Local heating multi-directional forming die frame for motor shaft and machining method of local heating multi-directional forming die frame

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal plastic forming, and particularly relates to a motor shaft local heating multidirectional forming die frame and a machining method. The forming die frame comprises a forming mechanism, the forming mechanism comprises a left forming die, a right forming die and a mandrel used for supporting an inner cavity of the motor shaft, and a gap between the left forming die and the mandrel and a gap between the right forming die and the mandrel form a local forming cavity of the motor shaft. And the locking mechanism is arranged between the left forming die and the right forming die, and a gap between the locking mechanism and the mandrel forms a supporting cavity of the motor shaft. A machining method using the forming die frame comprises the steps that the end of a motor shaft blank is locally heated and then locked through a locking mechanism, a mandrel is inserted into a cavity of the motor shaft blank, and then the end of the motor shaft blank is subjected to extrusion forming through the left forming die and the right forming die. The device is simple in structure and low in cost, parts which do not need to be formed are supported while local forming is conducted, and deformation is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of metal plastic forming, and in particular relates to a motor shaft local heating multi-directional forming die frame and a processing method. Background Art

[0002] New energy electric vehicles have become the mainstream of the automotive industry, and strict quality and cost requirements affect the processing technology of motor shafts. At present, the mainstream precision forming technologies for hollow motor shafts are mainly rotary forging, radial forging, spinning, etc. The equipment for the above precision forming methods is mainly imported, with high equipment costs, and the forming process and mold technology are subject to the equipment manufacturers. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the technical problem of high cost of forming a motor shaft in the prior art, the present invention provides a motor shaft local heating multi-directional forming die frame and a processing method.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a motor shaft local heating multi-directional forming die frame, comprising

[0005] A forming mechanism, the forming mechanism comprising a left forming mold, a right forming mold and a core shaft for supporting the inner cavity of the motor shaft, the gap between the left forming mold and the core shaft and the gap between the right forming mold and the core shaft forming a local forming cavity of the motor shaft;

[0006] A locking mechanism is provided between the left forming mold and the right forming mold, and a gap between the locking mechanism and the core shaft forms a supporting cavity for the motor shaft.

[0007] In some embodiments, the forming mechanism further includes a left template and a right template that are arranged relatively to each other, the left forming mold is installed on the left template, and the right forming mold is installed on the right template.

[0008] In some embodiments, the forming mechanism further includes a left slider and a right slider, the left template is slidably disposed on the left slider, and the right template is slidably disposed on the right slider.

[0009] In some embodiments, the forming mechanism also includes a driving mechanism, which is fixedly connected to the left slider and the right slider and is used to drive the movement of the left slider and the right slider, and the moving direction of the left slider and the right slider is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the left template and the right template.

[0010] In some embodiments, at least two groups of the forming mechanisms are provided on the left template and the right template.

[0011] In some embodiments, the two ends of the core shaft are a connecting portion and an inserting portion respectively, the core shaft is connected to the right forming mold via the connecting portion, and a positioning hole matching the inserting portion is provided on the left forming mold.

[0012] In some embodiments, the locking mechanism includes an upper locking mold and a lower locking mold, the lower locking mold is fixedly arranged on a workbench, the upper locking mold is connected to a lifting mechanism, the upper locking mold and the lower locking mold have grooves matching the outer diameter of the motor shaft, and the gap between the grooves on the upper locking mold and the lower locking mold and the core shaft forms the support cavity.

[0013] In some embodiments, both sides of the upper locking mold and the lower locking mold have first limiting steps, and the opposite sides of the left forming mold and the right forming mold have second limiting steps matching the first limiting steps.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for local heating multi-directional forming of a motor shaft, which uses the above-mentioned forming die frame for processing, locally heats the end of the motor shaft blank and then locks it with a locking mechanism, then inserts a core shaft into the cavity of the motor shaft blank, and then uses a left forming mold and a right forming mold to extrude the end of the motor shaft blank.

[0015] In some embodiments, the extrusion is performed at least twice.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The present invention has a simple structure and low cost, and can support parts that do not need to be formed during local forming to avoid deformation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the blank structure;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in the intermediate state of forming;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the motor shaft structure;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a front view of the forming mold frame structure;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the forming die frame;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism structure;

[0023] In the figure, 1. left forming mold, 11. forming cavity, 12. positioning hole, 13. second limiting step, 2. right forming mold, 21. step hole, 3. left template, 4. right template, 5. upper locking mold, 6. lower locking mold, 61. first limiting step, 7. workbench, 8. sliding seat, 9. core shaft, 91. connecting part, 92. plug-in part, 100. motor shaft, 200. blank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative changes belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, the end of the motor shaft 100 is a necked structure, such as Figure 1 As shown, the blank 200 is usually a tubular blank 200 of equal diameter, and the end of the blank 200 needs to be locally heated and formed to form the corresponding motor shaft 100 structure.

[0026] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown in the figure, the structure of forming the motor shaft 100 is shown in the figure. The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a multi-directional forming die frame for locally heating the motor shaft 100, including

[0027] A forming mechanism, the forming mechanism comprising a left forming mold 1, a right forming mold 2 and a core shaft 9 for supporting the inner cavity of the motor shaft 100, the gap between the left forming mold 1 and the core shaft 9 and the gap between the right forming mold 2 and the core shaft 9 forming a local forming cavity 11 of the motor shaft 100;

[0028] The locking mechanism is disposed between the left forming mold 1 and the right forming mold 2 , and the gap between the locking mechanism and the core shaft 9 forms a supporting cavity for the motor shaft 100 .

[0029] The method of using the above mold frame to locally heat and form the motor shaft 100 is as follows: during processing, the motor shaft blank 200 is locally heated at the end, and then the blank 200 is clamped by a manipulator, and then the mandrel 9 is passed through the cavity of the blank, and the left forming mold 1 and the right forming mold 2 are relatively moved, and the heated end of the blank 200 is extruded by the forming cavity 11 to perform closing forming. During the processing, since the blank 200 cavity is supported by the mandrel 9, the non-heated middle area outside the blank 200 is clamped and supported by the locking mechanism, and the non-heated area will not be deformed during the local forming process of the end. During operation, Figure 2As shown, one end can be formed first, such as processing the left end of the core shaft 9 first, and the right forming mold 2 is also sleeved on the outside of the blank 200, so that the locking mechanism, the right forming mold 2 and the core shaft 9 can position, hold and support the part of the blank 200 that does not need to be processed to prevent abnormal deformation during the forming process, and the left forming mold 1 is moved to the left end of the blank 200 to close the heated part of the left end of the core shaft 9. Considering the deformation problem at this point, the closing cannot be formed in one time. The first closing can use the left forming mold 1 whose forming cavity 11 size is larger than the motor shaft 100. After the first forming, the left end of the blank 200 can be formed again using the left forming mold 1 whose forming cavity 11 is the same size as the motor shaft 100, so as to form as shown in FIG. Figure 2 The intermediate state result is shown. After the left end is formed, the right end is formed.

[0030] In order to avoid deformation of the non-heating area, which may affect the life of the mold and increase costs, the tensile strength of the blank 200 is preferably ≥ 675 MPa or the hardness is ≥ 200 HB.

[0031] The temperature range of local heating is 900℃~1200℃ or 750℃~850℃, the former temperature range is the hot forging temperature range, and the latter is the sub-hot forging temperature range. The selection of the above heating temperature range is related to the performance of the raw materials and whether oxide scale is generated. The sub-hot forging range is used under the condition of ensuring reliable forming and acceptable die life. In this case, oxide scale is generally not generated, and no additional means are needed to remove the oxide scale. If the hot forging heating range is used in this process, water descaling is needed to remove the oxide scale in this process.

[0032] like Figure 4 and 5 As shown, in order to facilitate the installation and movement of the left forming mold 1 and the right forming mold 2, in some embodiments, the forming mechanism further includes a left template 3 and a right template 4 that are relatively arranged, the left forming mold 1 is installed on the left template 3, and the right forming mold 2 is installed on the right template 4. Specifically, the left forming mold 1 and the right forming mold 2 can be fixed to the left template 3 and the right template 4 respectively by screws, and the left forming mold 1 and the right forming mold 2 are relatively arranged, and the movement of the left forming mold 1 and the right forming mold 2 can be realized by driving the left template 3 and the right template 4 to move.

[0033] In order to facilitate the movement of the left template 3 and the right template 4, in some embodiments, the forming mechanism also includes a left slider and a right slider (not shown in the figure), the left template 3 is slidably set on the left slider, and the right template 4 is slidably set on the right slider.

[0034] In some embodiments, the forming mechanism further includes a driving mechanism (not shown in the figure), which is fixedly connected to the left slider and the right slider and is used to drive the movement of the left slider and the right slider, and the movement direction of the left slider and the right slider is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the left template 3 and the right template 4. This arrangement enables the left template 3 and the right template 4 to have the ability of two-dimensional movement, thereby facilitating the movement of the forming mechanism.

[0035] At least two groups of forming mechanisms are provided on the left template 3 and the right template 4. As mentioned above, considering the deformation amount, the closing cannot be formed at one time. In the case of large deformation amount, two or more left forming molds 1 and / or right forming molds 2 of different sizes need to be used. In this case, frequent disassembly and assembly of the corresponding forming molds is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the efficiency is low. At least two groups of forming mechanisms are provided on the left template 3 and the right template 4. The left slider and the slider are driven to move by the driving mechanism, and the left slider and the slider drive the left template 3 and the right template 4 to move, so that the corresponding group of forming mechanisms on the left template 3 and the right template 4 can correspond to the blank 200, and then the left template 3 and the right template 4 are made to slide on the left slider and the right slider, and then contact the blank 200 to form the blank 200.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, in order to facilitate the installation and positioning of the mandrel 9, in some embodiments, the two ends of the mandrel 9 are respectively a connecting portion 91 and a plug-in portion 92. The mandrel 9 is connected to the right forming mold 2 through the connecting portion 91, and a positioning hole 12 matching the plug-in portion 92 is provided on the left forming mold 1. Specifically, the connecting portion 91 at one end of the mandrel 9 can be set to have a diameter larger than the size of the main part of the mandrel 9, and a corresponding step hole 21 is correspondingly provided on the right forming mold 2. When the right forming mold 2 is installed on the right template 4, the connecting portion 91 is installed in the step hole 21, and the other end of the mandrel 9 extends toward the left forming mold 1 through the step hole 21, so that the mandrel 9 is installed and fixed at the same time when the right forming mold 2 is installed. The plug-in portion 92 provided at the other end can be plugged and guided with the corresponding positioning hole 12 of the left forming mold 1 during the forming process to prevent the mandrel 9 from being deflected and causing forming errors.

[0037] In order to facilitate the clamping and supporting of the motor shaft blank 200, in some embodiments, the locking mechanism includes an upper locking mold 5 and a lower locking mold 6, the lower locking mold 6 is fixedly arranged on the workbench 7, the upper locking mold 5 is connected to the lifting mechanism, the grooves on the upper locking mold 5 and the lower locking mold 6 match the outer diameter of the motor shaft 100, and the gap between the grooves on the upper locking mold 5 and the lower locking mold 6 and the mandrel 9 forms the support cavity. When the motor shaft blank 200 is clamped and fixed, the locally heated motor shaft blank 200 is first placed in the groove of the lower locking mold 6 by a manipulator, and then the upper locking mold 5 is driven by the lifting mechanism to move downward to cooperate with the lower locking mold 6, thereby clamping and fixing the motor shaft blank 200. The specific lifting mechanism can be a hydraulic cylinder, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the sliding seat 8, and the upper locking mold 5 is installed on the sliding seat 8.

[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, in order to achieve precise molding, in some embodiments, the upper locking mold 5 and the lower locking mold 6 have first limiting steps 61 on both sides, and the left forming mold 1 and the right forming mold 2 have second limiting steps 13 matching the first limiting steps 61 on the opposite side. The first limiting step 61 and the second limiting step 13 can be used to achieve guidance and avoid deflection during the forming process by using the first limiting step 61 and the second limiting step 13, and can also form a closed forming cavity 11 and a supporting cavity between the locking mechanism and the forming mechanism, so as to avoid deformation of the local forming area and other areas toward non-target shapes and improve the forming accuracy.

[0039] Although the disclosure is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the disclosure is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A motor shaft local heating multi-directional forming die frame, characterized in that: include A forming mechanism, the forming mechanism comprising a left forming mold (1), a right forming mold (2) and a core shaft (9) for supporting the inner cavity of the motor shaft (100), the gap between the left forming mold (1) and the core shaft (9) and the gap between the right forming mold (2) and the core shaft (9) forming a local forming cavity (11) of the motor shaft (100); A locking mechanism is provided between the left forming mold (1) and the right forming mold (2), and a gap between the locking mechanism and the core shaft (9) forms a supporting cavity for the motor shaft (100).

2. The motor shaft local heating multi-directional forming die frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forming mechanism further comprises a left template (3) and a right template (4) arranged opposite to each other, the left forming mold (1) being mounted on the left template (3), and the right forming mold (2) being mounted on the right template (4).

3. The motor shaft local heating multi-directional forming die frame according to claim 2, characterized in that: The forming mechanism further comprises a left slider and a right slider, the left template (3) is slidably arranged on the left slider, and the right template (4) is slidably arranged on the right slider.

4. The motor shaft local heating multi-directional forming die frame according to claim 3, characterized in that: The forming mechanism also includes a driving mechanism, which is fixedly connected to the left slider and the right slider and is used to drive the movement of the left slider and the right slider, and the movement direction of the left slider and the right slider is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the left template (3) and the right template (4).

5. The motor shaft local heating multi-directional forming die frame according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: At least two groups of the forming mechanisms are provided on the left template (3) and the right template (4).

6. The motor shaft local heating multi-directional forming die frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the core shaft (9) are a connecting portion (91) and an inserting portion (92), respectively. The core shaft (9) is connected to the right forming mold (2) via the connecting portion (91), and a positioning hole (12) matching the inserting portion (92) is provided on the left forming mold (1).

7. The motor shaft local heating multi-directional forming die frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism comprises an upper locking mold (5) and a lower locking mold (6); the lower locking mold (6) is fixedly arranged on a workbench (7); the upper locking mold (5) is connected to a lifting mechanism; the upper locking mold (5) and the lower locking mold (6) have grooves matching the outer diameter of the motor shaft (100); and the gap between the grooves on the upper locking mold (5) and the lower locking mold (6) and the core shaft (9) forms the support cavity.

8. The motor shaft local heating multi-directional forming die frame according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper locking mold (5) and the lower locking mold (6) have first limiting steps (61) on both sides, and the left forming mold (1) and the right forming mold (2) have second limiting steps (13) matching the first limiting steps (61) on the opposite sides.

9. A method for multi-directional forming of a motor shaft by local heating, characterized in that: The motor shaft blank (200) is processed by using the forming die frame described in claims 1 to 8. The motor shaft blank (200) is locally heated at the end and then locked by a locking mechanism. A core shaft (9) is inserted into the cavity of the motor shaft blank (200). The end of the motor shaft blank (200) is then extruded by a left forming die (1) and a right forming die (2).

10. The motor shaft local heating multi-directional forming method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The extrusion molding is performed at least twice.

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