Fuel storage tank leakage fire experiment system and method capable of simulating various space conditions

Abstract

The invention provides a fuel storage tank leakage fire experiment system and method capable of simulating various space conditions, a space condition simulation unit is composed of a rectangular plate made of stainless steel and a square plate, and a storage tank fire simulation unit and a data acquisition unit are arranged on the second rectangular plate. Other rectangular plates and square plates are adjusted to turn over around corresponding hinge shafts to form relative positions corresponding to the second rectangular plate, so that a side wall limited space condition, a long and narrow limited space condition and a wall corner limited space condition are constructed and formed; and the storage tank fire simulation unit and the data acquisition unit are used for carrying out a fuel storage tank leakage fire experiment under the space condition. The device is simple in structure and easy to operate; experiment scenes with various space conditions can be realized, and more sufficient data support is provided for researching the leakage fire of the liquid fuel storage tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial fire simulation research, and in particular relates to a fuel storage tank leakage fire experimental system and method which can simulate various spatial conditions. Background Art

[0002] In the storage, processing and transportation of liquid fuels, storage tanks of different sizes play an important role. However, due to reasons such as human misoperation, weak safety management and unconventional equipment failure, the tanks may rupture, causing the flammable liquid to leak out of the tanks and burn to form pool fires, ultimately leading to tank leakage fires. The pool fire formed by the leaking liquid heats the tank for a long time. Once the temperature of the leaking liquid reaches the boiling point, the combustion will suddenly change, resulting in sudden changes in the combustion sound, flame size and tank pressure, which can easily lead to overpressure explosions and secondary disasters in the tanks, seriously threatening the lives of people.

[0003] In the relevant technology, when conducting experiments related to liquid fuel tank leakage fire, the tanks are mostly placed in open space conditions for testing, without considering the impact of surrounding buildings or obstacles on the combustion of leaking liquid. However, in actual liquid fuel tank leakage fire accidents, the tanks are more likely to be in a variety of confined spaces, and the more typical types of confined spaces include:

[0004] Narrow and long confined space, for example, a tank truck leaks and burns in a tunnel due to a traffic accident, and the storage tank is in a confined space consisting of the ground (bottom wall), left and right side walls and top wall;

[0005] Side wall confined space, for example, a tank truck overturned into a deep ditch due to improper operation, the top of the space is open, and the tank is in a confined space composed of the ground (bottom wall) and side walls;

[0006] Angle confined space, for example, a tank truck happens to be in a confined space like a corner due to a traffic accident and leaks and burns.

[0007] When leaking liquid burns in a confined space formed by a building or obstacle, air entrainment will be affected by the obstacle, causing the flame morphology to change. For example, the flame in the confined space of the side wall will deviate toward the side wall, thereby weakening the heating effect of the flame on the tank, and then significantly affecting the temperature and pressure response process inside the tank, which will further affect the liquid leakage and combustion process, and ultimately lead to huge differences in the entire fire process. So, when a liquid fuel tank burns in a confined space, how does the degree of confinement affect the combustion of the leaking liquid and the response of the tank? How to quantify the mutation characteristics of tank leakage fires under different confined conditions? The above problems urgently need to establish an experimental system that can simulate liquid fuel tank leakage fires under different spatial conditions to clarify the impact of the degree of spatial confinement on fire hazards and provide theoretical support for actual fire extinguishing and disposal of similar fires. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] The fuel tank leakage fire experiment system can simulate various space conditions, and is characterized by comprising: a tank fire simulation unit, a data acquisition unit, and a space condition simulation unit:

[0010] The spatial condition simulation unit is composed of four rectangular plates and one square plate made of stainless steel, and the width of the rectangular plates is the same as that of the square plate; the four rectangular plates are arranged in sequence, and the long sides of two adjacent rectangular plates are opposite and hinged to each other, and the four rectangular plates are defined as the first, second, third and fourth rectangular plates (K1, K2, K3, K4) from left to right in the arrangement direction, and one side of the square plate (K5) is opposite to and hinged to one side wide side of the second rectangular plate (K2); the second rectangular plate (K2) is always kept flat on the ground, the tank fire simulation unit and the data acquisition unit are placed on the second rectangular plate (K2) and leave a certain distance from the four sides of the second rectangular plate (K2), and the corresponding relative positions with the second rectangular plate (K2) are formed by adjusting the other rectangular plates and the square plate to flip around the corresponding hinge axis to form the following spatial conditions:

[0011] Side wall confined space conditions: the first rectangular plate (K1) is flipped around the hinge axis between the first rectangular plate (K1) and the second rectangular plate (K2) to be perpendicular to the second rectangular plate (K2), and the third, fourth rectangular plates and the square plate are in the same horizontal plane as the second rectangular plate;

[0012] Narrow and long confined space conditions: the first and third rectangular plates (K1, K3) are respectively turned around the hinge axis between them and the second rectangular plate to be perpendicular to the second rectangular plate (K2), the fourth rectangular plate (K4) is turned around the hinge axis between it and the third rectangular plate (K3) to be located directly above the second rectangular plate (K2) and parallel to it, and the length edges on both sides of the fourth rectangular plate (K4) are respectively in contact with the corresponding length edges of the first and third rectangular plates (K1, K3), and the square plate (K5) and the second rectangular plate (K2) are in the same horizontal plane;

[0013] Corner restricted space conditions: the first rectangular plate (K1) and the square plate (K5) are respectively flipped around the hinge axis between themselves and the second rectangular plate (K2) to be perpendicular to the second rectangular plate (K2), and one side wide side of the first rectangular plate (K1) is in contact with the corresponding side wide side of the square plate (K5), and the third and fourth rectangular plates (K3, K4) are in the same horizontal plane as the second rectangular plate (K2);

[0014] After each space condition is constructed, the tank fire simulation unit and the data acquisition unit will conduct a fuel tank leakage fire experiment under that space condition.

[0015] Furthermore, the storage tank fire simulation unit comprises: a storage tank body (3), an oil pan (10), an igniter, a storage tank support (1), and a flame retardant heat insulation board (11);

[0016] The storage tank body is supported and fixed above the flame retardant insulation board by a storage tank bracket, the oil pan is located directly below the storage tank body and supported and placed on the flame retardant insulation board, and the height distance of the storage tank body relative to the oil pan can be adjusted.

[0017] Furthermore, the tank body is proportionally reduced according to the actual tank shape, with a circular tube in the middle and ellipsoidal shells at both ends. Four holes are arranged in sequence from left to right along the axial direction on the top of the middle tank wall, which are:

[0018] The oil filling hole is provided with a matching plugging bolt, and the plugging bolt can be used to plug the oil filling hole after the oil filling is completed;

[0019] A pressure relief valve interface, on which a pressure relief valve is installed. When the pressure in the tank exceeds a set threshold pressure, the pressure relief valve automatically starts to release pressure;

[0020] A thermocouple string interface, on which a thermocouple string for obtaining temperature change information of the gas phase and the liquid phase in the tank is installed;

[0021] A pressure sensor interface, on which a pressure sensor for obtaining the pressure inside the tank is installed;

[0022] A leakage hole is provided at the bottom of the tank wall in the middle of the storage tank body, and the leakage hole is equipped with a corresponding plugging piece.

[0023] Furthermore, the oil pan is disc-shaped, with a height of 0.05m and a wall thickness of not less than 5mm; there are three types of oil pans, and the diameters of the three types of oil pans are 0.6m, 0.4m, and 0.2m respectively.

[0024] Furthermore, the flame retardant heat insulation board is made of glass fiber.

[0025] Furthermore, the storage tank bracket is composed of two supporting longitudinal beams, which are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the storage tank body and supported and fixed on the flame-retardant heat insulation board; each supporting longitudinal beam is provided with four connection holes arranged in sequence and spaced in the height direction on the side facing the storage tank body, and each supporting longitudinal beam is matched with a connection column. The outer wall surfaces of the ellipsoidal shells at the left and right ends of the storage tank body are respectively welded and fixed with connection sleeves (3e), and the two ends of the connection column (2) are respectively connected and fixed to the connection sleeve at one end of the storage tank body and a connection hole on the storage tank bracket on the corresponding side, so that the storage tank body and the storage tank bracket are fixed. By selecting connection holes of different heights, the height distance of the storage tank body relative to the oil pan can be adjusted.

[0026] Furthermore, the connecting sleeves at the left and right ends of the storage tank body are coaxial with each other and the storage tank body.

[0027] Furthermore, the sleeve hole of the connecting sleeve is provided with an internal thread, and the corresponding end of the connecting column is provided with a matching external thread, and the connecting sleeve and the connecting column are connected by screw connection;

[0028] Alternatively, after the connecting sleeve is sleeved on the connecting column, the two are fixedly connected by passing the pin through the connecting sleeve and the connecting column, which can not only realize the connection between the two but also prevent the storage tank body from deflecting;

[0029] The connection hole on the storage tank bracket is provided with an internal thread, and the corresponding end of the connection column is provided with a matching external thread, and the connection hole and the connection column are connected by screw connection.

[0030] Furthermore, the data acquisition unit includes an electronic balance, a sound level meter, a camera, a thermocouple string, a pressure sensor and a radiation heat flux meter, which are used to collect various parameter data during the fire process.

[0031] The experimental method of the fuel tank leakage fire experimental system capable of simulating various spatial conditions as described above is characterized in that after one of the spatial conditions is constructed, the tank fire simulation unit and the data acquisition unit perform the following experimental contents under the spatial condition:

[0032] Use a funnel to inject a certain amount of liquid fuel into the tank from the top oil filling hole, and then use the oil sealing bolt to seal it;

[0033] Turn on the data acquisition unit;

[0034] After the plugging piece of the leakage hole of the storage tank body is pulled out, the liquid fuel leaks out from the leakage hole of the storage tank body, and the leaked fuel in the oil pan is ignited by an igniter, and then the igniter is removed;

[0035] People should stay away from the test bench and keep a distance of more than 15m;

[0036] After the flame disappears and the pressure reaches 0, the data acquisition unit is turned off to obtain the measurement data.

[0037] The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate; it can realize experimental scenes with various spatial conditions and can provide more sufficient data support for studying liquid fuel storage tank leakage fires. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The drawings that constitute a part of the present invention are used to provide further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tank fire simulation unit and a data acquisition unit;

[0040] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of four spatial conditions;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the storage tank body;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tank support.

[0043] Reference numerals in the figures:

[0044] Storage tank support 1; connecting column 2; storage tank body 3; oil filling hole 3a; pressure relief valve interface 3b; thermocouple string interface 3c; pressure sensor interface 3d; connecting sleeve 3e; leakage hole 3f; plugging bolt 4; pressure relief valve 5; thermocouple string 6; pressure sensor 7; plugging piece 8; sound level meter 9; oil pan 10; flame retardant insulation board 11; electronic balance 12; radiation heat flux meter 13; radiation heat flux meter support 14; camera 15; camera support 16; space condition simulation unit 17; first rectangular plate K1; second rectangular plate K2; third rectangular plate K3; fourth rectangular plate K4; square plate K5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the indicated orientation or position relationship is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the application product is usually placed when in use, or is the orientation or position relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention or simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0047] The term "plurality" in the present invention refers to more than two (including two). The terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish and describe, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0048] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting", "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0049] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0050] As shown in the figure, the experimental system of the present invention includes:

[0051] Tank fire simulation unit, data acquisition unit, space condition simulation unit:

[0052] The space condition simulation unit is composed of four rectangular plates and one square plate made of stainless steel. The length-to-width ratio of each rectangular plate is 3:1, the length-to-width ratio of the square plate K5 is 1:1, and the width of the rectangular plate is the same as the width of the square plate. In this embodiment, the dimensions (length and width) of the rectangular plate are: 3m long × 1m wide, and the dimensions of the square plate are 1m long × 1m wide.

[0053] See also Figure 2 , four rectangular plates are arranged in sequence, and the long sides of two adjacent rectangular plates are opposite and hinged by hinges. The four rectangular plates are defined as the first rectangular plate K1, the second rectangular plate K2, the third rectangular plate K3 and the fourth rectangular plate K4 from left to right in the arrangement direction. One side of the square plate K5 is opposite to the wide side of the second rectangular plate K2 and is hinged by hinges; the tank fire simulation unit and the data acquisition unit are placed on the second rectangular plate K2 and leave a certain distance from the four sides of the second rectangular plate K2. The second rectangular plate K2 is laid flat on the ground. By adjusting the other rectangular plates and the square plates to flip around the corresponding hinge axis to form a corresponding relative position with the second rectangular plate K2, a total of four spatial conditions are constructed. After each spatial condition is constructed, the tank fire simulation unit and the data acquisition unit conduct a fuel tank leakage fire experiment under the spatial condition.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the tank fire simulation unit includes: a tank body 3, an oil pan 10, an igniter (not shown), a tank bracket 1, and a flame retardant insulation board 11;

[0055] The storage tank body 3 is supported and fixed above the flame retardant heat insulation board 11 by the storage tank bracket 1, and the oil pan 10 is located directly below the storage tank body 3 and supported and placed on the flame retardant heat insulation board 11, and the height distance of the storage tank body 3 relative to the oil pan 10 is adjustable;

[0056] The storage tank body 3 is used to simulate an actual storage tank. It is proportionally reduced according to the shape of the actual storage tank. The middle part of the storage tank body 3 is a circular tube body, and the two ends are ellipsoidal shells. Preferably, the total length of the storage tank body 3 is 0.3m, the outer diameter of the central circular tube is 0.16m, and the tank wall thickness is 5mm;

[0057] Combination Figure 3 As shown, the top of the middle tank wall of the storage tank body 3 is provided with four holes in sequence from left to right along the axial direction, namely:

[0058] The oil filling hole 3a is provided with a matching plugging bolt 4, which can be used to plug the oil filling hole after the oil filling is completed; the pressure relief valve interface 3b is installed with a pressure relief valve 5, and when the pressure in the tank exceeds the set threshold pressure, the pressure relief valve automatically starts to release pressure; the thermocouple string interface 3c is installed with a thermocouple string 6 for obtaining the temperature change information of the gas phase and liquid phase in the tank; the pressure sensor interface 3d is installed with a pressure sensor 7 for obtaining the pressure in the tank. Further, the pressure sensor is wrapped with fireproof material to prevent it from being burned by flames. The pressure relief threshold of the pressure relief valve 5 is 1MPa, and it is wrapped with fireproof material to prevent it from being burned by flames.

[0059] A leakage hole 3f is provided at the bottom of the middle tank wall of the storage tank body 3, and the leakage hole is equipped with a corresponding plugging piece 8. At the beginning of the experiment, the plugging piece is opened to realize oil leakage. Furthermore, the whole system is equipped with three storage tank bodies. The difference between the three storage tank bodies is that the apertures of the leakage holes are different, which are 2.0mm, 2.5mm and 3.0mm respectively, and the other structures are the same. Preferably, the leakage hole 3f is provided in the center of the bottom of the middle tank wall of the storage tank body 3. The plugging piece 8 is made of stainless steel, which matches the leakage holes of the three storage tank bodies, and the diameters are also 2.0mm, 2.5mm and 3.0mm respectively. Before the experiment starts, it is inserted into the corresponding leakage holes of the three storage tanks.

[0060] Preferably, the design pressure of the storage tank body 3 is not less than 2MPa;

[0061] The oil pan 10 is used to receive the liquid fuel leaked from the storage tank body 3, and the igniter is used to ignite the fuel in the oil pan 10. After ignition, the igniter is immediately removed;

[0062] Furthermore, the oil pan 10 is disc-shaped, with a height of 0.05m and a wall thickness of not less than 5mm; there are three types of oil pans, and the diameters of the three types of oil pans are 0.6m, 0.4m, and 0.2m respectively;

[0063] The flame retardant heat insulation board 11 is made of glass fiber and is located between the oil pan and the electronic balance to absorb the heat of the oil pan to prevent the electronic balance from being damaged by high temperature;

[0064] The storage tank body 3 is supported and fixed on the top of the flame retardant heat insulation board 11 by the storage tank bracket 1, and the specific structure that the height distance of the storage tank body 3 relative to the oil pan 10 is adjustable is as follows: the storage tank bracket 1 is two supporting longitudinal beams, which are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the storage tank body 3 and supported and fixed on the flame retardant heat insulation board 11; preferably, a base is fixed at the bottom end of each supporting longitudinal beam, which is supported and relatively fixed on the flame retardant heat insulation board 11 by the base;

[0065] Combination Figure 4As shown, four connection holes arranged in sequence in the height direction are arranged on the side of each supporting longitudinal beam body facing the storage tank body 3, and each supporting longitudinal beam body matches a connection column 2. The outer wall surfaces of the ellipsoidal shells at the left and right ends of the storage tank body 3 are respectively welded and fixed with connection sleeves 3e, and the two ends of the connection column 2 are respectively connected and fixed with the connection sleeve 3e at one end of the storage tank body 3 and a connection hole on the storage tank bracket 1 on the corresponding side, so that the storage tank body 3 is fixed to the storage tank bracket 1. By selecting connection holes of different heights, the height distance of the storage tank body 3 relative to the oil pan can be adjusted;

[0066] Preferably, the connecting sleeves 3 e at the left and right ends of the storage tank body 3 are coaxial with each other and with the storage tank body 3 .

[0067] Furthermore, the sleeve hole of the connecting sleeve 3e is provided with an internal thread, and the corresponding end of the connecting column 2 is provided with a matching external thread, and the connecting sleeve 3e is connected to the connecting column 2 by screwing. Alternatively, after the connecting sleeve 3e is sleeved on the connecting column 2, a pin is passed through the connecting sleeve 3e and the connecting column 2 to fix the two together, which can not only realize the connection between the two, but also prevent the storage tank body 3 from deflecting.

[0068] Furthermore, the connection hole on the storage tank support 1 is provided with an internal thread, and the corresponding end of the connection column 2 is provided with a matching external thread, and the connection hole and the connection column 2 are connected by threading.

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, the data acquisition unit includes an electronic balance 12, a sound level meter 9, a camera 15, a thermocouple string 6, a pressure sensor 7 and a radiation heat flow meter 13, which are used to collect various parameter data during the fire process.

[0070] The electronic balance 12 obtains the total mass change information of the fuel contained in the experimental system; the camera 15 is used to obtain flame image data; the thermocouple string 6 includes a plurality of thermocouples, which are located inside the storage tank and detect the temperature change information of the gas phase and liquid phase in the tank, one of which is close to the leakage hole 3f to monitor the temperature of the leaking liquid; further, the diameter of the thermocouple is 1mm; the radiation heat flux meter 13 is used to obtain the external heat radiation intensity of the flame. The pressure sensor 7 is installed on the storage tank body 3 to obtain the real-time information of the internal pressure of the storage tank body.

[0071] Furthermore, the electronic balance 12 has a range of 0-70 kg, which is sufficient to support the tank fire simulation unit and part of the equipment of the data acquisition unit above it.

[0072] Specifically, the tank fire simulation unit is placed on the load-bearing plate of the electronic balance 12 through the flame-retardant heat-insulating plate 11 at the bottom; the electronic balance 12 is supported on the second rectangular plate K2;

[0073] There are four sound level meters 9, which are respectively located at the four corners around the storage tank body and the bottom surface of each sound level meter 9 is against and supported on the upper surface of the flame retardant insulation board 11; the four sound level meters 9 are connected to form a square, the storage tank body is located at the center of the square, and the four sound level meters 9 are located at the four vertices of the square. The measuring range is 0-120dB. Since the bottom surface of the sound level meter 9 is against and supported on the upper surface of the flame retardant insulation board 11, the height of the sound level meter 9 relative to the flame retardant insulation board 11 is 0m.

[0074] The camera 15 includes two high-definition cameras, each of which is supported and fixed on the second rectangular plate K2 by a camera bracket and is located in the peripheral area of ​​the electronic balance 12: one of the high-definition cameras is located at a certain distance on the opposite side of the storage tank body to capture the entire front flame image; the other high-definition camera is located at a certain distance on the side of the storage tank to capture the entire side flame image;

[0075] There are four radiation heat flux meters 13, which are all supported and fixed on the second rectangular plate K2 by heat flux meter brackets 14 and are located in the peripheral area of ​​the electronic balance 12, and are respectively located at four positions around the storage tank body 3, that is, the four radiation heat flux meters 13 are connected to form a square, the storage tank body 3 is located at the center of the square, and the four radiation heat flux meters are located at the four vertices of the square, and the measurement range is 0-20kW / m 2 , height is 0.8-1.0m.

[0076] See also Figure 2 As shown, the construction space conditions are:

[0077] The first type, open space condition: the other rectangular plates and the square plate K5 are on the same horizontal plane as the second rectangular plate K2, that is, the four rectangular plates and the square plate K5 are all laid flat on the ground;

[0078] The second type, side wall confined space condition: the first rectangular plate K1 is flipped around the hinge axis between the first rectangular plate K1 and the second rectangular plate K2 to be perpendicular to the second rectangular plate K2, and the third rectangular plate K3, the fourth rectangular plate K4 and the square plate K5 are in the same horizontal plane as the second rectangular plate K2;

[0079] The third type, narrow and long confined space condition: the first rectangular plate K1 and the third rectangular plate K3 are respectively flipped around the hinge axis between themselves and the second rectangular plate K2 to be perpendicular to the second rectangular plate K2, the fourth rectangular plate K4 is flipped around the hinge axis between itself and the third rectangular plate K3 to be directly above the second rectangular plate K2 and parallel to it, and the length edges on both sides of the fourth rectangular plate K4 are respectively in contact with the corresponding length edges of the first rectangular plate K1 and the third rectangular plate K3, and the square plate K5 is in the same horizontal plane as the second rectangular plate K2;

[0080] Fourth, corner confined space condition: the first rectangular plate K1 and the square plate K5 are respectively flipped around the hinge axis between themselves and the second rectangular plate K2 to be perpendicular to the second rectangular plate K2, and one side wide side of the first rectangular plate K1 is in contact with the corresponding side wide side of the square plate K5, and the third rectangular plate K3 and the fourth rectangular plate K4 are in the same horizontal plane as the second rectangular plate K2;

[0081] After each space condition is constructed, the fuel tank leakage fire experiment conducted by the tank fire simulation unit and the data acquisition unit under this space condition includes the following contents:

[0082] A certain amount of liquid fuel is injected into the tank from the top oil filling hole using a funnel, and then sealed with oil sealing bolts;

[0083] Turn on the data acquisition unit, such as the camera 15, the radiation heat flux collector connected to the radiation heat flux meter 13, the temperature collector connected to the thermocouple string, the pressure collector connected to the pressure sensor 7, etc.;

[0084] After the plugging piece 8 of the leakage hole 3f of the storage tank body is removed, the liquid fuel leaks out from the leakage hole of the storage tank body, and the leaked fuel in the oil pan is ignited by an igniter, and then the igniter is removed;

[0085] People should stay away from the test bench and keep a distance of more than 15m;

[0086] After the flame disappears and the pressure reaches 0, the data acquisition unit is turned off and the measurement data is acquired.

[0087] Note: According to the experimental requirements, you can choose different liquid fuels, storage tanks with different leakage hole diameters, different heights of the storage tank from the ground, different diameters of oil pans, different distances between the storage tank and the k1 steel plate, and different oil injection amounts. The operation steps are all shown above.

[0088] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel tank leakage fire test system that can simulate various spatial conditions, characterized by: include: Tank fire simulation unit, data acquisition unit, space condition simulation unit: The spatial condition simulation unit is composed of four rectangular plates and one square plate made of stainless steel, and the width of the rectangular plate is the same as that of the square plate; the four rectangular plates are arranged in sequence, and the long sides of two adjacent rectangular plates are opposite and hinged to each other, and the four rectangular plates are defined as the first, second, third and fourth rectangular plates (K1, K2, K3, K4) from left to right in the arrangement direction, and one side of the square plate (K5) is opposite to and hinged to one side wide side of the second rectangular plate (K2); the second rectangular plate (K2) is always kept flat on the ground, the tank fire simulation unit and the data acquisition unit are placed on the second rectangular plate (K2) and leave a certain distance from the four sides of the second rectangular plate (K2), and the corresponding relative positions with the second rectangular plate (K2) are formed by adjusting the other rectangular plates and the square plate to flip around the corresponding hinge axis to form the following spatial conditions: Side wall confined space conditions: the first rectangular plate (K1) is flipped around the hinge axis between the first rectangular plate (K1) and the second rectangular plate (K2) to be perpendicular to the second rectangular plate (K2), and the third, fourth rectangular plates and the square plate are in the same horizontal plane as the second rectangular plate; Narrow and long confined space conditions: the first and third rectangular plates (K1, K3) are respectively turned around the hinge axis between them and the second rectangular plate to be perpendicular to the second rectangular plate (K2), the fourth rectangular plate (K4) is turned around the hinge axis between it and the third rectangular plate (K3) to be located directly above the second rectangular plate (K2) and parallel to it, and the length edges on both sides of the fourth rectangular plate (K4) are respectively in contact with the corresponding length edges of the first and third rectangular plates (K1, K3), and the square plate (K5) and the second rectangular plate (K2) are in the same horizontal plane; Corner restricted space conditions: the first rectangular plate (K1) and the square plate (K5) are respectively flipped around the hinge axis between themselves and the second rectangular plate (K2) to be perpendicular to the second rectangular plate (K2), and one side wide side of the first rectangular plate (K1) is in contact with the corresponding side wide side of the square plate (K5), and the third and fourth rectangular plates (K3, K4) are in the same horizontal plane as the second rectangular plate (K2); After each space condition is constructed, the tank fire simulation unit and the data acquisition unit will conduct a fuel tank leakage fire experiment under that space condition.

2. The fuel tank leakage fire test system capable of simulating various spatial conditions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The storage tank fire simulation unit comprises: a storage tank body (3), an oil pan (10), an igniter, a storage tank support (1), and a flame retardant heat insulation board (11); The storage tank body is supported and fixed above the flame retardant insulation board by a storage tank bracket, the oil pan is located directly below the storage tank body and supported and placed on the flame retardant insulation board, and the height distance of the storage tank body relative to the oil pan can be adjusted.

3. The fuel tank leakage fire test system capable of simulating various spatial conditions as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The tank body is proportionally reduced according to the actual tank shape, with a circular tube in the middle and ellipsoidal shells at both ends. Four holes are arranged in sequence from left to right along the axial direction on the top of the middle tank wall, namely: The oil filling hole is provided with a matching plugging bolt, which can be used to plug the oil filling hole after the oil filling is completed; A pressure relief valve interface, on which a pressure relief valve is installed. When the pressure in the tank exceeds a set threshold pressure, the pressure relief valve automatically starts to release pressure; A thermocouple string interface, on which a thermocouple string for obtaining temperature change information of the gas phase and the liquid phase in the tank is installed; A pressure sensor interface, on which a pressure sensor for obtaining the pressure inside the tank is installed; A leakage hole is provided at the bottom of the tank wall in the middle of the storage tank body, and the leakage hole is equipped with a corresponding plugging piece.

4. The fuel tank leakage fire test system capable of simulating various spatial conditions as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The oil pan is disc-shaped, with a height of 0.05m and a wall thickness of not less than 5mm; there are three types of oil pans, and the diameters of the three types of oil pans are 0.6m, 0.4m, and 0.2m respectively.

5. The fuel tank leakage fire test system capable of simulating various spatial conditions as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The flame retardant heat insulation board is made of glass fiber.

6. The fuel tank leakage fire test system capable of simulating various spatial conditions as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The storage tank bracket comprises two supporting longitudinal beams, which are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the storage tank body and supported and fixed on the flame-retardant heat insulation board; four connection holes arranged in sequence and spaced in the height direction are arranged on the side of each supporting longitudinal beam facing the storage tank body, and each supporting longitudinal beam is matched with a connection column; the outer wall surfaces of the ellipsoidal shells at the left and right ends of the storage tank body are respectively welded and fixed with connection sleeves (3e); the two ends of the connection column (2) are respectively connected and fixed to the connection sleeve at one end of the storage tank body and a connection hole on the storage tank bracket on the corresponding side, thereby fixing the storage tank body and the storage tank bracket; by selecting connection holes of different heights, the height distance of the storage tank body relative to the oil pan can be adjusted.

7. The fuel tank leakage fire test system capable of simulating various spatial conditions as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting sleeves at the left and right ends of the storage tank body are coaxial with each other and the storage tank body.

8. The fuel tank leakage fire test system capable of simulating various spatial conditions as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The sleeve hole of the connecting sleeve is provided with an internal thread, and the corresponding end of the connecting column is provided with a matching external thread, and the connecting sleeve and the connecting column are connected by screw connection; Alternatively, after the connecting sleeve is sleeved on the connecting column, the two are fixedly connected by passing the pin through the connecting sleeve and the connecting column, which can not only realize the connection between the two but also prevent the storage tank body from deflecting; The connection hole on the storage tank bracket is provided with an internal thread, and the corresponding end of the connection column is provided with a matching external thread, and the connection hole and the connection column are connected by screw connection.

9. The fuel tank leakage fire test system capable of simulating various spatial conditions as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The data acquisition unit includes an electronic balance, a sound level meter, a camera, a thermocouple string, a pressure sensor and a radiation heat flux meter, and is used to collect various parameter data during the fire process.

10. An experimental method for a fuel tank leakage fire experimental system capable of simulating various spatial conditions based on any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: After one of the space conditions is constructed, the tank fire simulation unit and the data acquisition unit conduct the following experiments under this space condition: Use a funnel to inject a certain amount of liquid fuel into the tank from the top oil filling hole, and then use the oil sealing bolt to seal it; Turn on the data acquisition unit; After the plugging piece of the leakage hole of the storage tank body is pulled out, the liquid fuel leaks out from the leakage hole of the storage tank body, and the leaked fuel in the oil pan is ignited by an igniter, and then the igniter is removed; People should stay away from the test bench and keep a distance of more than 15m; After the flame disappears and the pressure reaches 0, the data acquisition unit is turned off to obtain the measurement data.

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