Mining method for abnormal area of iron ore

Abstract

The invention provides an iron ore abnormal region mining method, which comprises the following steps of: 1, analyzing the existing conditions of region ore blocks, determining that the middle section S27 P to S37 P ore bodies in the corresponding region of-350m to-410m are thick and large ore bodies, the average thickness of part of the ore bodies is 80m to 85m, the length of the south side trend of the region is 150m, chambers are arranged perpendicular to the ore body trend, and a first-step stope and a second-step stope can be arranged; 2, arrangement of a stope preparation project is conducted, a slope ramp is constructed through a-410 m middle section footwall transportation roadway to be communicated with a-398 m auxiliary middle section, construction is conducted to the south through the-398 m middle section footwall transportation roadway to be communicated with a-350 m to-410 m middle section draw shaft, a bottom structure is arranged through an S27P to S37P roof collapse area of a-410 m middle section by means of the auxiliary middle section, and the slope ramp is communicated with the-398 m auxiliary middle section; meanwhile, the arrangement mode of the bottom structure is innovated, the mining and cutting work amount is reduced to the maximum extent, a large number of U-shaped steel arch supports during two-step stoping are avoided, ore losses are reduced, construction safety is guaranteed, the problem that regional resources are difficult to recycle is solved, and therefore the mine productivity is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining, and in particular to a mining method for an abnormal iron ore zone. Background Art

[0002] Mining not only refers to the mining of metal or non-metallic mineral deposits, but in a broad sense, it also includes the mining and beneficiation of coal and oil. It is essentially a process of selective collection and transportation of materials. The mining industry is an important raw material mining industry. Metal ores are the main raw materials for the metallurgical industry, non-metallic ores are chemical raw materials and building materials, and coal and oil are important energy sources.

[0003] The mining method currently used is the deep hole drilling stage empty field and subsequent filling mining method. The vertical ore body is divided into a section every 30 meters, and each section is divided into two steps of 15-meter-wide mine rooms and pillars. The stage height is 60 meters. In the first-step mining of this mining method, a fan-shaped medium-deep hole of 20 meters to 25 meters upward is drilled by QZG80Y-I (φ80mm), T100 or 1254 medium-deep hole drilling trolley to form a ore collection trench at the bottom of the ore block; a T150 (φ165mm) down-the-hole drill rig is used to drill a 45-meter to 35-meter deep hole downward in the upper drilling chamber, and a cutting shaft is formed in the middle of the ore block by the VCR method. The cutting shaft and the bottom layer are used as free surfaces for layered inverted step-shaped lateral caving. The blasting height of each layer is 12 meters to 20 meters. After each blasting, , part of the ore is left in the mining area to support the surrounding rock. When all the ore blocks and ores are blasted, a large amount of ore is discharged with high intensity, and filling is carried out after the void is left. The first-step mining area adopts cemented filling. During the second-step mining, the bottom structure uses the original vein as the bottom middle hole rock drilling level tunnel to construct fan-shaped medium and deep holes upward. No cutting work is done on the upper part. The original vein is used as a large hole rock drilling chamber to staggeredly construct fan-shaped inclined holes. At the same time, the adjacent vein is used to pass through the bottom of the first-step filled mining area to construct a mining access road to the second-step mining area. Layered inverted ladder blasting is adopted during blasting, and the blasting height of each layer is 3m. No ore is discharged during blasting, and the ore is left in the mining area to support the filling bodies on both sides. When all the ore blocks and ores are blasted, a large amount of ore is discharged with high intensity, and filling is carried out after the void is left. The ore blocks are mined in steps, and the second-step mining area is mainly filled with tailings.

[0004] However, due to the varying degrees of collapse of the chamber roof in the middle section of -410 meters from S27P to S37P during the mining process, it is difficult to arrange the bottom structure when mining the ore blocks in this area in the middle section of -350 meters to -410 meters. When constructing the access road to the mine, the top will be filled with filling or there will be a void at the top, which poses a huge safety hazard to production. The problem of difficulty in resource recovery in this area has seriously restricted the improvement of mine production capacity. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a mining method for an abnormal iron ore zone to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for mining in an abnormal iron ore area, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Analyze the existing conditions of the regional ore blocks. The S27P to S37P ore bodies in the middle section of -350m to -410m in the corresponding area are thick and large ore bodies, of which the average thickness of some ore bodies is 80m to 85m. The strike length of the south side of the area is 150m. The mine room is arranged perpendicular to the strike of the ore body, and the first-step stope and the second-step stope can be arranged;

[0008] Step 2: Arrange the mining project, construct a ramp through the -410m middle section lower plate transport lane to connect with the -398m secondary middle section, construct from the -398m middle section lower plate transport lane to the south to connect with the -350m to -410m middle section chute, and change the original vein position so that one vein can serve both the first and second step mining areas. Construct a vein between the first and second step mining areas to replace the original prospecting vein in the middle of the second step mining area. Construct a medium-hole rock drilling lane at the bottom of the first step mining area perpendicular to the ore body direction, and construct another lane on the south side perpendicular to the ore body direction as the medium-hole rock drilling lane of the second step mining area. Use the common method to construct a cutting shaft upward at the middle-hole cutting cross lane at the bottom of -398m.

[0009] The third step: rock drilling. According to the surrounding mining conditions, the mining site is determined. In the subsequent construction, the upper fan-shaped blasthole is drilled with a hole diameter of 76mm. The bottom height of the medium-deep hole is 20 meters from the bottom plate, the row spacing is 2.2 meters, and the hole bottom distance is controlled at 2.2 meters to 2.4 meters. The upper large hole construction is set with a hole diameter of 165mm, a row spacing of 2.5m to 3.0m, and a hole spacing of 3.0m. The construction is vertically downward. A slot area is arranged in the middle section of -350m, and 8 reinforcement holes are set as the slot area;

[0010] Step 4: Blasting. When the blasting is completed, the ore should be kept in the mining area as much as possible to support the surrounding rock while ensuring the blasting space. When all the ore in the mining area is blasted, the ore should be discharged in large quantities with high intensity, and the empty space should be filled immediately.

[0011] Step 5: Filling. After the first-step mining is completed, filling preparation work will be carried out immediately. The closed door of the first-step mining is set up between the first-step middle hole lane and the second-step middle hole lane.

[0012] Preferably: in the second step, the lower plate transport tunnel from the middle section of -398 meters is constructed to the south and connected with the middle section chute from -350 meters to -410 meters to serve as the ore chute in the area; an opening is constructed in the middle section chute connecting road to the -398 meter secondary middle section; the prospecting vein in the second step is used as the mine exit connecting road of the first step mining field, and the mine exit access road is constructed from the mine exit connecting road through the second step mining field to the bottom of the first step mining field.

[0013] Preferably, when constructing the middle-hole rock drilling tunnel in the second step, a drilling rig is used to drill upward fan-shaped holes to pull the bottom, the bottom pulling height is 20 meters, and the upper part is blasted by VCR method to drop the ore to the middle section of the -398 meter mining tunnel.

[0014] Preferably: the cutting shaft in the second step provides a blasting free surface for the medium-deep hole cutting bottom pulling, and the upper part of the stope is arranged with large holes by constructing a large-hole rock drilling chamber in the middle section of -350m.

[0015] Preferably: in the fourth step, lateral blasting is performed during the groove drawing process, each groove drawing height is 3m, and the lateral blasting height is 8m-12m, so that the blasting mining area forms an arch; before filling in the fifth step, the mining area must be sealed to separate the entire mining area from all surrounding shafts and tunnels.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for mining in an abnormal iron ore area, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The sub-middle section was used to arrange the bottom structure in the roof collapse area from S27P to S37P in the middle section of -410m. At the same time, the layout of the bottom structure was innovated, which reduced the mining and cutting workload to the greatest extent, avoided a large number of U-shaped steel arch supports during the second-step mining, reduced ore losses, ensured construction safety, solved the problem of regional resource recovery difficulties, and thus improved the mine production capacity;

[0018] 2. By constructing an opening in the middle chute connecting road to the -398m secondary middle section, the problems of the original transport tunnel being broken and the permanent air ducts, water pipes and cables being dismantled can be avoided. In addition, the mining area is separated from all surrounding shafts and tunnels to prevent the loss and pollution of filling materials.

[0019] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The specific implementation of the present invention is given in detail by the following embodiments and their accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the collapsed area in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the -398m secondary middle section development plan in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the -350m middle section drilling chamber and large holes in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the arrangement of large and medium-sized holes in the mining area of ​​the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 5 The principles and features of the present invention are described, and the examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. In the following paragraphs, the present invention is described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may also be a component centered. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in this embodiment, a mining method for an abnormal iron ore area includes the following steps:

[0030] Step 1: Analyze the existing conditions of the regional ore blocks. The S27P to S37P ore bodies in the middle section of -350m to -410m in the corresponding area are thick and large ore bodies, of which the average thickness of some ore bodies is 80m to 85m. The strike length of the south side of the area is 150m. The mine room is arranged perpendicular to the strike of the ore body, and the first-step stope and the second-step stope can be arranged;

[0031] Step 2: Arrange the mining project, construct a ramp through the -410m middle section lower plate transport lane to connect with the -398m secondary middle section, construct from the -398m middle section lower plate transport lane to the south to connect with the -350m to -410m middle section chute, and change the original vein position so that one vein can serve both the first and second step mining areas. Construct a vein between the first and second step mining areas to replace the original prospecting vein in the middle of the second step mining area. Construct a medium-hole rock drilling lane at the bottom of the first step mining area perpendicular to the ore body direction, and construct another lane on the south side perpendicular to the ore body direction as the medium-hole rock drilling lane of the second step mining area. Use the common method to construct a cutting shaft upward at the middle-hole cutting cross lane at the bottom of -398m.

[0032] The third step: rock drilling. According to the surrounding mining conditions, the mining site is determined. In the subsequent construction, the upper fan-shaped blasthole is drilled with a hole diameter of 76mm. The bottom height of the medium-deep hole is 20 meters from the bottom plate, the row spacing is 2.2 meters, and the hole bottom distance is controlled at 2.2 meters to 2.4 meters. The upper large hole construction is set with a hole diameter of 165mm, a row spacing of 2.5m to 3.0m, and a hole spacing of 3.0m. The construction is vertically downward. A slot area is arranged in the middle section of -350m, and 8 reinforcement holes are set as the slot area;

[0033] Step 4: Blasting. When the blasting is completed, the ore should be kept in the mining area as much as possible to support the surrounding rock while ensuring the blasting space. When all the ore in the mining area is blasted, the ore should be discharged in large quantities with high intensity, and the empty space should be filled immediately.

[0034] Step 5: Filling. After the first-step mining is completed, filling preparation work will be carried out immediately. The closed door of the first-step mining is set up between the first-step middle hole lane and the second-step middle hole lane.

[0035] Through the above technical scheme, during work, after analysis, it was found that the ore body from S27P to S37P in the middle section of -350 meters to -410 meters is a thick ore body, among which the average thickness of the No. IV ore body is 80 meters to 85 meters. The south direction of this area is 150 meters long, and the mine room is arranged perpendicular to the ore body direction. 10 first-step stopes and second-step stopes can be arranged, and the amount of ore that can be recovered is about 1.5 million tons. The lower part of this area is a stope that has been filled after the recovery, and the upper ore body has not been recovered. The north and south are stopes that are being recovered normally. The original collapse of S27P to S37P in the middle section of -410 meters The area has the conditions for mining. In order to ensure the continuous production of the mine, mining can be carried out in this area. During the construction, 5 filling and connecting holes will be constructed from the middle section of -350 meters to the collapsed area of ​​the middle section of -410 meters, and the known collapsed area will be filled. After the filling is completed, the bottom of the area will be raised by 12 meters, that is, the bottom structure will be arranged at the level of -398 meters. In the arrangement of the mining project, a ramp will be constructed through the lower plate transportation lane of the middle section of -410 meters to connect with the -398-meter secondary middle section, and the lower plate transportation lane of the middle section of -398 meters will be constructed to the south to connect with the -350-meter The middle section of -410 meters is connected to serve as the ore chute in this area. Two short shafts are constructed in the footwall of the ore body and connected to the middle section of -410, serving as ventilation shaft and waste rock chute respectively. The original drilling position is changed so that one drilling can serve both the first and second stopes. A drilling is constructed between the first and second stopes to replace the original prospecting drilling in the middle of the second stope. A medium-hole rock drilling tunnel is constructed at the bottom of the first stope perpendicular to the ore body direction, and another tunnel is constructed on the south side perpendicular to the ore body direction as the medium-hole rock drilling tunnel for the second stope. -39 At the 8m bottom middle hole cutting cross tunnel, a cutting shaft is constructed upwards by ordinary method. The large hole slot area in the rock drilling uses the principle of spherical charge blasting to collapse the ore in layers. After breaking the top, the ore is collapsed laterally. After the blasting, the ore is kept in the mining area as much as possible to support the surrounding rock while ensuring the blasting space. When all the ore in the mining area is blasted, a large amount of ore is discharged at high intensity and filled immediately after it is emptied. In this process, the total amount of ore dropped in the mining area is 141,000 tons, the ore loss rate is 2.25%, the depletion rate is 13.38%, and the unit consumption of blasting is about 0.45kg / t.

[0036] The comprehensive mining and cutting ratio of the first-step stope and the second-step stope is 23.5m 3 / kt, after the first-step mining is completed, the filling preparation work is carried out immediately. The closed door of the first-step mining is set up between the first-step middle hole lane and the second-step middle hole lane. This not only reduces the filling volume, but also does not affect the construction of the second-step middle hole lane. The overall bottom structure is arranged in the sub-middle section through the roof collapse area from S27P to S37P in the middle section of -410m. At the same time, the layout of the bottom structure is innovative, which minimizes the mining and cutting workload, avoids a large amount of U-shaped steel arch support during the second-step mining, reduces the loss of ore, ensures the safety of construction, and solves the problem of regional resource recovery difficulties, thereby improving the mine production capacity.

[0037] Furthermore, if Figures 2 to 4 As shown, in the second step, the lower plate transportation tunnel of the middle section of -398 meters is constructed to the south and connected with the middle section chute from -350 meters to -410 meters to serve as the ore chute in this area; the opening in the middle section chute connecting road is constructed to lead to the -398m secondary middle section; the prospecting vein in the second step is used as the ore exit connecting road of the first-step mining field, and the ore exit access is constructed from the ore exit connecting road through the second-step mining field to the bottom of the first-step mining field; when constructing the medium-hole rock drilling tunnel in the second step, a 1254 drilling rig is used to drill upward fan-shaped holes for bottom pulling, with a bottom pulling height of 20 meters, and the upper part is blasted by the VCR method, and the ore falls to the -398m middle section ore collection tunnel; the cutting shaft in the second step provides a blasting free surface for medium-deep hole cutting and bottom pulling, and the upper part of the mining field is arranged with large holes in the large-hole rock drilling chamber constructed in the -350m middle section.

[0038] Through the above technical scheme, during operation, a through-vein is constructed between the first-step mining area and the second-step mining area to replace the original prospecting through-vein in the middle of the second-step mining area. First, as a ore-exit connection road for the first-step mining area, a ore-exit access road is constructed from the ore-exit connection road through the second-step mining area to the bottom of the first-step mining area. A medium-hole rock drilling tunnel is constructed at the bottom of the first-step mining area in the direction of the ore body vertically. A 1254 drilling rig is used to drill upward fan-shaped holes to pull the bottom. The bottom pulling height is 20 meters. The VCR method is used for blasting on the upper part, and the ore falls to the middle section of the -398-meter mining tunnel. After the first-step mining is completed, it is closed and filled nearby. At the same time, another tunnel is constructed on the south side vertical to the ore body as the medium-hole rock drilling tunnel for the second-step mining area. After the first-step mining on the south side is completed, the second-step mining area will be mined. The exit route of the first-step mine can continue to serve the adjacent second-step mine after the mining of the first-step mine is completed. This reduces the construction cost of the mining project and reduces the problem that the exit route of the second-step mine must pass through the bottom of the filled mine when mining. By opening an opening in the middle chute connecting road to the -398m secondary middle section, the problems of the original transport tunnel being broken and the permanent air ducts, water pipes, and cables being dismantled can be avoided. In addition, the mine is separated from all surrounding shafts and tunnels to prevent the loss and pollution of filling materials.

[0039] Furthermore, in the fourth step, lateral blasting is performed during the trenching process, with each trenching height of 3m and lateral blasting height of 8m-12m, so that the blasting mining area forms an arch; before filling in the fifth step, the mining area must be sealed to separate the entire mining area from all surrounding shafts and tunnels.

[0040] Through the above technical scheme, when working, the bottom cutting shaft is used as the free face blasting to form a bottom cutting groove during the mining area recovery. Starting from the bottom cutting groove shaft in the center of the mining area, the cutting layer is formed by retreating blasting to the upper and lower plates, thereby completing the bottom pulling project. After the middle and deep hole bottom pulling is completed, the VCR method is used to pull large holes, and lateral blasting is performed during the grooving process. The grooving height is 3m each time, and the lateral blasting height is 8m-12m, so that the blasting mining area forms an arch. After the blasting, the ore is kept in the mining area as much as possible to support the surrounding rock while ensuring the blasting space. When all the ore in the mining area is blasted, the ore is discharged in large quantities with high intensity, and the ore is filled immediately after it is emptied. The preparation work for the filling of the mining area mainly involves the sealing of the mining area to separate the entire mining area from all surrounding shafts and tunnels to prevent the loss and pollution of the filling material. After the first-step mining is completed, filling preparation work is carried out immediately. The closed door of the first-step mining is set up between the first-step middle hole tunnel and the second-step middle hole tunnel. This not only reduces the filling volume, but also does not affect the construction of the second-step middle hole tunnel.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the drawings and described above. However, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with the profession without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mining method for abnormal iron ore areas, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Analyze the existing conditions of the regional ore blocks. The S27P to S37P ore bodies in the middle section of -350m to -410m in the corresponding area are thick and large ore bodies, of which the average thickness of some ore bodies is 80m to 85m. The strike length of the south side of the area is 150m. The mine room is arranged perpendicular to the strike of the ore body, and the first-step stope and the second-step stope can be arranged; Step 2: Arrange the mining project, construct a ramp through the -410m middle section lower plate transport lane to connect with the -398m secondary middle section, construct from the -398m middle section lower plate transport lane to the south to connect with the -350m to -410m middle section chute, and change the original vein position so that one vein can serve both the first and second step mining areas. Construct a vein between the first and second step mining areas to replace the original prospecting vein in the middle of the second step mining area. Construct a medium-hole rock drilling lane at the bottom of the first step mining area perpendicular to the ore body direction, and construct another lane on the south side perpendicular to the ore body direction as the medium-hole rock drilling lane of the second step mining area. Use the common method to construct a cutting shaft upward at the middle-hole cutting cross lane at the bottom of -398m. The third step: rock drilling. According to the surrounding mining conditions, the mining site is determined. In the subsequent construction, the upper fan-shaped blasthole is drilled with a hole diameter of 76mm. The bottom height of the medium-deep hole is 20 meters from the bottom plate, the row spacing is 2.2 meters, and the hole bottom distance is controlled at 2.2 meters to 2.4 meters. The upper large hole construction is set with a hole diameter of 165mm, a row spacing of 2.5m to 3.0m, and a hole spacing of 3.0m. The construction is vertically downward. A slot area is arranged in the middle section of -350m, and 8 reinforcement holes are set as the slot area; Step 4: Blasting. When the blasting is completed, the ore should be kept in the mining area as much as possible to support the surrounding rock while ensuring the blasting space. When all the ore in the mining area is blasted, the ore should be discharged in large quantities with high intensity, and the empty space should be filled immediately. Step 5: Filling. After the first-step mining is completed, filling preparation work will be carried out immediately. The closed door of the first-step mining is set up between the first-step middle hole lane and the second-step middle hole lane.

2. The method for mining anomaly areas of iron ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the second step, the lower plate transport tunnel of the middle section at -398 meters is constructed to the south and connected with the middle section chute from -350 meters to -410 meters to serve as the ore chute in the area; an opening is constructed in the middle section chute connecting road to the -398 meter secondary middle section; the prospecting vein in the second step is used as the mine exit connecting road of the first step mining field, and the mine exit access road is constructed from the mine exit connecting road through the second step mining field to the bottom of the first step mining field.

3. The method for mining anomaly areas of iron ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: When constructing the middle-hole rock drilling tunnel in the second step, a drilling rig is used to drill upward fan-shaped holes to pull the bottom. The bottom pulling height is 20 meters. The upper part is blasted using the VCR method to drop the ore to the middle section of the -398 meter mining tunnel.

4. The method for mining anomaly areas of iron ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting shaft in the second step provides a free surface for blasting for the cutting of medium-deep holes, and the large holes are arranged in the large-hole drilling chamber constructed in the middle section of -350m in the upper part of the mining area.

5. The method for mining anomaly areas of iron ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the fourth step, lateral blasting is performed during the trenching process, with each trenching height of 3m and lateral blasting height of 8m-12m, so that the blasting mining area forms an arch; before filling in the fifth step, the mining area must be sealed to separate the entire mining area from all surrounding shafts and tunnels.

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