A side cooling battery pack and a drying method thereof

Abstract

This patent application belongs to the field of energy storage equipment technology, specifically relating to a drying method for a side-cooled battery pack, including the following steps: S1: A one-piece molded cooling pipe is wound around and fixed on both sides of multiple battery modules on a base plate, and the top cover is installed on the base plate to form a sealed box; S2: A vacuum pump is connected to an explosion-proof valve on the box through a pipe, and the air inside the box is extracted by the vacuum pump, so that a negative pressure is formed inside the box; S3: The connection between the pipe and the explosion-proof valve is disconnected, and the box with negative pressure inside automatically draws in air from outside the box through the explosion-proof valve, and the water vapor in the air is intercepted by the waterproof vent valve; It also relates to a side-cooled battery pack with a high inlet water temperature and a small local temperature difference, and after assembling the box, the vacuum pump is connected to the waterproof vent valve, and the air inside the box is extracted by the vacuum pump, thus drying the inside of the battery pack. The humidity inside the battery pack is low, and condensation is not easily generated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage equipment technology, and specifically to a side-cooled battery pack and its drying method. Background Technology

[0002] Battery cabinets are used to store and manage multiple battery packs, which include multiple battery modules. When the battery modules are working, they generate a lot of heat. Overheating of the battery modules will reduce the efficiency of internal chemical reactions and increase the risk of thermal runaway. Therefore, heat dissipation of the battery pack is required.

[0003] Traditional battery packs typically use a cold plate for cooling. The cold plate is located at the bottom of the battery pack, and a circulation pipeline transfers coolant / refrigerant to the flow channels inside the cold plate. Heat exchange occurs between the upper surface of the cold plate and the battery modules inside the battery pack. However, this method has the following problems: In order to ensure heat dissipation, the inlet temperature of the coolant / refrigerant (the temperature when it first enters the battery pack) is often low, and the lower surface of the cold plate is located on the outside of the battery pack. This results in a large temperature difference between the inside and outside of the battery pack, as well as between the bottom and top of the battery pack. When the local / internal / external temperature difference exceeds 10 degrees Celsius and the air humidity is high, condensation is likely to occur. The resulting condensate can easily cause short circuits in electrical components and corrosion of the casing.

[0004] To solve the above problems, desiccants or dehumidifiers are usually installed in the battery cabinet. However, the absorption capacity of desiccants is limited and they need to be replaced regularly; dehumidifiers need to work for a long time in humid environments, resulting in high electricity costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a drying method for a side-cooled battery pack, so that condensation does not easily occur inside or outside the battery pack.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for drying a side-cooled battery pack includes the following steps:

[0008] S1: The integrated cooling pipes are wound around and fixed on both sides of multiple battery modules on the base plate, and the top cover is installed on the base plate to form a sealed box.

[0009] S2: Connect the vacuum pump to the explosion-proof valve on the enclosure through a pipeline, and use the vacuum pump to extract the air from the enclosure, so that a negative pressure is formed inside the enclosure.

[0010] S3: Disconnect the connection between the pipeline and the explosion-proof valve. The box with negative pressure inside automatically draws in air from outside the box through the explosion-proof valve. The moisture in the air is intercepted by the waterproof and breathable valve.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0012] 1. A battery module is composed of multiple cells. During operation, the chemical reaction inside the cells causes a large amount of heat to be generated in the central area of ​​the cells. The cell tabs are the main channels for current to enter and exit, and a large amount of heat is also generated when a large current passes through them. Therefore, the main heat-generating area of ​​the battery pack is located in the upper middle part of the cells. This cooling pipe is close to the side of the battery module, which is closer to the main heat-generating area of ​​the battery module. Therefore, compared with the bottom cold plate solution, the cooling pipe of this solution has a better heat dissipation effect.

[0013] 2. In existing side-cooled battery packs, side cooling plates are installed on the side of each battery module. Each side cooling plate has an inlet and an outlet at both ends. Multiple branch pipes of the liquid cooling pipeline are connected to each inlet, forming multiple side cooling plates in parallel. However, the parallel connection of multiple side cooling plates causes the internal coolant to be divided, which may lead to uneven flow and uneven heating inside the battery pack, affecting the heat dissipation effect and potentially causing large local temperature differences within the battery pack. In contrast, the cooling pipe of this solution is a single channel without branch pipes. The internal coolant / refrigerant will not be divided, resulting in better heat dissipation and better temperature uniformity.

[0014] 3. Because the cooling pipes in this solution have good heat dissipation, compared with other refrigeration solutions, the inlet temperature of the coolant / refrigerant in the cooling pipes can be higher to achieve the same cooling effect, while reducing the power of the compressor and reducing energy consumption.

[0015] 4. By setting up an explosion-proof valve and utilizing its waterproof properties, after the battery pack is assembled, a vacuum pump can be connected to the waterproof vent valve to extract the air from the box and create a vacuum. After the vacuum pump is removed, the negative pressure inside the box will automatically draw in outside air, and the moisture in the air will be trapped in the waterproof vent valve, thus ensuring that the inside of the box remains dry.

[0016] 5. The high inlet temperature of the cooling pipe in this design reduces the temperature difference between the cooling pipe, inlet pipe, outlet pipe and the outside, and also improves the temperature uniformity inside the battery pack, reducing local temperature differences and making it less prone to condensation inside and outside the battery pack.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the explosion-proof valve is a one-way waterproof and breathable valve.

[0018] Beneficial effects: By setting a one-way waterproof and breathable valve, the inner side of the waterproof membrane inside the valve is hydrophilic and the outer side is hydrophobic. When air is drawn in, the water vapor inside can pass through the waterproof membrane, while when the chamber draws in air, the water vapor is blocked.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connecting block is welded to the sealing plate, and the joint is welded to the connecting block to form a joint structure; the sealing plate in the joint structure is sleeved on the cooling pipe through the first through hole, and then welded and fixed, and the glue injection groove in the connecting block is filled with sealant; the fixing plate is installed on the inside of the upper cover by sealing screws; the upper cover is fastened to the bottom plate, and the sealing plate and the fixing plate are connected by sealing screws.

[0020] Beneficial effects: Since the connection between the connector and the cooling pipe has the highest risk of leakage (leakage points due to welding), the sealing plate is tightly attached to the fixing plate, sealing the gap between the cooling pipe and the fixing plate, ensuring the airtightness of the battery pack. Placing the connector on the outside of the sealing plate, i.e. the outside of the battery pack, reduces the risk of leakage inside the battery pack, while ensuring the airtightness of the box.

[0021] The second objective of this invention is to provide a side-cooled battery pack, which is dried by the drying method described above. The battery pack includes a housing and multiple battery modules installed in the housing. It also includes a cooling pipe that winds around each battery module and contacts both sides of each battery module. The two ends of the cooling pipe are respectively connected to the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe of a refrigeration device.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. Compared to the bottom cold plate solution, the cooling pipes in this solution are closer to the main heat-generating areas, resulting in better heat dissipation.

[0024] 2. The cooling pipe in this solution is a single channel without branch pipes, so the internal coolant / refrigerant will not be split, resulting in good heat dissipation and better temperature uniformity;

[0025] 3. Because the cooling pipes in this solution have good heat dissipation, compared with other refrigeration solutions, the inlet temperature of the coolant / refrigerant in the cooling pipes can be higher to achieve the same cooling effect, while reducing the power of the compressor and reducing energy consumption.

[0026] 4. The high inlet temperature of the cooling pipe in this design reduces the temperature difference between the cooling pipe, inlet pipe, outlet pipe and the outside, and also improves the temperature uniformity inside the battery pack, reducing local temperature differences and making it less prone to condensation inside and outside the battery pack.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a waterproof and breathable valve is provided on the side wall of the box, and air can only enter the box through the waterproof and breathable valve.

[0028] Beneficial effects: By setting up a waterproof and breathable valve, after the battery pack is assembled, a vacuum pump can be connected to the waterproof and breathable valve to extract the air from the box and create a vacuum. After the vacuum pump is removed, the negative pressure inside the box will automatically draw in outside air. The moisture in the air is intercepted in the waterproof and breathable valve, thus ensuring that the inside of the box is dry.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cooling pipe is made of aluminum square tube obtained by extrusion, and the aluminum square tube is bent multiple times to obtain the cooling pipe.

[0030] 1. Cooling pipes obtained by extrusion and bending are less prone to leakage. The sidewalls of aluminum square tubes are flat, which fits the sidewalls of the battery module better, resulting in better cooling performance.

[0031] 2. Cooling systems for battery packs are generally classified into air-cooled, liquid-cooled, and direct-cooled systems. The difference between liquid-cooled and direct-cooled units lies in the following: In liquid-cooled units, the refrigerant is cooled first, then heat is exchanged between the refrigerant and circulating cooling water, and finally the cooling water dissipates heat from the battery module. In direct-cooled units, the refrigerant is cooled first, and then the refrigerant directly dissipates heat from the battery module. Because the refrigerant becomes a gas-liquid mixture after absorbing heat, the internal pressure of the pipes is relatively high. Therefore, direct-cooled units generally use metal pipes. In this solution, the one-piece molded aluminum square tube has high strength and good toughness, and can withstand a certain amount of extrusion and deformation. Therefore, this pipe can be used in direct-cooled units. The existing parallel side-cooling structure uses a combination of side-cooling plates and plastic pipes. The plastic pipes cannot withstand the pressure of refrigerant flow. If the plastic pipes are directly replaced with metal pipes to withstand greater pressure, it will cause problems when installing the side-cooling plates and metal pipes. (The joints used for the side-cooling plates are usually welded to the base plate. Due to processing errors, the position of each joint cannot be guaranteed to be precise. Plastic pipes are flexible and can adapt to this error, but metal pipes cannot be adjusted to the position of the joints. In addition, in order to ensure the sealing, the metal pipes and joints need to be welded again, making the installation process more complicated. Welding makes the entire structure difficult to disassemble, which is inconvenient when repairing the battery module.)

[0032] 3. When installing the side cooling plate, multiple battery modules can be placed on the bottom plate of the battery pack, and then the cooling pipes can be placed on both sides of the multiple battery modules. The cooling pipes and multiple battery modules are then squeezed inward and shaped by the extrusion devices (hydraulic cylinders, air cylinders) on both sides. Therefore, the cooling pipes also have a certain limiting effect on the battery modules, making the overall structure more stable. Compared with the parallel side cooling structure in the existing technology, it does not require multiple welding inside the battery pack, making the installation more convenient and faster.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, both ends of the cooling pipe extend out of the battery pack housing and are located on the same side of the battery pack; two adjacent side pipes are located between adjacent battery modules; one of the end pipes bends outward at the connection between two adjacent side pipes to form a ball head or a square head.

[0034] Beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. In a parallel side-cooled structure, the liquid inlet and outlet are located on the front and rear sides of the battery pack. When the liquid inlet pipe of the liquid cooler is located on the front of the battery pack, the outlet pipe needs to be routed to the back of the battery pack to connect with the outlet, making the pipeline laying more complicated and increasing the required pipeline length. During maintenance, it may also be necessary to open the back panel of the battery cabinet. In this solution, when the liquid inlet and outlet of the cooling pipe are located on the same side, it is easier to connect to the liquid cooler / direct cooler without increasing the pipeline length, making maintenance more convenient.

[0036] 2. Since the number of battery modules is generally even, it is necessary to repeat the winding process once between adjacent battery modules so that the liquid inlet and outlet are located on the same side of the battery pack. The two side tubes that are repeatedly wound are located between two adjacent battery modules. If the end tube between the two side tubes is a rounded corner that bends inward, in order to avoid breakage due to bending, it is necessary to ensure that there is a certain distance between the two side tubes so that the spacing between the adjacent battery modules at this point is different from the spacing between other adjacent battery modules, making installation impossible. Moreover, when the cooling pipe is squeezed and installed, the two side tubes at both ends will inevitably be close together, and the inwardly bent end tube will tend to bend inward, which will lead to breakage of the end tube. Therefore, in order to make the total thickness of the two side tubes thin enough, a round or square head is provided at the end of the pipe to meet the bending process. During installation, the side tube is squeezed, and the outwardly bent end tube will tend to continue to bend outward, avoiding the end tube bending inward and causing breakage.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a transition structure, the transition structure including a sealing plate and a connector, the sealing plate having a first through hole, the cooling pipe passing through the first through hole and being fixedly connected to the sealing plate, and the connector communicating with the end of the cooling pipe;

[0038] The housing includes a top cover and a bottom plate. The top cover is detachably mounted on the bottom plate. A fixing plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the top cover. A second through hole is provided on the fixing plate. The sealing plate is pressed against the inner side of the fixing plate. The end of the cooling pipe passes through the second through hole and is fixedly connected to the connector, so that the connector is located on the outer side of the fixing plate.

[0039] Since the connection between the connector and the cooling pipe has the highest risk of leakage (due to leaks in the weld), the sealing plate is tightly attached to the fixing plate, sealing the second through hole and ensuring the airtightness of the battery pack. Placing the connector on the outside of the sealing plate, i.e. the outside of the battery pack, reduces the risk of leakage inside the battery pack.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adapter structure further includes a connecting block, which is fixedly connected to the sealing plate and extends out of the second through hole. The connecting block has a communicating cavity, through which the cooling pipe communicates with the connector.

[0041] Beneficial effects: The connecting block is used to connect the connector and the cooling pipe. Since the connecting block can pass through the second through hole, during welding installation, the welding point between the connecting block and the sealing plate is located on the outside of the sealing plate, that is, on the outside of the battery pack, which avoids leakage inside the battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the side-cooled battery pack of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment of the side-cooled battery pack of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling pipe structure in an embodiment of the side-cooled battery pack of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing plate in an embodiment of the side-cooled battery pack of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transition structure in an embodiment of the side-cooled battery pack of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the drying method for the side-cooled battery pack of the present invention.

[0048] The attached reference numerals include: cooling pipe 1, liquid inlet 11, liquid outlet 12, ball head 13, side pipe 14, end pipe 15, housing 2, bottom plate 21, top cover 22, battery module 23, support frame 24, waterproof and breathable valve 25, fixing plate 3, U-shaped plate 31, receiving groove 32, second through hole 33, sealing plate 41, first through hole 42, connecting block 43, connecting cavity 44, connector 45, and glue injection groove 46. Detailed Implementation

[0049] Typical embodiments embodying the features and advantages of the present invention will be specifically described in the following description. It should be understood that the present invention can have various variations in different embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention, and the descriptions and illustrations herein are for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit the present invention.

[0050] In the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the structure referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0051] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 This embodiment discloses a battery pack, including a base plate 21, a top cover 22, multiple battery modules 23, and a side cooling structure; the side cooling structure includes an integrally formed cooling pipe 1 and two adapter structures.

[0052] Among them, see Figure 2 A support frame 24 is fixedly connected to the base plate 21. The support frame 24 supports the cooling pipe 1. The same end of multiple battery modules 23 is tightly attached to the inner side of the support frame 24. The cooling pipe 1 is wound around each battery module 23 one by one and contacts both sides of each battery module 23. A strip of thermally conductive insulating adhesive is adhered to the side wall of each battery module 23. Two adapter structures are respectively installed at both ends of the cooling pipe 1 and extend out of the side wall of the upper cover 22 and are detachably connected to the upper cover 22. The two ends of the cooling pipe 1 are respectively connected to the liquid inlet pipe and liquid outlet pipe of the refrigeration equipment through the corresponding adapter structures.

[0053] Among them, see Figure 4 , Figure 5 The adapter structure includes a connecting block 43, a sealing plate 41, and a connector 45. The sealing plate 41 has a first through hole 42 through which the cooling pipe 1 passes and is fixedly connected to the sealing plate 41. The connector 45 is connected to the end of the cooling pipe 1. A fixing plate 3 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the upper cover 22. The fixing plate 3 has a second through hole 33. The sealing plate 41 is pressed against the inner side of the fixing plate 3. The connecting block 43 is welded to the sealing plate 41 and extends out of the second through hole 33. A connecting cavity 44 is provided inside the connecting block 43, through which the cooling pipe 1 is connected to the connector 45. An injection groove 46 is provided around the cooling pipe 1 on the inner side of the connecting block 43, and the injection groove 46 is filled with sealant.

[0054] Among them, see Figure 4 , Figure 5 The fixing plate 3 includes a U-shaped plate 31 and a receiving groove 32. The U-shaped plate 31 is installed on the inner wall of the upper cover 22 by screws. The receiving groove 32 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped plate 31 and is located inside the upper cover 22. It is also connected to the sealing plate 41 by screws. The second through hole 33 is located on the receiving groove 32. The connecting block 43 passes through the second through hole 33 and is located inside the receiving groove 32.

[0055] In this embodiment, in some battery cabinets, battery packs are stacked inside the cabinet. The space between the front end of the battery pack and the cabinet door is relatively small. Directly placing the connecting block 43 and the connector 45 outside the side wall of the top cover 22 would prevent the cabinet door from closing. In this solution, the connecting block 43 is located inside the receiving groove 32, so that the transition structure does not have a large protrusion relative to the top cover 22, occupying less external space and being more aesthetically pleasing. The cooling pipe 1 in this solution is made of aluminum, which can undergo plastic deformation under a certain external force. When tightening the screws between the sealing plate 41 and the receiving groove 32, the screws continuously tighten, which can correct the slight misalignment of the sealing plate 41 and the cooling pipe 1 (due to processing errors caused by processing and extrusion). The top cover 22, the fixing plate 3, the receiving groove 32, and the sealing plate 41 form a sealed shell, with the connecting block 43 located on the outside of this sealed shell. The connecting block 43 is welded to the sealing plate 41, and the connector 45 is welded to the connecting block 43. Both weld points are located on the outside of the sealed shell, thereby reducing the risk of leakage inside the battery pack.

[0056] Among them, see Figure 3 The cooling pipe 1 is made of aluminum square tube obtained by extrusion, and the aluminum square tube is bent multiple times to obtain the cooling pipe 1; the cooling pipe 1 is provided with multiple side pipes 14 and end pipes 15 in an alternating manner, and the connection between the side pipes 14 and the end pipes 15 is rounded. The side pipes 14 correspond to the side of each battery module 23, and the end pipes 15 correspond to the end of each battery module 23.

[0057] The cooling pipe 1 has two ends located on the same side of the top cover 22; two adjacent side pipes 14 are located between adjacent battery modules 23; one of the end pipes 15 bends outward at the connection between two adjacent side pipes 14 to form a ball head 13 or a square head.

[0058] Among them, see Figure 1 The upper cover 22 is equipped with a waterproof and breathable valve 25, through which air can only enter the box 2.

[0059] See Figure 6 The drying method in this embodiment is as follows, including the following steps:

[0060] S1: The integrated cooling pipe 1 is wound around both sides of multiple battery modules 23 on the base plate 21, and the top cover 22 is installed on the base plate 21 to form a sealed box 2.

[0061] S2: Connect the vacuum pump to the explosion-proof valve on the housing 2 through a pipeline, and use the vacuum pump to extract the air in the housing 2, so that a negative pressure is formed in the housing 2.

[0062] S3: Disconnect the connection between the pipe and the explosion-proof valve. The box 2, which is under negative pressure inside, automatically draws in air from outside the box 2 through the explosion-proof valve. The moisture in the air is intercepted by the waterproof and breathable valve 25.

[0063] The steps specifically include: positioning the battery modules 23 with insulating sealant applied by the support frame 24, placing the battery modules 23 with insulating sealant applied on the base plate 21, and placing the ends of the battery modules 23 against the inner side of the support frame 24, and placing the cooling pipe 1 from top to bottom, so that the cooling pipe 1 is wrapped around the two parts of the battery module 23.

[0064] Through two sets of extrusion mechanisms, the cooling pipe 1 and the battery module 23 are simultaneously extruded inward from both sides of the base plate 21, so that the side wall of the cooling pipe 1 contacts the side wall of the battery module 23.

[0065] The sealing plate 41, connecting block 43, and connector 45 in the transition structure have been welded before assembly. The fixing plate 3 is installed inside the upper cover 22 by screws. The cooling pipe 1 is inserted into the connecting cavity 44 through the first through hole 42. The sealing plate 41 is then welded and fixed to the cooling pipe 1, and filler glue is injected into the glue injection groove 46. The upper cover 22 is fastened to the bottom plate 21, and the sealing plate 41 and fixing plate 3 are connected by screws to complete the assembly.

[0066] The vacuum pump is connected to the waterproof and breathable valve 25; the vacuum pump is used to extract the air from the chamber 2.

[0067] The vacuum pump extracts the original air from the housing 2, creating negative pressure. This separates the vacuum pump from the waterproof vent valve 25. The system then waits for the waterproof vent valve 25 to continuously intake air. The moisture in the newly entering air is intercepted by the waterproof vent valve 25, thus drying the inside of the battery pack. The humidity inside the battery pack is low, the local temperature difference is small, and condensation is less likely to occur.

[0068] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for drying a side-cooled battery pack, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The integrated cooling pipes are wound around and fixed on both sides of multiple battery modules on the base plate, and the top cover is installed on the base plate to form a sealed box. In step S1, the battery modules with insulating sealant are positioned by the support frame, placed on the base plate, and the ends of the battery modules are pressed against the inner side of the support frame. The cooling pipes are placed from top to bottom, so that the cooling pipes are wrapped around the two parts of the battery modules. Both ends of the cooling pipe extend out of the battery pack housing. Some cooling pipes are repeatedly wound in the gap between adjacent battery modules, so that the inlet and outlet of the cooling pipe are located on the same side of the battery pack. The two side pipes that are repeatedly wound are located between two adjacent battery modules and bend outward to form a ball head or a square head. The connecting block is welded to the sealing plate, and the joint is welded to the connecting block to form a transition structure; the sealing plate in the transition structure is sleeved on the cooling pipe through the first through hole, and then welded and fixed, and the glue injection groove in the connecting block is filled with sealant; the fixing plate is installed on the inside of the upper cover by sealing screws; the upper cover is fastened to the bottom plate, and the sealing plate and the fixing plate are connected by sealing screws. S2: Connect the vacuum pump to the explosion-proof valve on the enclosure through a pipeline, and use the vacuum pump to extract the air from the enclosure, so that a negative pressure is formed inside the enclosure. S3: Disconnect the connection between the pipeline and the explosion-proof valve. The box with negative pressure inside automatically draws in air from outside the box through the explosion-proof valve. The moisture in the air is intercepted by the waterproof and breathable valve.

2. The drying method for the side-cooled battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The explosion-proof valve is a one-way waterproof and breathable valve.

3. A side-cooled battery pack, characterized in that, The drying is carried out by the drying method of the side-cooled battery pack as described in any one of claims 1-2, including a housing and multiple battery modules, the multiple battery modules being installed in the housing, and also including a cooling pipe, the cooling pipe being wound around each battery module one by one and contacting both sides of each battery module, the two ends of the cooling pipe being connected to the liquid inlet pipe and liquid outlet pipe of the refrigeration equipment, respectively.

4. The side-cooled battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side wall of the enclosure is equipped with a waterproof and breathable valve, allowing air to enter the enclosure only through the valve.

5. The side-cooled battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling pipe is made of extruded aluminum square tube, which is then bent multiple times to obtain the cooling pipe.

6. The side-cooled battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling pipes are arranged in an alternating pattern with multiple side pipes and end pipes. Both ends of the cooling pipes extend out of the battery pack housing and are located on the same side of the battery pack. Two adjacent side pipes are located between adjacent battery modules. One of the end pipes bends outward at the connection between two adjacent side pipes to form a ball head or a square head.

7. The side-cooled battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a transition structure, which includes a sealing plate and a connector. The sealing plate has a first through hole, through which the cooling pipe passes and is fixedly connected to the sealing plate. The connector is connected to the end of the cooling pipe. The housing includes a top cover and a bottom plate. The top cover is detachably mounted on the bottom plate. A fixing plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the top cover. A second through hole is provided on the fixing plate. The sealing plate is pressed against the inner side of the fixing plate. The end of the cooling pipe passes through the second through hole and is fixedly connected to the connector, so that the connector is located on the outer side of the fixing plate.

8. The side-cooled battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adapter structure also includes a connecting block, which is fixedly connected to the sealing plate and extends out through the second through hole. The connecting block has a communicating cavity, through which the cooling pipe communicates with the connector.

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