Airport power supply and distribution network management and control system and method based on four-layer architecture and three-level management and control

Abstract

The invention discloses an airport power supply and distribution network management and control system and method based on a four-layer architecture and three-level management and control, and belongs to the technical field of power supply and distribution networks and information security. The specific system comprises a four-layer architecture and three-level management and control, the four-layer architecture comprises a whole-field scheduling layer, a regional centralized control layer, a power station monitoring layer and an end equipment layer, and the three-level management and control comprises a scheduling center level, a centralized control center level and an operation and maintenance operation station level. According to the power supply and distribution network management and control system, software and hardware of a four-layer architecture and a network are integrated, and a management and control mode suitable for a civil airport power supply and distribution network is subjected to function adjustment, mechanism setting, personnel allocation and scheduling operation process optimization of three-level management and control; a centralized monitoring and unified regulation and control operation and maintenance mode covering transverse professional fusion and longitudinal management of the whole airport power supply and distribution power supply, network and load is realized, the intelligent operation and maintenance management level of the airport power supply and distribution network is improved, and guidance is provided for planning design, engineering implementation and operation management of the intelligent management and control system of the airport power supply and distribution network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of power supply and distribution network and information security technology, and specifically relates to an airport power supply and distribution network control system and method based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the civil aviation airport industry, the real-time monitoring and operation and maintenance of the power supply and distribution network of the entire airport have put forward professional, timely, accurate, efficient and intelligent technical management requirements. Since the production, transmission and consumption of electric energy are almost completed at the same time, that is, the power supply and power consumption must always maintain a dynamic balance, this requires that the design of the airport power supply and distribution network intelligent management and control system should meet the needs of integrated operation and control of the entire power grid.

[0003] Prior art document 1 (CN115102953B) discloses a distribution network cloud-edge collaborative management and control system and method. Its shortcomings are that it adopts a three-layer architecture of central cloud, aggregated collaborative device, and autonomous control terminal, lacks more detailed hierarchical management and local optimization capabilities, is not suitable for complex large-scale airport scenarios, and cannot control specific equipment in airport scenarios.

[0004] Prior art document 2 (CN111400139B) discloses a control and scheduling system, method and storage medium for batch operations in multiple data centers. Its shortcomings are that there is no dedicated terminal device layer, the level of hierarchy is not detailed enough, and it mainly focuses on the scheduling and management of operation tasks, with less operation and support for specific tasks, which is not suitable for the control of specific equipment operations in airport scenarios. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an airport power supply and distribution network control system and method based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control. From the system architecture, control mode, and top-level planning and design, a hierarchical and distributed secondary overall design scheme for the airport power supply and distribution network is proposed, and data interaction and dispatching control management authority are fully covered to realize multi-level operation monitoring and control, management and maintenance, increase the proportion of remote operation and operation efficiency of power equipment, and reduce the workload of operation and maintenance personnel.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides an airport power supply and distribution network control system based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control, comprising a four-layer architecture and three-level control, including:

[0008] The four-layer architecture includes the whole-field dispatching layer, regional centralized control layer, power station monitoring layer and terminal equipment layer. The three-layer management and control includes the dispatching center level, centralized control center level and operation and maintenance operation station level.

[0009] The whole-field dispatching layer is connected to the regional centralized control layer, receives information sent from the regional centralized control layer, and controls the equipment under the regional centralized control layer by sending dispatching instructions to the regional centralized control layer;

[0010] The regional centralized control layer is connected to the power station monitoring layer, and controls the power station secondary equipment under the corresponding power station monitoring layer by sending control instructions to the power station monitoring layer;

[0011] The power station monitoring layer is connected to the terminal equipment layer to directly control the secondary equipment of the power station;

[0012] The dispatch center level corresponds to the whole-field dispatch layer and is connected to the centralized control center level. It is used to issue dispatch orders to the centralized control center according to its own dispatch scope, power grid operation status and dispatch plan, so as to realize system dispatch, dispatch command and remote operation of equipment.

[0013] The centralized control center level corresponds to the regional centralized control layer and is connected to the operation and maintenance station level. It is used to perform functional management and remotely operate the equipment within the monitoring range according to the superior dispatch order, and send instructions to the operation and maintenance station within the jurisdiction to remotely operate the power stations within the jurisdiction;

[0014] The operation and maintenance station level corresponds to the power plant monitoring layer and the terminal equipment layer, and is used to perform on-site operations on power plant equipment within its jurisdiction based on the instructions sent by the superior centralized control center.

[0015] Preferably, the whole-field dispatching layer, including the whole-field power dispatching automation system, connects the networks of various areas of the regional centralized control layer through the network of the whole-field dispatching layer, integrates all power data in the airport, and is used for remote centralized monitoring, dispatching and management of the whole-field power grid.

[0016] Preferably, the field-wide power dispatching automation system of the field-wide dispatching layer includes an intelligent dispatching support platform, dispatching system hardware and dispatching system software. The dispatching system hardware includes a workstation and a server. Operation instructions are initiated through the human-computer interaction interface in the dispatching system software corresponding to the workstation. After the operation instructions are encoded by the dispatching system software on the intelligent dispatching support platform, they are sent to the regional control layer through the communication transmission network by the server's data communication interface to perform corresponding operations for comprehensive monitoring, dispatching and operation management of the field's power supply and distribution network.

[0017] Preferably, the areas in the regional centralized control layer include terminal areas, flight areas and work areas, and a power centralized control system is built according to the regions. The power centralized control system is the superior operation and maintenance management organization of each power station under the corresponding region, and is connected to the power stations within the jurisdiction of the corresponding region through a dedicated network for remote centralized monitoring.

[0018] Preferably, the power centralized control system of the regional centralized control layer includes an intelligent centralized control layer support platform, centralized control system software, and centralized control system hardware. The centralized control system hardware includes a workstation and a server. Operation instructions are initiated through the human-computer interaction interface in the centralized control system software corresponding to the workstation. After the operation instructions are encoded by the intelligent centralized control layer support platform and processed by the centralized control system software, they are sent to the power station monitoring layer through the communication transmission network by the data communication interface of the server to perform corresponding operations, so as to centrally monitor the power stations in the regional centralized control layer.

[0019] Preferably, the power station monitoring layer is a power station automation system for the power station, which automatically controls and digitizes the secondary equipment at the terminal equipment layer and performs network communication for monitoring, protection, measurement, operation management and information remote transmission;

[0020] The power station automation system of the power station monitoring layer includes an intelligent power station support platform, power station system software, and power station system hardware. The power station system hardware includes workstations, servers, and communication gateways. Operation instructions are initiated through the human-computer interaction interface in the power station system software corresponding to the workstation. After the operation instructions are encoded by the power station system software on the intelligent power station support platform, they are sent to the secondary equipment at the terminal equipment layer through the data communication interface of the server via the station control layer network or the communication gateway after processing via the field bus to perform corresponding operations for centralized monitoring of power stations in the area.

[0021] Preferably, the terminal equipment layer normally monitors the electrical analog quantities and switch quantity status of the primary electrical equipment of the power grid, automatically controls and handles power grid faults and abnormal conditions, uploads real-time operation data and protection information to the power station automation system of the upper-level power station monitoring layer, and receives remote control operation instructions. The primary electrical equipment is monitored, measured, controlled and protected by setting up secondary equipment at the terminal equipment layer. The secondary equipment at the terminal equipment layer includes secondary comprehensive protection, automatic devices, measuring equipment and IED equipment.

[0022] Preferably, the control center level includes the work area control center, the terminal area control center and the airfield control center, which are used for remote centralized monitoring of the 10kV and 400V voltage level equipment in the corresponding control center areas, receiving and executing dispatch center level operation tasks, and being responsible for equipment operation and maintenance management, data recording, personnel training and team management according to the requirements of the dispatch center level.

[0023] Preferably, one or more operation and maintenance operation stations are set up according to the operation and maintenance operation radius to be used for inspection and operation and maintenance of power station equipment within the jurisdiction, including on-site operation, daily equipment inspection, fault repair and fault elimination.

[0024] The second aspect of the present invention proposes an airport power supply and distribution network control method based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control, which runs on the airport power supply and distribution network control system based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control described in the first aspect, including:

[0025] The dispatch center level corresponds to the whole-field dispatch level. It issues dispatch orders to the centralized control center level according to its own dispatch scope, grid operation status and dispatch plan, and instructions from the regional grid dispatch department.

[0026] The centralized control center level corresponds to the regional centralized control layer. It remotely controls the equipment within the monitoring range according to the dispatching orders issued by the dispatching center, and issues local operation instructions to the operation and maintenance operation station level.

[0027] The operation and maintenance station level corresponds to the power station monitoring layer and the terminal equipment layer, accepts the local operation instructions issued and performs local operations on the equipment under the corresponding power station;

[0028] The equipment uploads real-time operation data of on-site operations to realize the management and control of the airport power supply and distribution network based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The present invention provides an airport power supply and distribution network control system and method based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control, which is used to solve the construction and operation pain points of the airport power supply and distribution network, such as observability, measurability, controllability, and difficulty in unifying secondary standardization and integration. Through horizontal professional integration and vertical management penetration, it effectively supports the airport power supply and distribution network to achieve observable, measurable, and controllable comprehensive perception of the system operation status, realizes centralized monitoring and unified dispatching management of the source, network, and load of airport power, improves the intelligent operation and maintenance management level of the airport power supply and distribution network, provides guidance for the planning, design, and engineering implementation of the airport power supply and distribution network smart control system, fully covers data interaction and dispatching control management authority, realizes multi-level operation monitoring and control, management and maintenance, increases the proportion of remote operation of power equipment and operation efficiency, and reduces the workload of operation and maintenance personnel;

[0031] The data processing and control granularity of the present invention is refined to the specific power supply and distribution equipment operation, maintenance and management level, which can realize precise control of terminal equipment. It adopts a four-layer architecture and three-level management and control, and divides the responsibilities of different levels more finely. The system can better adapt to the refined management needs in large-scale and complex environments. The power supply and distribution network design for the specific scenario of airports has stronger professionalism and pertinence. Since it involves the stable operation of the airport power system, the system has higher real-time and reliability requirements, and is suitable for highly complex and high-reliability environments. It has more advantages in large-scale data processing and rapid response. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1This is a network structure diagram of an airport power supply and distribution network control system and method based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the association of the scheduling system hardware provided in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described in this application are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the spirit of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, Example 1 of the present invention provides an intelligent management and control system for an airport power supply and distribution network based on a four-layer architecture and three-level management and control, which comprises an organic whole composed of relevant software systems and hardware equipment of the whole-field dispatching layer, regional centralized control layer, power station monitoring layer and terminal equipment layer; the three-level management and control means that the airport power supply and distribution network has full coverage of data interaction and dispatching control management authority at three levels: dispatching center level, centralized control center level and operation and maintenance operation station level, realizes multi-level operation monitoring and control, management and maintenance, improves the proportion of remote operation of power equipment and the operation efficiency, and reduces the workload of operation and maintenance personnel.

[0036] Each layer is composed of hardware equipment and supporting software. Standard communication interfaces and protocols are used between each layer to upload measurement data and send control signals. The whole-field dispatching layer is the dispatching operation control management center of the whole-field power supply and distribution network. It can also be called the whole-field dispatching center. The whole-field dispatching layer is connected to the regional centralized control layer, receiving telemetry, telesignaling, security, metering, auxiliary control and other information sent by the regional centralized control layer, and controlling the controllable equipment under the regional centralized control layer (including regional equipment, power stations under the region, and terminal equipment under the power station) by sending dispatching instructions to the regional centralized control layer; the whole-field dispatching layer builds a comprehensive power dispatching management system for the whole-field, connects the networks of various regions of the regional centralized control layer through the network of the whole-field dispatching layer, integrates all power data in the airport, and remotely monitors, dispatches and manages the whole-field power grid. It is responsible for the monitoring and dispatching operation management of the whole-field power supply and distribution network, collects and stores the real-time operation data of all power stations in the whole field, and realizes the comprehensive monitoring, dispatching and operation management of the whole-field power supply and distribution network.

[0037] The management scope of the whole-field dispatching layer includes all aspects of the airport power supply and distribution network, including source, network and load. The main control objects include central substation, regional switch stations, substations, distribution rooms, box-type transformers, distributed power sources, etc.; specific control equipment includes 400V, 10kV and above lines, transformers, busbars, circuit breakers, switches (trolleys), diesel generators, terminal distributed power sources, energy storage devices, charging piles and other primary electrical equipment and corresponding relay protection, automatic devices, measuring instruments and other secondary electrical equipment.

[0038] Table 1 Composition and functions of the four-layer architecture

[0039]

[0040]

[0041] The integrated power dispatching management system of the whole-field dispatching layer includes an intelligent dispatching support platform, dispatching system hardware and dispatching system software. The dispatching system hardware includes workstations and servers. Operation instructions are initiated through the human-computer interaction interface in the dispatching system software corresponding to the workstation. After the operation instructions are encoded by the dispatching system software on the intelligent dispatching support platform, they are sent to the regional centralized control layer through the communication transmission network by the server's data communication interface to execute corresponding operations for comprehensive monitoring, dispatching and operation management of the whole-field power supply and distribution network.

[0042] As shown in Table 1, the intelligent dispatching support platform, dispatching system hardware and dispatching system software are deployed in the power dispatching center of the whole-field dispatching layer. The dispatching system hardware of the whole-field dispatching layer mainly includes servers, workstations, switches, storage devices, network security equipment (firewalls, forward / reverse isolation devices, vertical encryption devices, etc.), clock devices, printers, KVM equipment, UPS power supplies, cabinets and other auxiliary facilities. The hardware such as servers, workstations and storage devices that undertake the main functions adopt redundant configuration, and the network should be dually configured or have redundant functions.

[0043] The dispatching system hardware equipment uses current standard and general equipment, which has the characteristics of advanced reliability, complete functions, stable performance, and easy maintenance. Priority is given to safe, independent and controllable products. Among them, the servers, workstations and their backbones, acquisition networks and other hardware equipment that perform the main functions at the overall dispatching layer and regional centralized control layer adopt dual configurations or have redundant functions.

[0044] The relationship between the scheduling system hardware is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the dispatching layer of the entire field is divided into a control area (safety zone I and safety zone II) and a management area (safety zone III); safety zones I and II are connected by a firewall to achieve network logical isolation; safety zones I and III are positively isolated by a horizontal unidirectional safety isolation device to connect and exchange data to achieve network physical isolation.

[0045] Safety Zone I includes a dispatching backbone network and a front-end data acquisition network. The dispatching backbone network of Zone I consists of a redundant network consisting of 2 backbone switches, which are connected to 2 SCADA monitoring servers, 2 front-end servers, 2 historical data servers (with matching disk arrays), 2 application servers, 2 operator workstations, 2 dispatcher workstations, 1 maintenance and reporting workstation, and 1 clock device (satellite time synchronization); the front-end data acquisition network of Zone I communicates with the safety control area communication gateway (telecontrol device) of the central substation or the front-end server of the regional centralized control station through an independent forwarding network interface, accesses the real-time operation information data of Zone I of the entire power supply and distribution network, and realizes remote control of electrical equipment.

[0046] The safety zone II includes a dispatching backbone network and a front-end data acquisition network. The dispatching backbone network of zone II consists of a redundant network consisting of 2 backbone switches, which are connected to 2 front-end servers, 2 security servers, 1 DTS server, 1 metering server, 2 DTS workstations, 1 security workstation, and 1 metering workstation; the front-end data acquisition network of zone II is connected and communicated with the protection information management devices (security substations) and electric energy collection terminals in the non-control areas of each substation in the field, and is connected to the protection and fault information and electric energy metering data of zone II of the power supply and distribution network of the entire field.

[0047] The security zone III consists of a dispatching backbone network and an external network: the dispatching backbone network of zone III consists of a redundant network of 2 backbone switches, which is connected to 1 WEB server, 1 dispatching management server, 1 WEB workstation, and 1 dispatching management workstation to realize the WEB information processing service of power grid monitoring data and the dispatching management function; the external network of zone III consists of 1 external network switch, which is connected to the WEB server and the dispatching management server, and provides the external network (airport office network) with the WEB publishing access function of power grid monitoring data and the external access and business processing functions of dispatching management through the external network horizontal firewall.

[0048] The dispatching system software is deployed in the power dispatching center of the whole-field dispatching layer. The software includes basic support platform, human-computer interaction interface, SCADA subsystem, electric energy metering TMR subsystem, protection and fault information management subsystem, advanced application PAS subsystem, dispatcher training simulation DTS subsystem, dispatching management OMS subsystem, WEB information publishing subsystem, etc. It has the characteristics of distributed, high performance, scalability, visualization, ease of use, and security.

[0049] The overall dispatching software system includes a secure operating system, database and application software.

[0050] The system software uses a safe, autonomous and controllable operating system and commercial database, and adopts automated application software based on the IEC61970 / 61968 CIM model and IEC60870 standard, secure and trusted computing technology that meets the requirements of power security specifications, and load-balancing large-capacity dynamic protocol plug-ins and panoramic modeling technology.

[0051] The basic support platform is the basic information integration environment of the power dispatching software. It is the digital base for the operation of various software modules and application functions. It manages real-time databases, relational databases, and time series databases, and provides data services, file services, data synchronization, data service bus, clock synchronization, platform maintenance, system resource management and other functions.

[0052] The human-computer interaction interface includes alarm tools, graphic tools, curve tools, report tools, user authority management and other tools, providing a graphical, intelligent and visual monitoring interface, combined with dynamic display, pop-up alarms, sound alarms, voice broadcasts and other friendly human-computer interaction forms, which facilitates operation and maintenance personnel to obtain real-time operation data in a timely manner, fully grasp the operation status of the power grid, and promptly formulate and issue dispatch operation instructions, thereby reducing the monitoring pressure on operation personnel.

[0053] The SCADA subsystem includes functions such as data acquisition, data processing, control and regulation, data calculation and statistics, event recording and alarm, and topology coloring. It is the core module of the dispatching and centralized control software platform. It collects, processes, and stores real-time data sent by each substation and distributes it to each application module through the data bus to complete the corresponding functions.

[0054] The electric energy metering TMR subsystem includes software modules such as data acquisition, data storage, data statistical analysis, electric energy balance management, and data visualization display. It completes the collection, storage, and statistical calculation of electric energy data by communicating with the electric energy acquisition terminal and the electric energy meter, realizes the functions of electric energy assessment and billing, supports graphic operations, data query, and curve and report production, and provides data communication interface and interaction with other information systems.

[0055] The protection and fault information management subsystem includes modules such as data collection of security substations, data storage, device inspection, power grid fault analysis, and protection remote control operations. The system implements security data collection and operation monitoring, graphical interface and modeling, event alarm, comprehensive fault judgment, protection setting call and verification, remote control, statistical analysis, information archiving, etc.

[0056] The advanced application PAS subsystem includes modules such as network modeling, state estimation, power flow calculation, load forecasting, and intelligent alarm. The system analyzes the operation status of the power grid by using panoramic data such as real-time measurement and signal status of the power grid, providing decision-making basis for dispatchers and improving the economy and safety of power grid operation.

[0057] The dispatcher training simulation DTS subsystem includes a control center simulation module, a power grid simulation module, and an instructor control module. The system can simulate the normal state, emergency state, fault state, and accident recovery process of the power system through the power grid simulation module. The control center simulation module simulates the actual dispatch center, providing trainees with a dispatch environment that is exactly the same as the actual dispatch center. Trainees receive training on normal operation, accident handling, and system recovery through the instructor control module, which can provide dispatchers with a comprehensive power system simulation tool for training, assessment, and anti-accident exercises, thereby improving the professional level and work skills of power grid dispatchers and managers.

[0058] The dispatch management OMS subsystem includes software modules such as operation ticket and work ticket management, dispatch operation log management, duty management, and maintenance plan management. The subsystem supports fully intelligent graphic invoicing and text manual invoicing with integrated anti-error verification, and closely connects the management workflow with the real-time system to realize the process, automation, and informatization of the dispatch center management.

[0059] The WEB information publishing subsystem includes modules such as system maintenance, data synchronization, and WEB access services. The system is set up in the safety zone III and uses the forward isolation device to mirror, update, and synchronize data with the zone I, providing the client with B / S mode to view the power system screen, data monitoring, alarm events, curve browsing, report query, and other functions.

[0060] The transmission network structure shall be based on the premise of complying with national and industry standards and meeting the requirements of information security, dedicated network, hierarchical and layered distribution, and comprehensively select star, ring, tree or multi-type combination architectures according to the geographical distribution of each site, the physical routing of cables between nodes, etc. For example, the dual-star optical fiber Ethernet networking architecture is preferred between the whole-field dispatching layer and the regional centralized control layer and the central substation, and the dual-ring optical fiber Ethernet is preferred between the flight area centralized control layer and its subordinate power stations. The transmission network bandwidth meets the requirements of data information transmission, and the communication protocol adopts the universal standard protocol.

[0061] The front-end data collection of the whole-field dispatching layer and regional centralized control layer system supports multiple channels and multiple data sources, and sets priorities to select data sources and duty channels, and has channel and data alarm functions.

[0062] The regional centralized control layer is the centralized monitoring center of the power grids in the terminal area (including GTC), flight area, work area, etc. The areas in the regional centralized control layer include the terminal area, flight area and work area. The power centralized control system is built according to the area. The power centralized control system is the superior operation and maintenance management organization of each power station in the corresponding area. It connects to the power stations within the jurisdiction of the corresponding area through a dedicated network for remote centralized monitoring. It is connected to the power station monitoring layer of each area, and controls the secondary equipment of the power station under the corresponding power station monitoring layer by sending control instructions to the power station monitoring layer; it is used for remote equipment operation and equipment monitoring, responsible for monitoring the power grid in this area, accepting the operation instructions of the full-field dispatching center to operate electrical equipment, on-site inspections and operation and maintenance management, etc.

[0063] The monitoring scope of the regional centralized control layer is all aspects of the power supply and distribution network, including source, network and load. The main control objects include the switch stations, substations, distribution rooms, box-type transformers and distributed power sources in the area under its jurisdiction.

[0064] The power centralized control center of the regional centralized control layer deploys the centralized control support platform, system software and system hardware. The power centralized control system of the regional centralized control layer includes the intelligent centralized control layer support platform, centralized control system software and centralized control system hardware. The centralized control system hardware includes workstations and servers. Operation instructions are initiated through the human-computer interaction interface in the centralized control system software corresponding to the workstation. After the operation instructions are coded by the intelligent centralized control layer support platform and processed by the centralized control system software, they are sent to the power station monitoring layer through the communication transmission network by the data communication interface of the server to perform corresponding operations, which are used for centralized monitoring of the power stations in the regional centralized control layer.

[0065] The regional centralized control layer deploys the power centralized control system software. According to the number and scale of power stations in each region, in order to ensure system performance indicators such as reliability, load rate and SCADA real-time, the applicable scenarios are planned according to the access capacity (with access power stations and data measurement points as measurement indicators), and basic applications such as data collection and monitoring SCADA, low-voltage equipment monitoring, and intelligent alarm are deployed based on the integrated basic support platform.

[0066] Deploy substation integrated automation system software and hardware in 110kV or 66kV central substations and 10kV power stations to complete communication collection, SCADA monitoring, remote transmission of data within the station and receive remote control and adjustment instructions from the upper system.

[0067] The regional centralized control layer network sets up security zones I and II.

[0068] Safety Zone I consists of a centralized control backbone network and a front-end data acquisition network: the centralized control backbone network of Zone I consists of a redundant network of 2 backbone switches, connected to 2 SCADA servers, 2 front-end servers, 2 operator workstations, 1 maintenance workstation, and 1 clock device; the front-end data acquisition network of Zone I communicates with the communication gateways of the safety control zones of each power station in the area, accesses the real-time operation information data of Zone I of the power grid in the region and realizes remote control of electrical equipment; the front-end server of Zone I needs to synchronously send the real-time operation data of the power grid in the region to the front-end data acquisition network of the entire dispatching layer.

[0069] A front-end data acquisition network is set up in the safety zone II. The front-end data acquisition network of zone II is connected and communicated with the protection information management devices and electric energy acquisition terminals of each power station in the area, and is cascaded to the front-end data acquisition network of zone II at the dispatching layer of the entire field.

[0070] The regional centralized control layer complies with the basic requirements of the overall dispatching layer software. The software functions refer to the configuration of the basic support platform, human-machine interface, and SCADA subsystem to meet the monitoring requirements of the centralized control layer.

[0071] The front-end data acquisition network of the regional centralized control layer should adopt a fiber optic dual-ring network or a fiber optic dual-star network to ensure the reliability, availability and redundancy of the data acquisition network while ensuring the economy of project construction.

[0072] The power station monitoring layer is connected to the terminal equipment layer, and directly controls the secondary equipment of the power station. It is the on-site monitoring center of the substation (including central transformer, switch station, distribution room, box transformer, etc.), and directly controls the secondary equipment of the power station. The power station monitoring layer collects real-time operation data of the power station and forwards it to the superior dispatching and centralized control layer to realize station monitoring and operation maintenance. It is responsible for station equipment monitoring, on-site operation, receiving and processing dispatching instructions, on-site equipment inspection, equipment maintenance and other operation management functions.

[0073] The power station monitoring layer builds a power station automation system for the power station, automatically controls and digitizes the secondary equipment at the terminal equipment layer, and performs network communication for monitoring, protection, measurement, operation management, and remote information transmission. The main hardware equipment of the power station monitoring layer adopts dual-machine dual-network or single-machine single-network configuration according to actual needs.

[0074] The power station automation system of the power station monitoring layer includes an intelligent power station support platform, power station system software, and power station system hardware. The power station system hardware includes workstations, servers, and communication gateways. Operation instructions are initiated through the human-computer interaction interface in the power station system software corresponding to the workstation. After the operation instructions are encoded by the power station system software on the intelligent power station support platform, they are sent to the secondary equipment at the terminal equipment layer through the data communication interface of the server via the station control layer network or the communication gateway after processing via the field bus to perform corresponding operations, which are used to monitor the secondary equipment at the terminal equipment layer of the power station.

[0075] The power station monitoring layer is integrated with the whole-field dispatching layer, and the 110kV central substation is less-manned and the 10kV power station is unmanned. A layered, distributed, open network system is used to connect the various devices. When the station control layer equipment and network fail, the normal operation of the interval layer equipment will not be affected.

[0076] 110kV or 66kV central substations and 10kV power stations are built as unattended. Among them, 110kV or 66kV central substations need to deploy substation monitoring background, 10kV switch stations and main distribution rooms can choose whether to configure the power station monitoring background according to load importance and management requirements, and 10kV distribution rooms and box-type transformers are not equipped with power station monitoring background. Power stations that are not equipped with local power monitoring background should have the data communication, collection, and remote transmission functions of the power automation system.

[0077] Deploy substation integrated automation system software and hardware equipment in 110kV or 66kV central substations and 10kV power stations to complete communication collection, SCADA monitoring, remote transmission of data within the station and receive remote control and adjustment instructions from the upper system.

[0078] The data flow of the airport power grid automation communication network is collected and interactively summarized according to "equipment->power station->centralized control->dispatching", that is, the medium and low voltage relay protection, measurement and control, multi-function instruments and other IED intelligent devices in the 10kV power station aggregate data to the power automation system of this site, and upload the site data to the district power centralized control system through the data communication gateway via the power communication dedicated network covering all sites in the area; each regional power centralized control system aggregates the data of the area through the dedicated network to the power dispatching system of the whole field; the 110kV or 66kV central substation integrated automation system uses an independent data communication gateway (intelligent telecontrol device) to upload data directly to the power dispatching automation system of the whole field through the power communication dedicated network. The power station system hardware mainly includes servers, workstations, switches, firewalls, communication gateways, protocol conversion devices, protection information management machines, electric energy collection terminals, clock devices, printers, UPS power supplies, cabinets and other auxiliary facilities; the servers and network equipment of the 110kV central substation should be redundantly configured, and the 10kV power station can be equipped with an on-site monitoring host and operator station according to the actual needs of the operating unit, and the network equipment is configured as a single machine.

[0079] The power station system software of the power station monitoring layer consists of basic support platform, human-computer interaction interface, SCADA, protection information management, accident recall and other functions.

[0080] The basic support platform is the basic information integration environment of the power plant power monitoring system application software. It is the operating basis of the software application functions, manages real-time and historical databases, and provides data services and synchronization functions, clock management, platform maintenance, and system resource management.

[0081] The human-computer interaction interface includes tools such as alarms, graphics, curves, reports, and user authority management. It provides a graphical, intelligent, and visual monitoring interface, and cooperates with friendly human-computer interaction forms such as dynamic display, pop-up alarms, sound alarms, and voice broadcasts. It can timely obtain real-time operation data of power stations, remotely operate primary electrical equipment such as circuit breakers, and reduce the pressure of monitoring and operation and maintenance.

[0082] SCADA includes functions such as data acquisition and processing, control and regulation, data calculation and statistics, event recording and alarm, and topology coloring, and is the core module of the application software.

[0083] Protection information management includes functional sub-modules such as protection parameters, operating settings, setting editing, protection measurement, protection status, fault waveform and signal reset, etc., to realize functions such as relay protection data collection and monitoring, remote modification of switching settings, event alarm and viewing, fault analysis and judgment, protection setting call and verification, and fault analysis report.

[0084] The accident recall function can record the operating status of the power system for a long period of time before and after the protection event occurs, and then re-display the situation when the accident occurred, so as to analyze and study the accident process truthfully and conveniently.

[0085] The terminal equipment layer adopts dual sampling and mutual calibration technology to ensure the reliability of protection sampling and the correctness of protection behavior, eliminate false operation and refusal of protection, and solve the pain points and difficulties such as the failure to open the protection level difference caused by the primary grid of the airport and small faults causing big impacts by optimizing the system and coordinating protection at all levels.

[0086] The terminal equipment layer monitors the electrical analog quantity and switch quantity status of the primary electrical equipment of the power grid normally, automatically controls and handles power grid faults or abnormal conditions, uploads real-time operation data and protection information to the superior automation system, and receives remote control operation instructions.

[0087] The secondary equipment at the terminal equipment layer includes secondary comprehensive protection, automatic devices, measuring equipment and other IED equipment. The primary electrical equipment is monitored, measured, controlled and protected by the secondary equipment at the terminal equipment layer. The secondary equipment at the terminal equipment layer monitors, measures, controls and protects the primary equipment. One or more secondary equipments monitor one or more primary equipments. Secondary equipments with corresponding functions and quantities are configured according to the needs of the primary electrical equipment to realize the complete monitoring function of the primary equipment.

[0088] Terminal equipment layer monitoring objects: power station lines, transformers, busbars and busbar PTs, circuit breakers, switches (trolleys), diesel generators, low-voltage reactive power compensation cabinets, low-voltage active filter cabinets and other primary electrical equipment.

[0089] The terminal equipment layer mainly includes line protection measurement and control devices, transformer protection measurement and control devices, section protection measurement and control and backup power supply automatic switching devices, busbar protection devices, electric energy meters, multi-function meters, various controllers and other automation equipment. The relevant automation equipment has corresponding protection, monitoring, automatic control and remote control functions, and realizes communication and data interaction with the power station monitoring layer equipment through standard communication interfaces and general open communication protocols.

[0090] The data flow of the airport power grid automation communication network is collected and interactively summarized according to "equipment->power station->centralized control->dispatching", that is, the medium and low voltage relay protection, measurement and control, multi-function instruments and other IED intelligent devices in the 10kV power station aggregate data to the power automation system of this site, and upload the site data to the district power centralized control system through the data communication gateway via the power communication dedicated network covering all sites in the area; each regional power centralized control system aggregates the data of the area through the dedicated network to the power dispatching automation system of the whole field; the 110kV or 66kV central substation comprehensive automation system uses an independent data communication gateway (intelligent telecontrol device) to upload data directly to the power dispatching automation system of the whole field via the power communication dedicated network.

[0091] The dispatch center-level organization of the airport's three-level control is the airport dispatch center, which corresponds to the airport dispatch layer and is the only dispatch command organization for the airport's power supply and distribution network. It is responsible for the monitoring, command, coordination, and organization of the airport's 10kV and above main network equipment and 0.4kV main circuits and section switches. It is used for system dispatch, dispatch command, and remote equipment operation.

[0092] The dispatch center level corresponds to the whole-field dispatch layer and is connected to the centralized control center level. It is used to issue dispatch orders to the regional centralized control center level according to its own dispatch scope, power grid operation status and dispatch plan, so as to realize system dispatch, dispatch command and remote operation of equipment.

[0093] Personnel at the dispatching center level are assigned professional positions and organizational management personnel such as dispatching, monitoring, planning, operating mode, relay protection, automation, and personnel training according to their specialties. Each profession can have multiple people assigned to it or merge it with other professional positions based on the workload to improve the technical level of each profession and the work efficiency of personnel.

[0094] In addition to basic dispatching functions such as dispatching operation management, dispatching plan management, power grid operation mode management, management of relay protection and safety automatic devices, dispatching automation management, and dispatching personnel management, the dispatching center-level functions also include panoramic system monitoring.

[0095] Dispatching and operation management includes receiving and executing superior dispatching and operation tasks, directing the operation of equipment within the dispatching jurisdiction, directing accident handling and fault analysis, and statistically analyzing power grid operation data;

[0096] Dispatching plan management includes functions such as power load forecasting and load analysis, equipment maintenance plan management, etc.

[0097] The management of power grid operation mode includes the management of power grid calculation parameters, review of feasibility studies in the early stages of the project, and organization and implementation of new equipment dispatching plans;

[0098] Relay protection and safety automatic device management includes the functions of operation management, setting calculation, defect management and maintenance management of relay protection and safety automatic devices;

[0099] Dispatching automation management includes functions such as automated equipment maintenance, defect handling, substation automation information access, automation system construction and maintenance, and secondary safety protection;

[0100] Dispatcher management includes functions such as organizing business training and skill assessment for dispatchers;

[0101] The system's panoramic monitoring includes telemetry, telesignaling, electricity, equipment operating parameters, abnormal alarms, device locking, equipment tripping, device action, fault information monitoring, and remote control operation of circuit breakers, switches, and ground switches, voltage / reactive power regulation, remote protection activation and deactivation, and fixed value modification. The regional centralized control center-level organization of the three-level airport control corresponds to the regional centralized control layer, including the work area centralized control center, the terminal area centralized control center, and the flight area centralized control center, which is responsible for the operation monitoring, remote operation, and equipment management of the power stations in the area under its jurisdiction. The centralized control center level corresponds to the regional centralized control layer, which is connected to the operation and maintenance operation station level. It is used to perform functional management and remote operation of the equipment within the monitoring range according to the superior dispatch order, and send instructions to the operation and maintenance operation station level in the area under its jurisdiction to remotely operate the power stations in the area under its jurisdiction; the centralized control center level is established to manage many power station equipment in this area (such as the terminal area, flight area, and work area), and the equipment it monitors and controls is the various power station equipment in the area under its jurisdiction. The centralized control center level itself has the function of monitoring the data of each power station under its jurisdiction. Its remote operation of power station equipment (such as opening and closing switches) must be performed according to the dispatching order of the dispatching layer (remote control of the equipment). The centralized control center level sends instructions to the operation and maintenance operation station level based on the instructions of the dispatching layer in order to allow the operation and maintenance operation station to perform on-site maintenance, inspection and local operation of the equipment (instructions to people), which does not involve remote control equipment at the centralized control center level. The personnel of the regional centralized control center are configured for remote monitoring, equipment management, and organizational management personnel;

[0102] The functions of the centralized control center include remote centralized monitoring of 10kV, 400V and other voltage level equipment within the jurisdiction of the region, receiving and executing superior dispatching operation tasks, and responsible for equipment operation and maintenance management, data recording, personnel training and team management according to the superior dispatching requirements. The operation and maintenance station-level organization of the airport's three-level control is the substation operation and maintenance station, which corresponds to the power station monitoring layer and the terminal equipment layer. Multiple operation and maintenance stations are set up nearby according to the operation and maintenance operation radius. A regional centralized control center has multiple operation and maintenance stations under its jurisdiction, which are mainly responsible for the on-site operation, equipment inspection, equipment maintenance, fault repair, construction monitoring and other operation and maintenance work of the power station.

[0103] The operation and maintenance station-level organization is staffed with on-site operations and operation and maintenance inspection personnel.

[0104] The functions of the operation and maintenance station include on-site operation of power station equipment within its jurisdiction, daily equipment inspection, fault repair, fault elimination and other standardized inspection and maintenance work. The centralized control center manages multiple power stations in the area under its jurisdiction, and establishes one or more operation and maintenance stations under its organizational structure. Each operation and maintenance station manages multiple power stations nearby;

[0105] The operation and maintenance station level itself is a combination of people, without any automation system. It accepts dispatching orders from the centralized control center level and the dispatching center level to conduct on-site inspections, inspections, maintenance, and local operations on on-site equipment.

[0106] Under normal circumstances, the dispatch center issues dispatch orders to the centralized control center based on its own dispatch scope, power grid operation status and dispatch plan, and can accept instructions from the regional power grid dispatch department; each regional centralized control center at the centralized control center level accepts the dispatch orders issued by the global dispatch center, and remotely controls the equipment within the monitoring range according to the dispatch orders; the operation and maintenance operation station accepts the instructions issued by the superior regional centralized control center and performs local operations;

[0107] In the event of major power grid operations or abnormalities, the global dispatch center can remotely control the monitoring range of all equipment according to the dispatch order, or directly issue dispatch orders to the operation and maintenance station level, which accepts the dispatch order issued by the global dispatch center and performs local operations. The dispatch center level has the authority to directly issue dispatch orders to the operation and maintenance station level and remotely operate all equipment.

[0108] In short, the dispatching, monitoring, various professional and on-site operation and maintenance operators of the three-level control organization can not only coordinate personnel to help each other, but also provide technical support and management guidance at the dispatching center and the centralized control center level. By setting up a three-level control model, not only is the full-field control coverage achieved, but also the division of labor specialization and regional management are achieved, solving the problems of insufficient professional technical forces and lack of operation and maintenance personnel.

[0109] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides an airport power supply and distribution network control method based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control, which runs on an airport power supply and distribution network control system based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control described in Embodiment 1, and the specific steps include:

[0110] Step 1: The dispatch center level corresponds to the whole-field dispatch layer. It issues dispatch orders to the centralized control center level according to its own dispatch scope, power grid operation status and dispatch plan and the instructions of the regional power grid dispatch department;

[0111] Step 2: The control center corresponds to the regional control layer, which remotely controls the equipment within the monitoring range according to the dispatch order issued by the dispatch center in step 1, and issues local operation instructions to the operation and maintenance operation station level;

[0112] Step 3: The operation and maintenance station level corresponds to the power station monitoring layer and the terminal equipment layer, receives the local operation instructions issued in step 2 and performs local operations on the equipment under the corresponding power station;

[0113] Step 4: The device uploads the real-time operation data of the on-site operation in Step 3 to implement the airport power supply and distribution network management and control based on a four-layer architecture and three-level management and control.

[0114] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0115] The present invention provides an airport power supply and distribution network control system and method based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control, which is used to solve the construction and operation pain points of the airport power supply and distribution network, such as observability, measurability, controllability, and difficulty in unifying secondary standardization and integration. Through horizontal professional integration and vertical management penetration, it effectively supports the airport power supply and distribution network to achieve observable, measurable, and controllable comprehensive perception of the system operation status, realizes centralized monitoring and unified dispatching management of the source, network, and load of airport power, improves the intelligent operation and maintenance management level of the airport power supply and distribution network, provides guidance for the planning, design, and engineering implementation of the airport power supply and distribution network smart control system, fully covers data interaction and dispatching control management authority, realizes multi-level operation monitoring and control, management and maintenance, increases the proportion of remote operation of power equipment and operation efficiency, and reduces the workload of operation and maintenance personnel;

[0116] The data processing and control granularity of the present invention is refined to the specific power supply and distribution equipment operation, maintenance and management level, which can realize precise control of terminal equipment. It adopts a four-layer architecture and three-level management and control, and divides the responsibilities of different levels more finely. The system can better adapt to the refined management needs in large-scale and complex environments. The power supply and distribution network design for the specific scenario of airports has stronger professionalism and pertinence. Since it involves the stable operation of the airport power system, the system has higher real-time and reliability requirements, and is suitable for highly complex and high-reliability environments. It has more advantages in large-scale data processing and rapid response.

[0117] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An airport power supply and distribution network control system based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control, comprising a four-layer architecture and three-level control, characterized in that: The four-layer architecture includes the whole-field dispatching layer, regional centralized control layer, power station monitoring layer and terminal equipment layer. The three-layer management and control includes the dispatching center level, centralized control center level and operation and maintenance operation station level. The whole-field dispatching layer is connected to the regional centralized control layer, receives information sent from the regional centralized control layer, and controls the equipment under the regional centralized control layer by sending dispatching instructions to the regional centralized control layer; The regional centralized control layer is connected to the power station monitoring layer, and controls the power station secondary equipment under the corresponding power station monitoring layer by sending control instructions to the power station monitoring layer; The power station monitoring layer is connected to the terminal equipment layer to directly control the secondary equipment of the power station; The dispatch center level corresponds to the whole-field dispatch layer and is connected to the centralized control center level. It is used to issue dispatch orders to the centralized control center according to its own dispatch scope, power grid operation status and dispatch plan, so as to realize system dispatch, dispatch command and remote operation of equipment. The centralized control center level corresponds to the regional centralized control layer and is connected to the operation and maintenance station level. It is used to perform functional management and remotely operate the equipment within the monitoring range according to the superior dispatch order, and send instructions to the operation and maintenance station within the jurisdiction to remotely operate the power stations within the jurisdiction; The operation and maintenance station level corresponds to the power plant monitoring layer and the terminal equipment layer, and is used to perform on-site operations on power plant equipment within its jurisdiction based on the instructions sent by the superior centralized control center.

2. According to claim 1, an airport power supply and distribution network control system based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control is characterized by: The airport dispatching layer, including the airport power dispatching automation system, connects the networks of various areas of the regional centralized control layer through the network of the airport dispatching layer, integrates all power data in the airport, and is used for remote centralized monitoring, dispatching and management of the airport power grid.

3. According to claim 2, an airport power supply and distribution network control system based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control is characterized in that: The field-wide power dispatching automation system at the field-wide dispatching layer includes an intelligent dispatching support platform, dispatching system hardware and dispatching system software. The dispatching system hardware includes workstations and servers. Operation instructions are initiated through the human-computer interaction interface in the dispatching system software corresponding to the workstation. After the operation instructions are encoded by the dispatching system software on the intelligent dispatching support platform, they are sent to the regional centralized control layer through the communication transmission network by the server's data communication interface to perform corresponding operations for comprehensive monitoring, dispatching and operation management of the field's power supply and distribution network.

4. According to claim 1, the airport power supply and distribution network control system based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control is characterized by: The areas in the regional centralized control layer include terminal areas, flight areas and work areas. The power centralized control system is built according to the area. The power centralized control system is the superior operation and maintenance management organization of each power station under the corresponding area. It connects to the power stations within the jurisdiction of the corresponding area through a dedicated network for remote centralized monitoring.

5. According to claim 4, an airport power supply and distribution network control system based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control is characterized in that: The power centralized control system of the regional centralized control layer includes an intelligent centralized control layer support platform, centralized control system software, and centralized control system hardware. The centralized control system hardware includes workstations and servers. Operation instructions are initiated through the human-computer interaction interface in the centralized control system software corresponding to the workstation. After the operation instructions are encoded by the centralized control system software on the intelligent centralized control layer support platform, they are sent to the power station monitoring layer through the communication transmission network by the server's data communication interface to execute corresponding operations, which are used for centralized monitoring of the power stations in the regional centralized control layer.

6. According to claim 1, an airport power supply and distribution network control system based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control, characterized in that: The power station monitoring layer builds a power station automation system for the power station, automatically controls and digitizes the secondary equipment at the terminal equipment layer, and performs network communication for monitoring, protection, measurement, operation management, and information remote transmission; The power station automation system of the power station monitoring layer includes an intelligent power station support platform, power station system software, and power station system hardware. The power station system hardware includes workstations, servers, and communication gateways. Operation instructions are initiated through the human-computer interaction interface in the power station system software corresponding to the workstation. After the operation instructions are encoded by the power station system software on the intelligent power station support platform, they are sent to the secondary equipment at the terminal equipment layer through the data communication interface of the server via the station control layer network or the communication gateway after processing via the field bus to perform corresponding operations for centralized monitoring of power stations in the area.

7. According to claim 1, an airport power supply and distribution network control system based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control, characterized in that: The terminal equipment layer normally monitors the electrical analog quantity and switch quantity status of the primary electrical equipment of the power grid, automatically controls and handles power grid faults and abnormal conditions, uploads real-time operation data and protection information to the power station automation system of the upper-level power station monitoring layer, and receives remote control operation instructions. Among them, the primary electrical equipment is monitored, measured, controlled and protected by setting up secondary equipment at the terminal equipment layer. The secondary equipment at the terminal equipment layer includes secondary comprehensive protection, automatic devices, measuring equipment and IED equipment.

8. According to claim 1, the airport power supply and distribution network control system based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control is characterized by: The control center level includes the work area control center, terminal area control center and flight area control center, which are used for remote centralized monitoring of 10kV and 400V voltage level equipment in the corresponding control center area, receiving and executing dispatch center level operation tasks, and are responsible for equipment operation and maintenance management, data recording, personnel training and team management according to the requirements of the dispatch center level.

9. According to claim 1, an airport power supply and distribution network control system based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control, characterized in that: At the operation and maintenance station level, one or more operation and maintenance operation stations shall be set up according to the operation and maintenance operation radius, which shall be used for inspection and operation and maintenance of power station equipment within the jurisdiction, including on-site operation, daily equipment inspection, fault repair and fault elimination.

10. A method for controlling an airport power supply and distribution network based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control, running on an airport power supply and distribution network control system based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The dispatch center level corresponds to the whole-field dispatch level. It issues dispatch orders to the centralized control center level according to its own dispatch scope, grid operation status and dispatch plan, and instructions from the regional grid dispatch department. The centralized control center level corresponds to the regional centralized control layer. It remotely controls the equipment within the monitoring range according to the dispatching orders issued by the dispatching center, and issues local operation instructions to the operation and maintenance operation station level. The operation and maintenance station level corresponds to the power station monitoring layer and the terminal equipment layer, accepts the local operation instructions issued and performs local operations on the equipment under the corresponding power station; The equipment uploads real-time operation data of on-site operations to realize the management and control of the airport power supply and distribution network based on a four-layer architecture and three-level control.

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