Peanut harvesting device and harvesting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a peanut harvesting device and method, the device comprises a first comb-shaped plate, a second comb-shaped plate and two limiting assemblies, the limiting assemblies are used for clamping and fixing peanut plants passing in the feeding direction, the tooth portions of the first comb-shaped plate and the tooth portions of the second comb-shaped plate are arranged in a staggered mode, and the tooth portions of the first comb-shaped plate and the tooth portions of the second comb-shaped plate are arranged in a staggered mode. The ends of the first comb-shaped plate and the second comb-shaped plate are each provided with a rotating shaft rotating in a reciprocating mode, the ends of the rotating shafts are connected with an external power mechanism, and the two rotating shafts are symmetrically arranged. The first comb-shaped plate and the second comb-shaped plate which are arranged in a staggered mode rotate at the same time to split peanut seedlings, forward peanut fruits and reverse peanut fruits are carded and picked off from staggered gaps in the two staggered processes of the first comb-shaped plate and the second comb-shaped plate respectively, and the roots of the peanut seedlings are kept complete and cannot be mixed in the fruits; and the subsequent treatment is simpler and more convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of peanut harvesting equipment, and in particular relates to a peanut harvesting device and a harvesting method of the peanut harvesting device. Background Art

[0002] Peanuts are widely planted in my country as a major oil-pressing crop. When the peanut fruits are ripe, the plants are pulled out of the soil using equipment, and the soil is shaken off and then turned over to dry. After the peanut fruits are dry (water content is about 10%), the fruits are picked from the seedlings for harvesting.

[0003] Patent CN201710239993.1 mentions a peanut picking machine, which uses staggered comb blades to move back and forth to cut the peanut seedlings for picking. However, when cutting the connection between the peanut fruit and the seedling, the roots will be cut off and fall into the fruit, increasing the complexity of subsequent processing. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problem that the roots will be cut off when harvesting peanut fruits by cutting method in the prior art, which increases the complexity of subsequent processing, and proposes the following technical solution:

[0005] A peanut harvesting device, comprising: a first comb plate, a second comb plate and two limiting components, wherein the limiting components are used to clamp and fix peanut plants passing in a feeding direction, the teeth of the first comb plate and the teeth of the second comb plate are staggered, and the ends of the first comb plate and the second comb plate are both provided with reciprocating rotating shafts, the ends of the rotating shafts are connected to an external power mechanism, and the two rotating shafts are symmetrically arranged;

[0006] After the limiting component clamps the peanut seedlings on both sides, the two rotating shafts simultaneously reciprocate once to drive the corresponding first comb plate and the second comb plate to deflect. The first comb plate and the second comb plate respectively separate the forward and reverse peanut seedlings during the reciprocating process, and comb and pick the peanut fruits from the staggered gaps between the teeth of the first comb plate and the teeth of the second comb plate during the two staggered processes.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the limiting component includes a power unit and two mounting frames, wherein a squeezing plate is movably inserted inside the mounting frame, and the two squeezing plates are symmetrically arranged. The power unit pushes the two squeezing plates to move to clamp and fix the position of the peanut seedlings.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the angle between the squeezing plate and the mounting frame is in the range of 30-60 degrees, and the squeezing plate is tilted to push the peanut fruits away from the clamping position and only clamp and fix the peanut seedlings.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the power unit includes a mounting seat, a screw rod and two sliding rods, the surface of the sliding rod is movably sleeved with a slider fixedly connected to the corresponding extrusion plate, one end of the two screw rods is fixedly connected, and the other end of the screw rod is rotated to pass through the mounting seat and extend to the outside, and a moving block is threadedly sleeved on the end of the screw rod, a limiting rod is movably inserted in the middle of the moving block, and both ends of the limiting rod are movably inserted in the two sliding blocks.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the sliding rod and the extrusion plate have the same inclination angle, and the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the mounting seat.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the teeth of the first comb plate and the teeth of the second comb plate are both arranged in a prism shape, and the gap between the teeth of the first comb plate and the teeth of the second comb plate at the intersection gradually increases from the outside to the inside.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, it also includes an auxiliary component, which includes two groups of connecting frames. The connecting frames in the same group are fixedly connected to the corresponding mounting frames. The connecting frames are located at the tooth gaps of the second comb plate, and multiple supporting rollers are rotatably plugged in the interior of the connecting frames.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, it also includes a warehouse body, and a feed port, a discharge port and a collection port are respectively provided on both sides and the bottom of the warehouse body, and transmission devices are provided on both sides of the feed port and the discharge port of the warehouse body. The peanut seedlings enter from the feed port and are discharged from the discharge port, and the combed and picked peanut fruits fall from the collection port and enter the external collection equipment.

[0014] The peanut harvesting method comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1, feeding;

[0016] The conveying mechanism of the harvesting device collects the peanut plants after drying and transmits them through the transmission device. The peanut plants enter the bin body from the feed port in a forward or reverse direction.

[0017] S2, clamping and fixation;

[0018] After temporarily stopping the conveyance of the peanut plants, the limiting components on both sides work to fix the peanut plants in the forward or reverse direction respectively;

[0019] S3. Fruit picking;

[0020] The two symmetrically arranged rotating shafts simultaneously reciprocate once to drive the corresponding first comb-shaped plate and the second comb-shaped plate to deflect. The first comb-shaped plate and the second comb-shaped plate respectively separate the peanut seedlings in the forward and reverse directions during the reciprocating process, and comb and pick the peanut fruits from the interlaced gaps between the teeth of the first comb-shaped plate and the teeth of the second comb-shaped plate during the two interlacing processes;

[0021] S4, collection;

[0022] The picked peanut fruits fall into the external collection device through the collection port, and after dust and impurity removal, the dust and dead leaves inside are removed;

[0023] S5, continuous processing;

[0024] The limiting component is reset and the transmission device is started, the peanut plants continue to enter and push the split peanut seedlings away from the bin body and leave from the discharge port, and step S2 is continued until the processing is completed.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. The peanut seedlings are split by rotating the staggered first comb plate and the second comb plate at the same time, and the forward and reverse peanut fruits are combed and picked from the staggered gaps during the two staggered processes of the first comb plate and the second comb plate, respectively. The roots of the peanut seedlings remain intact and will not be mixed in the fruits, making subsequent processing simpler and more convenient. In addition, with the cooperation of the two limiting components, there is no need to consider the entry direction of the peanut plants, and the applicability is stronger and more convenient for batch processing;

[0027] 2. The inclined squeezing plates extend out under the push of the power unit, and the two squeezing plates clamp and fix the peanut seedlings to facilitate the fruit picking operation. During the extension process, the squeezing plates push the peanut fruits away from the clamping position, and only clamp and fix the peanut seedlings, which can fix the peanut seedlings while avoiding excessive clamping and damage of the peanut fruits;

[0028] 3. The power unit is capable of moving multiple extrusion plates simultaneously to complete the clamping and fixing of the peanut seedlings, making the clamping and fixing of the peanut seedlings more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 What is shown is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment;

[0030] Figure 2 What is shown is the internal structure diagram of the warehouse body in the embodiment;

[0031] Figure 3 Shown is a state diagram of a restriction component in an embodiment;

[0032] Figure 4 What is shown is a diagram of the deflection state of the first comb plate and the second comb plate in the embodiment;

[0033] Figure 5 What is shown is a diagram of the interlaced state of the first comb plate and the second comb plate in the embodiment;

[0034] Figure 6 Shown is a structural diagram of each part of the power unit in an embodiment.

[0035] In the figure: 11, first comb plate; 12, second comb plate; 13, rotating shaft; 20, limiting assembly; 21, mounting frame; 22, extrusion plate; 23, power unit; 231, mounting seat; 232, screw rod; 233, sliding rod; 234, slider; 235, moving block; 236, limiting rod; 30, auxiliary assembly; 31, connecting frame; 32, supporting roller; 40, bin body; 41, feed port; 42, discharge port; 43, collecting port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0037] Example

[0038] Figure 1-Figure 5 In the present invention, the peanut harvesting device comprises: a first comb plate 11, a second comb plate 12 and two limiting components 20, wherein the limiting components 20 are used to clamp and fix the peanut plants passing in the feeding direction, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 The A direction is the feeding direction, the teeth of the first comb plate 11 and the teeth of the second comb plate 12 are staggered, and the ends of the first comb plate 11 and the second comb plate 12 are both provided with a reciprocating rotating shaft 13, the ends of the rotating shaft 13 are connected to an external power mechanism, and the two rotating shafts 13 are symmetrically arranged;

[0039] After the limiting component 20 clamps the peanut seedlings on both sides, the two rotating shafts 13 simultaneously reciprocate once to drive the corresponding first comb plates 11 and second comb plates 12 to deflect. The first comb plates 11 and second comb plates 12 respectively separate the forward and reverse peanut seedlings during the reciprocating process, and comb and pick the peanut fruits from the staggered gaps between the teeth of the first comb plate 11 and the teeth of the second comb plate 12 during the two staggered processes.

[0040] It also includes a bin body 40, which has a feed port 41, a discharge port 42 and a collection port 43 on both sides and the bottom thereof, and a transmission device is provided on both sides of the feed port 41 and the discharge port 42 of the bin body 40. The peanut seedlings enter from the feed port 41 and are discharged from the discharge port 42, and the combed and picked peanut fruits fall from the collection port 43 and enter an external collection device.

[0041] When the peanut fruits are harvested, the conveying mechanism of the harvesting device collects the dried peanut plants and transmits them through the transmission device. The peanut plants enter the warehouse body 40 from the feed port 41 in the forward or reverse direction, and then the conveying of the peanut plants is temporarily stopped. The limiting components 20 on both sides are started to fix the peanut plants in the forward or reverse direction. The external power device drives the two symmetrically arranged rotating shafts 13 to rotate, and the first comb plate 11 and the second comb plate perform a reciprocating work. The teeth of the first comb plate 11 and the second comb plate 12 separate the forward and reverse peanut seedlings, and comb and pick them from the staggered gaps between the teeth of the first comb plate 11 and the teeth of the second comb plate 12 during the two interlacing processes. After being picked, the peanut fruit collection port 43 falls into the external collection device, and after dust and impurity removal, the dust and dead leaves inside are removed. Then the limiting component 20 is reset and the transmission device is started. The peanut plants continue to enter and push the separated peanut seedlings away from the warehouse body 40 and leave from the discharge port 42, and the cycle continues until the processing is completed.

[0042] The peanut seedlings are split by rotating the staggered first comb plates 11 and the second comb plates 12 at the same time, and the forward and reverse peanut fruits are combed and picked from the staggered gaps during the two staggering processes of the first comb plates 11 and the second comb plates 12 respectively. The roots of the peanut seedlings remain intact and will not be mixed in the fruits, making subsequent processing simpler and more convenient. In addition, with the cooperation of the two limiting components 20, there is no need to consider the entry direction of the peanut plants, and the applicability is stronger and more convenient for batch processing.

[0043] The peanut harvesting method comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1, feeding;

[0045] The conveying mechanism of the harvesting device collects the peanut plants after drying and transmits them through the transmission device. The peanut plants enter the bin body 40 from the feed port 41 in a forward or reverse direction.

[0046] S2, clamping and fixation;

[0047] After temporarily stopping the conveyance of the peanut plants, the limiting components 20 on both sides work to fix the peanut plants in the forward or reverse direction respectively;

[0048] S3. Fruit picking;

[0049] The two symmetrically arranged rotating shafts 13 simultaneously reciprocate once to drive the corresponding first comb plates 11 and second comb plates 12 to deflect. The first comb plates 11 and second comb plates 12 respectively separate the peanut seedlings in the forward and reverse directions during the reciprocating process, and comb and pick the peanut fruits from the interlaced gaps between the teeth of the first comb plates 11 and the teeth of the second comb plates 12 during the two interlacing processes;

[0050] S4, collection;

[0051] The picked peanut fruits fall into the external collection device through the collecting port 43, and are then dusted and impurity removed to remove dust and dead leaves inside.

[0052] S5, continuous processing;

[0053] The limiting assembly 20 is reset and the transmission device is started, the peanut plants continue to enter and push the split peanut seedlings out of the bin body 40 and leave from the discharge port 42, and step S2 is continued until the processing is completed.

[0054] Figure 2-Figure 4 In the figure, the limiting component 20 includes a power unit 23 and two mounting frames 21, wherein a squeezing plate 22 is movably inserted inside the mounting frame 21, and the two squeezing plates 22 are symmetrically arranged. The power unit 23 pushes the two squeezing plates 22 to move and clamp and fix the position of the peanut seedlings.

[0055] The angle between the squeezing plate 22 and the mounting frame 21 is in the range of 30-60 degrees. The squeezing plate 22 is tilted to push the peanut fruit away from the clamping position and only the peanut seedlings are clamped and fixed.

[0056] When limiting the position of the peanut plants, the power unit 23 simultaneously pushes the squeezing plates 22 on both sides to move, and the squeezing plates 22 extend outward at an angle and push the peanut fruits away from the clamping position, and the two squeezing plates 22 on one side then clamp the peanut plants at the corresponding positions.

[0057] The inclined squeezing plates 22 are extended under the push of the power unit 23. The two squeezing plates 22 clamp and fix the peanut seedlings to facilitate the fruit picking operation. During the extension process, the squeezing plates 22 push the peanut fruits away from the clamping position and only clamp and fix the peanut seedlings. This can fix the peanut seedlings while avoiding excessive clamping and damage of the peanut fruits.

[0058] Figure 1 and Figure 6 In the figure, the power unit 23 includes a mounting seat 231, a screw rod 232 and two sliding rods 233, and the surface of the sliding rod 233 is movably sleeved with a slider 234 fixedly connected to the corresponding extrusion plate 22, one end of the two screw rods 232 is fixedly connected, and the other end of the screw rod 232 is rotated to pass through the mounting seat 231 and extend to the outside, and a moving block 235 is threadedly sleeved on the end of the screw rod 232, and a limiting rod 236 is movably inserted in the middle of the moving block 235, and both ends of the limiting rod 236 are movably inserted in the two sliders 234.

[0059] The sliding rod 233 and the extrusion plate 22 have the same inclination angle, and the sliding rod 233 is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 231 .

[0060] When the limiting assembly 20 needs to be started, the external power device pushes the screw rod 232 to rotate so that it drives the moving block 235 to move. Under the connection of the limit rod 236, the two sliders 234 move on the surface of the sliding rod 233 and drive the movement of the squeezing plate 22, thereby completing the clamping and fixing of the peanut seedlings.

[0061] The power unit 23 is capable of simultaneously moving the plurality of squeezing plates 22 to complete the clamping and fixing of the peanut seedlings, making the clamping and fixing of the peanut seedlings more convenient.

[0062] Figure 5 In the embodiment, the teeth of the first comb-shaped plate 11 and the teeth of the second comb-shaped plate 12 are both arranged in a prism shape, and the gap between the teeth of the first comb-shaped plate 11 and the teeth of the second comb-shaped plate 12 at the intersection gradually increases from the outside to the inside.

[0063] The gap between the teeth of the first comb plate 11 and the teeth of the second comb plate 12 gradually increases from the outside to the inside, which can reserve space for the connection between the peanut fruit and the rhizome, making it convenient to comb and pick the peanut fruit.

[0064] Figure 1-Figure 4 The auxiliary component 30 is also included, and the auxiliary component 30 includes two groups of connecting frames 31. The connecting frames 31 of the same group are fixedly connected to the corresponding mounting frames 21. The connecting frames 31 are located at the tooth gaps of the second comb plate 12, and a plurality of supporting rollers 32 are rotatably plugged in the interior of the connecting frames 31.

[0065] The mounting frame 21 and the supporting roller 32 arranged at the tooth gap of the second comb plate 12 can support the peanut seedlings and prevent the peanut seedlings from falling directly into the external collecting equipment from the collecting port 43. At the same time, the supporting roller 32 can reduce the friction between the peanut seedlings and the mounting frame 21, facilitating the transmission of the peanut seedlings to avoid accumulation in the bin body 40.

[0066] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them.

Claims

1. A peanut harvesting device, characterized in that: include: A first comb-shaped plate (11), a second comb-shaped plate (12) and a plurality of limiting components (20), wherein the limiting components (20) are used to clamp and fix peanut plants passing in a feeding direction, the teeth of the first comb-shaped plate (11) and the teeth of the second comb-shaped plate (12) are arranged alternately, the ends of the first comb-shaped plate (11) and the second comb-shaped plate (12) are both provided with reciprocating rotating shafts (13), the ends of the rotating shafts (13) are connected to an external power mechanism, and the two rotating shafts (13) are symmetrically arranged; After the limiting component (20) clamps the peanut seedlings on both sides, the two rotating shafts (13) simultaneously reciprocate once to drive the corresponding first comb-shaped plate (11) and the second comb-shaped plate (12) to deflect. The first comb-shaped plate (11) and the second comb-shaped plate (12) respectively separate the peanut seedlings in the forward and reverse directions during the reciprocating process, and the peanut fruits are combed and picked from the interlaced gaps between the teeth of the first comb-shaped plate (11) and the teeth of the second comb-shaped plate (12) during the two interlacing processes.

2. The peanut harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting assembly (20) comprises a power unit (23) and two mounting frames (21), wherein a squeezing plate (22) is movably inserted inside the mounting frame (21), and the two squeezing plates (22) are symmetrically arranged. The power unit (23) pushes the two squeezing plates (22) to move and clamp and fix the position of the peanut seedlings.

3. The peanut harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The included angle between the squeezing plate (22) and the mounting frame (21) is in the range of 30-60 degrees, and the squeezing plate (22) is tilted to push the peanut fruit away from the clamping position and only clamp and fix the peanut seedling.

4. The peanut harvesting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power unit (23) comprises a mounting seat (231), a screw rod (232) and two slide rods (233); a slide block (234) fixedly connected to the corresponding extrusion plate (22) is movably sleeved on the surface of the slide rod (233); one end of the two screw rods (232) is fixedly connected; the other end of the screw rod (232) is rotatably inserted through the mounting seat (231) and extends to the outside; a moving block (235) is threadedly sleeved on the end of the screw rod (232); a limiting rod (236) is movably inserted in the middle of the moving block (235); and both ends of the limiting rod (236) are movably inserted in the two slide blocks (234).

5. The peanut harvesting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sliding rod (233) and the extrusion plate (22) have the same inclination angle, and the sliding rod (233) is fixedly connected to the mounting seat (231).

6. The peanut harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The toothed parts of the first comb-shaped plate (11) and the toothed parts of the second comb-shaped plate (12) are both arranged in a prism shape, and the gaps at the intersections of the toothed parts of the first comb-shaped plate (11) and the toothed parts of the second comb-shaped plate (12) gradually increase from the outside to the inside.

7. The peanut harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises an auxiliary component (30), wherein the auxiliary component (30) comprises two groups of connecting frames (31), wherein the connecting frames (31) of the same group are fixedly connected to corresponding mounting frames (21), wherein the connecting frames (31) are located at the tooth gaps of the second comb-shaped plate (12), and a plurality of supporting rollers (32) are rotatably plugged into the interior of the connecting frames (31).

8. The peanut harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a warehouse body (40), wherein the warehouse body (40) is provided with a feed port (41), a discharge port (42) and a collection port (43) on both sides and the bottom thereof, and the warehouse body (40) is provided with a transmission device on both sides of the feed port (41) and the discharge port (42), wherein the peanut seedlings enter from the feed port (41) and are discharged from the discharge port (42), and the combed and picked peanut fruits fall from the collection port (43) and enter an external collection device.

9. The peanut harvesting method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1, feeding; The conveying mechanism of the harvesting device collects the peanut plants after drying and transmits them through the transmission device, and the peanut plants enter the bin body (40) from the feed port (41) in a forward or reverse direction; S2, clamping and fixation; After temporarily stopping the conveyance of the peanut plants, the limiting components (20) on both sides work to fix the peanut plants in the forward or reverse direction respectively; S3. Fruit picking; Two symmetrically arranged rotating shafts (13) simultaneously reciprocate once to drive the corresponding first comb-shaped plate (11) and the second comb-shaped plate (12) to deflect, and the first comb-shaped plate (11) and the second comb-shaped plate (12) respectively separate the peanut seedlings in the forward and reverse directions during the reciprocating process, and comb and pick the peanut fruits from the teeth of the first comb-shaped plate (11) and the interlaced gaps of the teeth of the second comb-shaped plate (12) during the two interlacing processes; S4, collection; The picked peanut fruits fall through the collecting port (43) into an external collecting device, and are subjected to dust and impurity removal treatment to remove dust and dead leaves inside; S5, continuous processing; The limiting assembly (20) is reset and the transmission device is started, the peanut plants continue to enter and push the split peanut seedlings out of the bin body (40) and out of the discharge port (42), and step S2 is continued until the processing is completed.

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