High-temperature structural damage monitoring sensor with hollow structure

Abstract

The invention provides a structural damage signal monitoring sensor with a hollow-out characteristic, which is realized by a signal sensitive element of the sensor formed by a hollow-out base body structure, a lattice-shaped signal transmission module, an annular signal transmission module, a signal collection module and a signal sensitive component, through the special hollow-out base body structure and the dot-matrix-shaped signal transmission module, the distributed sensing function of signals is achieved, and the sensing interface of the signals is expanded; by adopting the annular signal transmission module and the signal collection module, the columnar collection function of signals is realized, and the energy of the signals is enhanced; the design of the device considers the rationality of the mounting gap, is convenient to maintain and replace components, and has wide application prospects and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of structural damage monitoring, and relates to a high-temperature structural damage monitoring sensor with a hollow structure, and in particular to a sensor proposed to meet the structural damage monitoring needs of aircraft heat-bearing structures under a mechanical-thermal coupling load environment. Background Art

[0002] The loads experienced by near-space high-speed vehicles throughout their life cycle are complex and severe, which poses a huge challenge to the integrity and reliability of the thermal protection system.

[0003] However, the current damage monitoring of thermal protection systems is mainly based on laboratory environments at room temperature, and its results are difficult to reveal the damage characteristics and propagation laws under high temperature conditions. Damage acoustic emission testing under high temperature conditions is a prominent difficulty faced in current research work. For heat-bearing structures, high-temperature force-heat tests that simulate real service environments are an important part of the application process of composite materials, which also poses new challenges to the damage acoustic emission sensing methods under extreme thermal environments. The surface temperature of the test piece in the force-heat coupling test is generally higher than the upper limit operating temperature of ordinary acoustic emission sensors, especially for high temperature environments above 1000°C, and there is currently a lack of available acoustic emission sensing elements. In addition, due to the complexity of the boundaries of this heat-bearing structure itself (reinforcement, bolt / pin connection structure, temperature unevenness, etc.) and the wave propagation path, the propagation characteristics of the acoustic emission wave in the monitored structure are very complex, which greatly affects the accuracy of structural damage location. How to perceive the damage signal of the structure under extreme high temperature conditions and then accurately locate the damaged part urgently needs breakthroughs in theory and method.

[0004] At present, there are some technologies and devices on the market for damage monitoring of heat-bearing structures under mechanical and thermal coupling load environments, such as the design of using metal rods to transmit acoustic emission test signals from the high-temperature end to the low-temperature end. These technologies and devices can realize the testing of damage signals to a certain extent, but due to the existence of the intermediate waveguide rod, the acoustic emission wave suffers large losses during propagation, and the propagation path is changed, resulting in serious distortion of the measured acoustic emission signal waveform, and serious loss of important and useful information about the damage source. Only some inherent acoustic emission signal characteristic parameters can be obtained, such as ringing count, energy, amplitude, frequency, etc., and it is impossible to obtain complete and true acoustic emission signal time domain full waveform data, which is not conducive to engineering promotion and application.

[0005] Therefore, how to design a structural damage monitoring sensor for use in a mechanical-thermal coupling load environment has become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of high-temperature structure research and development. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related art.

[0007] To this end, the present invention provides a high-temperature structural damage monitoring sensor with a hollow structure. The present invention adds a signal sensing structure with a hollow feature on the basis of a traditional acoustic emission sensor, and can realize damage monitoring of heat-bearing structures under a mechanical-thermal coupling load environment. The sensor has a simple principle, good reliability, modular replacement, small space occupation, and is convenient for miniaturized design.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a high temperature structural damage monitoring sensor with a hollow structure is provided, the sensor comprising: a hollow base structure, an upper end cover, a lower end cover, a multi-layer lattice signal transmission module component, a multi-layer ring signal transmission module component, a multi-layer signal collection module component and a signal sensitive component;

[0009] The hollow base structure comprises multiple layers of cylinders with openings at both ends, and the multiple layers of cylinders are nested from the inside to the outside in sequence. Multiple groups of hollow structures are evenly spaced along the circumference of the cylinder on any of the cylinders, and any group of hollow structures is composed of multiple hollow holes, and the multiple hollow holes are evenly spaced in sequence along the axis direction of the cylinder. The hollow structures on the multiple layers of cylinders are designed in the same position, and any hollow hole on the cylinder can find a hollow hole arranged opposite to it on other cylinders;

[0010] The upper end cover and the lower end cover are used to respectively close the upper end opening and the lower end opening of the hollow base structure;

[0011] The multi-layer lattice signal transmission module assembly is used to collect the acoustic emission signals of the hollow base structure, and is arranged between two adjacent cylinders and arranged in sequence along the axis direction of the cylinder. Any layer of the lattice signal transmission module assembly includes a plurality of lattice signal transmission modules and a plurality of connecting rod assemblies. The plurality of lattice signal transmission modules are located in the same plane and are arranged in sequence along the circumference of the cylinder at uniform intervals. The lattice signal transmission modules are located between two oppositely arranged hollow holes on two adjacent cylinders, and the three are arranged on the same center line. Any of the lattice signal transmission modules is connected to the cylinders on both sides through the connecting rod assembly.

[0012] The multi-layer ring signal transmission module components and the multi-layer dot matrix signal transmission module components are arranged one by one and are used to collect signals of the dot matrix signal transmission modules. Any layer of the ring signal transmission module components includes a plurality of ring signal transmission modules. The plurality of ring signal transmission modules connect the dot matrix signal transmission modules in series on the same plane to form a closed ring structure.

[0013] The multi-layer signal collection module components are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multi-layer annular signal transmission module components, and are arranged in the innermost cylinder, for focusing the signal of the annular signal transmission module and transmitting the signal to the signal sensitive component. Any layer of the signal collection module component includes a signal collection module and a plurality of connecting rods. The signal collection module and the corresponding annular signal transmission module are located on the same layer and are respectively connected to a plurality of lattice signal transmission modules located on the same layer through a plurality of connecting rods. The signal collection module is a cylindrical cavity structure, and all cylindrical cavity structures are connected;

[0014] The signal sensitive component is arranged on the lower end cover and located in the innermost cylinder, and is used for converting the received signal into an electrical signal.

[0015] Furthermore, the gap between any two adjacent layers of cylinders is less than 5 mm, and the number of layers is at least 2.

[0016] Furthermore, the hollow hole is in a square or hexagonal shape.

[0017] Furthermore, the wall thickness of the cylinder is less than 1 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, the multi-layer annular signal transmission module assembly has at least 3 layers.

[0019] Furthermore, the hollow matrix structure is made of high-temperature ceramic-based composite material.

[0020] Furthermore, the lattice signal transmission module is made of zirconium oxide ceramic material.

[0021] Furthermore, the annular signal transmission module is made of high-temperature ceramic material.

[0022] Furthermore, the sensor also includes a heat insulation component, and the heat insulation component is distributed between adjacent cylinders to isolate external heat radiation and control the internal temperature of the sensor.

[0023] Furthermore, the thermal insulation component is made of aerogel material.

[0024] The sensor proposed in the above technical solution adopts a special hollow matrix structure, a dot matrix signal transmission module, a ring signal transmission module and a signal collection module, etc., which realizes the distributed sensing function of the signal and expands the sensing interface of the signal; realizes the columnar collection function of the signal and enhances the energy of the signal; realizes the efficient sensing function of the signal and solves the problem of weak energy of the damage monitoring signal of the heat-bearing structure under the mechanical and thermal coupling load environment. The sensor of the present invention is modular in design, easy to disassemble, simple in structure, flexible in replacement, low in cost, compact in structure and small in space occupation, and has broad application prospects in structural damage monitoring in high temperature environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The included drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, which constitute a part of the specification, are used to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, and together with the text description, explain the principles of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 This is the appearance diagram of the high temperature structure damage monitoring sensor of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the high-temperature structural damage monitoring sensor of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A hollow base structure provided according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 A dot matrix signal and ring signal transmission module provided according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0031] 1. Hollow base structure, 2. Dot matrix signal transmission module, 3. Ring signal transmission module, 4. Signal collection module, 5. Signal sensitive component, 6. Thermal insulation component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0034] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be regarded as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1-4As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, a high-temperature structural damage monitoring sensor with a hollow structure is provided, and the sensor includes: a hollow base structure 1, an upper end cover, a lower end cover, a multi-layer lattice signal transmission module component, a multi-layer ring signal transmission module component, a multi-layer signal collection module component and a signal sensitive component 5; the hollow base structure 1 includes a plurality of cylinders with openings at both ends, and the multi-layer cylinders are sequentially nested from the inside to the outside. Any of the cylinders is evenly spaced along the circumference of the cylinder, and any group of hollow structures is composed of a plurality of hollow holes, and the plurality of hollow holes are evenly spaced in sequence along the axis direction of the cylinder. The hollow structure is designed in the same position, and any hollow hole on the cylinder can find a hollow hole arranged opposite to it on other cylinders; the upper end cover and the lower end cover are used to close the upper end opening and the lower end opening of the hollow base structure 1 respectively; the multi-layer lattice signal transmission module assembly is used to collect the acoustic emission signals of the hollow base structure 1, and is arranged between two adjacent cylinders and arranged in sequence along the axis direction of the cylinder. Any layer of the lattice signal transmission module assembly includes a plurality of lattice signal transmission modules 2 and a plurality of connecting rod assemblies. The plurality of lattice signal transmission modules 2 are located in the same plane and are arranged in sequence along the circumference of the cylinder at uniform intervals. The transmission module 2 is located between two hollow holes arranged opposite to each other on two adjacent cylinders, and the three are arranged on the same center line. Any of the dot matrix signal transmission modules 2 is connected to the cylinders on both sides through a connecting rod assembly; the multi-layer annular signal transmission module assembly is arranged one-to-one with the multi-layer dot matrix signal transmission module assembly, and is used to collect the signals of the dot matrix signal transmission module 2. Any layer of the annular signal transmission module assembly includes a plurality of annular signal transmission modules 3, and the plurality of annular signal transmission modules 3 connect the dot matrix signal transmission modules 2 in series on the same plane to form a closed annular structure; the multi-layer signal collection module assembly and the multi-layer annular signal transmission module assembly The components are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and are arranged in the innermost cylinder to focus the signal of the annular signal transmission module 3 and transmit the signal to the signal sensitive component 5. Any layer of the signal collection module component includes a signal collection module 4 and a plurality of connecting rods. The signal collection module 4 is located on the same layer as the corresponding annular signal transmission module 3 and is connected to a plurality of lattice signal transmission modules 2 located on the same layer through a plurality of connecting rods. The signal collection module 4 is a cylindrical cavity structure, and adjacent cylindrical cavity structures are also connected by connecting rods; the signal sensitive component 5 is arranged on the lower end cover and is located in the innermost cylinder to convert the received signal into an electrical signal.

[0036] In this embodiment, the hollow base structure 1 is used to support the internal components of the entire sensor, and its material is preferably a high-temperature ceramic-based composite material. The lattice signal transmission module 2 is partially made of high-temperature resistant materials. The embodiment of the present invention uses zirconium oxide ceramic material, which has high temperature resistance and signal conduction function.

[0037] In this embodiment, the dot matrix signal transmission modules 2 are distributed between two layers of hollow base structures 1, the dot matrix center point is located in the middle of the opening of the single-layer hollow base structure 1, and the connection line of all dot matrix centers in the same layer can form a ring.

[0038] In this embodiment, the signal collection module 4 is a cylindrical cavity structure, and its upper and lower surface sections are hyperbolic. The top and bottom of the cylindrical cavity structure have connecting rods for collecting signals, wherein the bottom signal collection module 4 is connected to the signal sensitive component 5 through the connecting rod.

[0039] It can be seen that the sensor proposed in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a special hollow matrix structure, a dot matrix signal transmission module, a ring signal transmission module and a signal collection module, etc., which realizes the distributed sensing function of the signal and expands the sensing interface of the signal; realizes the columnar collection function of the signal and enhances the energy of the signal; realizes the efficient sensing function of the signal and solves the problem of weak energy of the damage monitoring signal of the heat-bearing structure under the mechanical-thermal coupling load environment. In addition, the sensor of the embodiment of the present invention is modular in design, easy to disassemble, simple in structure, flexible to replace, low in cost, compact in structure and small in space, and has broad application prospects in structural damage monitoring in high temperature environments.

[0040] Preferably, the gap between any two adjacent layers of cylinders is less than 5 mm, and the number of layers is at least 2.

[0041] Preferably, the hollow hole is square or hexagonal in shape.

[0042] Preferably, the wall thickness of the cylinder is less than 1 mm.

[0043] Preferably, the multi-layer annular signal transmission module assembly has at least three layers, and the number can be increased appropriately according to the length of the sensor.

[0044] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sensor further comprises a heat insulation component 6, and the heat insulation component is distributed between adjacent cylinders to isolate external heat radiation and control the internal temperature of the sensor.

[0045] Preferably, the thermal insulation component 6 is made of aerogel material.

[0046] In summary, the present invention relates to a structural damage signal monitoring sensor with hollow features, wherein the damage signal monitoring function is realized by the hollow base structure, the lattice signal transmission module, the ring signal transmission module, the signal collection module, and the signal sensitive component together forming the signal sensitive element of the sensor. Through the special hollow base structure and the lattice signal transmission module, the distributed perception function of the signal is realized, and the perception interface of the signal is expanded; the use of the ring signal transmission module and the signal collection module realizes the columnar collection function of the signal and enhances the energy of the signal; the device design takes into account the rationality of the installation gap, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement of components, and has broad application prospects and economic benefits.

[0047] Features described and / or illustrated above for one embodiment may be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments, and / or combined with or used in place of features in other embodiments.

[0048] It should be emphasized that the term "include / comprises" when used herein refers to the presence of features, integers, steps or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, components or combinations thereof.

[0049] The above method of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, or by hardware combined with software. The present invention relates to such a computer-readable program, which, when executed by a logic component, enables the logic component to implement the above-mentioned device or component, or enables the logic component to implement the above-mentioned various methods or steps. The present invention also relates to a storage medium for storing the above program, such as a hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a DVD, a flash memory, etc.

[0050] The many features and advantages of these embodiments are apparent from this detailed description, and thus the appended claims are intended to cover all such features and advantages of these embodiments that fall within their true spirit and scope. Furthermore, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not intended that the embodiments of the invention be limited to the exact construction and operation illustrated and described, but rather all suitable modifications and equivalents falling within the scope thereof are intended to be covered.

[0051] Parts of the present invention that are not described in detail are well known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A high temperature structural damage monitoring sensor having a hollow structure, characterized in that: The sensor comprises: a hollow base structure, an upper end cover, a lower end cover, a multi-layer lattice signal transmission module component, a multi-layer ring signal transmission module component, a multi-layer signal collection module component and a signal sensitive component; The hollow base structure comprises multiple layers of cylinders with openings at both ends, and the multiple layers of cylinders are nested from the inside to the outside in sequence. Multiple groups of hollow structures are evenly spaced along the circumference of the cylinder on any of the cylinders, and any group of hollow structures is composed of multiple hollow holes, and the multiple hollow holes are evenly spaced in sequence along the axis direction of the cylinder. The hollow structures on the multiple layers of cylinders are designed in the same position, and any hollow hole on the cylinder can find a hollow hole arranged opposite to it on other cylinders; The upper end cover and the lower end cover are used to respectively close the upper end opening and the lower end opening of the hollow base structure; The multi-layer lattice signal transmission module assembly is used to collect the acoustic emission signals of the hollow base structure, and is arranged between two adjacent cylinders and arranged in sequence along the axis direction of the cylinder. Any layer of the lattice signal transmission module assembly includes a plurality of lattice signal transmission modules and a plurality of connecting rod assemblies. The plurality of lattice signal transmission modules are located in the same plane and are arranged in sequence along the circumference of the cylinder at uniform intervals. The lattice signal transmission modules are located between two oppositely arranged hollow holes on two adjacent cylinders, and the three are arranged on the same center line. Any of the lattice signal transmission modules is connected to the cylinders on both sides through the connecting rod assembly. The multi-layer ring signal transmission module components and the multi-layer dot matrix signal transmission module components are arranged one by one and are used to collect signals of the dot matrix signal transmission modules. Any layer of the ring signal transmission module components includes a plurality of ring signal transmission modules. The plurality of ring signal transmission modules connect the dot matrix signal transmission modules in series on the same plane to form a closed ring structure. The multi-layer signal collection module components are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multi-layer annular signal transmission module components, and are arranged in the innermost cylinder, for focusing the signal of the annular signal transmission module and transmitting the signal to the signal sensitive component. Any layer of the signal collection module component includes a signal collection module and a plurality of connecting rods. The signal collection module and the corresponding annular signal transmission module are located on the same layer and are respectively connected to a plurality of lattice signal transmission modules located on the same layer through a plurality of connecting rods. The signal collection module is a cylindrical cavity structure, and all cylindrical cavity structures are connected; The signal sensitive component is arranged on the lower end cover and located in the innermost cylinder, and is used for converting the received signal into an electrical signal.

2. A high temperature structural damage monitoring sensor with a hollow structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between any two adjacent layers of cylinders is less than 5 mm, and the number of layers is at least 2.

3. A high temperature structural damage monitoring sensor with a hollow structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The hollow hole is in a square or hexagonal shape.

4. A high temperature structural damage monitoring sensor with a hollow structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wall thickness of the cylinder is less than 1 mm.

5. The high temperature structural damage monitoring sensor with a hollow structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-layer ring signal transmission module component has at least 3 layers.

6. The high temperature structural damage monitoring sensor with a hollow structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow matrix structure is made of high-temperature ceramic-based composite material.

7. A high temperature structural damage monitoring sensor with a hollow structure according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The dot matrix signal transmission module is made of zirconium oxide ceramic material.

8. The high temperature structural damage monitoring sensor with a hollow structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ring signal transmission module is made of high-temperature ceramic.

9. The high temperature structural damage monitoring sensor with a hollow structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor also includes a heat insulation component, which is distributed between adjacent cylinders and is used to isolate external heat radiation and control the internal temperature of the sensor.

10. A high temperature structural damage monitoring sensor with a hollow structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The thermal insulation component is made of aerogel material.

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