Optical waveguide element, head-up display device, and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to an optical waveguide element, a head-up display device and a vehicle. The optical waveguide element comprises: a light guide layer comprising a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other, the first surface being a light emitting surface of the light guide layer; the first semi-transparent reflection layer is arranged on the first surface of the light guide layer; wherein the light guide layer comprises a light incidence part located at one end, and at least part of the light incidence part is located between the plane where the first surface is located and the plane where the second surface is located. According to the invention, the problems of complex structure and complicated manufacturing steps of the optical waveguide element in the prior art can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to an optical waveguide element, a head-up display device and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Head-up display (HUD) technology is booming. The head-up display system (HUD) projects the light of the display image output by the image source onto the imaging window (e.g., imaging board, windshield, etc.) through, for example, reflective optical design, so as to display vehicle status information such as vehicle speed and fuel level, as well as navigation, hazard warning and other indication information at an appropriate position in front of the driver, so that the driver can obtain relevant information such as vehicle speed and fuel level without deviating from the road ahead, thereby improving the driving safety factor and driving experience. Optical waveguides (optical elements) have been gradually used in head-up display devices to transmit and project the virtual information generated by the display module (display panel) into the human eye, so that the virtual information is integrated with the real information in front of the line of sight to form an AR image.

[0003] However, the prior art has the problem that the optical waveguide element has a complex structure and complicated manufacturing steps. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to solve the problems of complex structure and complicated manufacturing steps of optical waveguide elements in the prior art, simplify the structure of optical waveguide elements, reduce the manufacturing steps, and provide an optical waveguide element, a head-up display device and a vehicle.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided an optical waveguide component, comprising:

[0006] The light guide layer comprises a first surface and a second surface which are arranged opposite to each other, wherein the first surface is a light emitting surface of the light guide layer;

[0007] A first semi-transmissive reflective layer, disposed on the first surface of the light guide layer;

[0008] The light guiding layer includes a light incident portion located at one end, and the light incident portion is at least partially located between a plane where the first surface is located and a plane where the second surface is located.

[0009] In some embodiments, it further comprises:

[0010] A first reflective layer is disposed on at least a portion of the second surface, the first reflective layer is stacked with the first semi-transmissive reflective layer in the thickness direction of the light guide layer, and the first reflective layer is a reflective material; or

[0011] The first reflective layer is disposed on at least a portion of the second surface. The first reflective layer is stacked with the first semi-transmissive reflective layer in the thickness direction of the light guide layer. The first reflective layer is a semi-transmissive reflective material.

[0012] In some embodiments, it further comprises:

[0013] A plurality of protruding microstructures are arranged on a surface of the first semi-transmissive reflective layer away from the light guide layer, the protruding microstructure includes a first sub-surface facing a first direction, and a second sub-surface facing a second direction, the first direction and the second direction intersect, and the first direction and the second direction are both directions in which the protruding microstructure is away from the light guide layer;

[0014] A plurality of first light shielding portions are disposed on a plurality of first sub-surfaces of the protruding microstructures, and the first sub-surfaces of the protruding microstructures are located on a side of the corresponding second sub-surface close to the light incident portion.

[0015] In some embodiments, the protruding microstructure is a prism structure, and a plurality of the prism structures are sequentially connected and arranged.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first semi-transmissive reflection layer includes a plurality of first semi-transmissive reflection portions, and the first semi-transmissive reflection portions are arranged corresponding to the protruding microstructures. From close to the light incident portion to far away from the light incident portion, the transmittance of the plurality of first semi-transmissive reflection portions gradually increases, and the reflectivity of the plurality of first semi-transmissive reflection portions gradually decreases.

[0017] In some embodiments, the light incident portion is the first end face of the light guiding layer, the first end face is inclined relative to the first surface and the second surface, the angle between the first end face and the first surface is an acute angle, and the angle between the first end face and the second surface is an obtuse angle.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first surface includes a first portion and a second portion, the plurality of protruding microstructures are disposed at the second portion, and the first portion is located between the second portion and an edge of the first surface close to the first end surface;

[0019] The optical waveguide element further includes a second light shielding portion provided at the first portion.

[0020] In some embodiments, a second semi-transmissive reflecting portion is further included, and the second semi-transmissive reflecting portion is disposed between the second light shielding portion and the first surface.

[0021] In some embodiments, a third light shielding portion is further included, and the third light shielding portion is disposed on a surface of the first reflective layer on a side away from the second surface.

[0022] In some embodiments, the second surface includes a third portion located at one end of the second surface, and a fourth portion located on one side of the third portion, the third portion is the light incident portion, and the plurality of protruding microstructures are arranged corresponding to the fourth portion;

[0023] The first light-shielding portion on the first sub-surface of the first protruding microstructure close to the third portion extends to the end surface of the light-guiding layer connected to the third portion.

[0024] In some embodiments, the second surface includes a third portion located at one end of the second surface, and a fourth portion located on one side of the third portion, the third portion is the light incident portion, and the plurality of protruding microstructures are arranged corresponding to the fourth portion;

[0025] The end face of the light guide layer connected to the third portion includes a first sub-end and a second sub-end, the first surface, the first sub-end, the second sub-end and the second surface are connected in sequence, the first sub-end is inclined relative to the first surface, the angle between the first sub-end and the first surface is an obtuse angle, and the orthographic projection of the first sub-end on the second surface at least partially overlaps with the third portion;

[0026] The optical waveguide element further includes a third semi-transmissive reflecting portion, and the third semi-transmissive reflecting portion is disposed on a surface of the first sub-end portion.

[0027] In some embodiments, the second surface includes a third portion located at one end of the second surface, and a fourth portion located on one side of the third portion, the third portion is the light incident portion, and the plurality of protruding microstructures are arranged corresponding to the fourth portion;

[0028] The optical waveguide element further includes an incident light reflecting portion connected to the third portion, the incident light reflecting portion includes an incident light reflecting surface, and an angle between the incident light reflecting surface and an end of the third portion away from the fourth portion is acute.

[0029] According to a second aspect of the present application, a head-up display device is provided, comprising the optical waveguide element described in any one of the above, and a display panel, wherein display light emitted by the display panel is incident on the light incident portion, and the display light is emitted from the first surface of the light guiding layer of the optical waveguide element to a projection medium for imaging.

[0030] According to a third aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, comprising a windshield and the above-mentioned head-up display device, wherein the windshield is the projection medium.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, a first semi-transmissive reflective layer is disposed on the first surface, and the first semi-transmissive reflective layer is disposed on the surface of the plane, so that the optical waveguide element has a simple structure and a simple manufacturing process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or exemplary embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or exemplary embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the phenomenon of sunlight backflow.

[0034] Figure 2 A first cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical waveguide component provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic three-dimensional top view of an optical waveguide element provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0036] Figure 4 A second cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical waveguide component provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a light incident process of an optical waveguide element provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0038] Figure 6 A third cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical waveguide component provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0039] Figure 7 A fourth cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical waveguide element provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0040] Figure 8 A fifth cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical waveguide component provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0041] Fig. 9 A sixth cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical waveguide component provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0042] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a head-up display device provided in some embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0044] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0045] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0046] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description that a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, etc., or similar descriptions appear, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0048] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0049] In the prior art, there are problems that the structure of the optical waveguide element is complex and the manufacturing steps are complicated.

[0050] Based on the above problems, the present application provides an optical waveguide component, a head-up display device and a vehicle, which can make the optical waveguide component 100 simple in structure and manufacturing process.

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the phenomenon of sunlight backflow. Figure 2 A first cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical waveguide component provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 3 A schematic three-dimensional top view of an optical waveguide element provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 4 A second cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical waveguide component provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a light incident process of an optical waveguide element provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 5 Indicated Figure 4 The light incident process of the optical waveguide component.

[0052] Figure 6 A third cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical waveguide component provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 7 A fourth cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical waveguide element provided in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 8 A fifth cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical waveguide component provided in some embodiments of the present application. Fig. 9A sixth cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical waveguide component provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0053] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a head-up display device provided in some embodiments of the present application. Fig.10 by Figure 4 and Figure 5 The exemplary optical waveguide element illustrates a head-up display device.

[0054] First, see Figures 2 to 9 The present application provides an optical waveguide element 100, which includes a light guide layer 10 and a first semi-transmissive reflective layer 40. The light guide layer 10 is a light-transmitting material, and includes a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 that are arranged in opposite directions. The first surface 11 is a light-emitting surface of the light guide layer 10; the first semi-transmissive reflective layer 40 is arranged on the first surface 11 of the light guide layer 10; wherein the light guide layer 10 includes a light incident portion 10R located at one end, and the light incident portion 10R is at least partially located between the plane where the first surface 11 is located and the plane where the second surface 12 is located.

[0055] For example, the display information generated by the display module (display panel) propagates in the light guide layer 10 and is imaged on the projection medium 301 after being emitted from the first surface 11 .

[0056] For example, the material of the light guide layer 10 (waveguide) is any one of transparent glass and plastic, such as any one of polyethylene glycol terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), which is not limited in the present application.

[0057] For example, the first semi-transmissive reflective layer 40 can reflect a portion of visible light, and the first semi-transmissive reflective layer 40 can transmit a portion of visible light. The display light XG1 transmitted by the first semi-transmissive reflective layer 40 is directly imaged on the projection medium 301 described in the subsequent embodiments. The display light XG1 reflected by the front portion of the first semi-transmissive reflective layer 40 can propagate to the rear portion of the first semi-transmissive reflective layer 40, and then transmit a portion of the visible light again to directly image on the projection medium 301.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present application, a first semi-transmissive reflective layer 40 is disposed on the first surface 11 . The first semi-transmissive reflective layer 40 is disposed on a plane surface, so that the optical waveguide element 100 has a simple structure and a simple manufacturing process.

[0059] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide element 100 further includes a first reflective layer 43, which is disposed on at least a portion of the second surface 12, and is stacked with the first semi-transmissive reflective layer 40 in the thickness direction of the light guide layer 10, and the first reflective layer 43 is a reflective material.

[0060] For example, the first reflective layer 43 can reflect the display light XG1 transmitted in the optical waveguide element 100 , so that the display light XG1 is reused, thereby improving the utilization rate of the display light XG1 and improving the brightness of the head-up display device.

[0061] For example, the first reflective layer 43 is a reflective material, such as a reflective metal such as silver or aluminum.

[0062] In some other embodiments, the optical waveguide element 100 further includes a first reflective layer 43, which is disposed on at least a portion of the second surface 12, and is stacked with the first semi-transmissive reflective layer 40 in the thickness direction of the light guide layer 10, and the first reflective layer 43 is a semi-transmissive reflective material.

[0063] For example, the first reflective layer 43 is a semi-transmissive reflective material. The material of the first reflective layer 43 may be the same as that of the first semi-transmissive reflective layer 40 . The first semi-transmissive reflective layer 40 and the first reflective layer 43 may be manufactured in the same process, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the inventors have found through research that the prior art still has the problem of sunlight backflow. The problem of sunlight backflow (for example, sunlight is reflected to the imaging position or human eyes through the optical waveguide element of the head-up display device) will not only affect the display effect, but also cause the internal components of the HUD to age easily, thereby reducing the life of the HUD. The commonly used method at present is to use a light shield to shield the sunlight. The problems of the prior art are that the volume is too large, the driver's line of sight is blocked, and the image light is affected. Therefore, how to solve the problem of sunlight backflow to improve the imaging quality of the head-up display and the viewing quality of the human eye is also a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0065] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide element 100 further includes a plurality of protruding microstructures 20 and a plurality of first light shielding portions 31. The plurality of protruding microstructures 20 are disposed on a surface of the first semi-transmissive reflective layer 40 away from the light guide layer 10, the protruding microstructure 20 includes a first sub-surface 21 facing a first direction X, and a second sub-surface 22 facing a second direction Y, the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect, and the first direction X and the second direction Y are both directions in which the protruding microstructure 20 is away from the light guide layer 10; the plurality of first light shielding portions 31 are disposed on the first sub-surfaces 21 of the plurality of protruding microstructures 20, and the first sub-surfaces 21 of the protruding microstructures 20 are located on a side of the corresponding second sub-surface 22 close to the light incident portion 10R.

[0066] For example, the light guide layer 10 includes a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 that are opposite to each other, and the plurality of protruding microstructures 20 are disposed on a side of the first surface 11 away from the second surface 12 .

[0067] For example, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in the example, the first end surface 10d is a surface on which light is incident (light incident portion 10R). Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the display light XG1 may be incident from the first end surface 10 d , and then propagate in the light guide layer 10 . The display light XG1 may be emitted from the plurality of second sub-surfaces 22 and then imaged on the projection medium 301 .

[0068] For example, a plurality of protruding microstructures 20 are disposed on one side of the light guide layer 10, and the first sub-surface 21 and the second sub-surface 22 are surfaces of the protruding microstructures 20 facing different directions, for example Figure 4 The first sub-surface 21 faces the upper left (first direction X), for example Figure 4 The second sub-surface 22 faces upward and right (the second direction Y).

[0069] For example, the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect, for example, the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other.

[0070] For example, the first sub-surface 21 of the protruding microstructure 20 is located on a side of the corresponding second sub-surface 22 close to the light incident portion 10R, that is, the first sub-surface 21 and the light incident portion 10R are located on the same side of the corresponding second sub-surface 22 .

[0071] For example, Figure 4 and Figure 5 It is illustrated that, for a protruding microstructure 20 , its first sub-surface 21 is located between its second sub-surface 22 and the first end surface 10 d , or in other words, the first sub-surface 21 is located on the side of the corresponding second sub-surface 22 close to the first end surface 10 d .

[0072] For example, the light shielding layer 30 may be made of a black material to absorb light, thereby preventing the sunlight TG1 from entering the light guide layer 10 and also preventing it from being reflected to human eyes.

[0073] For example, the light shielding layer 30 may be made of black metal, black resin, or black ink, and the material of the light shielding layer 30 is not limited herein.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of first light shielding portions 31 are disposed on the first sub-surfaces 21 of the plurality of protruding microstructures 20, and the first sub-surfaces 21 of the protruding microstructures 20 are located on a side of the corresponding second sub-surface 22 close to the light incident portion 10R, such as Fig.10 As shown, the sunlight TG1 is absorbed by the multiple first shading portions 31 of the optical waveguide element 100, thereby preventing the sunlight TG1 from being reflected to the imaging position or the human eye (i.e., preventing the backflow of sunlight), which will not affect the display effect and prevents the internal components of the HUD from aging easily, thereby improving the life of the HUD.

[0075] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, the protruding microstructure 20 is a prism structure, and a plurality of prism structures are arranged in series.

[0076] For example, the prism structure may have a good first sub-surface 21 and a good second sub-surface 22 , the first light shielding portion 31 on the first sub-surface 21 absorbs the sunlight TG1 , and the second sub-surface 22 may emit the display light XG1 .

[0077] For example, Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the figure, the first semi-transmissive reflection layer 40 includes a plurality of first semi-transmissive reflection parts 41, the first semi-transmissive reflection parts 41 can reflect a portion of visible light, the first semi-transmissive reflection parts 41 can transmit a portion of visible light, the display light XG1 transmitted by the first semi-transmissive reflection parts 41 is directly imaged on the projection medium 301, and the display light XG1 reflected by the front first semi-transmissive reflection parts 41 can propagate to the rear first semi-transmissive reflection parts 41, and then transmit a portion of the visible light again to directly image on the projection medium 301.

[0078] For example, for example, Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the figure, from the direction close to the first end surface 10d to the direction away from the first end surface 10d, the multiple first semi-transmissive reflection parts 41 include a first sub-semi-transmissive reflection part 411, a second sub-semi-transmissive reflection part 412 and a third sub-semi-transmissive reflection part 413 in sequence, and the display light XG1 transmitted by the first sub-semi-transmissive reflection part 411 is directly imaged on the projection medium 301, and the display light XG1 reflected by the first sub-semi-transmissive reflection part 411 can propagate to the second sub-semi-transmissive reflection part 412 and the third sub-semi-transmissive reflection part 413 behind, and then directly imaged on the projection medium 301 after partially transmitting again.

[0079] In some embodiments, the first semi-transmissive reflection layer 40 includes a plurality of first semi-transmissive reflection portions 41, and the first semi-transmissive reflection portions 41 are arranged corresponding to the protruding microstructure 20. From close to the light incident portion 10R to far away from the light incident portion 10R, the transmittance of the plurality of first semi-transmissive reflection portions 41 gradually increases, and the reflectivity of the plurality of first semi-transmissive reflection portions 41 gradually decreases.

[0080] For example, the first semi-transmissive reflecting portions 41 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the protruding microstructures 20, and the multiple first semi-transmissive reflecting portions 41 are arranged in a direction in which one end of the light incident portion 10R set along the light guide layer 10 points to the other end of the light guide layer 10, and the transmittance of the multiple first semi-transmissive reflecting portions 41 gradually increases, and the reflectivity of the multiple first semi-transmissive reflecting portions 41 gradually decreases.

[0081] For example, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in the direction from close to the first end surface 10d (light incident portion 10R) to away from the first end surface 10d, the multiple first semi-transmissive reflection portions 41 sequentially include a first sub-semi-transmissive reflection portion 411, a second sub-semi-transmissive reflection portion 412 and a third sub-semi-transmissive reflection portion 413, and the transmittance of the first sub-semi-transmissive reflection portion 411, the second sub-semi-transmissive reflection portion 412 and the third sub-semi-transmissive reflection portion 413 gradually increases, and the reflectivity of the first sub-semi-transmissive reflection portion 411, the second sub-semi-transmissive reflection portion 412 and the third sub-semi-transmissive reflection portion 413 gradually decreases, so that the display light XG1 transmitted through the first sub-semi-transmissive reflection portion 411, the second sub-semi-transmissive reflection portion 412 and the third sub-semi-transmissive reflection portion 413 is as uniform in brightness (consistency) as possible, which can improve the image quality of the imaging.

[0082] For example, the material of the first semi-transmissive reflecting portion 41 may be formed by alternating high-refractive index materials and low-refractive index materials (the refractive index of the high-refractive index material is greater than the refractive index of the low-refractive index material), and the material of the first semi-transmissive reflecting portion 41 is not limited herein.

[0083] For example, the semi-transmissive reflection part (the first semi-transmissive reflection part 41, the second semi-transmissive reflection part 42, the third semi-transmissive reflection part 44, the incident light reflection layer 51f) or the semi-transmissive reflection material in the present application can be formed by alternating high-refractive index materials and low-refractive index materials (the refractive index of the high-refractive index material is greater than the refractive index of the low-refractive index material).

[0084] In some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the light incident portion 10R is the first end face 10d of the light guide layer 10, which is inclined relative to the first surface 11 and the second surface 12. The angle between the first end face 10d and the first surface 11 is an acute angle, and the angle between the first end face 10d and the second surface 12 is an obtuse angle.

[0085] For example, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the angle between the first end face 10d and the first surface 11 is a first angle α, which is an acute angle. The angle between the first end face 10d and the second surface 12 is a second angle β, which is an obtuse angle. The display light XG1 can be well transmitted in the optical waveguide element 100, so that the display light XG1 can be well emitted from the second sub-surface 22 of each protruding microstructure 20.

[0086] Optionally, in some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the plane where the first end surface 10d is located is perpendicular to the plane where the second surface 12 is located.

[0087] In some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first surface 11 includes a first portion 11a and a second portion 11b, a plurality of protruding microstructures 20 are disposed on the second portion 11b, and the first portion 11a is located between the second portion 11b and an edge of the first surface 11 close to the first end face 10d; the optical waveguide element 100 also includes a second shading portion 32, which is disposed on the first portion 11a.

[0088] For example, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a second shading portion 32 is provided at a portion (first portion 11a) of the first surface 11 corresponding to the first end face 10d, which can prevent the sunlight TG1 from entering the optical waveguide element 100 through the first portion 11a, or can prevent the sunlight TG1 from entering other components below the optical waveguide element 100 through the first portion 11a, thereby improving the life of the head-up display device.

[0089] In some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the optical waveguide element 100 further includes a second semi-transmissive reflective portion 42 , and the second semi-transmissive reflective portion 42 is disposed between the second light shielding portion 32 and the first surface 11 .

[0090] For example, Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the second semi-transmissive reflective portion 42 is disposed between the second light shielding portion 32 and the first surface 11, and can reflect the display light XG1, so that more display light XG1 propagates in the optical waveguide element 100, thereby improving the utilization rate of the display light XG1.

[0091] In some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the optical waveguide element 100 further includes a third light shielding portion 33 , and the third light shielding portion 33 is disposed on a surface of the first reflective layer 43 that is away from the second surface 12 .

[0092] For example, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the shading layer 30 further includes a third shading portion 33 , which is disposed on the second surface 12 and can absorb the display light XG1 below the optical waveguide element 100 to prevent the display light XG1 from entering the optical waveguide element 100 from an unnecessary position.

[0093] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the second surface 12 includes a third portion 121 located at one end of the second surface 12, and a fourth portion 122 located on one side of the third portion 121, the third portion 121 is a light incident portion 10R, and a plurality of protruding microstructures 20 are arranged corresponding to the fourth portion 122; the first light-shielding portion 31 on the first sub-surface 21 of the first protruding microstructure 20 close to the third portion 121 extends to the end face of the light-guiding layer 10 connected to the third portion 121.

[0094] For example, Figure 6 As shown, the third portion 121 is the surface of the incident light (light incident portion 10R), and the display light XG1 can be incident from the third portion 121. Then, the display light XG1 propagates in the light guide layer 10. The display light XG1 can be emitted from multiple second sub-surfaces 22 and then imaged on the projection medium 301.

[0095] For example, Figure 6 As shown, the first light-shielding portion 31 on the first sub-surface 21 of the first protruding microstructure 20 near the third portion 121 extends to the end face of the light-guiding layer 10 connected to the third portion 121, that is, the end face of the light-guiding layer 10 connected to the third portion 121 is covered by the first light-shielding portion 31, which can prevent external light from being incident from the end face of the light-guiding layer 10 connected to the third portion 121, thereby improving the presentation quality.

[0096] In some embodiments, Figure 7As shown, the second surface 12 includes a third portion 121 located at one end of the second surface 12, and a fourth portion 122 located at one side of the third portion 121, the third portion 121 is a light incident portion 10R, and a plurality of protruding microstructures 20 are arranged corresponding to the fourth portion 122; the end face of the light guide layer 10 connected to the third portion 121 includes a first sub-end portion 10d1 and a second sub-end portion 10d2, the first surface 11, the first sub-end portion 10d1, the second sub-end portion 10d2 and the second surface 12 are connected in sequence, the first sub-end portion 10d1 is arranged obtusely relative to the first surface 11, and the angle between the first sub-end portion 10d1 and the first surface 11 is an obtuse angle, and the orthographic projection of the first sub-end portion 10d1 on the second surface 12 at least partially overlaps with the third portion 121; the optical waveguide element 100 also includes a third semi-transmissive reflection portion 44, and the third semi-transmissive reflection portion 44 is arranged on the surface of the first sub-end portion 10d1.

[0097] For example, Figure 7 As shown, the third portion 121 is the surface of the incident light (the light incident portion 10R), and the display light XG1 can be incident from the third portion 121. After the display light XG1 is reflected by the third semi-transparent reflection portion 44, the display light XG1 then propagates in the light guide layer 10. The display light XG1 can be emitted from the multiple second sub-surfaces 22 to form an image on the projection medium 301.

[0098] For example, the third semi-transmissive reflective portion 44 is disposed on the surface of the first sub-end portion, and the third semi-transmissive reflective portion 44 can reflect the display light XG1 incident from the third portion 121 and then propagate in the light guide layer 10 .

[0099] By way of example, the optical waveguide element may further include a fourth light shielding portion, the third semi-transmissive reflective portion 44 is located between the fourth light shielding portion and the surface of the first sub-end portion, and the fourth light shielding portion may block external light from entering the light guide layer 10 .

[0100] In some embodiments, Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the second surface 12 includes a third portion 121 located at one end of the second surface 12, and a fourth portion 122 located at one side of the third portion 121, the third portion 121 is a light incident portion 10R, and a plurality of protruding microstructures 20 are arranged corresponding to the fourth portion 122; the optical waveguide element 100 also includes an incident light reflecting portion 51, the incident light reflecting portion 51 is connected to the third portion 121, the incident light reflecting portion 51 includes an incident light reflecting surface 511, and the angle between the incident light reflecting surface 511 and the end of the third portion 121 away from the fourth portion 122 is an acute angle.

[0101] For example, Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown, the angle between the incident light reflecting surface 511 and the end of the third portion 121 away from the fourth portion 122 is a third angle θ, and the third angle θ is an acute angle. Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The display light XG1 (on the right side in the middle) can enter the light guide layer 10 after being reflected by the incident light reflecting surface 511.

[0102] For example, the incident light reflecting surface 511 may be provided with an incident light reflecting layer 51 f to reflect the display light XG1 into the light guiding layer 10 , and the material of the incident light reflecting layer 51 f may be a reflective material or a semi-transmissive reflective material.

[0103] For example, an incident light shielding layer 51B may be provided on a surface of the incident light reflecting layer 51 f away from the incident light reflecting surface 511 to prevent the display light XG1 from entering the interior of the head-up display device from the reflecting surface 511 .

[0104] Optionally, the incident light reflecting portion 51 and the light guiding layer 10 may be an integrally formed structure. Fig.10 A transmission relationship of the display light XG1 in the head-up display device is also shown. Fig.10 The figure also illustrates an absorption effect of sunlight in a head-up display device.

[0105] Second, see Fig.10 The present application provides a head-up display device 200, which includes the optical waveguide element 100 of any one of the above items, and a display panel 80, wherein a display light XG1 emitted by the display panel 80 enters a light incident portion 10R, and the display light XG1 is emitted from a first surface 11 of the optical waveguide element 100 to a projection medium 301 for imaging.

[0106] For example, Fig.10 As shown, the sunlight TG1 is absorbed by the multiple first shading portions 31 of the optical waveguide element 100, thereby preventing the sunlight TG1 from being reflected to the imaging position or the human eye (i.e., preventing the backflow of sunlight), which will not affect the display effect and prevent the internal components of the HUD from aging easily, thereby improving the life of the HUD.

[0107] For example, Fig.10 As shown, the display panel 80 emits a display light XG1 , which may be incident from the light incident portion 10R, and then propagate in the light guide layer 10 , and may be emitted from the plurality of second sub-surfaces 22 to form an image on the projection medium 301 .

[0108] For example, Fig.10As shown, the display panel 80 emits a display light XG1, which is reflected by the reflector 90 and then incident from the light incident portion 10R. The display light XG1 then propagates in the light guide layer 10 and can be imaged on the projection medium 301 after being emitted from multiple second sub-surfaces 22.

[0109] Third, see Fig.10 The present application provides a vehicle 300 , which includes a windshield and the above-mentioned head-up display device 200 , and the windshield is a projection medium 301 .

[0110] For example, the head-up display device 200 uses the principle of optical reflection to project important driving-related information (such as driving speed, battery voltage, water tank temperature, engine speed, fuel consumption, navigation route, etc.) onto the projection medium 301, and evenly reflects it into the driver's eyes, thereby assisting the driver in driving the vehicle 300 and avoiding the driver's distraction by looking down at the dashboard during driving, thereby improving driving safety and providing a better driving experience.

[0111] For example, the vehicle 300 provided in the embodiment of the present application, by setting the head-up display device 200 of any of the above-mentioned embodiments, is helpful in preventing the sunlight TG1 from flowing back into the interior of the vehicle 300, and can more effectively slow down the aging of the internal components of the vehicle 300, thereby helping to extend the life of the vehicle 300, thereby helping to improve the driving effect of the vehicle 300.

[0112] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0113] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An optical waveguide component, characterized in that: include: The light guide layer comprises a first surface and a second surface which are arranged opposite to each other, wherein the first surface is a light emitting surface of the light guide layer; A first semi-transmissive reflective layer, disposed on the first surface of the light guide layer; The light guiding layer includes a light incident portion located at one end, and the light incident portion is at least partially located between a plane where the first surface is located and a plane where the second surface is located.

2. The optical waveguide element according to claim 1, wherein Also includes: A first reflective layer is disposed on at least a portion of the second surface, the first reflective layer is stacked with the first semi-transmissive reflective layer in the thickness direction of the light guide layer, and the first reflective layer is a reflective material; or The first reflective layer is disposed on at least a portion of the second surface. The first reflective layer is stacked with the first semi-transmissive reflective layer in the thickness direction of the light guide layer. The first reflective layer is a semi-transmissive reflective material.

3. The optical waveguide element according to claim 1, wherein: Also includes: A plurality of protruding microstructures are arranged on a surface of the first semi-transmissive reflective layer away from the light guide layer, the protruding microstructure includes a first sub-surface facing a first direction, and a second sub-surface facing a second direction, the first direction and the second direction intersect, and the first direction and the second direction are both directions in which the protruding microstructure is away from the light guide layer; A plurality of first light shielding portions are disposed on a plurality of first sub-surfaces of the protruding microstructures, and the first sub-surfaces of the protruding microstructures are located on a side of the corresponding second sub-surface close to the light incident portion.

4. The optical waveguide element according to claim 3, wherein: The protruding microstructure is a prism structure, and a plurality of the prism structures are sequentially connected and arranged.

5. The optical waveguide element according to claim 3, wherein: The first semi-transmissive reflection layer includes a plurality of first semi-transmissive reflection parts, which are arranged corresponding to the protruding microstructures. From close to the light incident part to far away from the light incident part, the transmittance of the plurality of first semi-transmissive reflection parts gradually increases, and the reflectivity of the plurality of first semi-transmissive reflection parts gradually decreases.

6. The optical waveguide element according to claim 3, wherein: The light incident portion is the first end face of the light guide layer, the first end face is inclined relative to the first surface and the second surface, the angle between the first end face and the first surface is an acute angle, and the angle between the first end face and the second surface is an obtuse angle.

7. The optical waveguide element according to claim 6, wherein: The first surface includes a first portion and a second portion, the plurality of protruding microstructures are arranged at the second portion, and the first portion is located between the second portion and an edge of the first surface close to the first end surface; The optical waveguide element further includes a second light shielding portion provided at the first portion.

8. The optical waveguide element according to claim 7, wherein: It also includes a second semi-transmissive reflecting portion, which is arranged between the second light shielding portion and the first surface.

9. The optical waveguide element according to claim 2, wherein: It also includes a third light shielding portion, which is disposed on a side surface of the first reflective layer away from the second surface.

10. The optical waveguide element according to claim 3, wherein The second surface includes a third portion located at one end of the second surface, and a fourth portion located on one side of the third portion, the third portion is the light incident portion, and the plurality of protruding microstructures are arranged corresponding to the fourth portion; The first light-shielding portion on the first sub-surface of the first protruding microstructure close to the third portion extends to the end surface of the light-guiding layer connected to the third portion.

11. The optical waveguide element according to claim 3, wherein The second surface includes a third portion located at one end of the second surface, and a fourth portion located on one side of the third portion, the third portion is the light incident portion, and the plurality of protruding microstructures are arranged corresponding to the fourth portion; The end face of the light guide layer connected to the third portion includes a first sub-end and a second sub-end, the first surface, the first sub-end, the second sub-end and the second surface are connected in sequence, the first sub-end is inclined relative to the first surface, the angle between the first sub-end and the first surface is an obtuse angle, and the orthographic projection of the first sub-end on the second surface at least partially overlaps with the third portion; The optical waveguide element further includes a third semi-transmissive reflecting portion, and the third semi-transmissive reflecting portion is disposed on a surface of the first sub-end portion.

12. The optical waveguide element according to claim 3, wherein: The second surface includes a third portion located at one end of the second surface, and a fourth portion located on one side of the third portion, the third portion is the light incident portion, and the plurality of protruding microstructures are arranged corresponding to the fourth portion; The optical waveguide element further includes an incident light reflecting portion connected to the third portion, the incident light reflecting portion includes an incident light reflecting surface, and an angle between the incident light reflecting surface and an end of the third portion away from the fourth portion is acute.

13. A head-up display device, characterized in that: The optical waveguide element comprises the optical waveguide element as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, and a display panel, wherein display light emitted by the display panel is incident on the light incident portion, and the display light is emitted from the first surface of the light guide layer of the optical waveguide element to a projection medium to form an image.

14. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a windshield, and the head-up display device as claimed in claim 13, wherein the windshield is the projection medium.

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