Method and device for preparing dirty high-salinity wet snow by using sand and dust atmospheric sediment components

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for preparing dirty high-salinity wet snow by using sand and dust atmospheric sediment components, and relates to the technical field of high-voltage external insulation, and the method comprises the following steps: collecting environmental atmospheric particulates, saline-alkali soil samples and sand and dust samples of monitoring points; performing component analysis on the collected saline-alkali soil sample, the sand and dust sample and the ambient atmospheric particulates by utilizing a chemiluminescence technology, and determining component characteristics of the high-salinity dirt; adopting a Bayesian mixture model to determine contribution proportions of high-salinity dirt from different sample sources; according to the component characteristics and the contribution proportion, atmospheric aerosol is adopted for component simulation, and the atmospheric aerosol is prepared; the method comprises the following steps: crushing atmospheric aerosol, mixing the crushed atmospheric aerosol with artificial snowfall, and combining with a wet sedimentation method to obtain dirty high-salt wet snow with the same components as dust atmospheric sediments; the dirty high-salt wet snow with unqualified indexes is removed, and finally qualified dirty high-salt wet snow is obtained and used for simulating formation of icing on the insulator in the sand and dust climate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of high-voltage external insulation, and in particular to a method and device for configuring dirty high-salinity wet snow using components of sand and dust atmospheric precipitation. Background Art

[0002] Dust atmospheric deposition refers to the process in which dust particles, after being transported through the atmosphere, settle to the ground due to gravity or precipitation. These sediments not only contain the mineral components of the dust itself, but may also carry pollutants from industrial emissions, traffic exhaust and other sources. Sandstorms are an extreme form of dust atmospheric deposition, which has a significant impact on the environment and human activities.

[0003] For example, during the spring dust storm, the pollution characteristics and source analysis of atmospheric aerosols of different particle sizes in Beijing showed that the mass concentration of particulate matter increased significantly during the dust storm, including water-soluble organic carbon, elemental carbon, organic carbon and water-soluble inorganic ions. The increase in these components will lead to a decrease in air quality and have adverse effects on human health. Sandstorm activities have a significant impact on the concentration of nutrients in atmospheric wet deposition, and the wet deposition of these nutrients has always been a hot topic of research at home and abroad. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of surface contamination of transmission line insulators caused by dust atmospheric precipitation, and to provide a method and device for configuring dirty high-salinity wet snow using dust atmospheric precipitation components.

[0005] The above-mentioned purpose of the present application is achieved through the following technical solutions: S1: A preset number of monitoring points are fixed in the area affected by the sandstorm climate; detection is carried out when the sandstorm climate is severe or not, and a preset number of groups of ambient atmospheric particulate matter are collected from the lines around the monitoring points; S2: Collect a preset number of saline-alkali land samples and a preset number of dust samples from monitoring points; S3: Use chemiluminescence technology to analyze the composition of the collected dust atmospheric precipitation to determine the composition characteristics of high-salinity dirt; dust atmospheric precipitation includes: saline-alkali land samples, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter; S4: A Bayesian mixture model was used to determine the contribution ratios of saline-alkali land samples, dust samples, and ambient atmospheric particulate matter; S5: Based on the composition characteristics and contribution ratio, atmospheric aerosols are used to simulate the composition and configure atmospheric aerosols with the same composition as dust atmospheric precipitation; S6: crushing the prepared atmospheric aerosol and mixing it with artificial snowfall, and combining it with the wet deposition method to obtain dirty high-salinity wet snow with the same composition as the dust atmospheric deposition; S7: Testing the atmospheric aerosol of dirty high-salinity wet snow, removing the dirty high-salinity wet snow with unqualified indicators, and obtaining the final qualified dirty high-salinity wet snow; S8: The formation of ice on insulators in a dusty climate is simulated through the final qualified dirty high-salt wet snow.

[0006] Optionally, step S3 includes: S31: Input high-purity nitrogen as carrier gas to detect the airtightness of the gas path; The nitrate solution is injected into a 0.1M acidic vanadium trichloride solution heated to a constant temperature of 95°C in a water bath through the injection port of the device, so that the nitrate reacts with the vanadium trichloride to generate NO gas; NO gas was passed through a 2M sodium hydroxide solution at 0°C; S32: inputting the NO gas purified by the sodium hydroxide solution into a NOx Analyzer detector; In the NOx Analyzer, NO gas reacts with the excess ozone generated by the NOx Analyzer and is converted into an excited state. , get the signal of NOx Analyzer detector; S33: The signal of the NOx Analyzer detector is converted into a voltage signal, and combined with the scanning spectrum method, the nitrate concentration values ​​of multiple groups of saline-alkali land, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter are obtained, that is, the component characteristics of high-salinity dirt are determined.

[0007] Optionally, step S7 includes: measuring the water-soluble organic carbon and total water-soluble inorganic salts in the atmospheric aerosol of dirty high-salinity wet snow.

[0008] Optionally, the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum of atmospheric aerosols is tested by a UV-visible spectrophotometer and a fluorescence photometer.

[0009] Optionally, atmospheric aerosols are tested for anions and cations.

[0010] A dirty high-salinity wet snow device is configured using dust atmospheric precipitation components, the device comprising: a data acquisition device, a NO generation module, a NOx Analyzer detector, a data processing module, a dirty high-salinity wet snow configuration device, and a dirty high-salinity wet snow testing device; The NOx generation module, the NOx Analyzer detector and the data processing module are connected in sequence; The data acquisition equipment is used to collect saline-alkali land samples, sand and dust samples, and ambient atmospheric particulate matter; The NOx generation module and NOx Analyzer are used to analyze the components of the collected saline-alkali land samples, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter to determine the component characteristics of high-salinity dirt; The data processing module is used to convert the signal of the NOx Analyzer detector into a voltage signal, and obtain the nitrate concentration values ​​of multiple groups of saline-alkali land, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter by combining the method of scanning the spectrum; The data processing module is also used to determine the contribution ratio of high-salinity dirt from different sample sources using a Bayesian mixture model; The dirty high-salinity wet snow configuration device is used to configure an atmospheric aerosol with the same composition as the dust atmospheric precipitation by using atmospheric aerosol for component simulation according to the component characteristics and contribution ratio; the configured atmospheric aerosol is crushed and mixed with artificial snowfall, and combined with a wet deposition method, to obtain dirty high-salinity wet snow with the same composition as the dust atmospheric precipitation; The dirty high-salinity wet snow testing equipment is used to test dirty high-salinity wet snow to obtain final qualified dirty high-salinity wet snow.

[0011] Optionally, the dirty high-salinity wet snow testing equipment includes: a TOC-L analyzer, a TNM-L analyzer, a UV-visible spectrophotometer, a fluorescence photometer, and an ion chromatography module.

[0012] A computer-readable storage medium stores instructions. When the instructions are executed, a method for configuring dirty high-salinity wet snow using dust atmospheric precipitation components is performed.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this application are: 1. Collect ambient atmospheric particulate matter, saline-alkali land samples and dust samples at a preset number of monitoring points in the dust climate affected area; the convenience of sample data extraction, the representativeness of samples and the richness of data samples are greatly improved compared with the mainstream evaluation method of sampling and offline detection.

[0014] 2. The salt composition characteristics of dust atmospheric precipitation were analyzed using chemiluminescence technology and Bayesian model. The Bayesian model can effectively combine prior knowledge and new sampling data to update the estimation of unknown parameters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which: Figure 1 is a step diagram in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the chemiluminescence method for determining the concentration of halogen salts, nitrates and other ions in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 This is a flow chart of mixing atmospheric aerosol and artificial snowfall obtained after component simulation in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present application, the specific implementation methods of the present application are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] The embodiments of the present application provide a method for configuring dirty high-salinity wet snow using dust atmospheric precipitation components.

[0018] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a step diagram of a method for configuring dirty high-salinity wet snow using dust atmospheric precipitation components in an embodiment of the present application, including: S1: A preset number of monitoring points are fixed in the area affected by the sandstorm climate; detection is carried out when the sandstorm climate is severe or not, and a preset number of groups of ambient atmospheric particulate matter are collected from the lines around the monitoring points; S2: Collect a preset number of saline-alkali land samples and a preset number of dust samples from monitoring points; S3: Use chemiluminescence technology to analyze the composition of the collected dust atmospheric precipitation to determine the composition characteristics of high-salinity dirt; dust atmospheric precipitation includes: saline-alkali land samples, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter; Step S3 includes: S31: High-purity nitrogen is input into the entire device as a carrier gas to detect the airtightness of the gas path; Specifically, the detailed model of the device is NOx ANALYAER-MODEL T200U, produced by Teledyne Company of the United States.

[0019] The nitrate solution is injected into a 0.1M acidic vanadium trichloride solution heated to a constant temperature of 95°C in a water bath through the injection port of the device, so that the nitrate reacts with the vanadium trichloride to generate NO gas; NO gas was passed through a 2M sodium hydroxide solution at 0°C; Specifically, NO gas (nitrogen oxides) will follow the carrier gas through a 2M sodium hydroxide solution at 0°C, lowering the gas temperature and absorbing the hydrochloric acid volatilized during the process, thereby preventing subsequent device components from being corroded.

[0020] S32: inputting the NO gas purified by the sodium hydroxide solution into a NOx Analyzer detector; In the NOx Analyzer, NO gas reacts with the excess ozone generated by the NOx Analyzer and is converted into an excited state. , get the signal of NOx Analyzer detector; Specifically, the excited state Photons are released on the way back to the ground state, resulting in chemiluminescence. When the ozone content is in excess, the number of photons released by the reaction is proportional to the NO concentration, which also means that the signal strength in the NOx Analyzer detector is also proportional to the salt concentration in the sample.

[0021] S33: The signal of the NOx Analyzer detector is converted into a voltage signal, and combined with the scanning spectrum method, the nitrate concentration values ​​of multiple groups of saline-alkali land, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter are obtained, that is, the component characteristics of high-salinity dirt are determined.

[0022] In one embodiment, chemiluminescence is used to measure the nitrate concentration of saline-alkali land samples, dust samples, and ambient atmospheric particulate matter (e.g. Figure 2 As shown): High-purity nitrogen is input as the carrier gas into the entire device to test the airtightness of the gas line. Then use a disposable syringe to inject the nitrate solution through the device inlet into the 0.1M acidic vanadium trichloride solution heated to a constant temperature of 95°C in a water bath, so that the nitrate and vanadium trichloride undergo a reduction reaction to generate NO gas. NO gas will pass through a 2M sodium hydroxide solution at 0°C with the carrier gas. This step can reduce the gas temperature and the hydrochloric acid that evaporates during the absorption process, thereby preventing subsequent device components from being corroded. The NO gas purified by the sodium hydroxide solution will come to the NOx Analyzer detector. In the NOxAnalyzer detector, the NO gas will react with the excess ozone generated by the detector and convert into an excited state. The excited state generated On the way back to the ground state, photons are emitted, and chemiluminescence occurs. When the ozone content is excessive, the number of photons emitted by the reaction is proportional to the NO concentration, which also means that the signal value in the detector is also proportional to the salt concentration in the sample.

[0023] S4: A Bayesian mixture model was used to determine the contribution ratios of saline-alkali land samples, dust samples, and ambient atmospheric particulate matter; S5: Based on the composition characteristics and contribution ratio, atmospheric aerosols are used to simulate the composition and configure atmospheric aerosols with the same composition as dust atmospheric precipitation; S6: crushing the prepared atmospheric aerosol and mixing it with artificial snowfall, and combining it with the wet deposition method to obtain dirty high-salinity wet snow with the same composition as the dust atmospheric deposition; Specifically, the wet deposition method is used to make the mixed snow particles further absorb atmospheric aerosol particles and trace salt components in the atmospheric aerosol particles during the descent process, thereby obtaining dirty high-salinity wet snow with a composition that is basically the same as that of the dust atmospheric deposition materials; S7: Testing the atmospheric aerosol of dirty high-salinity wet snow, removing the dirty high-salinity wet snow with unqualified indicators, and obtaining the final qualified dirty high-salinity wet snow; Step S7 includes: measuring the water-soluble organic carbon and total water-soluble inorganic salts in the atmospheric aerosol of dirty high-salinity wet snow.

[0024] Specifically, the organic carbon, organic nitrogen and inorganic salt contents of wet deposition samples (atmospheric aerosols) were measured by TOC-L and TNM-L analyzers (Shimadzu, Japan). Different gradient standard solutions were prepared using potassium hydrogen phthalate and potassium nitrate, and then the corresponding standard curves were drawn by machine testing, and finally the actual samples were quantitatively analyzed using the external standard method. For the determination of the two indicators of water-soluble organic carbon and total water-soluble inorganic salts, the samples must be filtered with a 0.22μm hydrophilic PTFE filter head (Anpu, China) in advance before being measured on the machine.

[0025] Step S7 also includes: testing the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum of the atmospheric aerosol by using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer and a fluorescence photometer.

[0026] In one embodiment, a UV-visible spectrophotometer (U3900H, Hitachi) and a fluorescence photometer (Fluoromax-4, Horiba) were used to test the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum (Excitation-Emission Matrix, EEM) of the wet precipitation sample. Before the sample was tested on the machine, it was filtered using a 0.22 μm hydrophilic PTFE filter head (Anpu, China). Ultrapure water was used as a blank sample to calibrate the EEM spectrum intensity.

[0027] Step S7 also includes: testing the anions and cations of the atmospheric aerosol.

[0028] Specifically, the anions and cations of the wet precipitation samples were tested and analyzed using an ion chromatography system (Dionex Aquion, Thermo Scientific, America). The samples were filtered in advance using a 0.22 μm hydrophilic PTFE filter head (Anpu, China) and then placed in an automatic sampler (Dionex AS-DV) for testing. The test indicators include: . Use the standards of each ion. Different gradient standard solutions are prepared for the substances, and finally the external standard method is used for quantitative analysis. In the analytical test, ultrapure water is used as the process control blank sample to ensure the accuracy of the test.

[0029] Specifically, with Source Contribution Salt-like Bayes The model formula for the mixture is as follows:

[0030]

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] in, It is a mixture Salt-like Vector, mixture middle Salt-like measurements, Is the source Top mixture Salt value Vector, Is the source Top mixture The nutrient enrichment factor value Vector, is a mixture with covariance matrix The residual term of vector.

[0034] k-source contribution: refers to the contribution of k different sources to a certain mixture.

[0035] J types of salt: may refer to j different types of salts contained in the mixture.

[0036] Bayesian N mixture: A Bayesian mixture model is a statistical model used to estimate the proportion of contributions from different sources to a mixture. N may refer to the number of components or the number of samples included in the mixture.

[0037] The overall meaning is: use a Bayesian mixture model to estimate the contribution of k different sources to a mixture containing j salts.

[0038] S8: The formation of ice on insulators in a dusty climate is simulated through the final qualified dirty high-salt wet snow.

[0039] In one embodiment, sandstorm activity has a significant effect on the concentration of nutrients in atmospheric wet deposition, and the wet deposition of these nutrients has always been a hot topic of research at home and abroad. When considering the use of dust atmospheric deposition components to configure dirty, high-salinity wet snow, it is necessary to take into account the various pollutants and nutrients that may be contained in these depositions. These components are of great significance to the physical properties, chemical properties and environmental impact of wet snow. The method of configuring dirty, high-salinity wet snow needs to comprehensively consider the composition characteristics, sources, and potential impacts of dust atmospheric deposition on the environment and human activities. Such research is of great value in understanding the impact of sandstorms on the environment, improving air quality, and protecting insulators from high-salinity pollution.

[0040] In one embodiment, Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the mixing of atmospheric aerosol and artificial snowfall after component simulation.

[0041] A dirty high-salinity wet snow device is configured using dust atmospheric precipitation components, the device comprising: a data acquisition device, a NO generation module, a NOx Analyzer detector, a data processing module, a dirty high-salinity wet snow configuration device, and a dirty high-salinity wet snow testing device; The NOx generation module, the NOx Analyzer detector and the data processing module are connected in sequence; The data acquisition equipment is used to collect saline-alkali land samples, sand and dust samples, and ambient atmospheric particulate matter; The NOx generation module and NOx Analyzer are used to analyze the components of the collected saline-alkali land samples, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter to determine the component characteristics of high-salinity dirt; The data processing module is used to convert the signal of the NOx Analyzer detector into a voltage signal, and obtain the nitrate concentration values ​​of multiple groups of saline-alkali land, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter by combining the method of scanning the spectrum; The data processing module is also used to determine the contribution ratio of high-salinity dirt from different sample sources using a Bayesian mixture model; The dirty high-salinity wet snow configuration device is used to configure an atmospheric aerosol with the same composition as the dust atmospheric precipitation by using atmospheric aerosol for component simulation according to the component characteristics and contribution ratio; the configured atmospheric aerosol is crushed and mixed with artificial snowfall, and combined with a wet deposition method, to obtain dirty high-salinity wet snow with the same composition as the dust atmospheric precipitation; The dirty high-salinity wet snow testing equipment is used to test dirty high-salinity wet snow to obtain final qualified dirty high-salinity wet snow.

[0042] The dirty high-salinity wet snow testing equipment includes: a TOC-L analyzer, a TNM-L analyzer, a UV-visible spectrophotometer, a fluorescence photometer, and an ion chromatography module.

[0043] The present application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a plurality of instructions suitable for a processor to load in order to execute the above-mentioned method of configuring dirty high-salinity wet snow using dust atmospheric precipitation components.

[0044] The above are only exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and cannot be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. That is, any equivalent changes and modifications made according to the teachings of the present disclosure are still within the scope of the present disclosure. After considering the disclosure of the specification and the truth of practice, those skilled in the art will easily think of other embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0045] This application is intended to cover any variation, use or adaptation of the present disclosure, which follows the general principles of the present disclosure and includes common knowledge or customary technical means in the art not described in the present disclosure. The description and examples are to be regarded as exemplary only, and the scope and spirit of the present disclosure are defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing dirty high-salinity wet snow using dust atmospheric precipitation components, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: A preset number of monitoring points are fixed in the area affected by the sandstorm climate; detection is carried out when the sandstorm climate is severe or not, and a preset number of groups of ambient atmospheric particulate matter are collected from the lines around the monitoring points; S2: Collect a preset number of saline-alkali land samples and a preset number of dust samples from monitoring points; S3: Use chemiluminescence technology to analyze the composition of the collected dust atmospheric precipitation to determine the composition characteristics of high-salinity dirt; dust atmospheric precipitation includes: saline-alkali land samples, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter; S4: A Bayesian mixture model was used to determine the contribution ratios of saline-alkali land samples, dust samples, and ambient atmospheric particulate matter; S5: Based on the composition characteristics and contribution ratio, atmospheric aerosols are used to simulate the composition and configure atmospheric aerosols with the same composition as dust atmospheric precipitation; S6: crushing the prepared atmospheric aerosol and mixing it with artificial snowfall, and combining it with the wet deposition method to obtain dirty high-salinity wet snow with the same composition as the dust atmospheric deposition; S7: Testing the atmospheric aerosol of dirty high-salinity wet snow, removing the dirty high-salinity wet snow with unqualified indicators, and obtaining the final qualified dirty high-salinity wet snow; S8: The formation of ice on insulators in a dusty climate is simulated through the final qualified dirty high-salt wet snow.

2. A method for preparing dirty high-salinity wet snow using dust atmospheric precipitation components as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Step S3 includes: S31: Input high-purity nitrogen as carrier gas to detect the airtightness of the gas path; The nitrate solution is injected into a 0.1M acidic vanadium trichloride solution heated to a constant temperature of 95°C in a water bath through the injection port of the device, so that the nitrate reacts with the vanadium trichloride to generate NO gas; NO gas was passed through a 2M sodium hydroxide solution at 0°C; S32: inputting the NO gas purified by the sodium hydroxide solution into a NOx Analyzer detector; In the NOx Analyzer, NO gas reacts with the excess ozone generated by the NOx Analyzer and is converted into an excited state. , get the signal of NOx Analyzer detector; S33: The signal of the NOx Analyzer detector is converted into a voltage signal, and combined with the scanning spectrum method, the nitrate concentration values ​​of multiple groups of saline-alkali land, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter are obtained, that is, the component characteristics of high-salinity dirt are determined.

3. The method for preparing dirty high-salinity wet snow using dust atmospheric precipitation components as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Step S7 includes: measuring the water-soluble organic carbon and total water-soluble inorganic salts in the atmospheric aerosol of dirty high-salinity wet snow.

4. A method for preparing dirty high-salinity wet snow using dust atmospheric precipitation components as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Step S7 also includes: testing the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum of the atmospheric aerosol by using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer and a fluorescence photometer.

5. The method for preparing dirty high-salinity wet snow using dust atmospheric precipitation components as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Step S7 also includes: testing the anions and cations of the atmospheric aerosol.

6. A device for preparing dirty high-salinity wet snow using dust atmospheric precipitation components, used to implement a method for preparing dirty high-salinity wet snow using dust atmospheric precipitation components as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The device comprises: data acquisition equipment, NOx generation module, NOx Analyzer detector, data processing module, dirty high-salinity wet snow configuration equipment, dirty high-salinity wet snow testing equipment; The NOx generation module, the NOx Analyzer detector and the data processing module are connected in sequence; The data acquisition equipment is used to collect saline-alkali land samples, sand and dust samples, and ambient atmospheric particulate matter; The NOx generation module and NOx Analyzer are used to analyze the components of the collected saline-alkali land samples, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter to determine the component characteristics of high-salinity dirt; The data processing module is used to convert the signal of the NOx Analyzer detector into a voltage signal, and combine it with the method of scanning the spectrum to obtain the nitrate concentration values ​​of multiple groups of saline-alkali land, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter; The data processing module is also used to determine the contribution ratio of high-salinity dirt from different sample sources using a Bayesian mixture model; The dirty high-salinity wet snow configuration device is used to configure an atmospheric aerosol with the same composition as the dust atmospheric precipitation by using atmospheric aerosol for component simulation according to the component characteristics and contribution ratio; the configured atmospheric aerosol is crushed and mixed with artificial snowfall, and combined with a wet deposition method, to obtain dirty high-salinity wet snow with the same composition as the dust atmospheric precipitation; The dirty high-salinity wet snow testing equipment is used to test dirty high-salinity wet snow to obtain final qualified dirty high-salinity wet snow.

7. A method for preparing dirty high-salinity wet snow using dust atmospheric precipitation components as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The dirty high-salinity wet snow testing equipment includes: a TOC-L analyzer, a TNM-L analyzer, a UV-visible spectrophotometer, a fluorescence photometer, and an ion chromatography module.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed by a computer, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is executed.

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