Archaistic wood structure beam-column two-way connection mortise and tenon joint and mounting method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building structures, in particular to an archaized wood structure beam-column two-way connection mortise and tenon joint and a mounting method of the archaized wood structure beam-column two-way connection mortise and tenon joint. When the wooden column serves as a middle column, a wooden beam is inserted into each mortise, and after the four wooden beams are meshed or spliced with one another, wooden plugs are plugged into the mortises of the wooden column so as to fix the four wooden beams to the wooden column, and bidirectional connection of the middle column and the wooden beams is achieved; when the wooden column serves as a corner column, one wooden beam is inserted into every two adjacent mortises, and after the two wooden beams are meshed or spliced, wooden plugs are plugged into the mortises of the wooden column so as to fix the two wooden beams to the wooden column, and bidirectional connection of the corner column and the wooden beams is achieved; through the arrangement of the wooden columns, the mortises and the wooden beams, when the wooden columns serve as middle columns / corner columns, bidirectional connection between the wooden columns and the wooden beams can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building structures, and in particular to a bidirectional mortise and tenon joint for connecting beams and columns of an antique wooden structure and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In ancient Chinese traditional architecture, wooden structures play a very important role, among which mortise and tenon joints are one of the essences of traditional Chinese wooden structures. With the continuous development of society and construction techniques, engineers have created various types of mortise and tenon joints, such as through tenon, half tenon, dovetail tenon, etc.

[0003] As mentioned above, common mortise and tenon joints for wood structures include through-mortise, half-mortise, and dovetail tenon joints; Among them, the through tenon and half tenon have no special anti-pull-out design, especially in today's society with high defense requirements, this type of tenon is prone to pull-out and fall-off under the action of earthquakes; and although the traditional dovetail tenon has a certain anti-pull-out ability, the beam-column connection not only greatly weakens the column cross-section, but also under the action of bending moment, the rotation constraint of the beam is completely borne by the column. In addition to bearing the axial pressure, the wooden column has to bear the reaction force generated by the rotation of the constrained beam, which puts higher requirements on the bearing capacity of the wooden column.

[0004] In view of this, patent CN106906906A proposes a vertical semi-dovetail beam-column connection method, which forms a certain bite and restriction between the two wooden beam components, reducing the burden on the wooden column.

[0005] However, the above invention does not take into account the bidirectional connection between wooden columns and wooden beams in wooden frame construction, especially the connection between wooden columns facing the center columns and corner columns and wooden beams in two directions, which cannot be achieved using only the technology of the above invention. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a bidirectional mortise and tenon joint for connecting beams and columns of an antique wooden structure and an installation method thereof, which can solve the problems or defects of traditional mortise and tenon joints that are easy to be pulled out and have high requirements on the bearing capacity of wooden columns. The specific scheme is as follows: A bidirectional mortise and tenon joint for connecting beams and columns of an antique wooden structure, comprising a wooden column, a mortise and a wooden beam; the wooden column is used as a center column or a corner column of a wooden structure; the mortise is provided on the side of the wooden column along the X direction and the Y direction, and four mortise are evenly distributed along the circumference of the wooden column; the four mortise are presented in the wooden column in a mutually connected manner; When the wooden column is used as the center column: A wooden beam is inserted into each of the mortise holes, and after the four wooden beams are engaged or spliced ​​with each other, wooden plugs are inserted into the mortise holes of the wooden columns to fix the four wooden beams on the wooden columns, thereby realizing a two-way connection between the center column and the wooden beams; When wooden columns are used as corner columns: A wooden beam is inserted into two adjacent mortise holes, and after the two wooden beams are engaged or spliced ​​with each other, wooden plugs are inserted into the mortise holes of the wooden column to fix the two wooden beams on the wooden column, thereby realizing a two-way connection between the corner column and the wooden beam.

[0007] Furthermore, one end of the wooden beam inserted into the wooden column is formed with a tenon, and a tenon groove is formed on the tenon.

[0008] Furthermore, the width of the mortise is consistent with the width of the wooden beam; The height of the mortise in the X direction is consistent with the height of the wooden beam; The height of the mortise in the Y direction is 1 / 4 higher than the height of the wooden beam, which facilitates the entry of the tenon of the wooden beam in the Y direction and finally places the wooden plug therein.

[0009] Furthermore, the four wooden beams on the central column are specifically beam one, beam two, beam three and beam four; The first beam and the fourth beam are made in the same manner, and the tenon grooves on the tenons are opened inwards; The second beam and the third beam are made in the same manner, and the tenon grooves on the tenons are opened outwards; The tenon grooves of the first beam and the second beam are interlocked and engaged with each other; The mortise and tenon positions of the beam three and the beam four are interlocked and engaged with each other; The beams 1 and 3 are matched and engaged in the mortises in the X direction, and the reserved mortise width needs to be just consistent with the width of the mortises in the Y direction, so that the beams 2 and 4 can be inserted and passed through the mortises in the Y direction.

[0010] Furthermore, when the wooden column is used as a center column, the height of the tenon of the wooden beam is 1 / 2 of the height of the wooden beam, and the height of the tenon groove is 1 / 4 of the height of the wooden beam.

[0011] Furthermore, when the wooden column is used as a center column, the bottom end surfaces of the mortise holes are at the same height.

[0012] Furthermore, the two wooden beams on the corner column are specifically: beam five and beam six; The height of the tenon groove on the fifth beam is about 1 / 2 of the height of the wooden beam, and the height of the tenon groove on the sixth beam is about 1 / 4 of the height of the wooden beam. The widths of the tenon grooves of both beams match the widths of the mortise holes.

[0013] Furthermore, when the wooden column is used as a corner column, the bottom end of the mortise in any Y direction protrudes a certain height, which is about 1 / 4 of the height of the wooden beam, and the remaining positions are consistent with the method of opening the mortise on the center column.

[0014] Furthermore, a through hole is axially opened in the middle of the wooden column, and two ends of the through hole are respectively extended toward the top of the wooden column and the inner edge of the mortise; A plurality of the wooden beams are provided with a connecting hole, and the connecting hole is located at the center of the mortise and tenon groove; Among them, the centers of the connecting holes on the wooden beams after perforation and bite splicing are on the same axis.

[0015] The present application also provides a method for installing a bidirectional mortise and tenon joint for an antique wood structure beam column, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Insert beam 1 into the wooden column from the mortise in the X direction, and make the mortise of beam 1 coincide with the mortise in the Y direction; S2, insert the second beam into the wooden column from the upper edge of the mortise in the Y direction until the tenon groove of the second beam just matches the tenon groove of the first beam, and then drop the second beam to make the tenon groove of the second beam match and bite into the tenon groove of the first beam; S3, insert beam 3 into the wooden column from another X-direction mortise, so that beam 3 is spliced ​​with the tenon of beam 1; S4, insert beam 4 into the wooden column from the upper edge of the mortise in the other Y direction until the mortise of beam 4 is exactly matched with the mortise of beam 3. At this time, beam 4 and beam 3 are also exactly butted. Then, drop beam 4 so that the mortise of beam 4 and beam 3 are matched and engaged. S5. After all the wooden beams are matched and snapped together, wedge the wooden plugs into the wooden plug holes to secure all the wooden beams in the wooden column serving as the center column.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can at least achieve the following beneficial effects: The present invention can realize bidirectional connection between the wooden column and the wooden beam by setting the wooden column, the mortise and tenon and the wooden beam when the wooden column is used as the center column / corner column, thereby providing a new type of node for the construction of wooden frames in the repair of ancient buildings, the construction of antique wooden buildings and the construction of wooden structures; This type of mortise and tenon joint improves on the traditional mortise and tenon joints by using the protruding parts of the tenons of the wooden beams to tie them together, which not only solves the problem of traditional through tenons and half tenons that are easy to pull out, but also reduces the burden on wooden columns by using the mutual engagement and restraint of wooden beams in two directions, thus realizing the improvement of wooden columns and beams from one-way connection to two-way connection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the wooden column of the present invention as a center column and a wooden beam.

[0019] Figure 3This is a structural schematic diagram of the wooden column of the present invention as a central column and the four wooden beam mortise and tenon grooves thereon.

[0020] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram from another perspective.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the engagement structure of beam 1 and beam 2 or beam 3 and beam 4 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the wooden column of the present invention being used as a central column, on which wooden beams are installed one by one.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the wooden column of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wooden column used as a corner column in the present invention.

[0025] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the wooden column used as a corner column and a wooden beam according to the present invention.

[0026] Fig.10 This is a schematic structural diagram of the wooden column of the present invention used as a corner column and the two wooden beam mortise and tenon grooves thereon.

[0027] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the wooden column of the present invention used as a corner column.

[0028] Fig.12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connecting holes on the wooden beam of the present invention.

[0029] The reference numerals are as follows: 100. Wooden column; 101. Mortise; 102. Wooden beam; 1021. Beam one; 1022. Beam two; 1023. Beam three; 1024. Beam four; 1025. Beam five; 1026. Beam six; 103. Tenon; 104. Mortise and tenon; 105. Wooden plug; 106. Perforation; 107. Connecting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a bidirectional mortise and tenon joint for connecting beams and columns of an antique wooden structure, comprising a wooden column 100, a mortise 101 and a wooden beam 102. The wooden column 100 can be used as a center column or a corner column of a wooden structure. For ease of understanding, two directions, X and Y, are pre-set on the wooden column 100. The mortise 101 is opened on the side of the wooden column 100 along the X direction and the Y direction, and four mortise 101 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the wooden column 100. The four mortise 101 are presented in the wooden column 100 in a mutually connected manner. When wooden column 100 is used as the center column: like Figure 2 As shown, a wooden beam 102 is inserted into each mortise 101, and after the four wooden beams 102 are engaged or spliced ​​with each other, wooden plugs 105 are inserted into the mortise 101 of the wooden column 100 to fix the four wooden beams 102 on the wooden column 100, thereby realizing a two-way connection between the center column and the wooden beams 102; When wooden column 100 is used as a corner column: like Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, a wooden beam 102 is inserted into two adjacent mortises 101, and after the two wooden beams 102 are engaged or spliced ​​with each other, a wooden plug 105 is inserted into the mortise 101 of the wooden column 100 to fix the two wooden beams 102 on the wooden column 100, thereby realizing a two-way connection between the corner column and the wooden beam 102; In summary, when the wooden column 100 is used as the center column or corner column of a wooden structure building, the wooden beams 102 on the wooden column 100 can be interlocked and spliced ​​with each other, thereby realizing the improvement of the wooden column 100 and the wooden beam 102 from a one-way connection to a two-way connection. No nails or iron are required to realize the two-way connection between the wooden column 100 and the wooden beam 102, which not only enhances the stability and durability of the wooden structure building, but also demonstrates the exquisiteness and beauty of traditional Chinese wooden structure craftsmanship.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a tenon 103 is formed at one end of the wooden beam 102 inserted into the wooden column 100, and a tenon groove 104 is formed on the tenon 103; by forming the tenon 103 on the wooden beam 102 and setting the tenon groove 104 on the tenon 103, the wooden beams 102 can be bitten and spliced, further improving the stability of the wooden beam 102 installed on the wooden column 100.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the width of the mortise 101 matches the width of the beam 102, so as to ensure that after the beam 102 / tenon 103 is inserted into the mortise 101, there will be no looseness / shaking on both sides of the beam 102, ensuring that the two are tightly combined to ensure the stability of the installation and structural nodes; Figure 4 and Figure 2As shown, the height of the mortise 101 in the X direction is consistent with the height of the wooden beam 102, so as to ensure that after the end of the wooden beam 102 adjacent to the wooden column 100 is inserted into the mortise 101, the wooden beam 102 will not loosen / sway up and down, thereby ensuring the stability of the installation and structural nodes; the height of the mortise 101 in the Y direction is 1 / 4 higher than the height of the wooden beam 102, which is convenient for the entry of the tenon 103 of the wooden beam 102 in the Y direction, and finally the wooden plug 105 is placed therein, thereby realizing the dual precise positioning and stable connection of the wooden beam 102 in the X and Y directions of the wooden column 100.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in order to facilitate the understanding of the positional relationship, the four wooden beams 102 on the central column are specifically beam 1 1021, beam 2 1022, beam 3 1023 and beam 4 1024; beam 1 1021 and beam 4 1024 are made in the same manner, and the tenon grooves 104 on their tenons 103 are opened to the inside; beam 2 1022 and beam 3 1023 are made in the same manner, and the tenon grooves 104 on their tenons 103 are opened to the outside; the tenon grooves 104 of beam 1 1021 and beam 2 1022 are interlocked and engaged with each other ; The tenon grooves 104 of the third beam 1023 and the fourth beam 1024 are interlocked with each other; the first beam 1021 and the third beam 1023 are matched and engaged in the mortise 101 in the X direction, and the width of the reserved tenon groove 104 needs to be exactly consistent with the width of the mortise 101 in the Y direction, so that the second beam 1022 and the fourth beam 1024 can smoothly pass through the mortise 101 in the Y direction, thereby realizing the stable connection of the four wooden beams 102 on the central column, and improving the strength and durability of the entire structure; When the wooden column 100 is used as the middle column, the specific installation steps of the four wooden beams 102 thereon are as follows: S1, insert the beam 1021 into the wooden column 100 from the X-direction mortise 101, and make the mortise 104 of the beam 1021 coincide with the Y-direction mortise 101; S2, insert the second beam 1022 into the wooden column 100 from the upper edge of the mortise 101 in the Y direction until the tenon groove 104 of the second beam 1022 just matches the tenon groove 104 of the first beam 1021, and drop the second beam 1022 to make the second beam 1022 match and bite the tenon groove 104 of the first beam 1021; S3, insert the third beam 1023 into the wooden column 100 from the mortise 101 in the other X direction, so that the third beam 1023 is spliced ​​with the tenon 103 of the first beam 1021; S4, insert the fourth beam 1024 into the wooden column 100 from the upper edge of the mortise 101 in the other Y direction until the tenon groove 104 of the fourth beam 1024 is exactly matched with the tenon groove 104 of the third beam 1023. At this time, the fourth beam 1024 and the third beam 1023 are also exactly connected. Then, drop the fourth beam 1024 so that the tenon groove 104 of the fourth beam 1024 and the third beam 1023 are matched and engaged. S5. After all the wooden beams 102 are matched and engaged, the wooden plugs 105 are wedged into the wooden plug holes to fix all the wooden beams 102 in the wooden column 100 serving as the center column; Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Fig.12 As shown, it should be noted that the length of the tenon 103 on each wooden beam 102 is approximately equal to the diameter of the wooden column 100, and the tenon 103 of the wooden column 100 can be fully extended into the mortise 101, thereby forming a better support and restriction for the tenon 103, and the tenons 103 of the wooden beam 102 are in a stacked state, and the node stability at the connection between the wooden beam 102 and the wooden column 100 is higher; and the load of the wooden column 100 is reduced by the mutual engagement and restriction of the wooden beams 102 in two directions; In the prior art, the length of the tenons of the bidirectionally connected wooden beams is mostly half of the diameter of the wooden column. After the two are connected in the wooden column, if the wooden beam is long and heavy or when disasters such as earthquakes occur, the strength of the nodes at the connection between the existing wooden beams and the wooden columns is weak compared to the node connection strength of the present application; however, in the present application, the length of the tenon 103 on each wooden beam 102 is equal to the diameter of the wooden column 100, and a bidirectional connection in two directions can be formed. At the same time, the four wooden beams 102 are interlocked and matched with each other, ensuring the firmness and safety of the structure.

[0035] Reference Figure 3 As shown, when the wooden column 100 is used as a center column, considering the bidirectional connection (for ease of understanding in this application, it is assumed to be in the X / Y directions), four wooden beams 102 are actually required to be installed, and the height of the tenon 103 of each wooden beam 102 is 1 / 2 of the height of the wooden beam 102; Figure 5 As shown, by reserving 1 / 2 of the space, it is ensured that the tenons 103 of two wooden beams 102 in the same direction can be placed on each other; Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the height of the mortise and tenon 104 on each wooden beam 102 is 1 / 4 of the overall height of the wooden beam 102, so that the bite between the mortise and tenon 104 can fit to the greatest extent, and the top / bottom end surfaces of the four wooden beams 102 after bite and splicing are flush, thereby forming a solid whole.

[0036] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, when the wooden column 100 is used as a central column, the bottom end surfaces of the mortise 101 thereon are at the same height; and the top / bottom end surfaces of the above-mentioned four wooden beams 102 are flush after being spliced ​​together. After the wooden beams 102 are placed in the mortise 101, it can be ensured that the four wooden beams 102 are at the same height, thereby improving the uniformity and regularity of the state of the wooden beams 102 and ensuring the beauty of the wooden beams 102 on the wooden column 100.

[0037] Reference Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, when the wooden column 100 is used as a corner column, the two wooden beams 102 thereon are specifically: a fifth beam 1025 and a sixth beam 1026; the height of the tenon groove 104 on the fifth beam 1025 is about 1 / 2 of the height of the wooden beam 102, and the height of the tenon groove 104 on the sixth beam 1026 is about 1 / 4 of the height of the wooden beam 102, and the widths of the tenon grooves 104 of both coincide with the width of the mortise 101; It can be understood that the side corner of the sixth beam 1026 extending into the mortise 101 is 1 / 4 of the overall height of the cut wooden beam 102, and its purpose is that the fifth beam 1025 is first inserted into the mortise 101 in the X direction, and then the sixth beam 1026 only needs to be vertically extended into the mortise 101 in the Y direction along the tenon groove 104 of the fifth beam 1025, and the cut-off part of the sixth beam 1026 forms a space to avoid the fifth beam 1025, so that the sixth beam 1026 is convenient when it is finally inserted, thereby improving the installation efficiency; When the wooden column 100 is used as a corner column, the specific installation steps of the two wooden beams 102 thereon are as follows: S1, insert the mortise 101 of the fifth beam 1025 along the X direction into the wooden column 100, and make the tenon groove 104 of the fifth beam 1025 coincide with the mortise 101 in the Y direction; S2, insert the sixth beam 1026 along the upper edge of the mortise 101 in the Y direction until the tenon groove 104 of the sixth beam 1026 just matches the tenon groove 104 of the fifth beam 1025, and drop the sixth beam 1026 to make the sixth beam 1026 match and engage with the tenon groove 104 of the fifth beam 1025; S3. After all the wood beams 102 are matched and engaged, the wood plugs 105 are wedged into the wood plug holes to fix all the wood beams 102 in the wood columns 100 serving as corner columns.

[0038] Reference Figure 8 and Fig.11As shown, when the wooden column 100 is used as a corner column, since 1 / 4 of the side corner of the above-mentioned beam 6 1026 is cut off, after the installation of the fifth beam 1025 and the sixth beam 1026, there will be a gap of 1 / 4 of the height of the wooden beam 102 between the sixth beam 1026 and the bottom end surface of the mortise 101 in the Y-axis direction; for this reason, the bottom end of the mortise 101 in the Y-direction away from the insertion direction of the sixth beam 1026 protrudes by a certain height, which is about 1 / 4 of the height of the wooden beam 102, and the above-mentioned gap is compensated by this protruding height, so that after the installation of the fifth beam 1025 and the sixth beam 1026, the mortise 101 on the side of the wooden column 100 are all filled, and the method of opening the mortise 101 in the remaining positions on the wooden column 100 is consistent with the method of opening the mortise 101 on the center column.

[0039] Reference Figure 3 and Fig.10 As shown, the inner surface of the tongue and groove 104 can be pasted with viscous damping material or friction energy-absorbing material. Increasing friction can increase the energy-absorbing capacity of the node. By hindering the movement of the object through friction, kinetic energy will be converted into internal energy and dissipated in the form of heat energy.

[0040] Reference Fig.12 As shown, unlike the damping or energy dissipation materials, a through hole 106 may be axially opened in the middle of the wooden column 100, and the two ends of the through hole 106 are respectively extended toward the top of the wooden column 100 and the inner edge of the mortise 101; a connecting hole 107 is opened through the plurality of wooden beams 102, and the connecting hole 107 is located at the center of the mortise groove 104; wherein, the through hole 106 and the connecting hole 107 on the wooden beam 102 after the occlusal splicing are located on the same axis; Can be as Figure 1 and Fig.12 As shown, after the four wooden beams 102 are inserted into the wooden column 100, a wooden pin with a diameter equal to the connecting hole 107 can be selected and inserted from the through hole 106 at the top of the wooden column 100 from top to bottom, and extends into the four connecting holes 107, and finally the wooden plug 105 is forcibly inserted, so that the wooden pin beyond the top of the beam 1024 can be broken, and the wooden pin located in the connecting holes 107 of the four wooden beams 102 can make the connection between the four wooden beams 102 stable, further constrain the matching and biting wooden beams 102, ensure the stability of the wooden beams 102 on the wooden column 100, and be more convenient in terms of the method of pasting friction materials; Glue injection can also be used to replace wooden pins. Some wooden beams 102 are actually installed on the upper part or waist of the wooden column 100, not at the top of the wooden column 100; in this case, the through hole 106 cannot be opened at the top of the wooden column 100 as expected. Therefore, after the four wooden beams 102 are inserted into the wooden column 100, a glue injection pipe (a syringe connected to a hose, the glue can be resin glue, etc., which is a well-known technology and will not be repeated) can be used to force the glue into the connecting hole 107 from the space reserved on the upper edge of the mortise 101 in the Y-axis direction. When injecting glue, the glue can fill the connecting hole 107 and the mortise 104 / tenon 103 during the outflow process. The surface (the wooden plug 105 is not inserted at this time, and the four tenons 103 are not completely close together, and there is a gap for the glue to flow in), and finally the wooden plug 105 is inserted, so that the glue in the tenon grooves 104 of the four wooden beams 102 is squeezed by the wooden plug 105 and fills the tenon grooves 104, preventing the formation of gaps at the connection between the tenon 103 and the tenon groove 104, so as to form an additional fixing effect. Of course, its purpose is also to prevent the wooden beam 102 from making noises or loosening in the subsequent process; as far as the wooden pin fixation is concerned, this fixing method has a wide bonding area, a stronger bonding effect, and a convenient means, and at the same time has an insect-proof effect after filling the gap; It should be added that the above means are not only applicable to the connection between the wooden column 100 and the wooden beam 102 when it is used as a center column, but also applicable to the connection between the wooden column 100 and the wooden beam 102 when it is used as a corner column.

[0041] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bidirectional mortise and tenon joint for beams and columns of an antique wooden structure, characterized in that: include, A wooden column (100) used as a center column or corner column in a wooden structure; Mortise holes (101) are provided on the side of the wooden column (100) along the X direction and the Y direction, and four mortise holes (101) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the wooden column (100); the four mortise holes (101) are presented in the wooden column (100) in a manner of being interconnected; When the wooden column (100) is used as the center column: A wooden beam (102) is inserted into each of the mortises (101), and after the four wooden beams (102) are engaged or spliced ​​with each other, wooden plugs (105) are inserted into the mortises (101) of the wooden column (100) to fix the four wooden beams (102) on the wooden column (100), thereby realizing a two-way connection between the center column and the wooden beams (102); When the wooden column (100) is used as a corner column: A wooden beam (102) is inserted into two adjacent mortises (101), and after the two wooden beams (102) are engaged or spliced ​​with each other, a wooden plug (105) is inserted into the mortise (101) of the wooden column (100) to fix the two wooden beams (102) on the wooden column (100), thereby realizing a bidirectional connection between the corner column and the wooden beam (102).

2. The bidirectional mortise and tenon joint for connecting beams and columns of an antique wooden structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A tenon (103) is formed at one end of the wooden beam (102) inserted into the wooden column (100), and a tenon groove (104) is formed on the tenon (103).

3. The bidirectional mortise and tenon joint for connecting beams and columns of an antique wooden structure as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The width of the mortise (101) matches the width of the wooden beam (102); The height of the mortise (101) in the X direction is consistent with the height of the wooden beam (102); The height of the mortise (101) in the Y direction is 1 / 4 higher than the height of the wooden beam (102), so as to facilitate the entry of the tenon (103) of the wooden beam (102) in the Y direction, and finally place the wooden plug (105) therein.

4. The antique wood structure beam-column bidirectional connection mortise and tenon joint as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The four wooden beams (102) on the central column are specifically beam one (1021), beam two (1022), beam three (1023) and beam four (1024); The first beam (1021) and the fourth beam (1024) are manufactured in the same manner, and the tenon groove (104) on the tenon (103) is opened inward; The second beam (1022) and the third beam (1023) are manufactured in the same manner, and the tenon groove (104) on the tenon (103) is opened outward; The tenon grooves (104) of the first beam (1021) and the second beam (1022) are interlocked and engaged with each other; The tenon grooves (104) of the third beam (1023) and the fourth beam (1024) are interlocked and engaged with each other; The first beam (1021) and the third beam (1023) are matched and engaged in the mortise (101) in the X direction, and the width of the reserved mortise (104) needs to be exactly consistent with the width of the mortise (101) in the Y direction, so that the second beam (1022) and the fourth beam (1024) can be inserted and passed through the mortise (101) in the Y direction.

5. The bidirectional mortise and tenon joint for connecting beams and columns of an antique wooden structure as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: When the wooden column (100) is used as a center column, the height of the tenon (103) of the wooden beam (102) is 1 / 2 of the height of the wooden beam (102), and the height of the tenon groove (104) is 1 / 4 of the height of the wooden beam (102).

6. The antique wood structure beam-column bidirectional connection mortise and tenon joint according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the wooden column (100) is used as a center column, the bottom end surfaces of the mortise holes (101) are at the same height.

7. The bidirectional mortise and tenon joint for connecting beams and columns of an antique wooden structure as claimed in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The two wooden beams (102) on the corner column are specifically: beam five (1025) and beam six (1026); The height of the tenon groove (104) on the fifth beam (1025) is approximately 1 / 2 of the height of the wooden beam (102), and the height of the tenon groove (104) on the sixth beam (1026) is approximately 1 / 4 of the height of the wooden beam (102). The widths of the tenon grooves (104) of both beams are consistent with the width of the mortise (101).

8. The bidirectional mortise and tenon joint for connecting beams and columns of an antique wood structure as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: When the wooden column (100) is used as a corner column, the bottom end of the mortise (101) in any Y direction protrudes a certain height, which is approximately 1 / 4 of the height of the wooden beam (102), and the remaining positions are the same as the method of opening the mortise (101) on the center column.

9. The bidirectional mortise and tenon joint for connecting beams and columns of an antique wooden structure as claimed in claim 4 or 8, characterized in that: A through hole (106) is axially formed in the middle of the wooden column (100), and two ends of the through hole (106) extend toward the top of the wooden column (100) and the inner edge of the mortise (101) respectively; A communication hole (107) is formed through each of the plurality of wooden beams (102), and the communication hole (107) is located at the center of the mortise and tenon groove (104); The centers of the through hole (106) and the connecting hole (107) on the wooden beam (102) after the engagement and splicing are located on the same axis.

10. A method for installing a bidirectional mortise and tenon joint for beams and columns of an antique wooden structure, characterized in that: The installation method uses the antique wood structure beam-column bidirectional connection mortise and tenon joint as claimed in claim 5, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, inserting the first beam (1021) into the wooden column (100) from the X-direction mortise (101), and making the mortise (104) of the first beam (1021) coincide with the Y-direction mortise (101); S2, inserting the second beam (1022) into the wooden column (100) from the upper edge of the mortise (101) in the Y direction until the tenon groove (104) of the second beam (1022) coincides with the tenon groove (104) of the first beam (1021), and dropping the second beam (1022) so that the tenon groove (104) of the second beam (1022) and the first beam (1021) match and engage with each other; S3, inserting the third beam (1023) into the wooden column (100) from the other X-direction mortise (101), so that the third beam (1023) is spliced ​​with the tenon (103) of the first beam (1021); S4, inserting the fourth beam (1024) into the wooden column (100) from the upper edge of the mortise (101) in the other Y direction until the tenon groove (104) of the fourth beam (1024) is exactly matched with the tenon groove (104) of the third beam (1023), at which time the fourth beam (1024) and the third beam (1023) are also exactly butted, and the fourth beam (1024) is dropped so that the tenon grooves (104) of the fourth beam (1024) and the third beam (1023) are matched and engaged; S5. After all the wooden beams (102) are matched and engaged, wooden plugs (105) are wedged into the wooden plug holes to fix all the wooden beams (102) in the wooden column (100) serving as the center column.

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