Broach structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of metal cutting machining tools, in particular to a broaching tool structure which comprises a high-speed steel broaching tool body, an alloy tool cylinder and a locking piece, the high-speed steel broaching tool body comprises a split part installation position, and the alloy tool cylinder and the locking piece are arranged on the split part installation position in a sleeving mode and locked through the locking piece. Calibration teeth are arranged on the high-speed steel broach body and the alloy broach cylinder. By adopting the technical scheme, the service life of the broach is prolonged, the machining precision of parts is improved, and the surface roughness of the parts is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of metal cutting tools, and particularly to a broach structure. Background Art

[0002] At present, the broaching of spline teeth of hot-pre-soft-tooth-blank gear internal spline parts is completed by an involute composite broach. A broach is a multi-tooth tool with high production efficiency and high precision. Its working principle is that in the process of linear broaching motion, the latter (or a group of) teeth of the broach are higher than the previous (or a group of) teeth, and the surplus is removed layer by layer to obtain the required machined surface.

[0003] The current involute composite broach is an integral structure of high-speed steel. Due to its performance reasons such as wear resistance, toughness, impact resistance, and thermal stability, there are problems such as low service life, uncontrollable dimensional accuracy of machined parts, and poor surface roughness of machined parts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a broach structure to extend the service life of the broach, improve the machining accuracy of parts, and reduce the surface roughness of parts.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: It includes a high-speed steel broach body, an alloy tool barrel, and a locking member. The high-speed steel broach body includes a split part installation position. The alloy tool barrel and the locking member are sleeved on the split part installation position and locked by the locking member. Calibration teeth are provided on both the high-speed steel broach body and the alloy tool barrel.

[0006] The technical effect of this solution is: The calibration tooth part is separated and combined. Part of it is retained on the high-speed steel broach body, and part of it is made into a split alloy tool barrel, and calibration teeth are formed on the alloy tool barrel. The calibration teeth are important teeth for the machining size and accuracy of parts. In this way, adding a part of the calibration teeth made of alloy material can improve the machining accuracy of parts, reduce the surface roughness such as scratches of parts, and extend the service life of the broach.

[0007] The alloy tool barrel has excellent wear resistance: Alloy broaches usually contain alloy elements such as tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium. These elements can improve the hardness and wear resistance of the broach. During the broaching process, the broach wears slowly and can maintain a sharp cutting edge for a long time, thus ensuring the stability of the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the machined parts.

[0008] Good toughness and impact resistance: The alloy broach has appropriate toughness and can withstand the impact and vibration during the broaching process. When encountering situations such as uneven hardness of part materials or changes in machining allowances, it is not easy to crack or break, ensuring the continuity and stability of machining, which is beneficial to improving the quality of parts.

[0009] High thermal stability: During the broaching process, the friction between the broach and the workpiece generates a large amount of heat, causing the temperature of the broach to rise. The alloy broach can maintain good thermal stability at high temperatures, and its hardness and strength will not decrease significantly due to the temperature increase, thus maintaining good cutting performance.

[0010] Precise dimensional accuracy and stability: During the manufacturing process of the alloy broach, through precise machining processes and strict quality control, the dimensional accuracy and stability of the tool itself can be guaranteed. This enables precise control of the dimensions and shapes of the workpieces during machining, meeting the high-precision requirements of the products.

[0011] Good cutting performance: The material properties of the alloy broach endow it with good cutting performance. During the broaching process, it can achieve efficient and stable cutting, reducing the generation of cutting force and cutting heat, which is beneficial to improving the surface quality and machining accuracy of the workpieces.

[0012] Preferably, as an improvement, it further includes a connecting guide sleeve, which is sleeved on the split part installation position and is clamped with the high-speed steel broach body and the alloy cutter barrel.

[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, the high-speed steel broach body further includes guide teeth, and both the alloy cutter barrel and the high-speed steel broach body are provided with key grooves at the guide teeth; the connecting guide sleeve includes a collar and key bars fixed at both ends of the collar, and the key bars are clamped in the key grooves.

[0014] The technical effect of this solution is: to ensure that the guide teeth and the calibration teeth on the alloy cutter barrel are on the same straight line.

[0015] Preferably, as an improvement, it further includes a floating washer, which is sleeved on the split part installation position and is locked by a locking member.

[0016] The technical effect of this solution is: the floating washer can prevent the axial movement of the alloy cutter barrel.

[0017] Preferably, as an improvement, the floating washer can rotate within a range of ≤5μm.

[0018] The technical effect of this solution is: to ensure that the calibration teeth of the alloy cutter barrel are not easily chipped during broaching.

[0019] Preferably, as an improvement, the locking member is a nut, and the number of nuts is two, which are respectively used for the clearance adjustment and locking of the floating washer.

[0020] The technical effect of this solution is: the two nuts can not only ensure the locking of the floating washer but also set a clearance for the floating washer to rotate.

[0021] Preferably, as an improvement, the calibration teeth on the alloy cutter barrel are 3 - 4 rows, and the remaining calibration teeth are retained on the high-speed steel broach body.

[0022] Preferably, as an improvement, the high-speed steel broach body, the connecting guide sleeve, the alloy tool cylinder, the floating washer, and the nut are provided with coatings.

[0023] Preferably, as an improvement, the high-speed steel broach body further includes a neck. Holes are provided at both the neck and the split part mounting position. A channel is provided at the axis of the high-speed steel broach body to communicate the two holes. A connecting rod is rotatably arranged in the channel. Both ends of the connecting rod are fixedly connected with a dial. Each dial is located at one of the holes. The floating washer is sleeved on the split part mounting position provided with the hole. A dial groove is provided along the axial direction of the inner side wall of the floating washer. The dial extends into the dial groove and is clamped with the dial groove.

[0024] The technical effect of this solution is that during the broaching process, in order to avoid the chipping of the calibration teeth when the floating washer rotates, the floating washer will drive the dial and the connecting rod at the split part mounting position to rotate, thereby driving the dial at the neck to rotate; when the broach is broached, the arc-shaped jaws under the machine tool will hold the neck tightly and apply a dragging force to move the broach downward. By providing a groove on the inner side wall of the jaws and a pressure sensor on the side wall of the groove, the dial at the neck extends into the groove, and the pressure sensor is connected to the power source for applying the dragging force of the machine tool through the controller; when the rotation of the dial at the neck exceeds the set range, it will squeeze the pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor will transmit a signal to the controller, and the controller will control the power source to provide an upward thrust to make the broach withdraw, thereby preventing the damage of the broach.

[0025] Moreover, a large amount of heat will be generated during the broaching process. The channel helps to dissipate the heat. A better heat dissipation effect can reduce the working temperature of the broach, reduce the tool wear and accuracy decline caused by thermal deformation, extend the service life of the broach, and is also beneficial to improving the quality of the machined parts.

[0026] In addition, after the broaching is completed, the power source under the machine tool will push the broach upward to withdraw from the part. Subsequently, the jaws above the machine tool will take over and hold the upper end of the broach and continue to move upward under the action of the upper power source until it stops; then the operator removes the part and holds a water spray gun to wash the residual metal chips on the broach. To wash it clean, the operator needs to wash the broach from multiple angles, which greatly affects the washing efficiency; after adopting this solution, since the hole in the neck is located at the lower end of the broach and the upper end of the broach is held by the jaws above the machine tool, when washing, the water sprayed by the water spray gun enters the hole in the neck and impacts the broach to shake, so that the metal chips on the broach fall off, that is, by using the "water intake" phenomenon of the hole, there is no need to wash from multiple angles, and washing the broach in one direction can achieve the previous multi-angle washing effect, improving the cleaning efficiency and the part processing efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1Explosion diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Three-dimensional schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is Figure 2 Partial enlarged view at A in

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram with omissions of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] The following is a further detailed description through specific implementation manners:

[0032] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification include: high-speed steel broach body 1, connecting guide sleeve 2, alloy cutter barrel 3, floating washer 4, locking member 5, calibration teeth 6, dial groove 7, hole 8, dial piece 9, connecting rod 10.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] Embodiment 1 is basically as shown in the attached Figures 1 - 3 as Figure 2 , 3 shown: A broach structure as shown in

[0035] as Figure 1 shown, the high-speed steel broach body 1 includes a shank, a neck, a transition cone, a front guide part, cutting teeth, guide teeth and a split part mounting position. The connecting guide sleeve 2, the alloy cutter barrel 3, the floating washer 4 and the locking member 5 are sequentially sleeved on the split part mounting position and locked by the locking member 5. Calibration teeth 6 are formed on both the high-speed steel broach body 1 and the alloy cutter barrel 3. The calibration teeth 6 on the alloy cutter barrel 3 are 3 - 4 rows, and in this embodiment, they are 3 rows, and the remaining calibration teeth 6 are retained on the high-speed steel broach body 1.

[0036] The connecting guide sleeve 2 is clamped with the high-speed steel broach body 1 and the alloy cutter barrel 3. Specifically, key grooves are opened at the guide teeth of both the alloy cutter barrel 3 and the high-speed steel broach body 1; the connecting guide sleeve 2 includes a collar and key strips integrally formed at both ends of the collar, and the key strips are clamped in the key grooves.

[0037] The locking member 5 is a nut, and the number of nuts is two, which are respectively used for gap adjustment and locking of the floating washer 4. The gap adjustment enables the floating washer 4 to have a rotational range of ≤5 μm radially.

[0038] Embodiment 2

[0039] as Figure 4As shown, the high-speed steel broach body 1 further includes a neck, and holes 8 are provided at both the neck and the split part mounting position. A channel is opened along the axis of the high-speed steel broach body 1, and the channel communicates with the two holes 8. A connecting rod 10 is rotatably arranged in the channel. Sliders 9 are welded to both ends of the connecting rod 10, and the two sliders 9 are respectively located at one hole 8. The floating washer 4 is sleeved at the split part mounting position where the hole 8 is opened. A slider groove 7 is axially opened on the inner side wall of the floating washer 4. The slider 9 extends into the slider groove 7 and is clamped with the slider groove 7.

[0040] The above are only embodiments of the present invention. Specific technical solutions and / or common knowledge such as characteristics well known in the art are not described in detail herein. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application should be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A broach structure, characterized in that: It includes a high-speed steel broach body, an alloy knife barrel and a locking piece. The high-speed steel broach body includes a split part installation position. The alloy knife barrel and the locking piece are sleeved on the split part installation position and locked by the locking piece. Calibration teeth are provided on the high-speed steel broach body and the alloy knife barrel.

2. The broach structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a connecting guide sleeve, which is arranged at the installation position of the split component and is clamped with the high-speed steel broach body and the alloy knife barrel.

3. The broach structure according to claim 2, wherein: The high-speed steel broach body also includes guide teeth, and the alloy knife barrel and the high-speed steel broach body are both provided with keyways at the guide teeth; the connecting guide sleeve includes a collar and key strips fixed at both ends of the collar, and the key strips are clamped in the keyways.

4. The broach structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a floating washer, which is sleeved on the installation position of the split component and locked by a locking component.

5. The broach structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The floating washer can rotate within a range of ≤5μ.

6. The broach structure according to claim 5, wherein: The locking piece is a nut, and there are two nuts, which are used for gap adjustment and locking of the floating washer respectively.

7. The broach structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are 3-4 rows of calibration teeth on the alloy blade barrel, and the remaining calibration teeth are retained on the high-speed steel broach body.

8. A broach structure according to claim 7, wherein: The high-speed steel broach body, connecting guide sleeve, alloy knife barrel, floating washer and nut are provided with coating.

9. A broach structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The high-speed steel broach body also includes a neck, and holes are provided at the neck and the split-part installation position. A channel is provided at the axis of the high-speed steel broach body to connect the two holes. A connecting rod is rotatably arranged in the channel, and paddles are fixedly connected at both ends of the connecting rod. The paddles are each located in a hole, and a floating washer is sleeved at the split-part installation position with holes. A paddle groove is provided along the axial direction of the inner side wall of the floating washer, and the paddle extends into the paddle groove and is engaged with the paddle groove.

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