Quick release mechanism for control surface

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft structure design, and particularly relates to a control surface quick release mechanism. Comprising a control surface, a fixed wing surface, a pull rod, a cam, a pressure spring, a rotating shaft, a control surface square block, a steering engine square block and the like, the control surface square block and the steering engine square block are matched and borne through a square surface, a cylindrical part of the steering engine square block is connected with a steering engine, and the other part is matched with the control surface square block. The locking principle is that continuous contact force exists between the cam and the fixing pin. When the torque generated by the contact force to the cam is smaller than the torque generated by the friction force, the cam cannot rotate, the rotating condition is irrelevant to the numerical value of the contact force and is relevant to the friction coefficient of the cam and the fixing pin and the vertical distance from the center of the rotating shaft to the contact force, and the self-locking effect of the mechanism can be achieved by configuring the parameters. The cam is subjected to acting force of the compression spring in the assembly state. The quick release mechanism provided by the invention adopts a self-locking structure, and is simple in structure, few in parts and convenient to disassemble / maintain; the mechanism adopts square large-area matching, so that the bearing capacity is better; the shape modification of the mechanism is consistent with the shape of the control surface, most mechanisms are located in the control surface, no large bulge exists at the fixed control surface, and the aerodynamic resistance is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft structure design, and in particular relates to a control surface quick-release mechanism. Background Art

[0002] In order to meet the requirements of field wing maintenance and use, and to facilitate storage and transportation, the rudder surface needs to adopt a quick-release structure to facilitate disassembly and assembly, and reduce the space occupied by the aircraft during transportation and storage. The existing rudder surface structure connection solutions mainly include single-axis connection, mortise and tenon connection, disc connection, etc. The above-mentioned structural connections are reliable, but the disassembly and assembly are not convenient, and multiple screws need to be installed or removed, which cannot meet the needs of quick disassembly and assembly. Summary of the invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In view of the above-mentioned prior art conditions, the purpose of the present invention is to design a new type of rudder surface quick-release mechanism, which can achieve the effect of quick connection and disassembly while satisfying the premise of reliable structural connection.

[0004] Technical solution: In order to achieve the above invention purpose, the present invention designs a rudder surface quick release mechanism, which includes a rudder surface, a fixed wing surface, a pull rod, a cam, a compression spring, a fixing pin, a rudder surface square block and a steering gear square block.

[0005] One end of the steering gear square block is fixed to the fixed wing surface, and the other end is plug-fitted with the rudder surface square block, and the fixing pin is fixed to the steering gear square block;

[0006] One end of the rudder surface square block is fixed on the rudder surface, and the other end can be embedded in the steering gear square block. After embedding, the inner wall of the rudder surface square block just contacts and cooperates with the outer edge surface of one side of the fixing pin;

[0007] The square block of the rudder surface has a mounting cavity in the middle and a through hole at the end;

[0008] One end of the cam is rotatably connected in the mounting cavity of the rudder surface square block, and the other end is designed as an arc-shaped structure, and the arc-shaped structure rotates around the rotation point of the cam root; during the rotation process, the edge of the arc-shaped structure contacts and cooperates with the outer edge surface of the other side of the fixed pin; the arc-shaped structure is rotatably connected to one end of the pull rod, and a limiting boss is arranged in the middle section of the pull rod, and the other end of the pull rod passes through the through hole at the end of the rudder surface square block, and the spring is sleeved on the pull rod, and the spring is in a compressed state, with one end supporting the boss in the middle of the pull rod and the other end abutting against the bottom of the mounting cavity of the rudder surface square block. After the rudder surface square block is inserted into the steering gear square block, under the joint action of the spring and gravity, there is a continuous contact force between the cam arc structure and the fixed pin, and the torque generated by the contact force on the cam is less than the torque generated by the friction force, and the cam will not rotate, thereby achieving locking;

[0009] When unlocking, pull the end of the pull rod to overcome the action force of the spring, the contact force of the fixing pin and the cam arc structure, and the cam rotates clockwise. After rotating a certain angle, the rudder surface can be removed in the vertical direction, completing the disassembly of the rudder surface.

[0010] Furthermore, the cam includes a cylindrical portion and a fan-shaped sheet structure, a waist-shaped hole is opened on the fan-shaped sheet structure, and the pull rod and the fan-shaped sheet structure are rotationally connected through a small shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, the square block of the rudder surface is inserted into the installation cavity at one end of the square block of the steering gear to expand outward by a certain space to make room for the cylindrical pin.

[0012] Furthermore, the rudder surface square block and the steering gear square block are supported by the square surface, wherein one end of the steering gear square block and the steering gear is set as a cylindrical structure; the cylindrical part is connected to the steering gear, and the other part cooperates with the rudder surface square block.

[0013] Furthermore, a bearing is provided between the cylindrical structure of the square block of the servo and the fixed wing surface.

[0014] Furthermore, the steering gear square block is connected to a driving structure, which drives the steering gear square block to rotate, thereby driving the rudder surface to rotate.

[0015] Furthermore, the end of the pull rod is provided with a thread, which cooperates with the pull rod head, and the outer diameter of the pull rod head is larger than the diameter of the through hole at the end of the square block of the rudder surface.

[0016] Furthermore, a pull rod head slide groove is opened on the rudder surface, and the pull rod head at the end of the pull rod is placed in the pull rod head slide groove.

[0017] The locking principle is: the cam is subjected to force analysis. In the locked state, the cam is subjected to the contact force of the fixed pin, and the torque generated is T1. The torque caused by the friction between the cam and the fixed pin is T2. The torque generated by the force of the pull rod on the cam is T3. In the locked state, T1<T2+T3 must be satisfied, that is, the mechanism remains in the locked state. When unlocking, the spring pressure is offset by the unlocking force and generates a torque T4 in the opposite direction. The unlocking condition is T1+T4>T2. Under the premise of the above formula, the outer dimensions of the cam are designed according to the internal space dimensions. In the locked state, the edge of the outer rotating part of the cam is ensured to be in contact with the fixed pin, and the cam can only be separated by rotation. Since the servo square block and the rudder surface square block are in a plug-in fit, the cam is also subject to rotation constraints when the pull rod is restricted by the spring pressure and cannot rotate freely. The axial movement of the rudder surface square block is also strongly constrained by the fixed pin, and it is always in a plug-in fit and locked with the servo square block. The servo square block can drive the rudder surface square block to achieve rotation transmission, thereby driving the rudder surface to rotate; at the same time, in order to further improve the locking effect, the spring is selected according to the working conditions, and the appropriate unlocking force range is selected, and the mechanism is comprehensively designed;

[0018] When unlocking, pull the pull rod to release the constraint on the cam. Due to the rotational cooperation between the pull rod and the cam, when the pull rod is pulled to a certain position, the cam can be driven to rotate around its own root. When the cam rotates to a state completely separated from the fixing pin, the limit of the fixing pin on the cam can be released. At this time, the entire rudder surface can be axially pulled away from the servo square block to achieve unlocking.

[0019] Technical effect: The quick-release mechanism adopts a self-locking structure with a simple structure, a small number of parts, convenient disassembly / maintenance, and high locking reliability; the mechanism adopts a square large-area fit and has good load-bearing capacity; the shape of the mechanism is consistent with the shape of the rudder surface, most of the mechanism is located inside the rudder surface, and there is no large bulge at the fixed rudder surface, which reduces aerodynamic resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is the assembly state structure diagram of the rudder quick-release mechanism;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the assembly state;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the disassembled state;

[0023] Among them, 1 is the pull rod head, 2 is the pull rod head slide, 3 is the pull rod, 4 is the rudder surface square block, 5 is the compression spring, 6 is the rotating shaft, 7 is the rudder surface, 8 is the fixed wing surface, 9 is the fixing pin, 10 is the cam, 11 is the servo square block, 12 is the bearing, and 13 is the small shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings or specific implementation cases of the specification. It should be noted that some (but not all) of the disclosed examples are shown in the drawings. In fact, many different examples can be described and these examples should not be understood as being limited to the examples set forth herein. On the contrary, these examples are described so that the positive effects of the present invention are more reflected, and any parts not detailed in the text are regarded as known techniques or conventional technical means in the art.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, in a rudder surface quick-release mechanism specifically designed by the present invention, the basic parts of the mechanism include a pull rod head 1, a pull rod head slide 2, a pull rod 3, a rudder surface square block 4, a compression spring 5, a rotating shaft 6, a rudder surface 7, a fixed wing surface 8, a fixing pin 9, a cam 10, a servo square block 11, a bearing 12, a small shaft 13, etc.;

[0026] Among them, one end of the steering gear square block 11 is fixed on the fixed wing surface 7, and the other end is plugged with the rudder surface square block 4, and the fixing pin 9 is fixed on the steering gear square block 11; the steering gear square block 11 and the rudder surface square block 4 are both square in design to ensure that the two are always in a tight fit during the rotation of the rudder surface;

[0027] One end of the rudder surface square block 4 is fixed on the rudder surface 7, and the other end can be embedded in the steering gear square block 11. After embedding, the inner wall of the rudder surface square block 4 is just in contact with the outer edge of one side of the fixing pin 9; the fixing pin 9 fixed on the steering gear square block 11 cooperates with the cam 10 to play a good limiting role on the rudder surface square block 4.

[0028] For the rudder surface square block 4, an installation cavity is opened in the middle, which is used to install a locking mechanism that cooperates with the fixing pin 9, and the locking mechanism can move in the installation cavity; a through hole is opened at the end (upper end) of the rudder surface square block 4, and the locking mechanism can be unlocked and adjusted by using external tools.

[0029] For the present invention, the important component that cooperates with the fixing pin 9 is the locking mechanism, which is arranged in the installation cavity of the rudder surface square block 4, and includes a pull rod 3, a compression spring 5, a rotating shaft 6, a cam 10, and a small shaft 13; one end of the cam 10 is rotatably connected to the installation cavity of the rudder surface square block through the rotating shaft 6, and the other end is designed as an arc structure, and the arc structure rotates around the rotation point of the root of the cam 10; during the rotation process, the edge of the arc structure contacts and cooperates with the outer edge surface on the other side of the fixing pin 9; the arc structure is rotatably connected to one end of the pull rod 3, as shown in the figure, the connection position is set as a small hole in the straight section, and the end of the pull rod 3 is inserted into the small hole in the straight section through the small shaft 13. This design can ensure that the pull rod 3 has a certain degree of flexibility during the unlocking process. A limiting boss is set in the middle section of the pull rod 3, and the other end of the pull rod 3 passes through the through hole at the end of the rudder surface square block 4. The compression spring 5 is installed on the pull rod 3. The compression spring 5 is in a compressed state, one end of which is against the boss in the middle part of the pull rod, and the other end is against the bottom of the installation cavity of the rudder surface square block. After the rudder surface square block is inserted into the steering gear square block, under the joint action of the compression spring 5 and gravity, there is a continuous contact force between the arc structure of the cam 10 and the fixing pin 9. If the torque generated by the contact force on the cam is less than the torque generated by the friction force, the cam will not rotate, thereby achieving locking.

[0030] In the design of the present invention, the design of the cam 10 is particularly important. On the one hand, the flexibility of unlocking needs to be considered, and on the other hand, the reliability during locking needs to be ensured. During the design, the matching relationship between the square block of the rudder surface and the square block of the servo is analyzed, and the force analysis of the cam is performed. In the locked state, the cam is subjected to the contact force of the fixed pin, and the torque generated is T1. The torque T2 caused by the friction between the cam and the fixed pin, and the torque generated by the force of the pull rod on the cam is T3. In the locked state, T1<T2+T3 must be satisfied, that is, the mechanism maintains a locked state. When unlocking, the spring pressure is offset by the unlocking force, and a torque T4 in the opposite direction is generated. The unlocking condition is T1+T4>T2. Based on the above force analysis, the cam structure of the present invention is designed.

[0031] By adopting the locking assembly structure designed by the present invention, in the locked state, it is ensured that the edge of the outer rotating part of the cam and the fixed pin remain in contact, and the cam can only be separated by rotation. Since the servo square block and the rudder surface square block are in a plug-in fit, when the pull rod is restricted by the spring pressure, the cam is also restrained from rotating and cannot rotate freely. The axial movement of the rudder surface square block is also strongly restrained by the fixed pin, and it is always in a plug-in fit and locked with the servo square block. The servo square block can drive the rudder surface square block to realize rotation transmission, thereby driving the rudder surface to rotate.

[0032] Specifically, when the rudder mechanism is in the assembled state, the fixing pin 9 and the cam 10 are in the contact position, and the cam 10 is subjected to the force of the compression spring 5 at this position. The compression spring 5 is in a compressed state at this time, with one end acting on the rudder square block 4 and the other end acting on the table on the pull rod 3. The slot on the cam 10 is in clearance fit with the small shaft 13, and the kinematic pair of the small shaft 13 and the cam 10 includes a rotating pair and a sliding pair. The small shaft 13 and the pull rod 3 are interference fit, and the head of the pull rod 3 has an external thread, which is matched with the internal thread of the pull rod head 1. The cylindrical part of the pull rod 3 is inserted into the circular hole of the rudder square block 4. A nominal gap is set here to prevent excessive friction during movement. The rudder square block 4 and the steering gear square block 11 are transitional fits between faces and faces, and are the main load-bearing components. The rudder square block 4 and the rudder surface 7 are fixed by four sets of screw bolts and nuts. The steering gear square block 11 and the fixing pin 9 are interference fit, and then a punching process is performed to prevent the fixing pin 9 from coming out. When disassembling, use a fine screwdriver or other tool to pull the pull rod head 1 upwards to overcome the force of the compression spring 5, the contact force of the fixing pin 9 and the cam 10, and the cam 10 rotates clockwise to a certain angle. Figure 3 The rudder surface 7 is then removed vertically to complete the disassembly of the mechanism.

[0033] During installation, first install the steering gear square block 11 and the fixing pin 9, then punch to prevent the fixing pin 9 from falling out, and then install the steering gear square block 11 and the bearing 12 to complete the installation of the fixed end. Then align the pull rod 3 and the cam 10, then install the small shaft 13 in the hole of the pull rod 3, then insert the compression spring 5 into the pull rod 3, and install this part together with the rudder surface square block 4 and the rotating shaft 6. Next, screw the pull rod head 1 into the pull rod 3, and finally install the rudder surface square block part and the rudder surface 7 through four sets of screw nuts to complete the installation of the mobile end. Then install the rudder surface square block 4 at the mobile end and the steering gear square block 11 at the fixed end, and push the pull rod head 1 down to the bottom position close to the pull rod head slide 2 to complete the installation of the entire rudder surface.

[0034] The above specific implementation methods or implementation cases are only used to explain the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present application. Any parts not described in detail are deemed to be conventional technical means or common knowledge in the field. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that based on the design concept of the present application, the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned implementation methods can also be adaptively modified, or some or all of the features therein can be replaced by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not cause the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rudder surface quick release mechanism, characterized in that: It consists of a rudder surface, a fixed wing surface, a pull rod, a cam, a compression spring, a fixing pin, a rudder surface square block and a steering gear square block. One end of the steering gear square block is fixed to the fixed wing surface, and the other end is plug-fitted with the rudder surface square block, and the fixing pin is fixed to the steering gear square block; One end of the rudder surface square block is fixed on the rudder surface, and the other end can be embedded in the steering gear square block. After embedding, the inner wall of the rudder surface square block just contacts and cooperates with the outer edge surface of one side of the fixing pin; The square block of the rudder surface has a mounting cavity in the middle and a through hole at the end; One end of the cam is rotatably connected in the mounting cavity of the rudder surface square block, and the other end is designed as an arc-shaped structure, and the arc-shaped structure rotates around the rotation point of the cam root; during the rotation process, the edge of the arc-shaped structure contacts and cooperates with the outer edge surface of the other side of the fixed pin; the arc-shaped structure is rotatably connected to one end of the pull rod, and a limiting boss is arranged in the middle section of the pull rod, and the other end of the pull rod passes through the through hole at the end of the rudder surface square block, and the spring is sleeved on the pull rod, and the spring is in a compressed state, with one end supporting the boss in the middle of the pull rod and the other end abutting against the bottom of the mounting cavity of the rudder surface square block. After the rudder surface square block is inserted into the steering gear square block, under the joint action of the spring and gravity, there is a continuous contact force between the cam arc structure and the fixed pin, and the torque generated by the contact force on the cam is less than the torque generated by the friction force, and the cam will not rotate, thereby achieving locking; When unlocking, pull the end of the pull rod to overcome the action force of the spring, the contact force of the fixing pin and the cam arc structure, and the cam rotates clockwise. After rotating to a certain angle, the rudder surface can be removed in the vertical direction, completing the disassembly of the rudder surface.

2. A rudder surface quick release mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The cam comprises a cylindrical part and a fan-shaped sheet structure, a waist-shaped hole is opened on the fan-shaped sheet structure, and the pull rod and the fan-shaped sheet structure are rotatably connected through a small shaft.

3. A rudder surface quick release mechanism as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The square block of the rudder surface is inserted into the installation cavity at one end of the square block of the steering gear and expands outwards by a certain space to make room for the cylindrical pin.

4. A rudder surface quick release mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The rudder surface square block and the steering gear square block are supported by the square surface, wherein the steering gear square block is configured as a cylindrical structure at one end thereof; the cylindrical part is connected to the steering gear, and the other part is matched with the rudder surface square block.

5. A rudder surface quick release mechanism as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A bearing is arranged between the cylindrical structure of the square block of the steering gear and the fixed wing surface.

6. A rudder surface quick release mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1, 4 or 5, characterized in that: The steering gear square block is connected to the driving structure, driving the steering gear square block to rotate, thereby driving the rudder surface to rotate.

7. A rudder surface quick release mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the pull rod is provided with a thread, which cooperates with the pull rod head, and the outer diameter of the pull rod head is larger than the diameter of the through hole at the end of the square block of the rudder surface.

8. A rudder surface quick release mechanism as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: A pull rod head slide groove is provided on the rudder surface, and the pull rod head at the end of the pull rod is placed in the pull rod head slide groove.

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