the main oil circuit.

[0011] The adjusting gasket (5) is of a slotted structure.

[0012] The pressure cover (4) is mounted on the plug rod (14) of the plunger (3) and is a fixing device for the elastic component. The large end of the pressure cover (4) is a pressure plate (17) convexly arranged outwardly. The spring (6) is fixed between the pressure plate (17) and the supporting shell (2) and is pressed by the pressure plate (17). A step hole (18) is opened in the middle of the pressure cover (4) for assembling the adjustment gasket (5).

[0013] A nozzle oil circuit conversion control method adopts the above-mentioned flow regulating mechanism, which is specifically as follows:

[0014] A flow regulating mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is assembled inside a nozzle housing (7) with a single fuel supply port. When the engine is ignited and started, the fuel flows through the single fuel supply port into the nozzle housing (7), and then acts on the plunger (3) after passing through the long hole (11) of the support housing (2) of the flow regulating mechanism. Since the oil pressure is low at this time, the plunger (3) cannot be pushed to move, and the main oil circuit is not opened, and the fuel only flows out along the outer edge of the support housing (2) into the nozzle auxiliary oil circuit, thereby forming ignition conditions such as pressure atomization characteristics, which are used for engine ignition;

[0015] After the engine state is improved, the oil pressure increases, and the fuel flow pushes the plunger (3) to gradually protrude from the supporting housing (2). Then, the convex hole (15) cooperates with the fixed housing (8) to form a main oil supply hole, and the main oil circuit is opened; as the oil pressure increases, the opening of the oil supply hole increases, thereby realizing the flow regulation function.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The present invention provides a flow regulating mechanism, which is assembled in a nozzle housing with a single oil supply port, and adjusts the plunger opening by oil pressure, thereby realizing the opening and flow regulation of the nozzle main oil circuit while satisfying the ignition characteristics such as atomization of the nozzle auxiliary oil circuit. This structure cancels the design structure of the dual oil circuit pipeline system for supplying oil to the nozzle, so that the main and auxiliary oil circuits share a single oil circuit system, reducing a large number of parts and components, including the main pipe, branch pipes, upstream oil supply pipelines and fuel distribution components, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the weight of the engine and reducing the production, manufacturing, use, maintenance and repair costs.

[0018] The present invention has been applied to engines and has been effectively implemented. The method is expected to be applied to other types of engines in the future while ensuring the structural design of components and reliable installation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the assembly of the flow regulating mechanism and the nozzle in the present invention (in order to show the structure of the flow regulating mechanism, the other components in the nozzle housing are not shown, wherein the solid line is the flow regulating mechanism and the dotted line is the nozzle housing);

[0020] Figure 2 It is a front view of the supporting shell in the flow regulating mechanism;

[0021] Figure 3 A top view of a supporting shell in the flow regulating mechanism;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a front view of the plunger in the flow regulating mechanism;

[0023] Figure 5 is a side view of a plunger in a flow regulating mechanism;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a gland in a flow regulating mechanism;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a front view of an adjusting gasket in a flow regulating mechanism;

[0026] Figure 8 A top view of an adjusting gasket in a flow regulating mechanism;

[0027] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a spring in a flow regulating mechanism;

[0028] Fig.10 The action effect of the flow regulating mechanism in the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0029] Fig.11 The action effect of the flow regulating mechanism in the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0030] in,

[0031] 1-flow regulating mechanism, 2-support housing, 3-plunger, 4-pressure cover, 5-adjusting gasket, 6-spring, 7-nozzle housing, 8-fixed housing, 9-support rod, 10-bump, 11-long hole, 12-matching ring, 13-plug ring, 14-plug rod, 15-convex hole, 16-groove, 17-pressure plate, 18-step hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the technical solutions and effects of the present invention are described in detail below through specific implementation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Through the study of aircraft engine fuel supply pipeline system, the pipeline structure of the main and auxiliary dual oil pipeline system is analyzed, and the dual oil pipeline is optimized into a single oil pipeline. It is necessary to control the oil pressure on the one hand to ensure the ignition characteristics such as the atomization of the nozzle auxiliary oil pipeline, and on the other hand to realize the opening and flow regulation function of the nozzle main oil pipeline.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Based on this, the present invention proposes a flow regulating mechanism 1, such as Figure 1-9 As shown, it includes a support shell 2 with a cavity inside and a plunger 3 sleeved inside the support shell 2 and movable along its axial direction, and the upper and lower ends of the plunger 3 protrude outward from the support shell 2. A gland is provided on the upper part of the plunger 3, and an adjustment gasket 5 is provided between the inner ring surface of the gland and the plunger 3. A spring 6 is provided between the gland and the support shell 2, and the spring 6 serves as an auxiliary control part of the entire flow regulating mechanism.

[0036] The support shell 2 is the supporting body of the flow regulating mechanism 1, and also plays the role of regulating the oil supply hole of the main oil circuit. It includes a support rod 9 and a fixed shell 8, and the outer diameter of the fixed shell 8 is larger than the outer diameter of the support rod 9. The outer edge of the fixed shell 8 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 10 for fixed connection with the nozzle shell; the outer edge hollow part between the protrusions 10 is used for the fuel flow of the nozzle auxiliary oil circuit. The fixed shell 8 has a waterline structure inside, including a plurality of waterline grooves arranged along the axial direction of the fixed shell 8 at intervals, which are used to form a sealing surface with the plunger 3. The transition part between the fixed shell 8 and the support rod is provided with a long hole 11 for the fuel flow of the nozzle main oil circuit. The hollow structure of the support rod 9 is mainly used to fix the plunger 3, and the inner convexity of the support rod 9 forms a matching ring 12 for matching with the plunger 3.

[0037] The plunger 3 is the core part of the flow regulating mechanism 1, including a plug ring 13 and a plug rod 14. The plug ring 13 is sleeved on the outside of the bottom of the plug rod 14, and the plug ring 13 and the bottom of the plug rod 14 are fixedly connected. The plug ring 13 is the main device that withstands the oil pressure push. A convex hole 15 is opened on the ring surface, which is the basis for forming the main oil circuit oil supply hole. The plug rod is the support for forming the main oil circuit oil supply hole. The convex hole 15 is a combination of a trapezoid and a rectangle, and has the function of buffering the fuel flow. The plug rod 14 is the support of the plunger 3. The top and middle of the plug rod 14 are thickened parts, which are respectively used to cooperate with the pressure cover 4 and the support rod 9 of the support shell 2. The four ends of the outer edge of the thickened part of the middle part of the plug rod 14 that cooperates with the support rod 9 are milled flat to supplement the fuel flow of the main oil circuit. An annular groove 16 is opened on the upper part of the plug rod 14 for placing the adjustment gasket 5.

[0038] The adjusting gasket 5 is an initial adjusting device of the adjusting mechanism and is a hollow-shaped structure, and is used to adjust the initial position of the plunger 3 and fix the gland 4 .

[0039] The gland 4 is an internal fixing device of the adjustment mechanism, connecting the plunger and the spring; the gland 4 is mounted on the plunger rod 14 of the plunger 3, and is a fixing device for the spring 6. The large end of the gland 4 is a convex pressure plate 17, and the spring 6 is fixed between the pressure plate 17 and the fixed housing 8, and the spring 6 is compressed by the pressure plate 17. A step hole 18 is opened in the middle of the gland 4, and the large diameter end is located at the upper part, which is used to assemble the adjustment gasket 5.

[0040] The flow regulating mechanism 1 is an integral assembly component, and the assembly process is as follows:

[0041] First, insert the plunger 3 into the center of the support shell 2, and then put the spring 6 on the outside of the support shell 2; then put the pressure cover 4 with the small end facing downward on the plunger 3, and compress the spring 6; finally, assemble the adjusting gasket 5 between the large diameter end of the step hole 18 of the pressure cover 4 and the groove 16 of the plunger 3 to complete the assembly of the flow regulating mechanism 1.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] This embodiment provides a nozzle oil circuit conversion control method, which is as follows:

[0044] The flow regulating mechanism 1 provided in the embodiment 1 is assembled inside the nozzle housing 7 with a single oil supply port. When the engine is ignited and started, the fuel flows into the nozzle housing 7 through the single oil supply port, and then acts on the plunger 3 after passing through the long hole 11 of the support housing 2. Since the oil pressure is small at this time, it is not enough to resist the pulling force of the spring 6, and the plunger 3 cannot be pushed to move, and the main oil circuit is not opened. Fig.10As shown, the incoming fuel flow also cannot break through the sealing surface formed by the support shell 2 and the plunger 3, so the fuel only flows out along the outer edge of the support shell 2 and enters the nozzle auxiliary oil circuit, thus forming ignition conditions such as pressure atomization characteristics for engine ignition.

[0045] After the engine status is improved, the oil pressure increases, and the fuel flow can push the plunger 3, gradually protruding from the supporting housing 2, and the convex hole 15 cooperates with the fixed housing 8 to form the main oil supply hole, so as to open the main oil circuit. Fig.11 As shown, as the oil pressure increases, the opening of the oil supply hole increases, realizing the flow regulation function.

[0046] The flow regulating mechanism 1 provided by the present invention is assembled in the nozzle housing 7. The nozzle housing 7 only needs to have a single oil supply port. The oil pressure and the spring 6 are used to control the extension and retraction of the plunger 3, thereby realizing the required function.

Claims

1. A flow regulating mechanism, characterized in that: The invention comprises a support shell (2) and a plunger (3) which is sleeved inside the support shell (2) and can move along the axial direction thereof, wherein the upper and lower ends of the plunger (3) protrude outward from the inside of the support shell (2); a pressure cover is arranged on the upper part of the plunger (3), and an adjustment gasket (5) is arranged between the inner ring surface of the pressure cover and the plunger (3); and an elastic component is arranged between the pressure cover and the support shell (2).

2. A flow regulating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support housing (2) comprises a support rod (9) and a fixed housing (8), wherein the outer diameter of the fixed housing (8) is larger than the outer diameter of the support rod (9); a waterline structure is provided inside the fixed housing (8) for forming a sealing surface with the plunger (3); a long hole (11) is provided at the transition portion between the fixed housing (8) and the support rod for the flow of fuel in the main oil circuit of the nozzle; and a matching ring (12) is formed inside the support rod (9) for matching with the plunger (3).

3. A flow regulating mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed housing (8) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (10) on the outer edge for fixed connection with the nozzle housing; the outer edge hollowed-out portions between the protrusions (10) are used for the flow of fuel in the nozzle auxiliary oil circuit.

4. A flow regulating mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The interior of the support rod (9) is a hollow structure and is used to fix the plunger (3).

5. A flow regulating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plunger (3) comprises a plunger ring (13) and a plunger rod (14); the plunger ring (13) is sleeved on the outer side of the bottom of the plunger rod (14); the plunger ring (13) and the bottom of the plunger rod (14) are fixedly connected; a convex hole (15) is provided on the annular surface of the plunger ring (13), which is the basis for forming the oil supply hole of the main oil circuit; the top and middle of the plunger rod (14) are thickened parts, which are respectively used to cooperate with the pressure cover (4) and the support rod (9) of the supporting shell (2); an annular groove (16) is provided on the upper part of the plunger rod (14) for accommodating an adjustment gasket (5).

6. A flow regulating mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The convex hole (15) is a combination of a trapezoid and a rectangle, and has a fuel flow buffering function.

7. A flow regulating mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The four ends of the outer edges of the thickened portion of the middle part of the plug rod (14) that matches the support rod (9) are milled flat to supplement the flow of fuel in the main oil circuit.

8. A flow regulating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting gasket (5) is a slot-shaped structure.

9. A flow regulating mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure cover (4) is mounted on the plug rod (14) of the plunger (3) and is a fixing device for the elastic component. The large end of the pressure cover (4) is a pressure plate (17) convexly arranged outwardly. The spring (6) is fixed between the pressure plate (17) and the supporting shell (2) and is pressed by the pressure plate (17). A step hole (18) is opened in the middle of the pressure cover (4) for assembling the adjustment gasket (5).

10. A nozzle oil circuit conversion control method, characterized in that: A flow regulating mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, specifically as follows: A flow regulating mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is assembled inside a nozzle housing (7) with a single fuel supply port. When the engine is ignited and started, the fuel flows through the single fuel supply port into the nozzle housing (7), and then acts on the plunger (3) after passing through the long hole (11) of the support housing (2) of the flow regulating mechanism. Since the oil pressure is low at this time, the plunger (3) cannot be pushed to move, and the main oil circuit is not opened, and the fuel only flows out along the outer edge of the support housing (2) into the nozzle auxiliary oil circuit, thereby forming ignition conditions such as pressure atomization characteristics, which are used for engine ignition; After the engine state is improved, the oil pressure increases, and the fuel flow pushes the plunger (3) to gradually protrude from the supporting housing (2). Then, the convex hole (15) cooperates with the fixed housing (8) to form a main oil supply hole, and the main oil circuit is opened; as the oil pressure increases, the opening of the oil supply hole increases, thereby realizing the flow regulation function.

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