Method for preparing humic acid of fertilizer from waste hay and humic acid fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing humic acid of a fertilizer by using waste hay and the humic acid fertilizer, and relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, fine hay dried under a preset temperature condition is crushed to obtain fine hay powder, an acetic acid solution is added into the fine hay powder for acid pickling pretreatment, and the humic acid is prepared in a grinding state. The fine hay powder subjected to acid pickling is washed to be neutral with deionized water and dried, the dried fine hay powder and an H2O2 solution are added into a reaction kettle for a reaction, stirring is conducted for a preset time period, and a humic acid product is obtained. According to the method, the fine hay powder is added into the reaction kettle, so that when the reaction is performed in the reaction kettle and the humic acid product is prepared, the fine hay powder can be fully dissolved, the residue of the fine hay powder is reduced, the residue of the fine hay powder does not need to be abandoned, the utilization efficiency of waste resources is improved, and the pollution to the environment is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, and in particular to a method for preparing humic acid as a fertilizer by utilizing waste hay and humic acid fertilizer. Background Art

[0002] Fine hay usually refers to the grass of the Poaceae family, which is a perennial tufted herb and is distributed in most parts of China. Fine hay is rich in calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper and organic matter, and the cellulose content accounts for 20% to 30% of its dry weight. It is a renewable biological resource with multiple uses. In addition to some fine hay used for feed and medicine, a large amount of fine hay is landfilled or incinerated every year, causing resource waste and environmental pollution. Humic acid is widely used in agriculture, forestry, industry, aquaculture and other fields. Especially in the field of agriculture and forestry, humic acid, as a component of organic fertilizer, has the functions of increasing fertilizer efficiency, stimulating crop growth, and improving the quality of agricultural products.

[0003] At present, the main source of humic acid is extracted from silt, lignite, and weathered coal. These resources are all non-renewable resources. Over-exploitation will face problems such as resource depletion and environmental pollution. In order to solve this problem and realize the recycling and reuse of agricultural and forestry waste, the current method is mostly to extract humic acid from straw. For example, the patent with application number CN202411170213.9 discloses a biomass humic acid production system, which extracts humic acid from straw by aerobic composting method.

[0004] However, in the prior art, when humic acid is prepared using agricultural and forestry waste such as fine hay, the humic acid preparation solution needs to be filtered. After the filtration is completed, the residue of the fine hay will be discarded, causing environmental pollution and affecting the utilization of waste resources. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to propose a method for preparing humic acid fertilizer using waste hay and humic acid fertilizer, aiming to solve the technical problem that when using fine hay and other agricultural and forestry waste to prepare humic acid in the prior art, the humic acid preparation solution needs to be filtered, and after the filtration is completed, the residue of the fine hay will be abandoned, causing environmental pollution and affecting the utilization of waste resources.

[0006] To achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing humic acid as fertilizer using waste hay, comprising the following steps: The fine hay dried under a preset temperature condition is crushed to obtain fine hay powder; adding acetic acid solution to the fine hay powder for acid washing pretreatment; The acid-washed and ground fine hay powder is washed to neutrality with deionized water and dried; The dried fine hay powder and H 2 O 2 The solution is added to the reactor for reaction and stirred for a preset time to obtain a humic acid product; wherein the humic acid product is made using a preparation device, the preparation device comprising a base frame, a rotating drive member, a mode conversion mechanism, a stirring mechanism and a rotating mounting seat, the base frame is formed with installation positions and working spaces distributed at intervals, the rotating drive member is installed at the installation position, and the driving end of the rotating drive member extends into the working space, the mode conversion mechanism is movably arranged in the working space, the mode conversion mechanism is installed at the output end of the rotating drive member, a mounting position is formed on the mode conversion mechanism, the stirring mechanism or the rotating mounting seat can be detachably installed on the mode conversion mechanism, a preparation space for preparing the humic acid is formed in the stirring mechanism, a ball head grinding mechanism for containing and grinding the fine hay powder is detachably installed on the rotating mounting seat, and the mode conversion mechanism can be switched between a stirring mode and a grinding mode.

[0007] In one embodiment, the step of washing the acid-washed and ground fine hay powder with deionized water to neutrality and drying the powder comprises: The acid-washed fine hay powder and deionized water were added into a ball mill jar for ball milling; After the ball milling is completed, deionized water is continuously added to the ball mill tank for washing to obtain a washing solution; The washing solution is subjected to suction filtration to separate the current powder mud and washing water; Conducting an acidity and alkalinity test on the washing water; When the current acidity and alkalinity of the washing water is neutral, the corresponding current powder mud is dried under the target temperature condition; wherein, the target temperature condition is A, and A satisfies: 55°C≤A≤65°C.

[0008] In one embodiment, after the ball milling is completed, the step of adding deionized water to the ball milling tank for washing to obtain a washing solution comprises: After the ball milling is completed, deionized water is continuously added to the ball mill tank and washed for a first target time to obtain a washing solution; wherein the first target time is B, and B satisfies: B≥30min.

[0009] In one embodiment, the step of adding acetic acid solution to the fine hay powder for acid washing pretreatment comprises: The acetic acid solution of the target concentration is added to the fine hay powder according to a first target ratio for acid washing pretreatment; wherein the first target ratio is C, C satisfies: by volume ratio, fine hay powder: acetic acid solution = 1:20, and the target concentration is D, D satisfies: 3%≤D≤8%.

[0010] In one embodiment, the step of crushing the fine hay dried under a preset temperature condition to obtain the fine hay powder comprises: Under the preset temperature condition, the fine hay is dried; wherein the preset temperature condition is E, and E satisfies: 80°C ≤ E ≤ 90°C; The dried fine hay is pulverized to obtain the fine hay powder.

[0011] In one embodiment, the dried fine hay powder and H 2 O 2 The solution is added into a reactor for reaction and stirred for a preset time to obtain a humic acid product, comprising: The dried fine hay powder and the H 2 O 2 The solution is mixed according to the second target ratio and stirred for the second target time and transferred to the reactor; wherein the second target ratio is F, and F satisfies: by volume ratio, fine hay powder: H 2 O 2 Solution = 1:10, the second target duration is G, G satisfies: G ≥ 10min; In a sealed state and under the third target temperature condition, the reactor is used to stir for a preset time to obtain a humic acid product; wherein the third target temperature condition is H, H satisfies: 180°C≤H≤220°C, and the preset time is I, I satisfies: 30min≤I≤50min.

[0012] In one embodiment, the mode conversion mechanism includes: A mounting platform, the mounting platform is mounted on the output shaft of the rotary drive member, and the rotary drive member can drive the mounting platform to rotate; A gear box, the gear box is mounted on the mounting platform, and a driving gear and at least one transmission gear are rotatably arranged in the gear box, and mounting holes are formed at positions of the transmission gear and the driving gear corresponding to the positions of the transmission gear, and at least a part of the stirring mechanism passes through the mounting holes and is in transmission connection with the transmission gear shaft; and, A first driving member, the first driving member is mounted on the mounting platform, and a transmission shaft of the first driving member passes through the gear box and is in transmission connection with the driving gear shaft; The first driving member can drive the gear box to drive the stirring mechanism to rotate, so as to stir the humic acid preparation raw materials in the preparation space and produce the humic acid.

[0013] In one embodiment, the stirring mechanism comprises: A material storage tank, the material storage tank is detachably connected to the mounting platform; A stirring rod, the stirring rod is installed in the storage tank, the stirring rod comprises a stirring section and a transmission section, the transmission section rotatably passes through the storage tank and is in transmission connection with the transmission gear shaft, the stirring section is formed with a threaded section and an articulated section which are distributed at intervals, the articulated section, the threaded section and the transmission section are distributed at intervals in sequence; a threaded sleeve, the threaded sleeve being threadably engaged with the threaded section; and Two hinged rods, one end of each of the two hinged rods is hinged to the hinged section, and the other end of each of the two hinged rods extends toward the transmission section to form a ball head structure, and each of the hinged rods is rotatably connected to the threaded sleeve via a connecting rod; The first driving member can drive the stirring rod through the gear box and simultaneously drive the two hinged rods to rotate, so that the hinged rod rotates through the threaded sleeve and stirs the humic acid preparation raw materials in the preparation space to produce humic acid.

[0014] Based on the same technical concept, in the second aspect, the present invention also proposes a humic acid fertilizer, characterized in that it includes components and weight proportions: 40-60 parts of humic acid prepared by the method described in the first aspect, 850-900 parts of cow dung fermented liquid, and 0.5-5 parts of superphosphate.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention comprises the following steps: pulverizing the fine hay dried under a preset temperature condition to obtain the fine hay powder, adding an acetic acid solution to the fine hay powder for acid washing pretreatment, washing the acid washed fine hay powder with deionized water to neutrality and drying the fine hay powder, and mixing the dried fine hay powder and H 2 O 2 The solution is added to the reactor to react and stirred for a preset time to obtain a humic acid product, so that the present invention can grind the fine hay powder when in use, and then when reacting in the reactor to prepare the humic acid product, the fine hay powder can be fully dissolved, reducing the residue of the fine hay powder, and there is no need to discard the residue of the fine hay powder, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of waste resources and avoiding pollution to the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1A flow chart of a method for preparing humic acid as fertilizer using waste hay provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Flow chart of step S300 in the example; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Flow chart of step S100 in the example; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Flow chart of step S400 in the example; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for preparing humic acid using waste hay according to an example of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the mode conversion mechanism of the example; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mode conversion mechanism of the example; Figure 8 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the stirring mechanism of the example; Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the stirring mechanism shown in the example.

[0018] Description of Figure Numbers: 100, base frame; 110, installation position; 120, work space; 200, rotary drive member; 300, mode conversion mechanism; 400, stirring mechanism; 310, mounting table; 320, gear box; 321, driving gear; 322, transmission gear; 330, first drive member; 410, storage tank; 420, stirring rod; 430, threaded sleeve; 440, hinged rod; 450, ball head structure; 460, connecting rod; 500, rotary mounting seat; 600, ball head grinding mechanism; 210, second drive member; 220, rotating shaft; 411, outer shell; 412, heating layer; 413, inner shell; 414, heater; 415, feed port; 416, discharge port; 510, rotating shaft; 520, mounting groove; 530, card hole; 470, preparation space.

[0019] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0022] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or solutions that satisfy both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0023] The invention provides a method for preparing humic acid as fertilizer by utilizing waste hay and humic acid fertilizer.

[0024] See also Figures 1 to 9 For ease of understanding, the method for preparing humic acid as fertilizer using waste hay comprises the following steps: S100, crushing the fine hay dried under a preset temperature condition to obtain fine hay powder; In this embodiment, the preset temperature condition is 80° C.-90° C., and the specific process of step S100 is as follows: The fine hay is placed in an environment of 80℃-90℃ for drying to destroy the catalase in the fine hay and prevent the catalase from affecting the subsequent reactions of the experiment. After the drying operation of the fine hay is completed, the fine hay is crushed into fine hay powder.

[0025] It should be particularly and clearly stated that in this embodiment, when crushing the fine hay, it is preferred to use equipment or devices in the prior art that can crush the fine hay into powder. In this embodiment, it is only applied and does not involve the improvement or design of the structure of the crushing device itself, so it will not be described one by one here.

[0026] S200, adding acetic acid solution to the fine hay powder for acid washing pretreatment; In this embodiment, when the fine hay powder is acid-washed, firstly, 3%-8% acetic acid solution is mixed with the fine hay powder in a volume ratio of 20:1 and then acid-washed.

[0027] In this embodiment, during the acid washing, the acetic acid solution containing the fine hay powder needs to be stirred for at least 30 minutes to achieve a sufficient acid washing function.

[0028] S300, washing the acid-washed and ground fine hay powder with deionized water until it is neutral and drying it; In this embodiment, after the acid washing is completed, the fine hay powder and deionized water after the acid washing are added to the ball mill together, and the fine hay powder is ball milled for at least half an hour using the ball mill, thereby ensuring that the fine hay powder is fully broken. After ball milling for at least half an hour, deionized water is continued to be added. During the process of adding deionized water, the pH value is continuously tested until the solution in which the fine hay powder is dissolved is neutral. When the solution is neutral, the solution is filtered. After the filtration is completed, the extracted fine hay powder mud is placed in a vacuum drying oven, and the temperature in the vacuum drying oven is maintained at 55°C-65°C for at least half an hour to obtain fine hay powder.

[0029] S400, dry fine hay powder and H 2 O 2 The solution is added into a reactor to react and stirred for a preset time to obtain a humic acid product.

[0030] In this embodiment, when preparing humic acid products, fine hay powder and H 2 O 2 The solutions are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:10 and added into the preparation space in the reactor. When the preparation space of the reactor is in a closed environment, the temperature of the preparation space in the reactor is maintained at 180° C.-220° C. for 30 min-50 min to obtain a humic acid product.

[0031] It can be further explained that the humic acid product is made using the preparation device illustrated in the following embodiment, the preparation device includes a base frame 100, a rotary drive member 200, a mode conversion mechanism 300, a stirring mechanism 400 and a rotary mounting seat 500, the base frame 100 is formed with installation positions 110 and a working space 120 distributed at intervals, the rotary drive member 200 is installed at the installation position 110, and the driving end of the rotary drive member 200 extends into the working space 120, and the mode conversion mechanism 300 can be movably arranged in the working space In the room 120, the mode conversion mechanism 300 is installed at the output end of the rotary drive member 200, and a mounting position is formed on the mode conversion mechanism 300. The stirring mechanism 400 or the rotating mounting seat 500 can be detachably mounted on the mode conversion mechanism 300. A preparation space 470 for preparing humic acid is formed in the stirring mechanism 400. A ball head grinding mechanism 600 for containing and grinding fine hay powder is detachably mounted on the rotating mounting seat 500. The mode conversion mechanism 300 can be switched between a stirring mode and a grinding mode. When the stirring mechanism 400 is installed at the installation position so that the mode conversion mechanism 300 is in the stirring mode, the mode conversion mechanism 300 can drive the stirring mechanism 400 to rotate around the transmission shaft of the rotary drive member 200 and stir the humic acid preparation raw materials placed in the preparation space 470 to produce humic acid; When the rotating mount 500 is installed in the installation position to put the mode conversion mechanism 300 in the grinding mode, the rotary drive 200 can drive the mode conversion mechanism 300 to rotate, and the mode conversion mechanism 300 can drive the rotating mount 500 to drive the ball head grinding mechanism 600 to rotate and grind the fine hay powder.

[0032] In this embodiment, by providing a base frame 100, a rotary drive member 200, a mode conversion mechanism 300, a stirring mechanism 400 and a rotary mounting seat 500, when in use, the rotary drive member 200 is installed on the base frame 100, and the mode conversion mechanism 300 is rotatably installed on the base frame 100, and the mode conversion mechanism 300 is connected to the output shaft of the rotary drive member 200, so that the present invention can use the rotary drive member 200 to drive the mode conversion mechanism 300 to rotate when in use. Then, a mounting position is provided on the mode conversion mechanism 300, and the mode conversion mechanism 300 can be switched between the stirring mode and the grinding mode, so that when the present invention is used, the fine hay powder can be ground or the fine hay powder after grinding can be used to prepare humic acid through the detachable installation between the stirring mechanism 400 or the rotary mounting seat 500 and the mounting position.

[0033] It can be further explained that, in this embodiment, in order to enable the mode conversion mechanism to realize the switching between the stirring mode and the grinding mode, the exemplary mode conversion mechanism includes a mounting platform 310, a gear box 320 and a first driving member 330. The mounting platform 310 is mounted on the output shaft of the rotating driving member 200, and the rotating driving member 200 can drive the mounting platform 310 to rotate. The gear box 320 is mounted on the mounting platform 310, and a driving gear 321 and at least one transmission gear 322 that mesh with each other are rotatably arranged in the gear box 320. The gear box 320 is formed with mounting holes corresponding to the position of the transmission gear 322 and the position of the driving gear 321. At least part of the stirring mechanism 400 passes through the mounting hole and is connected to the transmission shaft of the transmission gear 322. The first driving member 330 is mounted on the mounting platform 310, and the transmission shaft of the first driving member 330 passes through the gear box 320 and is connected to the transmission shaft of the driving gear 321. The first driving member 330 can drive the gear box 320 to drive the stirring mechanism 400 to rotate, so as to stir the humic acid preparation raw materials in the preparation space 470 and make humic acid.

[0034] In this embodiment, by providing a mounting platform 310, a gear box 320 and a first driving member 330, when the present invention is in use, the mounting platform 310 is installed at the output end of the rotating driving member 200, and the gear box 320 is installed on the mounting platform 310, so that the first driving member 330 installed on the mounting platform 310 can drive the stirring mechanism 400 to rotate through the gear box 320, thereby stirring the preparation space 470, and then completing the preparation of humic acid.

[0035] It should be particularly and clearly stated that, in this embodiment, the first driving member 330 is preferably a driving motor or a servo motor. The mounting platform 310 should be U-shaped. When the stirring mechanism 400 is installed, the stirring mechanism 400 can be connected to the edge of the mounting platform 310 through an independently arranged connecting column, thereby ensuring the connection stability between the stirring mechanism 400 and the mounting platform 310, and improving the safety performance of the overall structure.

[0036] It can be further clarified that, in this embodiment, the example gear box 320 has at least one transmission gear. When there is only one transmission gear, the example transmission gear should be arranged at the center position of the gear box 320. Through this arrangement, the present invention can ensure that the center of gravity of the stirring mechanism 400 is located on the central axis of the gear box 320 when in use, thereby avoiding the deviation of the center of gravity of the overall structure caused by the deviation of the center of gravity of the stirring mechanism 400, thereby ensuring the safety of the overall structure.

[0037] In this embodiment, since the exemplary mode conversion mechanism 300 is configured to include a first driving member 330, a gear box 320 composed of a driving gear 321 and at least one transmission gear 322, and a mounting platform 310, the mounting position is formed on the transmission gear 322. The first driving member 330 can drive the driving gear 321 to drive the transmission gear 322 to rotate, and the mounting position is set on the transmission gear 322. Therefore, when the present invention is used specifically, the stirring mechanism 400 or the rotating mounting seat 500 can be connected to the transmission gear 322 through the mounting position to realize the movement function.

[0038] In this embodiment, fine hay dried at a preset temperature is crushed to obtain fine hay powder, and an acetic acid solution is added to the fine hay powder for acid washing pretreatment. In a grinding state, the acid washed fine hay powder is washed with deionized water to neutrality and dried. The dried fine hay powder and H 2 O 2 The solution is added to the reactor to react and stirred for a preset time to obtain a humic acid product, so that the present invention can grind the fine hay powder when in use, and then when reacting in the reactor to prepare the humic acid product, the fine hay powder can be fully dissolved, reducing the residue of the fine hay powder, and there is no need to discard the residue of the fine hay powder, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of waste resources and avoiding pollution to the environment.

[0039] In one embodiment, step S300 includes: S310, adding the acid-washed fine hay powder and deionized water into a ball mill for ball milling; S320, after the ball milling is completed, continue to add deionized water to the ball mill tank for washing to obtain a washing solution; S330, performing a suction filtration operation on the washing solution to separate the current powder mud and washing water; S340, performing an acidity and alkalinity test on the washing water.

[0040] S350. When the current acidity and alkalinity of the washing water is neutral, the corresponding current powder mud is dried under the target temperature condition; wherein the target temperature condition is A, and A satisfies: 55°C≤A≤65°C.

[0041] In this embodiment, by adding the acid-washed fine hay powder and deionized water into a ball mill for ball milling, finer fine hay powder can be prepared. After the ball milling is completed, deionized water is continued to be added to the ball mill for washing to obtain a washing solution. The washing solution is filtered to separate the current powder mud and washing water. The washing water is tested for acidity and alkalinity. When the current acidity and alkalinity of the washing water are neutral, the corresponding current powder mud is dried under the target temperature conditions, so that the present invention can prepare finer fine hay powder, thereby providing a guarantee for the subsequent humic acid preparation, and avoiding the defect of affecting the preparation efficiency in the humic acid preparation process due to the humic acid being not fine enough.

[0042] In one embodiment, step S320 includes: After the ball milling is completed, deionized water is continuously added to the ball mill tank and washed for a first target time to obtain a washing solution; wherein the first target time is B, and B satisfies: B≥30min.

[0043] In this embodiment, by washing the ball mill for the first preset time, the present invention can fully clean the fine hay powder in the ball mill to avoid waste, and can also fully dissolve the acidity and alkalinity of the fine hay powder to avoid affecting the acidity and alkalinity of the humic acid final product.

[0044] In one embodiment, step S200 includes: The acetic acid solution of the target concentration is added to the fine hay powder according to a first target ratio for acid washing pretreatment; wherein the first target ratio is C, C satisfies: by volume ratio, fine hay powder: acetic acid solution = 1:20, and the target concentration is D, D satisfies: 3%≤D≤8%.

[0045] In this embodiment, the fine hay powder is pre-treated by acid washing with an acetic acid solution, which can ensure the acid washing effect on the fine hay and avoid damage to the fine hay.

[0046] In one embodiment, step S100 includes: S110, drying the hay under the preset temperature condition; wherein the preset temperature condition is E, and E satisfies: 80°C ≤ E ≤ 90°C; S120, crushing the dried fine hay to obtain the fine hay powder.

[0047] In this embodiment, by drying and crushing the fine hay at 80° C. to 90° C., the fine hay will not be carbonized due to excessively high temperature when drying the fine hay, thereby ensuring the activity and stability of the fine hay.

[0048] In one embodiment, step S400 includes: S410, drying the fine hay powder and the H 2 O 2 The solution is mixed according to the second target ratio and stirred for the second target time and transferred to the reactor; wherein the second target ratio is F, and F satisfies: by volume ratio, fine hay powder: H 2 O 2 Solution = 1:10, the second target duration is G, G satisfies: G ≥ 10min; S420. In a sealed state and under a third target temperature condition, the reactor is stirred for a preset time to obtain a humic acid product; wherein the third target temperature condition is H, H satisfies: 180°C ≤ H ≤ 220°C, and the preset time is I, I satisfies: 30min ≤ I ≤ 50min.

[0049] In order to better illustrate the present invention, embodiments 1 to 4 are described in detail below.

[0050] Embodiment 1: S1: Dry the fine hay at 80°C, crush the dried fine hay to obtain fine hay powder, and add acetic acid solution for acid washing pretreatment.

[0051] Specifically, the fine hay from Karamay District, Karamay City is cut into pieces, and then placed in a blast drying oven at about 80°C for drying. The dried fine hay is placed in a grinder for crushing and passed through a 50-mesh sieve. The sieved powder is added to a 5% acetic acid solution by mass, stirred for two hours under a magnetic stirrer, filtered, added with deionized water, and filtered again, and so on, until the liquid obtained by the last filtration is neutral, and the pickling step is completed.

[0052] S2: Wash the acid-washed fine hay powder with deionized water until neutral, dry it and add H 2 O 2 The solution was placed in a reaction vessel for reaction.

[0053] Specifically, the acid-washed powder was placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 65°C to obtain a pretreated powder. The pretreated powder was mixed with 5% by mass of H 2 O 2 The solution was mixed at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10 by volume, stirred for ten minutes under a magnetic stirrer, and transferred to a reactor. The reactor was placed in a forced air drying oven at 200°C for a reaction time of 40 minutes.

[0054] S3: Filter the reaction product to obtain solid residue and humic acid liquid, the latter being the target product.

[0055] Using this production process, the production unit can process 5 tons of fine hay per hour and produce about 30 tons of humic acid solution.

[0056] Table 1 below shows the main components in fine hay: Table 1: As can be seen from the table above, fine hay contains more cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, etc., and is a good raw material for preparing humic acid. In addition, the use of fine hay to prepare humic acid can simultaneously achieve the resource utilization of agricultural and forestry wastes and the improvement of saline-alkali land, with good economic benefits.

[0057] Embodiment 2: This embodiment has the following differences compared with Example 1: In S1, the mass fraction of acetic acid is 3%; In S2, the reaction times were set to 30 min, 35 min, and 45 min, respectively.

[0058] Embodiment 3: This embodiment has the following differences compared with Example 1: In S1, the mass fraction of acetic acid is 3%; In S2, the reaction time was set to 35 min, H 2 O 2 The concentrations are 1%, 3% and 5% respectively.

[0059] Embodiment 4: This embodiment has the following differences compared with Example 1: In S1, the mass fraction of acetic acid is 3%; In S2, when the reaction time is set to 45 min, H 2 O 2 The concentrations were set to 1% and 3% respectively; H 2 O 2 When the concentration was 1%, the reaction time was set to 1 h.

[0060] Table 2 below shows the humic acid content obtained in the examples: Table 2: As can be seen from the above figure, the pH of the humic acid solution prepared by using fine hay is stable between 3.60-4.81, while the pH value of humic acid commonly used in the prior art is 3-6. It can be seen that the production process of the present invention can prepare a product whose pH value meets the requirements of common humic acid products.

[0061] Based on the same technical concept, in the second aspect, the present invention also proposes a humic acid fertilizer, characterized in that it includes components and weight proportions: 40-60 parts of humic acid prepared by the method described in the first aspect, 850-900 parts of cow dung fermented liquid, and 0.5-5 parts of superphosphate.

[0062] It should be clearly stated that in this embodiment, the number of viable Bacillus subtilis in the cow dung fermentation liquid is 4.21 x 10 8 cfu / ml~6.21 x 10 8 cfu, the number of viable photosynthetic bacteria was 8.59 x 10 9 cfu / ml~10.59 x10 9 cfu / ml. The total nutrient ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in cow dung fermentation liquid is 4.84%~8.84%.

[0063] In order to better understand the present invention, potatoes are used with the humic acid fertilizer exemplified in the present invention as an example, and the humic acid fertilizer is sprayed at the beginning of the tuber growth stage. Before the potato seedlings are sprayed with the humic acid fertilizer exemplified in the present invention, the potato seedlings in the experimental area are generally between 50 cm and 60 cm in height, and the chlorophyll content in the leaves of the potato seedlings in the experimental area is between 15 mg / g and 19 mg / g.

[0064] Next, the experimental area is divided into 5 areas, and the light intensity, temperature, humidity and size of each area are the same. Please refer to Table 3 below, which shows the test results of potatoes after spraying the humic acid fertilizer of the present invention in the experimental area. Among them, the experimental record content includes the experimental number, the ratio of the humic acid fertilizer, the height increase value of the potato seedlings after seven days, and the chlorophyll content of the potato seedlings after seven days.

[0065] Table 3: According to Table 1, for potato seedlings in the same area, in the long stem stage, taking Experiment No. 1 as an example, without spraying the humic acid fertilizer of the present invention, the height increase value of the potato seedlings after 7 days is between 2cm-3cm, and the chlorophyll content is between 15.01mg / g-20.55mg / g, that is, the potato seedlings will increase, but the chlorophyll content tends to be stable. According to Experiment No. 2 to Experiment No. 5, it can be seen that with the increase in the number of humic acid portions, the height increase value of the potato seedlings increases, and the chlorophyll content increases. When the number of humic acid portions is 55 to 60 portions, the height increase value of the potato seedlings and the chlorophyll content begin to tend to be stable.

[0066] The humic acid fertilizer of the present invention gives full play to the decomposition effect of microorganisms in the fertilizer and the synergistic effect of nutrients by rationally mixing humic acid, cow dung fermented liquid and superphosphate. On the one hand, the small molecule nutrients produced by the decomposition of humic acid by microorganisms can be directly absorbed and utilized by plants, thereby improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer; on the other hand, the slow-release effect of the nutrient complex prolongs the fertilizer effect period of the fertilizer, ensuring the effective supply of humic acid throughout the growth cycle of potato tubers. Thus, the normal use effect and nutrient release efficiency of humic acid are improved, providing a more efficient and stable fertilizer option for agricultural production.

[0067] It should be particularly and clearly stated that, in the present embodiment, the exemplary rotating drive member 200 includes a second drive member 210 and a rotating shaft 220. The second drive member 210 is mounted on the base frame 100, and the rotating shaft 220 is mounted on the output end of the second drive member 210. The rotating shaft 220 is connected to the base frame 100 through a rotating bearing, and one end of the rotating shaft 220 is connected to the output end of the second drive member 210, and the other end extends to the working space 120. The mode conversion mechanism 300 is installed at one end of the rotating shaft 220 extending to the working space 120, thereby enabling the present invention to utilize the set second drive member 210 to drive the rotating shaft 220 to drive the mounting platform 310 to move, thereby realizing the function of driving the mounting platform 310 to rotate.

[0068] It can be further clarified that, in this embodiment, the second driving member 210 is preferably a driving motor.

[0069] In some preferred embodiments, the stirring mechanism 400 includes a storage tank 410, a stirring rod 420, a threaded sleeve 430 and two hinged rods 440. The storage tank 410 is detachably connected to the mounting platform 310. The stirring rod 420 is installed in the storage tank 410. The stirring rod 420 includes a stirring section and a transmission section. The transmission section can rotatably pass through the storage tank 410 and is connected to the transmission gear 322 shaft. The stirring section is formed with spaced threaded sections and hinged sections. The hinged sections, the threaded sections and the transmission sections are spaced in sequence. The sleeve 430 is threadedly matched with the threaded section, one end of the two hinged rods 440 is hinged to the hinged section, and the other end extends toward the direction of the transmission section to form a ball head structure 450, and each hinged rod 440 is rotatably connected to the threaded sleeve 430 through a connecting rod 460; the first driving member 330 can drive the stirring rod 420 through the gear box 320 and simultaneously drive the two hinged rods 440 to rotate, so that the hinged rod 440 rotates through the threaded sleeve 430 and stirs the humic acid preparation raw materials in the preparation space 470 to produce humic acid.

[0070] In this embodiment, by setting a storage tank 410, a stirring rod 420, a threaded sleeve 430 and two hinged rods 440, when in use, the storage tank 410 is installed on the mounting table 310 through a connecting column, and the stirring rod 420 is set in the preparation space 470 of the storage tank 410, and a threaded section is formed on the stirring section of the stirring rod 420, so that the threaded sleeve 430 is threadedly matched with the threaded section, and the two hinged rods 440 are hinged to one end of the stirring section away from the transmission section, so that when in use, the present invention can utilize the first driving member 330 to drive the stirring rod 420 through the gear box 320 to drive the hinged rod 440 to rotate, so that the ball head structure 450 on the hinged rod 440 can rotate and expand or retract along the stirring rod 420 driven by the threaded sleeve 430, thereby realizing the stirring function.

[0071] It can be further clarified that in this embodiment, when the first driving member 330 drives the stirring rod 420 to rotate, the stirring rod 420 will drive the hinged rod 440 and the ball head structure 450 at the end of the hinged rod 440 to rotate around the end of the stirring section away from the transmission section, and the hinged rod 440 will show a centrifugal motion trend under the rotation of the ball head structure 450. Under this premise, the hinged rod 440 is hinged to the threaded sleeve 430 that is threadedly matched with the threaded section on the stirring section through a connecting rod 460, so that the hinged rod 440 can be reset when the present invention is used, and the function of stirring different positions in the preparation space 470 is realized.

[0072] Of course, in order to better understand the present invention, during specific use, in order to enable the present invention to better stir the humic acid preparation raw materials in the preparation space 470, the rotation speed of the first driving member 330 can also be controlled, so that the articulated rod 440 and the corresponding ball head structure 450 can rotate at different speeds, thereby realizing the function of stirring different positions of the preparation space 470.

[0073] In order to implement the present invention more clearly, in specific use, the exemplary storage tank 410 includes an outer shell 411, a heating layer 412, an inner shell 413 and a heater 414. The outer shell 411, the heating layer 412 and the inner shell 413 are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, and the exemplary heater 414 is arranged on the periphery of the outer shell 411, and the heater 414 is connected to the heating layer 412. When in use, the heating layer 412 is heated by the arranged heater 414 to achieve the purpose of maintaining the temperature of the preparation space 470 located inside the inner shell 413 at 180°C-220°C.

[0074] It can be further elaborated that the outer shell 411 of the example of the present invention is preferably made of thermal insulation material, the heating layer 412 of the example is preferably an electric heating wire, the inner shell 413 of the example is made of a material with high thermal conductivity such as a ceramic material, and the heater 414 of the example can be but is not limited to a device or apparatus that converts electrical energy into thermal energy, or a device or apparatus that controls the temperature of the heating layer 412.

[0075] Of course, in this embodiment, the example storage tank 410 is also provided with a feed port 415 that passes through the tank body and is used to add humic acid preparation raw materials, and a discharge port 416 for discharging humic acid products, and the example feed port 415 and the discharge port 416 should be in a sealed state during the humic acid preparation process. Through this setting, the function of industrial preparation of humic acid can be realized.

[0076] In some optional embodiments, the device of the present invention further includes a rotating mounting seat 500 and a ball head grinding mechanism 600 . The rotating mounting seat 500 is axially connected to the transmission gear 322 , and the ball head grinding mechanism 600 is installed on the rotating mounting seat 500 .

[0077] In this embodiment, by providing a rotating mounting seat 500 and a ball head grinding mechanism 600, when in use, the stirring mechanism 400 is removed and the rotating mounting seat 500 is connected to the transmission gear shaft, and the ball head grinding mechanism 600 is installed on the rotating mounting seat 500. At this time, the second driving member 210 can drive the mounting platform 310 to drive the rotating mounting seat 500 to flip in the working space 120. During the flipping process, the first driving member 330 can drive the rotating mounting seat 500 through the gear box 320 to drive the ball head grinding mechanism 600 to rotate, thereby making the grinding balls placed in the ball head grinding mechanism 600 perform ball milling on the fine hay powder to be ground, thereby achieving the grinding function. Through this grinding method, the present invention can reduce the amount of residue of the fine hay powder.

[0078] It can be further clarified that, in this embodiment, the exemplary rotating mounting seat 500 includes a rotating shaft 510 and a mounting groove 520, the rotating shaft 510 is mounted on the outer bottom wall of the mounting groove 520, a clamping hole 530 is formed on the groove wall of the mounting groove 520, and the ball head grinding mechanism 600 is placed in the mounting groove 520 and clamped with the clamping hole 530.

[0079] When the present invention is in use, the rotating mounting seat 500 and the stirring mechanism 400 are installed in a replaceable manner, so that the present invention can achieve the two functions of ball milling and stirring the fine hay powder.

[0080] In order to better understand the present invention, in specific implementation and use, multiple devices can be set up. According to the preparation requirements and preparation efficiency of humic acid, it is determined whether each device is in the stirring mode or the ball milling mode. When the device is in the ball milling mode, the rotating mounting seat 500 is connected to the transmission gear shaft, and the ball head grinding mechanism 600 is installed on the rotating mounting seat 500. Then, the second driving member 210 is controlled to drive the rotating shaft 220 to drive the mounting table 310 to rotate. During the rotation process, the first driving member 330 set on the mounting table 310 drives the gear box 320 to drive the rotating mounting seat 500 to rotate, so that the ball head grinding mechanism 600 can ball mill the fine hay powder.

[0081] When the device is in the stirring and humic acid preparation mode, the storage tank 410 is installed on the mounting platform 310, and the transmission section of the stirring rod 420 in the storage tank 410 is connected to the transmission gear shaft. After the installation is completed, the first driving member 330 is used to drive the gear box 320 to drive the stirring rod 420 to rotate, so that the stirring rod 420 drives the articulated rod 440 to stir in the preparation space 470.

[0082] In order to further explain the present invention more clearly, in specific use, the exemplary rotating mounting seat 500 further includes a sealing cover 540, which is detachably mounted in the mounting groove 520 and is engaged with the clamping hole 530 to fix the ball head grinding mechanism 600 in the mounting groove 520 to achieve the ball milling function. After the ball milling is completed, the restrictions of the sealing cover 540 and the clamping hole 530 are released, the ball head grinding mechanism 600 is taken out, and when the ball head grinding mechanism 600 is opened, deionized water is added to the ball head grinding mechanism 600 for washing.

[0083] The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing humic acid as fertilizer using waste hay, characterized in that: The steps include: The fine hay dried under a preset temperature condition is crushed to obtain fine hay powder; adding acetic acid solution to the fine hay powder for acid washing pretreatment; The acid-washed and ground fine hay powder is washed to neutrality with deionized water and dried; The dried fine hay powder and H2O2 solution are added into a reactor for reaction and stirred for a preset time to obtain a humic acid product; wherein the humic acid product is made using a preparation device, the preparation device comprising a base frame, a rotating drive member, a mode conversion mechanism, a stirring mechanism and a rotating mounting seat, the base frame is formed with installation positions and working spaces distributed at intervals, the rotating drive member is installed at the installation position, and the driving end of the rotating drive member extends into the working space, the mode conversion mechanism is movably arranged in the working space, the mode conversion mechanism is installed at the output end of the rotating drive member, a mounting position is formed on the mode conversion mechanism, the stirring mechanism or the rotating mounting seat can be detachably installed on the mode conversion mechanism, a preparation space for preparing the humic acid is formed in the stirring mechanism, a ball head grinding mechanism for holding and grinding the fine hay powder is detachably installed on the rotating mounting seat, and the mode conversion mechanism can be switched between a stirring mode and a grinding mode.

2. The method for preparing humic acid as fertilizer using waste hay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of washing the acid-washed and ground fine hay powder to neutrality with deionized water and drying the powder comprises: The acid-washed fine hay powder and deionized water were added into a ball mill jar for ball milling; After the ball milling is completed, deionized water is continuously added to the ball mill tank for washing to obtain a washing solution; The washing solution is subjected to suction filtration to separate the current powder mud and washing water; Conducting an acidity and alkalinity test on the washing water; When the current acidity and alkalinity of the washing water is neutral, the corresponding current powder mud is dried under the target temperature condition; wherein, the target temperature condition is A, and A satisfies: 55°C≤A≤65°C.

3. The method for preparing humic acid as fertilizer using waste hay according to claim 2, characterized in that: After the ball milling is completed, the step of adding deionized water to the ball mill tank for washing to obtain a washing solution comprises: After the ball milling is completed, deionized water is continuously added to the ball mill tank and washed for a first target time to obtain a washing solution; wherein the first target time is B, and B satisfies: B≥30min.

4. The method for preparing humic acid as fertilizer using waste hay according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of adding acetic acid solution to the fine hay powder for acid washing pretreatment comprises: The acetic acid solution of the target concentration is added to the fine hay powder according to a first target ratio for acid washing pretreatment; wherein the first target ratio is C, C satisfies: by volume ratio, fine hay powder: acetic acid solution = 1:20, and the target concentration is D, D satisfies: 3%≤D≤8%.

5. The method for preparing humic acid as fertilizer using waste hay according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of crushing the fine hay dried under a preset temperature condition to obtain fine hay powder comprises: Under the preset temperature condition, the fine hay is dried; wherein the preset temperature condition is E, and E satisfies: 80°C ≤ E ≤ 90°C; The dried fine hay is pulverized to obtain the fine hay powder.

6. The method for preparing humic acid as fertilizer using waste hay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of adding the dried fine hay powder and H2O2 solution into a reactor for reaction and stirring for a preset time to obtain a humic acid product comprises: The dried fine hay powder and the H2O2 solution are mixed in a second target ratio and stirred for a second target time and transferred to the reactor; wherein the second target ratio is F, and F satisfies: by volume ratio, fine hay powder: H2O2 solution = 1:10, and the second target time is G, and G satisfies: G ≥ 10 min; In a sealed state and under the third target temperature condition, the reactor is used to stir for a preset time to obtain a humic acid product; wherein the third target temperature condition is H, H satisfies: 180°C≤H≤220°C, and the preset time is I, I satisfies: 30min≤I≤50min.

7. The method for preparing humic acid as fertilizer using waste hay according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mode conversion mechanism comprises: A mounting platform, the mounting platform is mounted on the output shaft of the rotary drive member, and the rotary drive member can drive the mounting platform to rotate; A gear box, the gear box is mounted on the mounting platform, and a driving gear and at least one transmission gear are rotatably arranged in the gear box, and mounting holes are formed at positions of the transmission gear and the driving gear corresponding to the positions of the transmission gear, and at least a part of the stirring mechanism passes through the mounting holes and is in transmission connection with the transmission gear shaft; and, A first driving member, the first driving member is mounted on the mounting platform, and a transmission shaft of the first driving member passes through the gear box and is in transmission connection with the driving gear shaft; The first driving member can drive the gear box to drive the stirring mechanism to rotate, so as to stir the humic acid preparation raw materials in the preparation space and produce the humic acid.

8. The method for preparing humic acid as fertilizer using waste hay according to claim 7, characterized in that: The stirring mechanism comprises: A material storage tank, the material storage tank is detachably connected to the mounting platform; A stirring rod, the stirring rod is installed in the storage tank, the stirring rod comprises a stirring section and a transmission section, the transmission section rotatably passes through the storage tank and is in transmission connection with the transmission gear shaft, the stirring section is formed with a threaded section and an articulated section which are distributed at intervals, the articulated section, the threaded section and the transmission section are distributed at intervals in sequence; a threaded sleeve, the threaded sleeve being threadably engaged with the threaded section; and Two hinged rods, one end of each of the two hinged rods is hinged to the hinged section, and the other end of each of the two hinged rods extends toward the transmission section to form a ball head structure, and each of the hinged rods is rotatably connected to the threaded sleeve via a connecting rod; The first driving member can drive the stirring rod through the gear box and simultaneously drive the two hinged rods to rotate, so that the hinged rod rotates through the threaded sleeve and stirs the humic acid preparation raw materials in the preparation space to produce humic acid.

9. A humic acid fertilizer, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components and their weight proportions: 40-60 parts of humic acid prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, 850-900 parts of cow dung fermentation liquid, and 0.5-5 parts of superphosphate.

Images