Operation control method and system for flue gas waste heat

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal-fired thermal power generation, in particular to a flue gas waste heat operation control method and system.The state of a valve is intelligently adjusted through a waste heat valve control optimization algorithm, a series connection mode or a parallel connection mode of a two-section economizer is flexibly selected in cooperation with a double-section adjustment algorithm, and the cold end temperature of an air pre-heater is monitored in real time in combination with a low-temperature protection algorithm; according to the system, the temperature of flue gas at an outlet of the air pre-heater is effectively reduced, heat loss is reduced, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the dust collection effect of the electric dust remover is enhanced, low-temperature corrosion and ammonia salt blockage are prevented, and the system has a flexible operation mode switching function and is suitable for popularization and application. Safe operation under the deep peak regulation working condition is ensured, the service life of equipment is prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal-fired thermal power generation, and in particular to an operation control method and system for flue gas waste heat. Background Art

[0002] The existing flue gas waste heat utilization system usually consists of a two-stage low-temperature economizer and a heater. The low-temperature economizer is usually divided into a high-temperature section and a low-temperature section and is installed between the air preheater and the electrostatic precipitator. The flue gas temperature drops to about 90°C after passing through the high-temperature section and the low-temperature section. The outlet of the blower and the primary fan is usually equipped with a heater to further recover the heat in the flue gas and transfer it to the primary and secondary air to increase the temperature of the air inlet of the air preheater. This system has been widely used in the application of thermal power plants. However, in actual operation, with the frequent occurrence of deep peak-shaving conditions, the system has exposed a series of problems and challenges.

[0003] Under deep peak load regulation conditions, the inlet water temperature of the low-temperature economizer is difficult to maintain above 70°C, which causes the temperature of the heating surface to decrease and increases the risk of low-temperature corrosion, especially on the cold end of the air preheater. Low-temperature corrosion not only poses a threat to the safety of the equipment, but also increases the complexity and cost of maintenance. The existing system lacks flexible operating mode switching capabilities, and it is difficult to respond quickly and adjust to the optimal state when the load fluctuates or the flue gas temperature changes, resulting in low heat recovery efficiency. In addition, although the system can reduce the flue gas temperature under normal circumstances, under extreme conditions or partial failure of the equipment, the system cannot continuously maintain a low exhaust temperature, which not only affects the overall heat recovery benefits, but may also cause further damage to the equipment and a decrease in operating efficiency.

[0004] The current system mainly adopts a fixed operation mode and lacks the ability to switch flexibly according to actual working conditions. Especially when the load changes greatly, it is difficult to maximize the utilization efficiency of waste heat recovery by adjusting the operation mode of the economizer and the heater. The complexity of the equipment also increases the difficulty of system maintenance. The problem of equipment aging is becoming more and more serious, and the maintenance workload is large and the frequency is increasing, which further exacerbates the increase in system operating costs and the decline in economic efficiency.

[0005] In summary, a flue gas waste heat operation control method and system mainly solve the problems of low-temperature corrosion risk, single operation mode and difficult system maintenance in the existing flue gas waste heat utilization system under deep peak-shaving conditions. By intelligently adjusting the valve state and optimizing the operation mode, it ensures that the flue gas waste heat is maximized and the exhaust temperature is reduced under different working conditions, and effectively prevents low-temperature corrosion at the cold end of the air preheater. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0007] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to solve the technical difficulties faced in the existing flue gas waste heat utilization process. Through intelligent adjustment and optimization control, the system can maximize the recovery of flue gas waste heat under different working conditions, reduce the exhaust temperature, and prevent low-temperature corrosion of the cold end of the air preheater.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions, a flue gas waste heat operation control method, comprising: utilizing a waste heat valve control optimization algorithm to intelligently adjust the valve state and optimize heat recovery; utilizing a two-stage adjustment optimization algorithm to intelligently select the switching of two-stage economizers in series and in parallel; utilizing a low-temperature protection algorithm to monitor the cold end temperature of the air preheater in real time and perform intelligent loop control; utilizing an operating condition adaptive algorithm to intelligently switch the operation mode according to the real-time operating conditions to achieve flue gas waste heat operation control.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the operation control method of flue gas waste heat described in the present invention, wherein: the waste heat valve control optimization algorithm includes a heat recovery optimization equation and a valve regulation control equation;

[0010] The heat recovery optimization equation is expressed as:

[0011]

[0012] The valve regulation control equation is expressed as:

[0013]

[0014] Among them, Q rec represents the heat recovery function, that is, the total heat recovered within time T, C p represents the specific heat capacity of flue gas, represents the mass flow rate of flue gas, T in (t) represents the temperature of the flue gas when it enters the system, T out (t) represents the temperature of the flue gas when it leaves the system, α(t) represents the valve opening coefficient, t represents the time variable, T represents the total operation time, It represents the rate of change of valve opening coefficient α(t) to time t, λ represents the adjustment rate coefficient, β represents the smoothing adjustment coefficient, represents the first-order partial derivative of the heat recovery function with respect to the valve opening coefficient, represents the second-order partial derivative of the heat recovery function with respect to the valve opening coefficient;

[0015] By real-time monitoring of the temperature T of the flue gas entering the system in (t) and the mass flow rate of flue gas The heat recovery optimization equation is used to calculate the effect of the current valve opening coefficient α(t) on the heat recovery function Q rec The influence of , calculate the first-order partial derivative and the second-order partial derivatives Combining the first-order partial derivative and the second-order partial derivative results, the valve opening coefficient α(t) is dynamically adjusted using the valve regulation control equation; when the first-order partial derivative is monitored When it is positive, the valve opening coefficient α(t) is increased; when the first-order partial derivative is monitored When it is a negative value, the valve opening coefficient α(t) is reduced; calculate the second-order partial derivative Adjust the oscillation and instability during the adjustment process;

[0016] By continuously adjusting the valve opening coefficient α(t), the optimal solution Q of the heat recovery function in the heat recovery optimization equation is obtained. rec , automatically adjust to achieve Q rec The maximum valve opening coefficient α(t); when the temperature T of the flue gas entering the system is monitored in (t) increases, the valve opening coefficient α(t) is reduced to increase heat recovery. When the mass flow rate of flue gas is detected If it increases, the valve opening coefficient α(t) will increase, increasing heat recovery.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the operation control method of flue gas waste heat described in the present invention, wherein: the two-stage regulation optimization algorithm includes a two-stage mode switching determination equation and a mode switching optimization equation;

[0018] The dual-stage mode switching determination equation is expressed as:

[0019]

[0020] The mode switching optimization equation is expressed as:

[0021]

[0022] Among them, P opt It is expressed as the optimal benefit judgment value of the current working mode, γ represents the mode switching sensitivity coefficient, δ represents the system response speed coefficient, S(t) represents the mode switching decision function, η represents the adjustment coefficient, θ represents the mode stability coefficient, Represents the current optimization benefit judgment value P opt The second-order time derivative of Represents the current optimization benefit judgment value P opt The first time derivative of ;

[0023] The mass flow rate of flue gas obtained by real-time monitoring The temperature of flue gas when it enters the system is T in (t), the temperature of flue gas when it leaves the system T out(t), as well as the valve opening coefficient α(t) and the rate of change of the valve opening coefficient α(t) with respect to time t Calculate the optimal benefit judgment value P of the current working mode opt , using the calculated optimal benefit judgment value P of the current working mode opt As well as the first-order time derivative of the current optimization benefit judgment value and the second-order time derivative of the current optimization benefit judgment value, the mode switching decision function S(t) is calculated, and based on the result of S(t), the working mode switching is determined and executed, and the series and parallel modes are intelligently selected;

[0024] When S(t)>0, the benefit change in the current mode supports switching modes to achieve optimized benefits; if the current mode is in series mode and S(t)>0, switch to parallel mode; if the current mode is in parallel mode and S(t)>0, switch to series mode; when S(t)≤0, the benefit change in the current mode does not support switching modes, and the current mode is maintained to achieve optimized benefits; if the current mode is in parallel mode and S(t)≤0, maintain the parallel mode and maintain the current mode to achieve optimized benefits; if the current mode is in series mode and S(t)≤0, maintain the series mode and maintain the current mode to achieve optimized benefits.

[0025] As a preferred solution of the operation control method of flue gas waste heat described in the present invention, wherein: the low temperature protection algorithm includes an air preheater cold end temperature prediction equation, an intelligent loop control equation and a low temperature protection loop adjustment equation;

[0026] The air preheater cold end temperature prediction equation is expressed as:

[0027]

[0028] The intelligent loop control equation is expressed as:

[0029]

[0030] The low temperature protection loop regulation equation is expressed as:

[0031]

[0032] Among them, T end (t) represents the current temperature of the cold end of the air preheater, which means T end (t+Δt) predicted temperature at time t+Δt, Represents the first-order derivative of temperature change, that is, the current temperature change rate, represents the second-order derivative of the current temperature change, that is, the current temperature change acceleration, α1 and α2 represent the temperature change adjustment coefficients, β represents the coefficient of heat recovery on temperature, Δt represents the time increment, that is, the system time step, C(t) represents the loop control signal, Tsafe represents the safety temperature threshold, γ represents the loop response gain coefficient, Indicates the heat compensation rate in the circuit, It represents the loop regulation coefficient;

[0033] The current temperature T of the cold end of the air preheater obtained by real-time monitoring end (t), and use the air preheater cold end temperature prediction equation to predict the temperature T at time t+Δt end (t+Δt), the predicted temperature T end (t+Δt) and the preset safety temperature threshold T safe to compare and make judgements;

[0034] Among them, T safe =70℃, when T end (t+Δt) <T safe When the current cold end temperature exceeds the safe range, the intelligent loop control is turned on, and the intelligent loop control equation C(t) = γ·(T safe -T end (t+Δt)) regulation loop state, according to T safe With T end The difference of (t+Δt) increases the heat compensation; when T end (t+Δt)≥T safe When , it means that the current cold end temperature is within the safe range, then the loop control signal C(t) remains at 0, the loop remains closed, and the system operates normally;

[0035] When it is determined that the intelligent loop control is turned on, the low temperature protection loop adjustment equation is used to adjust the loop operation state, and the heat compensation rate in the loop is adjusted according to the loop control signal C(t). Provides thermal compensation.

[0036] As a preferred solution of the flue gas waste heat operation control method described in the present invention, wherein: the operating condition adaptive algorithm includes an operating condition adaptability evaluation equation, an operating condition adaptive mode switching equation, and a mode adaptability adjustment equation;

[0037] The working condition adaptability evaluation equation is expressed as:

[0038]

[0039] The working condition adaptive mode switching equation is expressed as:

[0040]

[0041] The mode adaptive adjustment equation is expressed as:

[0042] ΔP opt=φ·(A(t)-∈)·M(t)

[0043] Among them, A(t) represents the working condition adaptability assessment, κ represents the weight coefficient of the working condition assessment area, Indicates the optimization benefit judgment value P in the current working mode opt The first-order derivative of is the speed of change of reaction benefit, ξ represents the acceleration weight coefficient of working condition adaptability, Indicates the optimization benefit judgment value P in the current working mode opt The second-order derivative of is the acceleration of benefit change, ω represents the temperature safety weight coefficient, M(t) represents the mode switching indicator, ∈ represents the operating condition switching threshold, ΔP opt represents the mode adaptability adjustment amount, and φ represents the adjustment gain coefficient.

[0044] As a preferred solution of the operation control method of flue gas waste heat described in the present invention, wherein: the operation mode includes high and low temperature section series operation and high and low temperature section separate operation;

[0045] The high and low temperature sections are operated in series. The condensate at the outlet of the low-pressure heater is mixed with the low-temperature condensate for temperature adjustment, flows through the low-temperature section and high-temperature section of the low-temperature economizer to absorb heat, and then returns to the inlet of the low-pressure heater. When the temperature at the cold end of the air preheater is less than 70°C, the heater is put into use to heat the primary and secondary air temperatures using the refluxed condensate.

[0046] The high and low temperature sections are operated separately, and the condensate at the outlet of the low-pressure heater is mixed with the low-temperature condensate for temperature adjustment, flows through the high-temperature section of the low-temperature economizer to absorb heat, and then returns to the inlet of the low-pressure heater; the low-temperature section of the low-temperature economizer and the heater form a closed-loop heat medium water heat exchange system to increase the primary and secondary air temperatures and reduce the flue gas temperature at the outlet of the low-temperature economizer.

[0047] As a preferred solution of the flue gas waste heat operation control method described in the present invention, wherein: the realization of flue gas waste heat operation control includes using the operating condition adaptability evaluation equation to evaluate the system adaptability under the current operating condition, when A(t)≥0.8, it means that the current operating mode is adapted to the current operating condition, and when A(t)≤0.3, it means switching the operating mode;

[0048] According to the working condition adaptability evaluation result A(t) and the value of the mode switching decision function S(t), the working condition adaptive mode switching equation is used to determine the switching operation mode. When M(t) = 1, the operation mode switching is triggered; when M(t) = 0, the current operation mode remains unchanged;

[0049] When the triggering operation mode switch is determined, the high and low temperature sections are intelligently selected for tandem operation and separate operation according to the real-time operating conditions. When the real-time operating conditions are high load, high temperature flue gas and the air preheater cold end temperature is lower than the preset safety temperature threshold T safeWhen the real-time working condition is low load, low temperature flue gas and the air preheater cold end temperature is higher than the preset safety temperature threshold T safe When the high and low temperature sections are selected for separate operation;

[0050] After the operation mode is switched, the mode adaptability adjustment equation ΔP is used opt The new mode is adjusted and the adjustment amount is controlled by adaptively adjusting the gain coefficient φ.

[0051] Another object of the present invention is to provide an operation control system for flue gas waste heat, which can realize intelligent switching of different operation modes through intelligent algorithms and optimization strategies to adapt to complex and changeable working conditions; by real-time monitoring of flue gas temperature, flow rate and air preheater cold end temperature, dynamically adjust the system's operating parameters to ensure that the flue gas waste heat can be recovered to the maximum extent under any operating conditions, reduce the exhaust temperature, and effectively prevent the risk of low-temperature corrosion, thereby improving the safety and operating efficiency of the system.

[0052] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an operation control system of flue gas waste heat, comprising: a valve control optimization model, a two-stage switching model, a low temperature protection model and an operating condition adaptation model;

[0053] The valve control optimization model uses the waste heat valve control optimization algorithm to intelligently adjust the valve state and optimize heat recovery;

[0054] The dual-stage switching model adopts a dual-stage regulation optimization algorithm to intelligently select the switching of the two-stage economizers in series and in parallel;

[0055] The low temperature protection model uses a low temperature protection algorithm to monitor the cold end temperature of the air preheater in real time and perform intelligent loop control;

[0056] The operating condition adaptation model adopts an operating condition adaptive algorithm to intelligently switch the operating mode according to the real-time operating conditions to achieve flue gas waste heat operation control.

[0057] A computer device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and is characterized in that when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the above-mentioned flue gas waste heat operation control method are implemented.

[0058] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the operation control method of flue gas waste heat as described above are implemented.

[0059] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by effectively reducing the temperature of the flue gas at the air preheater outlet, the heat loss in the smoke exhaust process is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency is significantly improved. At the same time, the reduced flue gas temperature increases the resistivity of the fly ash, enhances the dust collection effect of the electrostatic precipitator, and ensures that the dust emission meets the standards. By using water as a heat medium, the heat on the flue gas side is transferred to the primary air and secondary air, which increases the temperature of the cold end of the air preheater and prevents low-temperature corrosion and ammonia salt blockage. The system also has a flexible operating mode switching function to ensure that the waste heat can be recovered to the maximum extent even if some components are removed. Under deep peak-shaving conditions, the system can maintain the inlet water temperature of the low-temperature economizer, reduce the risk of low-temperature corrosion, and ensure the safe operation of the equipment. Through optimized design, the system reduces the maintenance frequency and cost of the equipment and extends the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0061] Figure 1 A low-energy module layout diagram of a flue gas waste heat operation control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 2 A functional schematic diagram of a low-temperature economizer for a flue gas waste heat operation control method provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a heater for controlling a method for operating waste heat of flue gas provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 4 A high and low temperature section serial operation diagram of a flue gas waste heat operation control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 5 A high and low temperature section separate operation diagram of a flue gas waste heat operation control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 6 A diagram of the condensate return operation mode of a low temperature section air heater of a flue gas waste heat operation control method provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 7 A diagram of the condensate return operation mode of a low temperature section air heater of a flue gas waste heat operation control method provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] Example 1, reference Figure 1 , is an embodiment of the present invention, which provides an operation control method for flue gas waste heat, including:

[0070] S1: Utilize the waste heat valve control optimization algorithm to intelligently adjust the valve status and optimize heat recovery.

[0071] It should be noted that the waste heat valve control optimization algorithm includes the heat recovery optimization equation and the valve regulation control equation;

[0072] The heat recovery optimization equation calculates the heat recovered by adjusting the valve opening over a period of time. The integral represents the cumulative process of heat recovery and reflects the effect of valve opening on heat recovery efficiency, which is expressed as:

[0073]

[0074] The valve regulation control equation specifies the dynamic adjustment method of the valve opening, and the adjustment is based on the heat recovery function Q rec The effect on the opening is expressed as:

[0075]

[0076] Among them, Q rec represents the heat recovery function, that is, the total heat recovered within time T, C p represents the specific heat capacity of flue gas, represents the mass flow rate of flue gas, T in (t) represents the temperature of the flue gas when it enters the system, T out (t) represents the temperature of the flue gas when it leaves the system, α(t) represents the valve opening coefficient, t represents the time variable, T represents the total operation time, It represents the rate of change of valve opening coefficient α(t) with respect to time t, and is used to describe the dynamic adjustment process of the valve over time. λ represents the adjustment rate coefficient, and β represents the smooth adjustment coefficient, which is used to prevent drastic fluctuations during valve adjustment. represents the first-order partial derivative of the heat recovery function with respect to the valve opening coefficient, represents the second-order partial derivative of the heat recovery function with respect to the valve opening coefficient;

[0077] Furthermore, by real-time monitoring of the temperature T of the flue gas when it enters the system in (t) and the mass flow rate of flue gas The heat recovery optimization equation is used to calculate the effect of the current valve opening coefficient α(t) on the heat recovery function Q rec The influence of , calculate the first-order partial derivative Used to adjust the opening to increase heat recovery and calculate the second-order partial derivative It is used for smooth regulation to prevent system instability caused by over-regulation. Combining the first-order partial derivative and the second-order partial derivative results, the valve opening coefficient α(t) is dynamically adjusted using the valve regulation control equation to make the valve opening reach the optimal state. When the first-order partial derivative is monitored, When it is positive, the valve opening coefficient α(t) is increased; when the first-order partial derivative is monitored When it is a negative value, the valve opening coefficient α(t) is reduced; calculate the second-order partial derivative Adjust excessive oscillation and instability during regulation.

[0078] Furthermore, by continuously adjusting the valve opening coefficient α(t), the system continuously approaches the optimal solution Q of the heat recovery function in the heat recovery optimization equation. rec , automatically adjust to achieve Q rec The maximum valve opening coefficient α(t); when the temperature T of the flue gas entering the system is monitored in (t) increases, the valve opening coefficient α(t) is reduced to increase heat recovery. When the mass flow rate m of the flue gas is detected to increase, the valve opening coefficient α(t) is increased to increase heat recovery;

[0079] S2: Adopt the dual-stage regulation optimization algorithm to intelligently select the switching between series and parallel connection of the two-stage economizer.

[0080] It should be noted that the dual-stage regulation optimization algorithm includes a dual-stage mode switching determination equation and a mode switching optimization equation;

[0081] Assume an objective function P opt To measure the heat recovery efficiency of the current working mode, this function is consistent with the heat recovery function Q in the "waste heat valve control optimization algorithm" rec The dual-stage mode switching decision equation is expressed as:

[0082]

[0083] In determining P opt Finally, the mode switching optimization equation is introduced to decide whether to switch in series or in parallel between the high temperature section and the low temperature section. The mode switching optimization equation is expressed as:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, P opt It is expressed as the optimal benefit judgment value of the current working mode, γ represents the mode switching sensitivity coefficient, which is used to adjust the response degree to the mode switching, δ represents the system response speed coefficient, which reflects the system's response speed to the change of valve opening, S(t) represents the mode switching decision function, which is used to judge whether the mode needs to be switched at the current moment, η represents the adjustment coefficient, which is used to balance the role of the second-order derivative in the decision-making, and θ represents the mode stability coefficient. Represents the current optimization benefit judgment value P opt The second-order time derivative of reflects the trend of benefit changes before and after the switch. Represents the current optimization benefit judgment value P opt The first-order time derivative of reflects the rate of change of benefit.

[0086] Furthermore, through Q rec The calculation results of the valve opening coefficient α(t) are used to adjust the operation mode of the economizer in real time. The mass flow rate of the flue gas is obtained by real-time monitoring. The temperature of flue gas when it enters the system is T in (t), the temperature of flue gas when it leaves the system T out (t), as well as the valve opening coefficient α(t) and the rate of change of the valve opening coefficient α(t) with respect to time t Calculate the optimal benefit judgment value P of the current working mode opt , using the calculated optimal benefit judgment value P of the current working mode opt As well as the first-order time derivative of the current optimized benefit judgment value and the second-order time derivative of the current optimized benefit judgment value, the mode switching decision function S(t) is calculated, and based on the result of S(t), the working mode switching is determined and executed, and the series and parallel modes are intelligently selected.

[0087] Furthermore, when S(t)>0, the benefit change in the current mode supports the switching mode to achieve the optimal benefit; if the current mode is in the series mode and S(t)>0, switch to the parallel mode; if the current mode is in the parallel mode and S(t)>0, switch to the series mode; when S(t)≤0, the benefit change in the current mode does not support the switching mode, and the current mode is maintained to achieve the optimal benefit; if the current mode is in the parallel mode and S(t)≤0, maintain the parallel mode and maintain the current mode to achieve the optimal benefit; if the current mode is in the series mode and S(t)≤0, maintain the series mode and maintain the current mode to achieve the optimal benefit;

[0088] During the mode switching process, the system continuously optimizes the current heat recovery efficiency P opt, combined with the waste heat valve control optimization algorithm, the heat recovery efficiency is further improved by dynamically adjusting the valve opening α(t). As the system runs for a long time, according to the current S(t) value and P opt The system automatically adjusts the mode switching strategy based on the changing trend of the fuel tank, ensuring that the system can select the optimal economizer operation mode at every moment and achieve maximum heat recovery through optimal valve adjustment.

[0089] S3: Use low temperature protection algorithm to monitor the cold end temperature of the air preheater in real time and perform intelligent loop control.

[0090] It should be noted that the cryogenic protection algorithm includes the air preheater cold end temperature prediction equation, the intelligent loop control equation, and the cryogenic protection loop regulation equation;

[0091] The prediction equation of the cold end temperature of the air preheater combines the temperature and mass flow of the flue gas and the dynamic characteristics of the system operation, and is expressed as:

[0092]

[0093] Based on the predicted temperature T end (t+Δt) and the set safety temperature threshold T safe , the system determines whether it is necessary to start the protection circuit and adjust the operating state of the circuit. The intelligent circuit control equation is expressed as:

[0094]

[0095] After the protection loop is turned on, the system adjusts the parameters in the loop to keep the air preheater cold end temperature within a safe range. The low temperature protection loop adjustment equation is expressed as:

[0096]

[0097] Among them, T end (t) represents the current temperature of the cold end of the air preheater, which means T end (t+Δt) predicted temperature at time t+Δt, Represents the first-order derivative of temperature change, that is, the current temperature change rate, represents the second-order derivative of the current temperature change, that is, the current temperature change acceleration, α1 and α2 represent the temperature change adjustment coefficients, which determine the speed and responsiveness of the temperature change, β represents the coefficient of heat recovery on the temperature, Δt represents the time increment, that is, the system time step, C(t) represents the loop control signal, which indicates the opening state of the protection loop, T safe represents the safety temperature threshold, which is set as the minimum temperature to prevent low-temperature corrosion. γ represents the loop response gain coefficient, which controls the intensity of the loop response. It represents the heat compensation rate in the circuit, and ζ represents the circuit adjustment coefficient, which determines the heat compensation rate.

[0098] Furthermore, the current temperature T of the cold end of the air preheater obtained by real-time monitoring end (t), and use the air preheater cold end temperature prediction equation to predict the temperature T at time t+Δt end (t+Δt), the predicted temperature T end (t+Δt) and the preset safety temperature threshold T safe to compare and make judgements;

[0099] Among them, T safe =70℃, when T end (t+Δt) <T safe When , it means that the current cold end temperature exceeds the safe range and there is a risk of low temperature corrosion. Then the intelligent loop control is turned on, and the intelligent loop control equation C(t) = γ·(T safe -T end (t+Δt)) regulation loop state, according to T safe With T end The difference of (t+Δt) controls the intensity. At this time, heat compensation is added; when T end (t+Δt)≥T safe When , it indicates that the current cold end temperature is within the safe range, the loop control signal C(t) remains at 0, the loop remains closed, and the system operates normally.

[0100] Furthermore, when it is determined that the intelligent loop control is turned on, the low temperature protection loop adjustment equation is used to adjust the loop operation state, and the heat compensation rate in the loop is adjusted according to the loop control signal C(t). Provides heat compensation;

[0101] When performing intelligent loop control, the system continuously monitors the current temperature T at the cold end of the air preheater. end (t), dynamically adjust C(t) and Update T according to the latest temperature data of time step Δt end (t), recalculate the predicted temperature T end (t+Δt) and loop control signal C(t); when it returns to the preset safety temperature threshold T safe When the intelligent loop control signal is reset to zero, the intelligent loop control is turned off and the system returns to normal operation.

[0102] S4: Adopting the working condition adaptive algorithm, intelligently switching the operation mode according to the real-time working conditions to realize the flue gas waste heat operation control.

[0103] It should be noted that the operating condition adaptation algorithm includes an operating condition adaptability evaluation equation, an operating condition adaptation mode switching equation, and a mode adaptability adjustment equation;

[0104] The working condition adaptation algorithm first needs to evaluate the adaptability of the current working condition in real time to determine whether the operating mode needs to be switched. The working condition adaptability evaluation equation is expressed as:

[0105]

[0106] Based on the operating condition adaptability evaluation value A(t) and the adaptability of the current working mode, the operating condition adaptive mode switching equation is expressed as:

[0107]

[0108] In the working condition adaptation algorithm, mode adaptive adjustment is an important step to ensure that the system can quickly adapt to the new working condition after switching. The mode adaptive adjustment equation is expressed as:

[0109] ΔP opt =φ·(A(t)-∈)·M(t)

[0110] Among them, A(t) represents the operating condition adaptability assessment, which reflects the operating effect and adaptability under the current operating conditions. κ represents the weight coefficient of the operating condition assessment area, which affects the sensitivity of the system to benefit changes. Indicates the optimization benefit judgment value P in the current working mode opt The first-order derivative of is the speed of change of the reaction benefit. ξ represents the weight coefficient of the acceleration of the working condition adaptability, which controls the influence of the acceleration of the change of the benefit on the evaluation value. Indicates the optimization benefit judgment value P in the current working mode opt The second derivative of is the acceleration of benefit change, ω represents the temperature safety weight coefficient, which determines the influence of the cold end temperature on the operating adaptability, M(t) represents the mode switching indicator, which is used to indicate whether the system needs to switch the operating mode, ∈ represents the operating condition switching threshold, which represents the minimum operating condition adaptability evaluation value required to trigger the mode switching, ΔP opt Indicates the mode adaptability adjustment amount, which is used to fine-tune the benefit judgment value P in the current mode opt , to ensure the maximization of the benefit after switching, φ represents the adjustment gain coefficient, which controls the size of the adjustment amount.

[0111] Further, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the operation modes include high and low temperature section series operation and high and low temperature section separate operation;

[0112] The high and low temperature sections are operated in series. The condensate at the outlet of the low-pressure heater is mixed with the low-temperature condensate for temperature adjustment, flows through the low-temperature section and high-temperature section of the low-temperature economizer to absorb heat, and then returns to the inlet of the low-pressure heater. When the temperature at the cold end of the air preheater is less than 70°C, the heater is put into use to use the refluxed condensate to heat the primary and secondary air temperatures.

[0113] The high and low temperature sections are operated separately. The condensate at the outlet of the low-pressure heater is mixed with the low-temperature condensate for temperature adjustment, flows through the high-temperature section of the low-temperature economizer to absorb heat, and then returns to the inlet of the low-pressure heater. The low-temperature section of the low-temperature economizer and the heater form a closed-loop heat medium water heat exchange system to increase the primary and secondary air temperatures and reduce the flue gas temperature at the outlet of the low-temperature economizer.

[0114] Furthermore, the realization of flue gas waste heat operation control includes using the operating condition adaptability evaluation equation to evaluate the system adaptability under the current operating condition. When A(t)≥0.8, it means that the current operating mode is adapted to the current operating condition. When A(t)≤0.3, it means switching the operating mode.

[0115] According to the working condition adaptability evaluation result A(t) and the value of the mode switching decision function S(t), the working condition adaptive mode switching equation is used to determine the switching operation mode. When M(t) = 1, the operation mode switching is triggered; when M(t) = 0, the current operation mode remains unchanged;

[0116] When the triggering operation mode switch is determined, the high and low temperature sections are intelligently selected for tandem operation and separate operation according to the real-time operating conditions. When the real-time operating conditions are high load, high temperature flue gas and the air preheater cold end temperature is lower than the preset safety temperature threshold T safe When the real-time working condition is low load, low temperature flue gas and the air preheater cold end temperature is higher than the preset safety temperature threshold T safe When the high and low temperature sections are selected for separate operation;

[0117] After the operation mode is switched, the mode adaptability adjustment equation ΔP is used opt The new mode is adjusted and the adjustment amount is controlled by adaptively adjusting the gain coefficient φ.

[0118] The entire system continuously monitors the real-time working conditions and cold end temperature of the flue gas, and continuously updates the working condition adaptability evaluation result A(t) and the calculation result of the mode switching decision function S(t), so as to make quick adjustments when the working conditions change and realize intelligent control:

[0119] Through the waste heat valve control optimization algorithm, the valve opening α(t) is adjusted in real time to ensure maximum heat recovery in any operating mode;

[0120] Through the low-temperature protection algorithm, the cold end temperature of the air preheater is monitored in real time, and the protection circuit is activated when necessary to avoid low-temperature corrosion;

[0121] Through the working condition adaptive algorithm, combined with the real-time working condition evaluation results, the operating mode is intelligently selected and switched to ensure the optimal operating state of the system under different working conditions.

[0122] The above is a schematic scheme of a flue gas waste heat operation control method of this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical scheme of the system of the flue gas waste heat operation control method and the technical scheme of the above-mentioned flue gas waste heat operation control method belong to the same concept, and the details not described in detail in the technical scheme of the flue gas waste heat operation control system of this embodiment can be referred to the description of the technical scheme of the above-mentioned flue gas waste heat operation control method.

[0123] In this embodiment, a flue gas waste heat operation control system is characterized by comprising: a valve control optimization model, a two-stage switching model, a low temperature protection model and a working condition adaptation model;

[0124] The valve control optimization model uses the waste heat valve control optimization algorithm to intelligently adjust the valve state and optimize heat recovery;

[0125] The dual-stage switching model adopts a dual-stage regulation optimization algorithm to intelligently select the switching of the two-stage economizers in series and in parallel;

[0126] The low temperature protection model uses a low temperature protection algorithm to monitor the cold end temperature of the air preheater in real time and perform intelligent loop control;

[0127] The operating condition adaptation model adopts an operating condition adaptive algorithm to intelligently switch the operating mode according to the real-time operating conditions to achieve flue gas waste heat operation control.

[0128] This embodiment further provides a computing device, which is applicable to a method for controlling the operation of flue gas waste heat, and includes:

[0129] Memory and processor; the memory is used to store computer executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute computer executable instructions to implement a flue gas waste heat operation control method as proposed in the above embodiment.

[0130] This embodiment also provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, a method for controlling the operation of flue gas waste heat as proposed in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0131] The storage medium proposed in this embodiment and the operation control method of flue gas waste heat proposed in the above embodiment belong to the same inventive concept. The technical details not fully described in this embodiment can be referred to the above embodiment, and this embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the above embodiment.

[0132] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc., which can store program codes.

[0133] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses.

[0134] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0135] Example 2, reference Figure 2-Figure 7 , is an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides an operation control method for flue gas waste heat. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through economic benefit calculation and simulation experiments.

[0136] 1. Model initialization

[0137] Figure 2 , Figure 3It is used to establish simulation models of low-temperature economizers and air heaters, and simulate the heat exchange process of flue gas passing through each section of economizers and air heaters.

[0138] 2. Algorithm Implementation

[0139] Waste heat valve control optimization algorithm: Based on the heat recovery optimization equation and valve regulation control equation, the valve opening is adjusted in real time to optimize heat recovery, such as Figure 4 To show the operating status at different valve openings.

[0140] Two-stage regulation optimization algorithm: intelligently select the two-stage economizer series or parallel mode, based on the mode switching judgment equation and mode switching optimization equation, such as Figure 5 Simulate the response when switching modes.

[0141] Low temperature protection algorithm: Through the air preheater cold end temperature prediction equation and intelligent loop control equation, the real-time monitoring and protection of the air preheater cold end temperature is realized, such as Figure 6 To simulate the loop control when the cold end temperature approaches the safety threshold.

[0142] Working condition adaptive algorithm: According to the real-time working condition changes, the working condition adaptability evaluation equation and working condition adaptive mode switching equation are used to intelligently switch the operation mode, such as Figure 7 To show the simulation results of working condition switching.

[0143] 3. Experimental scenario simulation

[0144] Scenario 1: Optimization of heat recovery under high load and high temperature flue gas conditions, using Figure 4 and Figure 5 .

[0145] Scenario 2: Deep peak load regulation, low temperature protection under low temperature flue gas conditions, use Figure 6 .

[0146] Scenario 3: Adaptive mode switching when working conditions change, use Figure 7 .

[0147] 4. Data Collection and Analysis

[0148] Record key data for each scenario, including valve opening, heat recovery, cold end temperature, and system response time.

[0149] Compare the benefit judgment values, mode switching response time and low temperature protection effects under different working conditions.

[0150] The experimental data are shown in Table 1:

[0151] Table 1 Experimental data record table

[0152] Experimental scenario Valve opening (%) Heat recovery capacity (J) Cold end temperature(℃) Response time(s) Mode switching Scene 1 75 8000 68 5 No switch Scene 2 60 6000 71 8 Trigger low temperature protection Scene 3 50→85 8500 69→72 10 Switch to serial mode

[0153] 5. Result Verification

[0154] The above simulation charts are used to demonstrate the system performance under different operating modes and verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.

[0155] The analysis results verify the system's operating stability and efficiency under high load, low temperature protection and operating condition adaptation conditions.

[0156] In summary, the designed flue gas waste heat operation control method and its integrated four algorithm models (waste heat valve control optimization algorithm, two-stage regulation optimization algorithm, low temperature protection algorithm, and working condition adaptive algorithm) have shown excellent performance in improving the system heat recovery efficiency, ensuring the system operation safety, and adapting to different working conditions. These results provide a reliable theoretical basis for further practical applications.

[0157] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flue gas waste heat operation control method, characterized in that: include: Utilize waste heat valve control optimization algorithm to intelligently adjust valve status and optimize heat recovery; Adopting dual-stage regulation optimization algorithm, intelligently selecting the switching between series and parallel connection of two-stage economizers; Use low temperature protection algorithm to monitor the cold end temperature of air preheater in real time and perform intelligent loop control; Adopting the working condition adaptive algorithm, the operating mode is switched intelligently according to the real-time working conditions to realize the flue gas waste heat operation control.

2. The operation control method of flue gas waste heat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste heat valve control optimization algorithm includes a heat recovery optimization equation and a valve regulation control equation; The heat recovery optimization equation is expressed as: The valve regulation control equation is expressed as: Among them, Q rec represents the heat recovery function, that is, the total heat recovered within time T, C p represents the specific heat capacity of flue gas, represents the mass flow rate of flue gas, T in (t) represents the temperature of the flue gas when it enters the system, T out (t) represents the temperature of the flue gas when it leaves the system, α(t) represents the valve opening coefficient, t represents the time variable, T represents the total operation time, It represents the rate of change of valve opening coefficient α(t) to time t, λ represents the adjustment rate coefficient, β represents the smoothing adjustment coefficient, represents the first-order partial derivative of the heat recovery function with respect to the valve opening coefficient, represents the second-order partial derivative of the heat recovery function with respect to the valve opening coefficient; By real-time monitoring of the temperature T of the flue gas entering the system in (t) and the mass flow rate of flue gas The heat recovery optimization equation is used to calculate the effect of the current valve opening coefficient α(t) on the heat recovery function Q rec The influence of , calculate the first-order partial derivative and the second-order partial derivatives Combining the first-order partial derivative and the second-order partial derivative results, the valve opening coefficient α(t) is dynamically adjusted using the valve regulation control equation; when the first-order partial derivative is monitored When it is positive, the valve opening coefficient α(t) is increased; when the first-order partial derivative is monitored When it is a negative value, the valve opening coefficient α(t) is reduced; calculate the second-order partial derivative Adjust the oscillation and instability during the adjustment process; By continuously adjusting the valve opening coefficient α(t), the optimal solution Q of the heat recovery function in the heat recovery optimization equation is obtained. rec , automatically adjust to achieve Q rec The maximum valve opening coefficient α(t); when the temperature T of the flue gas entering the system is monitored in (t) increases, the valve opening coefficient α(t) is reduced to increase heat recovery. When the mass flow rate of flue gas is detected If it increases, the valve opening coefficient α(t) will increase, increasing heat recovery.

3. The operation control method of flue gas waste heat according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dual-stage regulation optimization algorithm includes a dual-stage mode switching determination equation and a mode switching optimization equation; The dual-stage mode switching determination equation is expressed as: The mode switching optimization equation is expressed as: Among them, P opt It is expressed as the optimal benefit judgment value of the current working mode, γ represents the mode switching sensitivity coefficient, δ represents the system response speed coefficient, S(t) represents the mode switching decision function, η represents the adjustment coefficient, θ represents the mode stability coefficient, Represents the current optimization benefit judgment value P opt The second-order time derivative of Represents the current optimization benefit judgment value P opt The first time derivative of ; The mass flow rate of flue gas obtained by real-time monitoring The temperature of flue gas when it enters the system is T in (t), the temperature of flue gas when it leaves the system T out (t), as well as the valve opening coefficient α(t) and the rate of change of the valve opening coefficient α(t) with respect to time t Calculate the optimal benefit judgment value P of the current working mode opt , using the calculated optimal benefit judgment value P of the current working mode opt As well as the first-order time derivative of the current optimization benefit judgment value and the second-order time derivative of the current optimization benefit judgment value, the mode switching decision function S(t) is calculated, and based on the result of S(t), the working mode switching is determined and executed, and the series and parallel modes are intelligently selected; When S(t)>0, the benefit change in the current mode supports switching modes to achieve optimized benefits; if the current mode is in series mode and S(t)>0, switch to parallel mode; if the current mode is in parallel mode and S(t)>0, switch to series mode; when S(t)≤0, the benefit change in the current mode does not support switching modes, and the current mode is maintained to achieve optimized benefits; if the current mode is in parallel mode and S(t)≤0, maintain the parallel mode and maintain the current mode to achieve optimized benefits; if the current mode is in series mode and S(t)≤0, maintain the series mode and maintain the current mode to achieve optimized benefits.

4. The operation control method of flue gas waste heat according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cryogenic protection algorithm includes an air preheater cold end temperature prediction equation, an intelligent loop control equation, and a cryogenic protection loop adjustment equation; The air preheater cold end temperature prediction equation is expressed as: The intelligent loop control equation is expressed as: The low temperature protection loop regulation equation is expressed as: Among them, T end (t) represents the current temperature of the cold end of the air preheater, which represents T end (t+Δt) predicted temperature at time t+Δt, Represents the first-order derivative of temperature change, that is, the current temperature change rate, represents the second-order derivative of the current temperature change, that is, the current temperature change acceleration, α1 and α2 represent the temperature change adjustment coefficients, β represents the coefficient of heat recovery on temperature, Δt represents the time increment, that is, the system time step, C(t) represents the loop control signal, T safe represents the safety temperature threshold, γ represents the loop response gain coefficient, represents the heat compensation rate in the circuit, ζ represents the circuit adjustment coefficient; The current temperature T of the cold end of the air preheater obtained by real-time monitoring end (t), and use the air preheater cold end temperature prediction equation to predict the temperature T at time t+Δt end (t+Δt), the predicted temperature T end (t+Δt) and the preset safety temperature threshold T safe to compare and make judgements; Among them, T safe =70℃, when T end (t+Δt)<T safe When the current cold end temperature exceeds the safe range, the intelligent loop control is turned on, and the intelligent loop control equation C(t) = γ·(T safe -T end (t+Δt)) regulation loop state, according to T safe With T eni The difference of (t+Δt) increases the heat compensation; when T end (t+Δt)≥T safe When , it means that the current cold end temperature is within the safe range, then the loop control signal C(t) remains at 0, the loop remains closed, and the system operates normally; When it is determined that the intelligent loop control is turned on, the low temperature protection loop adjustment equation is used to adjust the loop operation state, and the heat compensation rate in the loop is adjusted according to the loop control signal C(t). Provides thermal compensation.

5. The operation control method of flue gas waste heat according to claim 4, characterized in that: The operating condition adaptation algorithm includes an operating condition adaptability evaluation equation, an operating condition adaptation mode switching equation, and a mode adaptability adjustment equation; The working condition adaptability evaluation equation is expressed as: The working condition adaptive mode switching equation is expressed as: The mode adaptive adjustment equation is expressed as: ΔP opt =φ·(A(t)-∈)·M(t) Among them, A(t) represents the working condition adaptability assessment, K represents the working condition assessment area weight coefficient, Indicates the optimization benefit judgment value P in the current working mode opt The first-order derivative of is the speed of change of reaction benefit, ξ represents the acceleration weight coefficient of working condition adaptability, Indicates the optimization benefit judgment value P in the current working mode opt The second-order derivative of is the acceleration of benefit change, ω represents the temperature safety weight coefficient, M(t) represents the mode switching indicator, ∈ represents the operating condition switching threshold, ΔP opt represents the mode adaptability adjustment amount, and φ represents the adjustment gain coefficient.

6. The operation control method of flue gas waste heat according to claim 5, characterized in that: The operation modes include high and low temperature section series operation and high and low temperature section separate operation; The high and low temperature sections are operated in series. The condensate at the outlet of the low-pressure heater is mixed with the low-temperature condensate for temperature adjustment, flows through the low-temperature section and high-temperature section of the low-temperature economizer to absorb heat, and then returns to the inlet of the low-pressure heater. When the temperature at the cold end of the air preheater is less than 70°C, the heater is put into use to heat the primary and secondary air temperatures using the refluxed condensate. The high and low temperature sections are operated separately, and the condensate at the outlet of the low-pressure heater is mixed with the low-temperature condensate for temperature adjustment, flows through the high-temperature section of the low-temperature economizer to absorb heat, and then returns to the inlet of the low-pressure heater; the low-temperature section of the low-temperature economizer and the heater form a closed-loop heat medium water heat exchange system to increase the primary and secondary air temperatures and reduce the flue gas temperature at the outlet of the low-temperature economizer.

7. The operation control method of flue gas waste heat according to claim 6, characterized in that: The implementation of flue gas waste heat operation control includes using an operating condition adaptability evaluation equation to evaluate the system adaptability under the current operating condition. When A(t)≥0.8, it indicates that the current operating mode is adapted to the current operating condition. When A(t)≤0.3, it indicates that the operating mode is switched. According to the working condition adaptability evaluation result A(t) and the value of the mode switching decision function S(t), the working condition adaptive mode switching equation is used to determine the switching operation mode. When M(t)=1, the operation mode switching is triggered; When M(t) = 0, the current operation mode remains unchanged; When the triggering operation mode switch is determined, the high and low temperature sections are intelligently selected for tandem operation and separate operation according to the real-time operating conditions. When the real-time operating conditions are high load, high temperature flue gas and the air preheater cold end temperature is lower than the preset safety temperature threshold T safe When the real-time working condition is low load, low temperature flue gas and the air preheater cold end temperature is higher than the preset safety temperature threshold T safe When the high and low temperature sections are selected for separate operation; After the operation mode is switched, the mode adaptability adjustment equation ΔP is used opt The new mode is adjusted and the adjustment amount is controlled by adaptively adjusting the gain coefficient φ.

8. A system based on the operation control method of flue gas waste heat according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Valve control optimization model, two-stage switching model, low temperature protection model and working condition adaptation model; The valve control optimization model uses the waste heat valve control optimization algorithm to intelligently adjust the valve state and optimize heat recovery; The dual-stage switching model adopts a dual-stage regulation optimization algorithm to intelligently select the switching of the two-stage economizers in series and in parallel; The low temperature protection model uses a low temperature protection algorithm to monitor the cold end temperature of the air preheater in real time and perform intelligent loop control; The operating condition adaptation model adopts an operating condition adaptive algorithm to intelligently switch the operating mode according to the real-time operating conditions to achieve flue gas waste heat operation control.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the flue gas waste heat operation control method described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of a flue gas waste heat operation control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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