Cooling tower

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bullet train cooling, and discloses a cooling tower which comprises a base, a heat exchanger, a rack, a fan and a top cover. The heat exchanger is used for carrying out heat exchange on a transformer and a converter on the locomotive, the heat exchanger is arranged on the base, and the fan is arranged in the rack; the rack is further provided with a top cover communicating with the outside, and the top cover, the draught fan, the heat exchanger and the base communicate in sequence to form an air flue used for conducting air cooling heat exchange on the heat exchanger. A transformer and a converter on the locomotive are connected with the heat exchanger to form a heat exchange loop. The draught fan and the heat exchanger are integrally installed on the rack from top to bottom, the ventilation duct is formed through the base and the top cover, the heat exchanger cools a transformer and a converter of a locomotive at the same time, the overall size is small, integrity is improved, noise and vibration are reduced, and the service life of the cooling tower is greatly prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of motor vehicle cooling, in particular to a cooling tower. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the economy, people have higher and higher requirements for travel conditions, and convenience, speed and comfort are becoming more and more concerned. In order to meet various humanized needs for passenger transportation, the EMU is committed to achieving larger space, less noise and higher comfort. The EMU has two cooling towers, each cooling tower cools the water of an inverter, and the two cooling towers cool the transformer oil together. The cooling tower is divided into 1# tower and 2# tower. Only 1# tower has an auxiliary oil tank, desiccant and Buch relay, and 2# tower has no auxiliary oil tank, desiccant and Buch relay. The cooling tower is designed as a double-circulation cooling tower, and the transformer cooling loop and the cooling loop of the main inverter are separate. Therefore, the existing cooling tower has the following main disadvantages:

[0003] 1. Once the liquid level switch is damaged, the entire cooling device will fail, affecting the operation of the vehicle;

[0004] 2. The fan noise is high, affecting the train comfort;

[0005] 3. The plate-fin composite heat exchanger is not easy to clean and maintain, with a high failure rate and a short lifespan;

[0006] 4. The front cover of the motor is under the radiation of high-temperature gas, the operating temperature of the bearing is high and the service life of the bearing is short;

[0007] 5. The expansion tank is provided with a main chamber and a sub-chamber, and the double-duct structure is complicated. Moreover, the expansion tank may not be able to inhale air normally because the sub-chamber is not effectively sealed. The cost is high and the failure rate is high. The liquid level switch may easily cause false alarms due to the oscillation of the liquid level.

[0008] In summary, a cooling tower is urgently needed to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a cooling tower, and its specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0010] A cooling tower comprises a base, a heat exchanger, a frame, a fan and a top cover;

[0011] The heat exchanger is used to exchange heat between the transformer and the converter on the locomotive, the heat exchanger is arranged on the base, and the fan is arranged in the frame;

[0012] The frame is also provided with a top cover connected to the outside, and the top cover, the fan, the heat exchanger and the base are sequentially connected to form an air duct for air cooling and heat exchange of the heat exchanger;

[0013] The transformer and converter on the locomotive are connected to the heat exchanger to form a heat exchange loop.

[0014] Preferably, the heat exchanger is an oil-water composite tube-fin heat exchanger, which includes a first heat exchange circuit for exchanging heat for a transformer on a locomotive and a second heat exchange circuit for exchanging heat for a converter on a locomotive;

[0015] The heat transfer medium in the second heat exchange loop is water; and a water pump is also provided on the heat exchange loop, and the water pump is fixedly arranged on the frame;

[0016] The heat transfer medium in the first heat exchange loop is mineral oil.

[0017] Preferably, an upper maintenance door and a lower maintenance door are also provided on the side of the frame;

[0018] The upper maintenance door and the lower maintenance door are both hinged to the frame; the upper maintenance door is used to expose and remove the fan, and the lower maintenance door is used to expose the heat exchanger.

[0019] Preferably, the upper maintenance door and / or the lower maintenance door is also provided with an observation window;

[0020] A glass plate is arranged in the observation window for displaying the situation inside the frame; the glass plate is bonded to the observation window by glass glue, and a pressing plate for pressing the glass plate is arranged on the side of the glass plate facing the inside of the frame.

[0021] Preferably, the upper maintenance door and / or the lower maintenance door are also provided with a handle and a fixed lock;

[0022] The handle is used by an operator to open the upper maintenance door or the lower maintenance door, and the fixed lock is used to fix and lock the upper maintenance door or the lower maintenance door when it is closed.

[0023] Preferably, the fan is an axial flow fan, and temperature sensors are provided at the front end bearing and the rear end bearing of the motor of the fan for real-time monitoring of the bearing temperature;

[0024] The front end bearing and the rear end bearing are oil-filled bearings;

[0025] The distance between the fan and the heat exchanger is 400 mm to 500 mm.

[0026] Preferably, an annular expansion oil tank is provided in the frame surrounding the fan, and the expansion oil tank is also connected to the first heat exchange circuit;

[0027] The fan is provided with a flange connected to the top surface of the expansion oil tank.

[0028] Preferably, a dehumidifier is also provided on the rack, and the dehumidifier is connected to the expansion oil tank and is used for filtering the intake and exhaust of the expansion oil tank.

[0029] Preferably, the frame is also provided with an expansion water tank connected to the heat exchanger;

[0030] The expansion water tank is a single-chamber structure, in which at least two groups of liquid level switches are arranged;

[0031] The top of the expansion water tank is provided with a water inlet and a two-way pressure relief valve, the bottom of the expansion water tank is provided with a water outlet, and the expansion water tank is also provided with a liquid level display and a temperature indicator for displaying the internal liquid level and temperature.

[0032] Preferably, a wind speed sensor is provided at the air inlet of the top cover.

[0033] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] (1) A cooling tower, comprising a base, a heat exchanger, a frame, a fan and a top cover; the heat exchanger is used to exchange heat for a transformer and a converter on a locomotive, the heat exchanger is arranged on the base, and the fan is arranged in the frame; the frame is also provided with a top cover connected to the outside, the top cover, the fan, the heat exchanger and the base are connected in sequence to form an air duct for air-cooling and heat-exchanging the heat exchanger; the transformer and the converter on the locomotive are both connected to the heat exchanger to form a heat exchange loop. The present invention integrates the fan and the heat exchanger from top to bottom through the frame, and forms a ventilation duct through the base and the top cover. The heat exchanger cools the transformer and the converter of the locomotive at the same time. The overall volume is small, the integrity is improved, the noise and vibration are reduced, and the service life of the cooling tower is greatly increased.

[0035] (2) The frame of the present invention is provided with an annular oil tank inside, thereby further reducing the space occupied by the cooling tower and reducing its own weight. An upper maintenance door is provided above the annular oil tank to meet the requirements for disassembly and assembly of the fan without removing the locomotive roof cover.

[0036] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cooling tower in the embodiment;

[0039] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of cooling tower in use;

[0040] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle rack;

[0041] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Structural diagram of the middle and lower maintenance doors;

[0042] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Structural diagram of the expansion water tank;

[0043] In the figure: 1. base; 2. heat exchanger, 2.1. water heat exchanger, 2.2. oil heat exchanger; 3. rack, 3.1. expansion tank, 3.2. mounting base; 4. fan; 5. top cover; 6. lower maintenance door, 6.1. observation window, 6.2. glass plate, 6.3. pressure plate, 6.4. buckle, 6.5. fixed lock; 7. upper maintenance door; 8. expansion tank, 8.1. water inlet, 8.2. two-way pressure relief valve, 8.3. water outlet, 8.4. liquid level switch, 8.5. liquid level display; 9. water pump; 10. dehumidifier; 11. Buch relay; 12. transformer; 13. converter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A cooling tower includes a base 1, a heat exchanger 2, a frame 3, a fan 4 and a top cover 5; the heat exchanger 2 is used to exchange heat between a transformer 12 and a converter 13 on a locomotive, the heat exchanger is arranged on the base 1, and the fan 4 is arranged in the frame 3; the frame 3 is also provided with a top cover 5 connected to the outside, the top cover 5, the fan 4, the heat exchanger 2 and the base 1 are sequentially connected to form an air duct for air-cooling and heat exchange of the heat exchanger 2; the transformer 12 and the converter 13 on the locomotive are connected to the heat exchanger 2 to form a heat exchange loop. The fan and the heat exchanger are integrated and installed from top to bottom through the frame, and a ventilation duct is formed through the base and the top cover. The heat exchanger cools the transformer and the converter of the locomotive at the same time. The overall volume is small, the integrity is improved, the noise and vibration are reduced, and the service life of the cooling tower is greatly increased.

[0046] The heat exchanger 2 is an oil-water composite tube-fin heat exchanger, which includes an oil heat exchanger 2.2 and a water heat exchanger 2.1; the heat transfer medium in the second heat exchange circuit is water, forming a water cooling circuit; and a water pump 9 is also provided on the heat exchange circuit, and the water pump 9 is fixedly arranged on the frame 3; the heat transfer medium in the first heat exchange circuit is mineral oil, forming an oil cooling circuit.

[0047] The tube-fin heat exchanger of the cooling tower is connected to the transformer through the oil pipeline at the bottom of the car body to form an oil cooling circuit. In the transformer circuit, mineral oil is used as the heat transfer medium. Under the action of the fan, the cooling air enters through the top cover, passes through the heat exchanger, and is discharged from the bottom of the cooling tower, dissipating the heat of the cooling tower into the ambient air to achieve the purpose of cooling the shunting locomotive transformer. Similarly, the heat exchanger is connected to the converter via a water pump to form a water cooling circuit, so that the coolant water in the converter is cooled through the heat exchanger to achieve the purpose of cooling the converter.

[0048] The oil-water composite tube-fin heat exchanger includes an upper head, a core, a lower head, a water seal and an oil seal. The core includes a cooling tube, a heat exchanger fin, a tube sheet, a side plate and a tube sheet gasket. The oil inlet and outlet of the tube-fin heat exchanger are both equipped with a tamper wire, which is composed of two twisted skeletons and a spring to improve the heat dissipation power. The plate-fin heat exchanger is heavy, difficult to clean and easy to leak.

[0049] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , an upper maintenance door 7 and a lower maintenance door 6 are also provided on the side of the frame 3; the upper maintenance door 7 and the lower maintenance door 6 are both hinged to the frame 3; the upper maintenance door 7 is used to expose and remove the fan 4, and the lower maintenance door 6 is used to expose the heat exchanger 2. An observation window 6.1 is also provided on the upper maintenance door 7 and / or the lower maintenance door 6; a glass plate 6.2 is provided in the observation window 6.1 to display the situation inside the frame 3; the glass plate 6.2 is bonded to the observation window 6.1 by glass glue, and a pressing plate 6.3 for pressing the glass plate 6.2 is also provided on the side of the glass plate 6.2 facing the inside of the frame 3. A buckle 6.4 and a fixed lock 6.5 are also provided on the upper maintenance door 7 and / or the lower maintenance door 6; the buckle 6.4 is used by the operator to open the upper maintenance door 7 or the lower maintenance door 6, and the fixed lock 6.5 is used to lock the upper maintenance door 7 or the lower maintenance door 6 when it is closed.

[0050] The frame adopts an integrated combined frame, and the junction box, water tank and water pump are installed by 4mm aluminum alloy welding. It is not only beautiful in appearance, but also has high space utilization, which reduces the overall size of the cooling tower and reduces the weight. Maintenance doors are set up at the top and bottom to ensure the inspection of the fan, the inspection of the heat exchanger and the disassembly of the fan, which improves the efficiency of maintenance.

[0051] A fastening lock is set above the hinged lower maintenance door to ensure the easy opening and closing of the maintenance door to meet the maintenance and cleaning of the heat exchanger. A glass observation window is set to meet the daily status management of the heat exchanger. A glass pressure plate is set on the back of the glass observation window to provide a secondary anti-drop design for the glass. Even in the case of failure of the glass glue, it can still ensure that the glass does not fall off. Handles are set on both sides to meet ergonomics and easy disassembly and assembly. A hand round cover is set on the back of the hand to meet the sealing requirements. A detachable beam is set at the upper maintenance door to allow the fan to be disassembled and assembled separately without disassembling the overall cooling tower.

[0052] The fan 4 is an axial flow fan. Temperature sensors are provided at the front and rear bearings of the motor of the fan 4 for real-time monitoring of the bearing temperature. The front and rear bearings are oil-filled bearings. The distance between the fan 4 and the heat exchanger 2 is 400mm to 500mm. The motor is provided with a heat insulation structure, and an axial flow fan is used to optimize the front air guide tube, improve the air flow field of the inlet, and increase the static pressure of the fan. The overall fan height dimension is optimized according to the flow field distribution, and the distance from the fan to the heat exchanger is increased, thereby improving the air inlet flow field of the heat exchanger. Mounting seats and lifting holes are provided around, and the motor adopts oil-filled bearings to extend the service life. Temperature sensors are provided at the front and rear end bearings of the motor, respectively, which can monitor the bearing temperature in real time. Compared with the existing cooling tower, the operating noise is reduced by at least 1dB.

[0053] An annular expansion oil tank 3.1 is also arranged in the frame 3 around the fan 4, and the expansion oil tank 3.1 is also connected to the first heat exchange circuit; the fan 4 is provided with a flange connected to the top surface of the expansion oil tank 3.1.

[0054] The structure of the expansion oil tank is changed from the original vertical rectangular cabinet to a horizontal outer square inner circle structure. The fan bracket originally distributed on the outside of the oil expansion tank is changed to be welded on the top of the expansion oil tank. Longitudinal supports and transverse reinforcement ribs are set at corresponding positions inside. The fan installation method is changed to a flange surface directly connected to the top plate plane of the oil expansion tank.

[0055] By setting an annular oil tank inside the frame, the remaining space inside the frame is utilized to reduce the space occupied and the weight of the cooling tower. An upper maintenance door is set above the annular oil tank to meet the requirements of disassembly and assembly of the fan without removing the locomotive roof. The expansion tank is integrally formed with the frame to save space, reduce weight, and facilitate maintenance.

[0056] The frame 3 is further provided with a dehumidifier 10, which is connected to the expansion oil tank 3.1 and is used for filtering the intake and exhaust air of the expansion oil tank 3.1.

[0057] The dehumidifier filters the intake and exhaust air of the tank breathing system, removes moisture and impurities in the air, and ensures air quality. It includes an I-shaped flange, a transparent organic glass tube, a protective cover, a mounting seat, a color-changing silica gel, a plug, a pressure difference control mechanism and a sealing fastener. The pressure difference control mechanism includes a movable rod, a movable block, a spring pressure ring, a spring, a spring retaining ring and a filter; a pressure ring is set under the flange, and the pressure ring is set in a stainless steel protective cover. The stainless steel protective cover is set with the I-shaped flange, so that the flange is fastened to the pressure ring in the protective cover through a sealing ring, bolts, flat washers and spring washers; this dehumidifier has a good moisture absorption effect, the moisture absorption of the desiccant is intuitively visible, the intake and exhaust holes are unobstructed, the structure is compact, the appearance is small, and the action is sensitive.

[0058] The frame 3 is also provided with an expansion water tank 8 connected to the heat exchanger 2; the expansion water tank 8 is a single-cavity structure, and at least two groups of liquid level switches 8.4 are arranged therein; the water tank adopts a single cavity and a redundantly designed liquid level switch, and a protective plate is arranged at the liquid level switch to prevent false alarms caused by normal shaking of the liquid level.

[0059] The expansion water tank is designed as a single-cavity structure, changing the original two-cavity structure. The structure and process are simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and there are fewer failures. The liquid level alarm in the expansion water tank adopts a redundant design, which reduces the possibility of false alarms in the water tank and improves the availability of the cooling device.

[0060] refer to Figure 5 A water inlet 8.1 and a two-way pressure relief valve 8.2 are arranged at the top of the expansion water tank 8, a water outlet 8.3 is arranged at the bottom of the expansion water tank 8, and a liquid level display 8.5 and a temperature indicator for displaying the internal liquid level and temperature are also arranged on the expansion water tank 8.

[0061] A wind speed sensor is arranged at the air inlet of the top cover 5. A mounting seat 3.2 of the wind speed sensor is arranged outside the top cover. Considering the vibration of the wind speed sensor, a U-shaped reinforcement plate is arranged at the mounting position. The welding adopts the method of plug welding and disconnection welding to increase the bonding surface and increase the strength of the top cover. The nut for mounting the sensor adopts a welded nut to avoid the loosening of the nut due to long-term vibration of the same frequency.

[0062] In this embodiment, the Buch relay 11 is integrated on the frame, which has a compact structure, a small size and is easy to maintain.

[0063] The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may be modified and varied in various ways within the spirit and principles of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cooling tower, characterized in that: It comprises a base (1), a heat exchanger (2), a frame (3), a fan (4) and a top cover (5); The heat exchanger (2) is used to perform heat exchange on a transformer (12) and a converter (13) on a locomotive, the heat exchanger is arranged on a base (1), and the fan (4) is arranged in a frame (3); The frame (3) is also provided with a top cover (5) connected to the outside, and the top cover (5), the fan (4), the heat exchanger (2) and the base (1) are connected in sequence to form an air duct for air cooling and heat exchange of the heat exchanger (2); The transformer (12) and the converter (13) on the locomotive are both connected to the heat exchanger (2) to form a heat exchange loop.

2. A cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (2) is an oil-water composite tube-fin heat exchanger, which comprises a first heat exchange circuit for exchanging heat for a transformer (12) on a locomotive and a second heat exchange circuit for exchanging heat for a converter (13) on a locomotive; The heat transfer medium in the second heat exchange circuit is water; and a water pump (9) is also provided on the heat exchange circuit, and the water pump (9) is fixedly arranged on the frame (3); The heat transfer medium in the first heat exchange loop is mineral oil.

3. A cooling tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: An upper maintenance door (7) and a lower maintenance door (6) are also provided on the side of the frame (3); The upper maintenance door (7) and the lower maintenance door (6) are both hinged to the frame (3); the upper maintenance door (7) is used to expose and remove the fan (4), and the lower maintenance door (6) is used to expose the heat exchanger (2).

4. A cooling tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper maintenance door (7) and / or the lower maintenance door (6) are also provided with an observation window (6.1); A glass plate (6.2) is provided in the observation window (6.1) for displaying the situation inside the frame (3); the glass plate (6.2) is bonded to the observation window (6.1) by glass glue, and a pressing plate (6.3) for pressing the glass plate (6.2) is provided on the side of the glass plate (6.2) facing the inside of the frame (3).

5. A cooling tower according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper maintenance door (7) and / or the lower maintenance door (6) are also provided with a handle (6.4) and a fixed lock (6.5); The handle (6.4) is used by an operator to pull open the upper maintenance door (7) or the lower maintenance door (6), and the fixed lock (6.5) is used to lock the upper maintenance door (7) or the lower maintenance door (6) when it is closed.

6. A cooling tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fan (4) is an axial flow fan, and temperature sensors are provided at the front end bearing and the rear end bearing of the motor of the fan (4) for real-time monitoring of the bearing temperature; The front end bearing and the rear end bearing are oil-filled bearings; The distance between the fan (4) and the heat exchanger (2) is 400 mm to 500 mm.

7. A cooling tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: An annular expansion oil tank (3.1) is also provided in the frame (3) around the fan (4), and the expansion oil tank (3.1) is also connected to the first heat exchange circuit; The fan (4) is provided with a flange connected to the top surface of the expansion oil tank (3.1).

8. A cooling tower according to claim 7, characterized in that: The frame (3) is also provided with a dehumidifier (10), which is connected to the expansion oil tank (3.1) and is used to filter the intake and exhaust air of the expansion oil tank (3.1).

9. A cooling tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frame (3) is also provided with an expansion water tank (8) connected to the heat exchanger (2); The expansion water tank (8) is a single-chamber structure, and is provided with at least two groups of liquid level switches (8.4); The top of the expansion water tank (8) is provided with a water inlet (8.1) and a two-way pressure relief valve (8.2), the bottom of the expansion water tank (8) is provided with a water outlet (8.3), and the expansion water tank (8) is also provided with a liquid level display (8.5) for displaying the internal liquid level and temperature, and a temperature indicator.

10. A cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wind speed sensor is arranged at the air inlet of the top cover (5).

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