Roof wall ventilation system

Abstract

The invention discloses a roof wall ventilation system which comprises a roof air duct arranged on a roof and a wall air duct arranged on a wall, an air inlet is formed in the upper end of the roof air duct and communicated with the outside, the lower end of the roof air duct is connected with the wall air duct, and a lower air outlet is formed in the lower end of the wall air duct and communicated with the inside. A solar heat reflection coating layer is arranged on the outer surface of the roof, a phase-change material layer is arranged in the wall body and is adjacent to the wall body air channel, and the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material layer is the temperature within the comfortable range of a human body. The system can reduce energy loss while improving ventilation comfort, is used for indoor ventilation control of a house, can adapt to different environmental conditions in the morning and evening in winter and summer, and has the advantage of better energy-saving and emission-reducing effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of house ventilation, and in particular to a roof wall ventilation system. Background Art

[0002] Modern house design usually requires the design of ventilation systems for indoor ventilation. Conventional ventilation systems directly use fans to bring air from the outside to the indoors. When the indoor ambient temperature needs to be controlled, air conditioning devices will be designed in the ventilation system to cool the air flow (in summer) and heat it (in winter) to ensure that the air flow sent into the room is at a comfortable temperature for the human body.

[0003] Under the call of green environmental protection for energy conservation and emission reduction in contemporary society, how to better reduce energy consumption and save energy and reduce emissions while ensuring ventilation comfort has become the pursuit of ventilation system design. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a roof wall ventilation system which can improve ventilation comfort while reducing energy loss and achieve greater energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A roof wall ventilation system comprises a roof duct arranged on the roof and a wall duct arranged on the wall, wherein an air inlet is arranged at the upper end of the roof duct and communicates with the outdoors, and the lower end is connected with the wall duct, and a lower air outlet is arranged at the lower end of the wall duct and communicates with the indoors, and is characterized in that a solar heat reflecting paint layer is arranged on the outer surface of the roof, a phase change material layer is arranged inside the wall and is adjacent to the wall duct, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material layer is within the comfortable range of human body temperature (usually in the range of 18-26°C).

[0006] In this way, since the solar heat reflective paint can reflect most of the solar heat, the reflective effect is better than that of mirror reflection. During the summer daytime, the sun is directly shining, and the outdoor ambient temperature is higher than the human body's comfortable temperature. The roof can reflect the sunlight very well by relying on the solar heat reflective paint layer, greatly reducing the roof temperature to below the ambient temperature. The incoming air flow first passes through the roof duct, initially cools down, and then passes downward through the wall duct, and is further absorbed by the phase change material and cooled before entering the room. A good cooling effect is achieved. During the summer nights, the outdoor ambient temperature is lower than the human body's comfortable temperature. When the incoming air flow passes through the wall duct, the phase change material releases heat and stores cold, raising the incoming air temperature to a comfortable temperature range for the human body. Therefore, this solution can achieve a temperature self-regulation effect, better improve the ventilation comfort of the house, and will not consume too much energy, saving energy and reducing emissions.

[0007] Furthermore, the phase change material layer is two layers arranged in parallel with a vertical interval, a wall air duct is formed between the two layers of phase change material, and the phase change temperatures of the two layers of phase change material are respectively the upper limit and lower limit of the human body comfortable temperature range.

[0008] This makes it easier to control the air intake to be within the upper and lower limits of human comfort temperature.

[0009] Furthermore, an air inlet fan is provided at the air inlet to better ensure the effect of active ventilation.

[0010] Furthermore, a filter module is provided at the air inlet to better ensure the air filtering effect.

[0011] Furthermore, an upper air outlet is provided at the upper end of the wall air duct in a bypass connection and communicates with the indoor room, a first air valve is installed on the upper air outlet, and a second air valve is installed on the wall air duct.

[0012] In this way, when necessary (for example, the incoming air is just within the comfortable temperature range for the human body), the second air valve can be closed, the first air valve can be opened, and the air can be taken in from the top of the wall to reduce wind flow loss.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a control center, and temperature probes are installed on the outside of the roof, inside the roof air duct, inside the wall air duct and on the inner surface of the wall. The temperature probes are connected to the control center, and the control center is connected to the first air valve and the second air valve.

[0014] This allows for better temperature detection and control. For example, on a summer night, when it is detected that the outdoor temperature has quickly dropped below the human comfort temperature, while the indoor temperature is still above the human comfort temperature range, the air can be firstly controlled to be discharged from the upper air outlet to the room, so that the indoor temperature can be quickly reduced to the human comfort range, and then the air can be controlled to be discharged from the lower air outlet, so that the phase change material in the wall channel can release heat and store cold.

[0015] As an improvement, the roof is also provided with a solar collector panel and a roof outer surface switching control device, and the roof outer surface switching control device is used to realize the switching control of the roof outer surface between the solar collector panel and the solar heat reflecting coating layer.

[0016] In this way, in winter, the outer surface of the roof is controlled to switch to the solar collector panel. In this way, when the sun directly heats the house during the day and the indoor temperature is lower than the comfortable temperature range for humans, the solar collector panel can heat the wind flow in the roof duct, and then control the air to be discharged from the upper air outlet to the room first, so that the indoor temperature quickly rises to the comfortable range for humans, and then control the air to be discharged from the lower air outlet, so that the phase change material in the wall channel can store heat. At night, the air duct is controlled to discharge air from the lower air outlet, and the phase change material in the wall channel can release heat to increase the outlet temperature, thereby better achieving indoor insulation.

[0017] As another improvement, the roof is also provided with a sky radiation cooling paint layer and a roof outer surface switching control device, and the roof outer surface switching control device is used to realize the switching control of the roof outer surface between the sky radiation cooling paint layer and the solar heat reflecting paint layer.

[0018] In this way, on summer nights, the outer surface of the roof can be controlled to switch to the sky radiation cooling coating layer. The sky radiation cooling coating layer can radiate far infrared rays in the 8-13um band. The far infrared rays in this band can pass through the atmosphere and radiate heat to outer space, so it has a better self-radiation cooling effect. It can better cool the wind flow in the roof, better cool the room, and store cold in the phase change material in the wall. After the indoor temperature drops to the comfortable temperature for the human body, close the upper and lower air vents in the room; after the phase change material is completed, switch the outer surface of the roof to the solar heat reflective coating layer. It can better control the indoor temperature.

[0019] As the best improvement option, the roof is simultaneously provided with a solar collector panel, a sky radiation cooling paint layer, a roof outer surface switching control device and the solar heat reflecting paint layer. The roof outer surface switching control device is used to realize the switching control of the roof outer surface between the sky radiation cooling paint layer, the solar collector panel and the solar heat reflecting paint layer.

[0020] In this way, the switching control of the above-mentioned various working conditions can be better achieved and the temperature control effect can be improved.

[0021] Furthermore, the roof outer surface switching control device includes a plurality of regular triangular prisms arranged laterally along the roof, and among the three outer surfaces of each regular triangular prism along the length direction, one outer surface is provided with a solar collector, another outer surface is provided with a solar heat reflective paint layer, and the remaining outer surface is provided with a sky radiation cooling paint layer. The outer surfaces of each regular triangular prism facing the outside of the house are spliced ​​together to form the outer surface of the roof, and the center positions of the two ends of each regular triangular prism in the length direction can be rotatably installed on the roof, and a rotation control mechanism is also installed on the roof, and the rotation control mechanism is used to control the synchronous rotation of each regular triangular prism within a range of at least 240 degrees.

[0022] In this way, the rotation control mechanism controls the synchronous rotation of each regular triangular prism within a range of 240 degrees, and the solar collector panel or the solar heat reflective coating layer or the sky radiation cooling coating layer can be synchronously rotated to the outer surface through synchronous forward and reverse rotation to form the outer surface layer of the roof, thereby realizing the required heat storage or heat emission or cooling function switching control on the roof surface.

[0023] Furthermore, a plurality of U-shaped connecting pipes are provided at each end of the triangular prism, the connecting pipes are fixed on the roof and the ends of the connecting pipes are respectively connected to the axial positions of the ends of two adjacent triangular prisms, the ends of the connecting pipes can be rotatably inserted and installed in the triangular prism to form the rotating shaft of the triangular prism, and a vent is provided on the circumferential side surface of the end of the connecting pipe along the side outward of the roof, a reflective heat exchange channel is provided at a position adjacent to the inner side of the solar heat reflective coating layer inside the triangular prism, a heat collection heat exchange channel is provided at a position adjacent to the inner side of the solar collector panel, and a sky radiation cooling channel is provided at a position adjacent to the inner side of the solar heat collector panel. A cooling heat exchange channel is provided at an adjacent position on the inner side of the coating layer, and the ends of the reflective heat exchange channel, the heat collecting heat exchange channel and the cooling heat exchange channel are respectively closed and connected to a ventilation duct radially inward near the end position, and the ventilation duct is used to connect with the ventilation port when rotated to the outer side of the roof to form the roof air duct, and the connecting pipes at both ends of the triangular prism are staggered, and the end of the triangular prism on the roof farthest from the wall without the connecting pipe installed forms the air inlet, and the end of the triangular prism on the roof closest to the wall without the connecting pipe installed is connected to the wall air duct.

[0024] In this way, when the three outer sides of the triangular prism are rotated and located at the outer side of the roof, the corresponding heat exchange channels below them can be connected to the connecting pipes at both ends of the triangular prism to form an overall S-shaped roof duct that spirals back and forth, which is more convenient for the wind flow to achieve corresponding cooling or heating treatment in the roof duct. The solution cleverly uses the connecting pipe at the end of the triangular prism as a docking component between the triangular prism shaft and the duct, realizing the connection and switching of the duct while realizing the rotatable installation of the triangular prism. The structure is very clever and reliable.

[0025] Furthermore, a dynamic seal is provided between the outer end of the triangular prism and the end of the connecting pipe to better avoid air leakage.

[0026] Furthermore, the rotation control mechanism includes a driving wheel coaxially fixed at one end of any triangular prism at the axial center position, the driving wheel is connected to the output shaft of a control motor arranged on the roof, and also includes a synchronous connecting rod mechanism, the synchronous connecting rod mechanism includes a short connecting rod located at the same side end of each regular triangular prism, the short connecting rod is arranged along the end face direction of the triangular prism and one end is hinged to the outside of the connecting tube of the end face of the triangular prism, and the other end is fixed to a long connecting rod, and the moving path of the synchronous connecting rod mechanism when the triangular prism rotates does not overlap with the connecting tube.

[0027] In this way, the control motor controls a single triangular prism to rotate back and forth within an angle range of 240 degrees, and the synchronous connecting rod mechanism drives all the triangular prisms to realize synchronous rotation control, and the structure is simple, convenient and ingenious.

[0028] Furthermore, the control motor is connected to the control center to better realize the automatic control of the rotation of the triangular prism.

[0029] During implementation, the output shaft of the control motor can be connected to the driving wheel through a gear mechanism or a sprocket and chain mechanism, which are mature existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0030] In summary, the present invention can reduce energy loss while improving ventilation comfort, and is used for indoor ventilation control of houses. It can adapt to different environmental conditions in winter and summer, morning and evening, and has the advantage of better energy-saving and emission reduction effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the roof wall ventilation system of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the plan view of the triangular prism part of the separate roof.

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section of a single triangular prism.

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the two triangular prisms and the connecting tubes at their ends.

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 4 AA section view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Example 1: A roof wall ventilation system, see Figure 1-5 As shown, it includes a roof duct arranged on a roof 1 and a wall duct 3 arranged on a wall 2. An air inlet 4 is arranged at the upper end of the roof duct to communicate with the outdoors, and the lower end is connected to the wall duct 3. A lower air outlet 5 is arranged at the lower end of the wall duct 3 to communicate with the indoors. Its characteristic is that a solar heat reflective paint layer 6 is arranged on the outer surface of the roof 1, a phase change material layer 7 is arranged inside the wall and is adjacent to the wall duct, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material layer 7 is a temperature within the comfortable range for human bodies (usually in the range of 18-26°C).

[0038] In this way, since the solar heat reflective paint can reflect most of the solar heat, the reflective effect is better than that of mirror reflection. During the summer daytime, the sun is directly shining, and the outdoor ambient temperature is higher than the human body's comfortable temperature. The roof can reflect the sunlight very well by relying on the solar heat reflective paint layer, greatly reducing the roof temperature to below the ambient temperature. The incoming air flow first passes through the roof duct, initially cools down, and then passes downward through the wall duct, and is further absorbed by the phase change material and cooled before entering the room. A good cooling effect is achieved. During the summer nights, the outdoor ambient temperature is lower than the human body's comfortable temperature. When the incoming air flow passes through the wall duct, the phase change material releases heat and stores cold, raising the incoming air temperature to a comfortable temperature range for the human body. Therefore, this solution can achieve a temperature self-regulation effect, better improve the ventilation comfort of the house, and will not consume too much energy, saving energy and reducing emissions.

[0039] The phase change material layer 7 is composed of two layers arranged in parallel with a vertical spacing, a wall air duct 3 is formed between the two layers of phase change material, and the phase change temperatures of the two layers of phase change material are respectively the upper limit and the lower limit of the human body's comfortable temperature range.

[0040] This makes it easier to control the air intake to be within the upper and lower limits of human comfort temperature.

[0041] Among them, an air inlet fan is arranged at the air inlet 4 to better ensure the effect of active ventilation.

[0042] Among them, a filter module is also arranged at the air inlet 4 to better ensure the air filtering effect.

[0043] The upper end of the wall air duct 3 is also connected to an upper air outlet 8 which is in bypass communication with the indoor room. A first air valve is installed on the upper air outlet 8 , and a second air valve is installed on the wall air duct 3 .

[0044] In this way, when necessary (for example, the incoming air is just within the comfortable temperature range for the human body), the second air valve can be closed, the first air valve can be opened, and the air can be taken in from the top of the wall to reduce wind flow loss.

[0045] It also includes a control center 10, and temperature probes 11 are arranged on the outside of the roof, inside the roof air duct, inside the wall air duct and on the inner surface of the wall. The temperature probes are connected to the control center, and the control center is connected to the first air valve and the second air valve.

[0046] This allows for better temperature detection and control. For example, on a summer night, when it is detected that the outdoor temperature has quickly dropped below the human comfort temperature, while the indoor temperature is still above the human comfort temperature range, the air can be firstly controlled to be discharged from the upper air outlet to the room, so that the indoor temperature can be quickly reduced to the human comfort range, and then the air can be controlled to be discharged from the lower air outlet, so that the phase change material in the wall channel can release heat and store cold.

[0047] Among them, the roof is simultaneously provided with a solar collector panel 12, a sky radiation cooling paint layer 13, a roof outer surface switching control device and the solar heat reflecting paint layer 6. The roof outer surface switching control device is used to realize the switching control of the roof outer surface between the sky radiation cooling paint layer 13, the solar collector panel 12 and the solar heat reflecting paint layer 6.

[0048] In this way, the roof outer surface switching control device can be used to realize the switching control of the roof outer surface between the solar collector panel and the solar heat reflective coating layer. In winter, the roof outer surface is controlled to switch to the solar collector panel. In this way, when the sun directly shines outside during the day and the indoor temperature is lower than the human body's comfortable temperature range, the wind flow in the roof duct can be heated by the solar collector panel, and then the air is controlled to be discharged from the upper air outlet to the room first, so that the indoor temperature is quickly heated to the human body's comfortable temperature range, and then the air is controlled to be discharged from the lower air outlet, so that the phase change material in the wall channel can store heat. At night, the air duct is controlled to discharge air from the lower air outlet, and the phase change material in the wall channel can release heat to increase the outlet temperature, so as to better achieve indoor insulation.

[0049] At the same time, the roof outer surface switching control device can realize the switching control of the roof outer surface between the sky radiation cooling paint layer and the solar heat reflecting paint layer. So that on summer nights, the roof outer surface can be controlled to switch to the sky radiation cooling paint layer. The sky radiation cooling paint layer can radiate far infrared rays including the 8-13um band. The far infrared rays in this band can pass through the atmosphere and radiate heat to outer space, so it has a better self-radiation cooling effect. It can better cool the wind flow in the roof wind, better cool the room, and store cold in the phase change material in the wall. Until the indoor temperature drops to the comfortable temperature for the human body, close the upper and lower air vents in the room; after the phase change material is completed, switch the roof outer surface to the solar heat reflecting paint layer. It can better achieve indoor temperature control.

[0050] Therefore, the above structure can better realize the switching control of the above various working conditions and improve the temperature control effect.

[0051] Among them, the roof outer surface switching control device includes a plurality of regular triangular prisms 9 arranged laterally along the roof. Among the three outer surfaces of each regular triangular prism 9 along the length direction, one outer surface is provided with a solar collector 12, another outer surface is provided with a solar heat reflecting paint layer 6, and the remaining outer surface is provided with a sky radiation cooling paint layer 13. The outer surfaces of each regular triangular prism 9 facing the outside of the house are spliced ​​together to form the outer surface of the roof. The center positions of the two ends of each regular triangular prism 9 in the length direction can be rotatably installed on the roof. A rotation control mechanism is also installed on the roof. The rotation control mechanism is used to control the synchronous rotation of each regular triangular prism 9 within a range of at least 240 degrees.

[0052] In this way, the rotation control mechanism controls the synchronous rotation of each regular triangular prism within a range of 240 degrees, and the solar collector panel or the solar heat reflective coating layer or the sky radiation cooling coating layer can be synchronously rotated to the outer surface through synchronous forward and reverse rotation to form the outer surface layer of the roof, thereby realizing the required heat storage or heat emission or cooling function switching control on the roof surface.

[0053] Among them, a plurality of U-shaped connecting pipes 14 are also provided at both ends of the triangular prism, the connecting pipes 14 are fixed on the roof and the ends of the connecting pipes are respectively connected to the axial positions of the ends of two adjacent triangular prisms, the ends of the connecting pipes 14 can be rotatably inserted and installed in the triangular prism to form the rotating shaft of the triangular prism, and a vent 15 is opened on the circumferential side surface of the end of the connecting pipe 14 along the side outward of the roof, and a reflective heat exchange channel 16 is provided at a position adjacent to the inner side of the solar heat reflective coating layer 6 inside the triangular prism 9, and a heat collection heat exchange channel 22 is provided at a position adjacent to the inner side of the solar collector panel 12, and a sky radiation cooling channel 14 is provided at a position adjacent to the inner side of the solar heat reflective coating layer 6. A cooling heat exchange channel 23 is provided at an adjacent position on the inner side of the coating layer 13. The ends of the reflective heat exchange channel, the heat collection heat exchange channel and the cooling heat exchange channel are each designed to be closed and are radially connected to a ventilation duct 17 near the end. The ventilation duct 17 is used to connect with the ventilation port 15 when it is rotated to the outer side of the roof to form the roof air duct. The connecting pipes 14 at both ends of the triangular prism 9 are staggered, and the end of the triangular prism on the roof farthest from the wall without the connecting pipe installed forms the air inlet 4, and the end of the triangular prism on the roof closest to the wall without the connecting pipe installed is connected to the wall air duct 3.

[0054] In this way, when the three outer sides of the triangular prism are rotated and located at the outer side of the roof, the corresponding heat exchange channels below them can be connected to the connecting pipes at both ends of the triangular prism to form an overall S-shaped roof duct that spirals back and forth, which is more convenient for the wind flow to achieve corresponding cooling or heating treatment in the roof duct. The solution cleverly uses the connecting pipe at the end of the triangular prism as a docking component between the triangular prism shaft and the duct, realizing the connection and switching of the duct while realizing the rotatable installation of the triangular prism. The structure is very clever and reliable.

[0055] A dynamic seal is provided between the outer end of the triangular prism 9 and the end of the connecting pipe to better avoid air leakage.

[0056] Among them, the rotation control mechanism includes a driving wheel 18 coaxially fixedly installed at the axis position at one end of any triangular prism 9, and the driving wheel 18 is connected to the output shaft of a control motor (not shown in the figure) arranged on the roof. It also includes a synchronous connecting rod mechanism, which includes a short connecting rod 19 located at the same side end of each regular triangular prism. The short connecting rod 19 is arranged along the end face direction of the triangular prism and one end is hinged to the outside of the connecting tube of the end face of the triangular prism, and the other end is fixed to a long connecting rod 20. The moving path of the synchronous connecting rod mechanism when the triangular prism rotates does not overlap with the connecting tube.

[0057] In this way, the control motor controls a single triangular prism to rotate back and forth within an angle range of 240 degrees, and the synchronous connecting rod mechanism drives all the triangular prisms to realize synchronous rotation control, and the structure is simple, convenient and ingenious.

[0058] The control motor is connected to the control center 10 to better realize the automatic control of the rotation of the triangular prism.

[0059] During implementation, the output shaft of the control motor can be connected to the driving wheel through a gear mechanism or a sprocket and chain mechanism, which are mature existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0060] Example 2: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the outer surface of the triangular prism is provided with a solar heat collecting panel only on one side, and a solar heat reflecting coating layer is provided on the outer surface of the other side, and then the triangular prism can be controlled to rotate 120 degrees to switch between the two outer surfaces facing outward. The rest is the same as Example 1 and will not be described in detail.

[0061] Example 3: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the outer surface of the triangular prism is provided with a sky radiation cooling coating layer only on one side, and a solar heat reflecting coating layer is provided on the other side. Then, the triangular prism can be controlled to rotate 120 degrees to switch between the two outer surfaces facing outward. The rest is the same as Example 1 and will not be described in detail.

Claims

1. A roof wall ventilation system, comprising a roof duct arranged on the roof and a wall duct arranged on the wall, wherein the upper end of the roof duct is provided with an air inlet communicating with the outside, and the lower end is connected with the wall duct, and the lower end of the wall duct is provided with a lower air outlet communicating with the indoor room, characterized in that: The outer surface of the roof is provided with a solar heat reflecting paint layer, and the interior of the wall is provided with a phase change material layer adjacent to the wall air duct, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material layer is within the temperature range comfortable for human body.

2. The roof wall ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change material layer is two layers arranged in parallel with a vertical interval, a wall air duct is formed between the two layers of phase change material, and the phase change temperatures of the two layers of phase change material are respectively the upper limit and the lower limit of the human body comfortable temperature range.

3. The roof wall ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet fan is provided at the air inlet; A filter module is also provided at the air inlet.

4. The roof wall ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the wall air duct is also connected to an upper air outlet and communicates with the room through a bypass connection. A first air valve is installed on the upper air outlet, and a second air valve is installed on the wall air duct.

5. The roof wall ventilation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a control center. Temperature probes are arranged on the outside of the roof, inside the roof air duct, inside the wall air duct and on the inner surface of the wall. The temperature probes are connected to the control center, and the control center is connected to the first air valve and the second air valve.

6. The roof wall ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roof is also provided with a solar energy collector panel and a roof outer surface switching control device, and the roof outer surface switching control device is used to realize the switching control of the roof outer surface between the solar energy collector panel and the solar heat reflecting coating layer.

7. The roof wall ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roof is also provided with a sky radiation cooling paint layer and a roof outer surface switching control device, and the roof outer surface switching control device is used to realize the switching control of the roof outer surface between the sky radiation cooling paint layer and the solar heat reflecting paint layer.

8. The roof wall ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roof is simultaneously provided with a solar thermal collector panel, a sky radiation cooling paint layer, a roof outer surface switching control device and the solar heat reflecting paint layer. The roof outer surface switching control device is used to realize the switching control of the roof outer surface between the sky radiation cooling paint layer, the solar thermal collector panel and the solar heat reflecting paint layer.

9. The roof wall ventilation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The roof outer surface switching control device includes a plurality of regular triangular prisms arranged transversely along the roof, of which three outer surfaces along the length direction of each regular triangular prism are provided with a solar thermal collector on one outer surface, a solar heat reflective coating layer on another outer surface, and a sky radiation cooling coating layer on the remaining outer surface, the outer surfaces of each regular triangular prism facing the outside of the house are spliced ​​together to form the outer surface of the roof, the center positions of the two ends of each regular triangular prism in the length direction are rotatably mounted on the roof, and a rotation control mechanism is also installed on the roof, and the rotation control mechanism is used to control the synchronous rotation of each regular triangular prism within a range of at least 240 degrees.

10. The roof wall ventilation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: A plurality of U-shaped connecting pipes are also provided at both ends of the triangular prism, the connecting pipes are fixed on the roof and the ends of the connecting pipes are respectively connected to the axial positions of the ends of two adjacent triangular prisms, the ends of the connecting pipes can be rotatably inserted and installed in the triangular prism to form the rotating shaft of the triangular prism, and a vent is opened on the circumferential side surface of the end of the connecting pipe along the side outward of the roof, a reflecting heat exchange channel is provided at an adjacent position inside the solar heat reflecting coating layer inside the triangular prism, a heat collecting heat exchange channel is provided at an adjacent position inside the solar collector panel, and a cooling heat exchange channel is provided at an adjacent position inside the sky radiation cooling coating layer, the reflecting heat exchange channel, the heat collecting heat exchange channel and the cooling heat exchange channel are each designed to have closed ends at both ends and are connected to a ventilation duct radially inward near the end position, and the ventilation duct is used to connect with the ventilation port when rotating to the direction of the outer side surface of the roof and form the roof duct, the connecting pipes at both ends of the triangular prism are staggered, the end of the triangular prism at the farthest side of the roof from the wall without the connecting pipe installed forms the air inlet, and the end of the triangular prism closest to the wall without the connecting pipe installed is connected to the wall duct; A dynamic seal is provided between the outer end of the triangular prism and the end of the connecting pipe; The rotation control mechanism includes a driving wheel coaxially fixedly installed at the axis center position at one end of any triangular prism, the driving wheel is connected to the output shaft of a control motor arranged on the roof, and also includes a synchronous connecting rod mechanism, the synchronous connecting rod mechanism includes a short connecting rod located at the same side end of each regular triangular prism, the short connecting rod is arranged along the end face direction of the triangular prism and one end is hinged to the outside of the connecting tube of the end face of the triangular prism, and the other end is fixed to a long connecting rod, and the moving path of the synchronous connecting rod mechanism when the triangular prism rotates does not overlap with the connecting tube; The control motor is connected to a control center.

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