Integrated laser, laser output method and lithotripsy method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an integrated laser, a laser output method and a lithotripsy method, the integrated laser comprising: a first laser generating structure for outputting a first laser and an excitation light; the second laser generating structure is located on the propagation path of the exciting light, and the exciting light can excite the second laser generating structure to output second laser after entering the second laser generating structure; the laser output structure is provided with a first output channel and a second output channel, and the laser output structure is positioned on a propagation path of the first laser and the second laser; the laser output structure can adjust the proportion of the first laser and the second laser output by the first output channel and the second output channel. The first laser generating structure and the second laser generating structure use the same pumping source, so that the structure of the integrated laser is simpler.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of lasers, and further relates to an integrated laser, a laser output method, and a lithotripsy method. Background Art

[0002] Since the birth of laser technology, with its advantages of high brightness, good directivity, good monochromaticity, and high collimation, it has played an important role in scientific and research fields such as industry, communication, medical treatment, aerospace, optical storage, and military, promoting the rapid development of various fields. Correspondingly, the extensive application of laser technology in various fields has also posed new challenges to laser technology.

[0003] With the continuous development of technology, the application of laser technology in the medical field has developed rapidly, especially the 2um band fiber laser has become a research hotspot. Water molecules are the main components of biological tissues, and the absorption coefficient of lasers with different wavelengths is an important factor affecting the laser biological thermal effect. Since water molecules absorb up to 600cm of the 2um band laser -1 , which is 6 orders of magnitude higher than that of the visible light band, it can achieve a relatively shallow tissue penetration depth and good hemostatic effect.

[0004] Using a fiber doped with thulium or holmium as the gain medium of the laser can achieve laser output in the 1.9 - 2.2um band. According to the different gain media used, the laser can be divided into a holmium laser and a thulium laser. Among them, the holmium laser uses a fiber doped with holmium as the gain medium of the laser, and the thulium laser uses a fiber doped with thulium as the gain medium of the laser. Currently, the holmium laser is the mainstream used for laser lithotripsy, but the holmium laser may have a lithotripsy storm phenomenon during lithotripsy, making it difficult to aim at the stone by quickly moving the endoscope again, affecting the lithotripsy effect. The thulium laser is also used for lithotripsy, but the pulse instantaneous pressure it generates is small, and the lithotripsy effect is poor.

[0005] In summary, the above two types of lasers have been widely used in the field of lithotripsy, but there are certain problems in the application process. How to improve the laser to enhance the lithotripsy effect is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated laser, a laser output method, and a lithotripsy method. The first laser generating structure can generate a first excitation light while generating a first laser, and the excitation light can excite the second laser generating structure to generate a second laser. That is to say, the first laser generating structure and the second laser generating structure use the same pump source, making the structure of the integrated laser simpler.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the object of the present invention is to provide an integrated laser, comprising:

[0008] A first laser generation structure for outputting a first laser and an excitation light;

[0009] A second laser generation structure located on the propagation path of the excitation light, and after the excitation light enters the second laser generation structure, it can excite the second laser generation structure to output a second laser;

[0010] A laser output structure having a first output channel and a second output channel, the laser output structure being located on the propagation paths of the first laser and the second laser, and the laser output structure can adjust the ratio of the first laser and the second laser output by the first output channel and the second output channel.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first laser generation structure comprises:

[0012] A first doped optical fiber;

[0013] A first high-reflection grating;

[0014] A first low-reflection grating, which is disposed opposite to the first high-reflection grating to form a first laser resonator, and at least a part of the first doped optical fiber is located in the first laser resonator;

[0015] A pump source connected to the first doped optical fiber for pumping the first doped optical fiber;

[0016] An optical fiber coupler coupled to the first doped optical fiber for splitting the laser in the first doped optical fiber into the first laser and the excitation light.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first laser generation structure further comprises a first forward combiner and / or a first reverse combiner. The first forward combiner is located on the side where the first high-reflection grating is provided, and the first reverse combiner is located on the side where the first low-reflection grating is provided. The first forward combiner and the first reverse combiner are respectively used for combining the light emitted by at least two pump sources into the first doped optical fiber.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first forward combiner is used for combining the light emitted by two pump sources into the first doped optical fiber, and the first reverse combiner is used for combining the light emitted by four pump sources into the first doped optical fiber.

[0019] In some embodiments, the first laser generating structure further includes a first cladding light filter disposed between the first reverse combiner and the fiber coupler, and the first cladding light filter is configured to filter out the residual pump light in the cladding of the first doped fiber.

[0020] In some embodiments, the second laser generating structure includes:

[0021] A second doped fiber, and the excitation light can enter the second doped fiber from one end of the second doped fiber and excite the second doped fiber to generate the second laser;

[0022] A second high-reflection grating;

[0023] A second low-reflection grating, the second low-reflection grating is disposed opposite to the second high-reflection grating and forms a second laser resonator, and at least a part of the second doped fiber is located in the second laser resonator.

[0024] In some embodiments, the second laser generating structure further includes a second cladding light filter disposed on the second doped fiber, and the second cladding light filter is configured to filter out the residual pump light in the cladding of the second doped fiber.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first doped fiber is doped with thulium as a gain medium for generating the first laser with a wavelength of 1.9 μm;

[0026] The second doped fiber is doped with holmium as a gain medium for generating the second laser with a wavelength of 2 μm.

[0027] In some embodiments, the laser output structure includes a first half-wave plate, a second half-wave plate, a first mirror, and a polarization beam splitter. The first laser passes through the first half-wave plate and is reflected by the first mirror to the polarization beam splitter. When the first laser passes through the polarization beam splitter, a part of it is reflected and emitted through the first output channel, and the other part passes through the polarization beam splitter and is emitted through the second output channel;

[0028] After the second laser passes through the second half-wave plate, a part of it passes through the polarization beam splitter and is emitted through the first output channel, and the other part is reflected and emitted through the second output channel.

[0029] In some embodiments, the laser output structure further includes a second mirror, and the second mirror is disposed on the light propagation path in the second output channel for changing the propagation direction of the light in the second output channel so that the propagation directions of the light in the second output channel and the first output channel are the same.

[0030] In some embodiments, the laser output structure further includes a first collimating lens, a second collimating lens, a first focusing lens, and a second focusing lens. The first laser propagates to the first half-wave plate after passing through the first collimating lens, and the second laser propagates to the second half-wave plate after passing through the second collimating lens;

[0031] The light propagating into the first output channel passes through the first focusing lens and then exits outward;

[0032] The light propagating into the second output channel passes through the second focusing lens and then exits outward.

[0033] According to another aspect of the present application, a laser output method of a laser is further provided, including:

[0034] Receiving a first laser and a second laser;

[0035] Guiding the first laser to pass through a first half-wave plate, then reflecting it to a polarization beam splitter through a first mirror, and reflecting a part of the first laser to a first output channel through the polarization beam splitter, and transmitting the other part into a second output channel;

[0036] Guiding the second laser to pass through a second half-wave plate and then propagating it to the polarization beam splitter, and reflecting a part of the second laser to the second output channel through the polarization beam splitter, and transmitting the other part into the first output channel.

[0037] In some embodiments, the laser output method of the laser further includes:

[0038] Guiding the light in the second output channel through a second mirror to change the propagation direction of the light in the second output channel so that the propagation directions of the light in the first output channel and the second output channel are the same.

[0039] In some embodiments, in the laser output method of the laser, before receiving the first laser and the second laser, it further includes:

[0040] Outputting the first laser and an excitation light through a first laser generation structure;

[0041] Guiding the first excitation light to a second doped optical fiber to excite the second doped optical fiber to generate the second laser.

[0042] In some embodiments, before receiving the first laser and the second laser, it further includes:

[0043] Pumping a first doped optical fiber by at least one first pump source to generate the first laser;

[0044] Pump a second doped optical fiber by at least one second pump source to generate the second laser.

[0045] According to another aspect of the present application, there is further provided a lithotripsy method using the integrated laser described in the above embodiments, including:

[0046] Adjust the laser output structure so that the first output channel or the second output channel outputs a laser with a first preset wavelength for pre-lithotripsy, so that the stone absorbs a preset energy and cracks appear;

[0047] Adjust the laser output structure so that the first output channel or the second output channel outputs a laser with a second preset wavelength for lithotripsy;

[0048] Wherein, the energy of the laser with the first preset wavelength is greater than the energy of the laser with the second preset wavelength.

[0049] In some embodiments, the wavelength of the laser with the first preset wavelength is greater than the wavelength of the laser with the second preset wavelength; or, the proportion of the laser with a longer wavelength included in the laser with the first preset wavelength is greater than the proportion of the laser with the same longer wavelength included in the laser with the second preset wavelength.

[0050] In some embodiments, the laser with the first preset wavelength is a holmium laser, and the laser with the second preset wavelength is a thulium laser; or, the proportion of the holmium laser included in the laser with the first preset wavelength is higher than the proportion of the holmium laser included in the laser with the second preset wavelength.

[0051] Beneficial effects:

[0052] 1. The first laser generation structure can generate a first excitation light while generating a first laser. The excitation light can excite the second laser generation structure to generate a second laser. That is to say, the first laser generation structure and the second laser generation structure use the same pump source, making the structure of the integrated laser simpler;

[0053] 2. The laser output structure can adjust the output ratio of the first laser and the second laser to achieve the output of a dual-wavelength combined laser with different power ratios or a single-wavelength laser output, realizing the dual use of one machine;

[0054] 3. By using the forward combiner and the backward combiner to combine the light emitted by multiple pump sources to the doped optical fiber, the power of the output laser can be increased. On the other hand, setting the forward combiner and the backward combiner on both sides of the thulium gain medium doped part of the doped optical fiber can increase the power of the pump light in two directions, avoiding excessive power caused by increasing power in a single direction;

[0055] 4. Both the first laser generation structure and the second laser generation structure have their own pump sources, that is to say, the first laser generation structure and the second laser generation structure use different pump sources, which can make it more convenient for users to select the light source of the laser. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] The above characteristics, technical features, advantages and their implementation manners of the present invention will be further described below in a clear and understandable manner in conjunction with the drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0057] Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of an integrated laser provided by the present application;

[0058] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first laser generation structure of the integrated laser provided by the present application;

[0059] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second laser generation structure of the integrated laser provided by the present application;

[0060] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser output structure of the integrated laser provided by the present application;

[0061] Figure 5 is a schematic block diagram of a split laser provided by the present application;

[0062] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first laser generation structure of the split laser provided by the present application;

[0063] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second laser generation structure of the split laser provided by the present application;

[0064] Figure 8 is a flowchart of a laser output method of a laser provided by the present application;

[0065] Figure 9 is a flowchart of a laser generation method of an embodiment of a laser output method of a laser provided by the present application;

[0066] Figure 10 is a flowchart of a laser generation method of another embodiment of a laser output method of a laser provided by the present application;

[0067] Figure 11 is a flowchart of a lithotripsy method using an integrated laser provided by the present application.

[0068] REFERENCE NUMERALS IN THE DRAWINGS

[0069] The first laser generating structure 10, the first laser 11, the excitation light 12, the first doped optical fiber 13, the first arm 131, the second arm 132, the first high reflection grating 14, the first low reflection grating 15, the pump source 16, the fiber coupler 17, the first laser resonator 18, the first forward combiner 191, the first reverse combiner 192, the first cladding light filter 193;

[0070] The second laser generating structure 20, the second laser 21, the second doped optical fiber 22, the second high reflection grating 23, the second low reflection grating 24, the second laser resonator 25, the second cladding light filter 26;

[0071] The laser output structure 30, the first output channel 31, the second output channel 32, the first half-wave plate 33, the second half-wave plate 34, the first reflector 35, the polarization beam splitter 36, the second reflector 37, the first collimating lens 381, the second collimating lens 382, the first focusing lens 383, the second focusing lens 384;

[0072] The first laser generating structure 10A, the first pump source 11A, the first doped optical fiber 12A, the first laser 13A, the first high reflection grating 14A, the first low reflection grating 15A, the first laser resonator 16A, the first forward combiner 17A, the first reverse combiner 18A, the first cladding light filter 19A;

[0073] The second laser generating structure 20A, the second pump source 21A, the second doped optical fiber 22A, the second laser 23A, the second high reflection grating 24A, the second low reflection grating 25A, the second laser resonator 26A, the second forward combiner 27A, the second reverse combiner 28A, the second cladding light filter 29A. Detailed implementation manners

[0074] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts, and other implementation manners can also be obtained.

[0075] To make the drawings concise, only the parts related to the invention are schematically shown in each drawing, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. Additionally, to make the drawings concise and easy to understand, in some drawings, components with the same structure or function are only schematically shown as one of them, or only one of them is marked. In this document, "one" not only means "only this one", but also can mean "more than one" situation.

[0076] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the specification and appended claims of the present application refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0077] In this context, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0078] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0079] Referring to the attached Figures 1 to 4 specification, the present application provides an integrated laser, and the integrated laser includes a first laser generation structure 10, a second laser generation structure 20, and a laser output structure 30. The first laser generation structure 10 is configured to output a first laser 11 and an excitation light 12; the second laser generation structure 20 is located on the propagation path of the excitation light 12, and after the excitation light 12 enters the second laser generation structure 20, the second laser generation structure 20 can be excited to output a second laser 21; the laser output structure 30 has a first output channel 31 and a second output channel 32, the laser output structure 30 is located on the propagation paths of the first laser 11 and the second laser 21, and the laser output structure 30 can adjust the ratio of the first laser 11 and the second laser 21 output by the first output channel 31 and the second output channel 32.

[0080] In the integrated laser provided by the present application, the first laser generation structure 10 can generate a first excitation light 12 while generating a first laser 11, and the excitation light 12 can excite the second laser generation structure 20 to generate a second laser 22. That is to say, the first laser generation structure 10 and the second laser generation structure 20 both use the same pump source, making the structure of the integrated laser provided by the present application simpler.

[0081] Furthermore, in the integrated laser provided by the present application, the laser output structure 30 can adjust the output ratio of the first laser 11 and the second laser 22 to achieve the adjustment of the output of dual-wavelength combined lasers with different power ratios or the output of single-wavelength lasers, realizing dual functions with one machine.

[0082] Reference Figure 2 , specifically, the first laser generating structure 10 includes a first doped optical fiber 13, a first high-reflection grating 14, a first low-reflection grating 15, a pump source 16, and an optical fiber coupler 17. The first high-reflection grating 14 and the first low-reflection grating 15 are oppositely arranged to form a first laser resonator 18, and at least a part of the first doped optical fiber 13 is located in the first laser resonator 18; the pump source 16 is connected to the first doped optical fiber 13 for pumping the first doped optical fiber 13; the optical fiber coupler 17 is coupled to the first doped optical fiber 13 for splitting the laser in the first doped optical fiber 13 into the first laser 11 and the excitation light 12.

[0083] The first doped optical fiber 13 is split into a first arm 131 and a second arm 132 by the optical fiber coupler 17. The first arm 131 has a low transmittance, and the first laser 11 is output from the first arm 131; the second arm 132 has a high transmittance, and the excitation light 12 is output from the second arm 132. It should be noted that the high or low transmittance of the first arm 131 and the second arm 132 is the result of comparison between the two, and the specific transmittance value is not limited.

[0084] Exemplarily, the output optical fiber of the pump source 16 is 105 / 125, NA is 0.22, and it can output an output laser of 793 nm. Exemplarily, the first high-reflection grating is a 1.94um high-reflection grating, with a central wavelength of 1.9438um, a bandwidth of 1.36nm, and a reflectivity of 99.76%. Exemplarily, the first low-reflection grating is a 1.94um low-reflection grating, with a central wavelength of 1.9425um, a bandwidth of 0.25nm, and a reflectivity of 11.47%. Exemplarily, the input optical fiber of the optical fiber coupler 17 is 10 / 130, and the coupling ratio is 75:25.

[0085] Preferably, the part of the first doped optical fiber 13 located in the first laser resonator 18 is a thulium-doped polarization-maintaining optical fiber with a diameter of 10 / 130 and an NA of 0.76 / 0.46, which is used to generate spontaneous emission light in the 1.9um band and ensure good linear polarization. That is to say, the part of the first doped optical fiber 13 doped with thulium gain medium is located in the first laser resonator 18.

[0086] Reference Figure 2, the first laser generation structure 10 further includes a first forward combiner 191 and / or a first reverse combiner 192. The first forward combiner 191 is located on the side where the first high-reflection grating 14 is provided, and the first reverser 192 is located on the side where the first low-reflection grating 15 is provided, specifically on both sides of the thulium-doped polarization-maintaining fiber of the first doped fiber 13, or on both sides of the thulium-doped gain medium part of the first doped fiber 13. The first forward combiner 191 and the first reverse combiner 192 are respectively used to combine the light emitted by at least two of the pump sources 16 into the first doped fiber 13.

[0087] It should be noted that through the first forward combiner 191 and the first reverse combiner 192, the light emitted by multiple pump sources 16 can be combined into the first doped fiber 13, which can increase the power of the output laser. On the other hand, arranging the first forward combiner 191 and the first reverse combiner 192 on both sides of the thulium-doped gain medium part of the first doped fiber 13 can increase the power of the pump light in two directions, avoiding excessive power caused by increasing the power in a single direction.

[0088] Exemplarily, the first forward combiner 191 is used to combine the light emitted by two of the pump sources 16 into the first doped fiber 13, and the first reverse combiner 192 is used to combine the light emitted by four of the pump sources 16 into the first doped fiber 13. It can be understood that in some variant embodiments, the ratio of the number of pump sources 16 corresponding to the first forward combiner 191 and the first reverse combiner 192 can also be ratios such as 1:1, 1:2, or 1:3, etc. The number of pump sources 16 respectively corresponding to the two should not constitute a limitation to this application.

[0089] Exemplarily, the pump input fiber of the first forward combiner 191 is 105 / 125, NA is 0.22, and the output fiber is 10 / 130, NA is 0.075 / 0.46. The pump input fiber of the first reverse combiner 192 is 105 / 125, NA is 0.22, and the output fiber is 10 / 130, NA is 0.075 / 0.46.

[0090] Preferably, the pump source 16 is an LD pump source.

[0091] Reference Figure 2 , the first laser generation structure 10 further includes a first cladding light filter 193 disposed between the first reverse combiner 192 and the fiber coupler 17. The first cladding light filter 193 is used to filter the residual pump light in the cladding of the first doped fiber 13. Exemplarily, the input fiber of the cladding light filter 193 is 10 / 130, and the signal gain intensity is 20 dB.

[0092] Reference Figure 3 Figure 3 , the second laser generating structure 20 includes a second doped optical fiber 22, a second high reflection grating 23, and a second low reflection grating 24. One end of the second doped optical fiber 22 is connected to the second arm 132 of the first doped optical fiber 13, and the excitation light 12 can enter the second doped optical fiber 22 from one end of the second doped optical fiber 22 and excite the second doped optical fiber 22 to generate the second laser 21; the second low reflection grating 24 and the second high reflection grating 23 are oppositely arranged to form a second laser resonant cavity 25, and at least a part of the second doped optical fiber 22 is located in the second laser resonant cavity 25.

[0093] Preferably, the preset position of the second doped optical fiber 22 is a holmium-doped polarization-maintaining optical fiber with a diameter of 10 / 130, an NA of 0.13 / 0.46, and is used to generate spontaneous emission light in the 2um band. Specifically, the part of the holmium-doped polarization-maintaining optical fiber of the second doped optical fiber 22 is located in the second laser resonant cavity 25, that is, the part of the second doped optical fiber 22 doped with a holmium gain medium is located in the second laser resonant cavity 25.

[0094] Reference Figure 3 Figure 3 , the second laser generating structure 20 further includes a second cladding light filter 26 disposed on the second doped optical fiber 22, and the second cladding light filter 26 is used to filter the pump light remaining in the cladding of the second doped optical fiber 22.

[0095] Exemplarily, the first high reflection grating is a 1.94um high reflection grating with a central wavelength of 1.9438um, a bandwidth of 1.36nm, and a reflectivity of 99.76%. Exemplarily, the first low reflection grating is a 1.94um low reflection grating with a central wavelength of 1.9425um, a bandwidth of 0.25nm, and a reflectivity of 11.47%. Exemplarily, the input optical fiber of the second cladding light filter 26 is 10 / 130, and the signal gain intensity is 20dB.

[0096] Reference Figure 4 Figure 4 , the laser output structure 30 includes a first half-wave plate 33, a second half-wave plate 34, a first mirror 35, and a polarization beam splitter 36. The first laser 11 passes through the first half-wave plate 33 and is reflected by the first mirror 35 to the polarization beam splitter 36. When the first laser 11 passes through the polarization beam splitter 36, a part of it is reflected and emitted through the first output channel 31, and the other part passes through the polarization beam splitter 36 and is emitted through the second output channel 32. After the second laser 21 passes through the second half-wave plate 34, a part of it passes through the polarization beam splitter 36 and is emitted through the first output channel 31, and the other part is reflected and emitted through the second output channel 32.

[0097] In the present application, through the mutual cooperation among the first half-wave plate 33, the second half-wave plate 34, and the polarization beam splitter 36, the ratio of the first laser 11 and the second laser 21 passing through and transmitting through the polarization beam splitter 36 can be adjusted, so as to change the ratio of the first laser 11 and the second laser 21 in the first output channel 31 and the second output channel 32, and realize the function of adjusting and outputting a dual-wavelength combined laser or a single-wavelength laser output with different power ratios. Specifically, by adjusting the first half-wave plate 33, the ratio of the first laser 11 passing through and transmitting through the polarization beam splitter 36 is changed; by adjusting the second half-wave plate 34, the ratio of the second laser 21 passing through and transmitting through the polarization beam splitter 36 is changed.

[0098] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the laser output structure 30 further includes a second reflector 37. The second reflector 37 is disposed on the light propagation path in the second output channel 32 and is used to change the propagation direction of the light in the second output channel 32, so that the propagation directions of the light in the second output channel 32 and the first output channel 31 are the same. It should be noted that when the propagation directions of the light in the first output channel 31 and the second output channel 32 are the same, the laser can be more convenient for the operator to use. It can be understood that in some variant embodiments, the propagation directions of the light in the first output channel 31 and the second output channel 32 can also have a certain angle, which should not constitute a limitation to the present application.

[0099] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the laser output structure 30 further includes a first collimating lens 381, a second collimating lens 382, a first focusing lens 383, and a second focusing lens 384. The first laser 11 passes through the first collimating lens 381 and then propagates to the first half-wave plate 33, and the second laser 21 passes through the second collimating lens 382 and then propagates to the second half-wave plate 34; the light propagating into the first output channel 31 passes through the first focusing lens 383 and then exits outward; the light propagating into the second output channel 32 passes through the second focusing lens 384 and then exits outward. The first collimating lens 381 and the second collimating lens 382 are respectively used to collimate the lasers output by the corresponding optical fibers, so that the light is output in parallel. The first focusing lens 383 and the second focusing lens 384 are used to focus the corresponding lasers into the output optical fibers, and the corresponding output optical fibers serve as the corresponding laser output ports.

[0100] Exemplarily, the focal lengths of the first collimating lens 381 and the second collimating lens 382 are 10 mm, the diameters are 12.5 mm, and the thicknesses are 4 mm. The first half-wave plate 33 and the second half-wave plate 34 are both zero-order half-wave plates with a diameter of 12.5 mm. The diameters of the first reflector 35 and the second reflector 37 are 12.5 mm, and they are coated with an anti-reflection film with a thickness of 1.9 - 2.1 μm and a reflectivity of 99.9%. The shape of the polarization beam splitter 36 is preferably a cube with a length of 15 mm and an extinction ratio of 10 -6 。

[0101] Reference Figures 5 to 7 , according to another aspect of the present application, the present application further provides a split laser, which includes a first laser generation structure 10A, a second laser generation structure 20A, and a laser output structure 30. The first laser generation structure 10A includes at least one first pump source 11A, and the at least one first pump source 11A is used to generate a first laser 13A; the second laser generation structure 20A includes at least one second pump source 21A, and the at least one second pump source 21A is used to generate a second laser 23A; the laser output structure 30 has a first output channel 31 and a second output channel 32, the laser output structure 30 is located on the propagation paths of the first laser 13A and the second laser 23A, and the laser output structure 30 can adjust the ratio of the first laser 13A and the second laser 23A output by the first output channel 31 and the second output channel 32.

[0102] The first laser generation structure 10A further includes a first doped optical fiber 12A, and the at least one first pump source 11A is used to pump the first doped optical fiber 12A to generate the first laser 13A. The second laser generation structure 20A further includes a second doped optical fiber 22A, and the at least one second pump source 21A is used to pump the second doped optical fiber 22A to generate the second laser 23A.

[0103] The difference between the split-type laser provided in this embodiment and the integrated laser provided in the above embodiment is that the first laser generation structure 10A and the second laser generation structure 20A in this embodiment each have their own pump source. That is to say, the first laser generation structure 10A and the second laser generation structure 20A use different pump sources, which can make it more convenient for users to select the light source of the laser. For example, when only the first laser 13A needs to be used, the second laser generation structure 20A can be turned off; when only the second laser 23A needs to be used, the first laser generation structure 10A can be turned off; when the first laser 13A and the second laser 23A need to be output in cooperation, the first laser generation structure 10A and the second laser generation structure 20A are both turned on, and the ratio of the first laser 13A and the second laser 23A output by the first output channel 31 and the second output channel 32 is adjusted through the laser output structure 30.

[0104] Reference Figure 6 , the first laser generation structure 10A further includes a first high reflector grating 14A and a first low reflector grating 15A. The first low reflector grating 15A is disposed opposite to the first high reflector grating 14A to form a first laser resonator 16A. At least a part of the first doped optical fiber 12A is located in the first laser resonator 16A. The part of the first doped optical fiber 12A located in the first laser resonator 16A is a thulium-doped polarization-maintaining optical fiber with a diameter of 10 / 130 and an NA of 0.76 / 0.46, which is used to generate spontaneous emission light in the 1.9um band and ensure good linear polarization. That is to say, the part of the first doped optical fiber 12A doped with thulium gain medium is located in the first laser resonator 16A.

[0105] Reference Figure 6 , the first laser generation structure 10A further includes a first forward combiner 17A and / or a first backward combiner 18A. The first forward combiner 17A is located on the side where the first high reflector grating 14A is provided, and the first backward combiner 18A is located on the side where the first low reflector grating 15A is provided. The first forward combiner 17A and the first backward combiner 18A are respectively used to combine the light emitted by at least two of the first pump sources 11A into the first doped optical fiber 12A.

[0106] It should be noted that through the first forward combiner 17A and the first reverse combiner 18A, the light emitted by multiple first pump sources 11A can be combined into the first doped fiber 12A, which can increase the power of the output laser. On the other hand, by respectively arranging the first forward combiner 17A and the first reverse combiner 18A on both sides of the thulium-doped gain medium part of the first doped fiber 12A, the power of the pump light can be increased in two directions, avoiding excessive power caused by increasing power in a single direction.

[0107] Exemplarily, the first forward combiner 17A is used to combine the light emitted by two first pump sources 11A into the first doped fiber 12A, and the first reverse combiner 17A is used to combine the light emitted by four first pump sources 11A into the first doped fiber 12A. It can be understood that in some variant embodiments, the ratio of the number of the first pump sources 11A corresponding to the first forward combiner 17A and the first reverse combiner 18A can also be ratios such as 1:1, 1:2 or 1:3, etc. The number of the first pump sources 11A respectively corresponding to the two should not constitute a limitation to this application.

[0108] Exemplarily, for the first forward combiner 17A, the pump input fiber is 105 / 125, NA is 0.22, and the output fiber is 10 / 130, NA is 0.075 / 0.46. For the first reverse combiner 18A, the pump input fiber is 105 / 125, NA is 0.22, and the output fiber is 10 / 130, NA is 0.075 / 0.46.

[0109] Reference Figure 7 Furthermore, the second laser generation structure 20A further includes a second high reflection grating 24A and a second low reflection grating 25A. The second low reflection grating 25A is oppositely arranged to the second high reflection grating 24A to form a second laser resonator 26A, and at least a part of the second doped fiber 22A is located in the second laser resonator 26A. Preferably, the preset position of the second doped fiber 22A is a holmium-doped polarization-maintaining fiber with a diameter of 10 / 130 and an NA of 0.13 / 0.46, which is used to generate spontaneous emission light in the 2um band. Specifically, the part of the holmium-doped polarization-maintaining fiber of the second doped fiber 22A is located in the second laser resonator 26A, that is to say, the part of the second doped fiber 22A doped with holmium gain medium is located in the second laser resonator 26A.

[0110] Reference Figure 7, the second laser generation structure 20A further includes a second forward combiner 27A and / or a second backward combiner 28A. The second forward combiner 27A is located on the side where the second high reflection grating 24A is provided, and the second backward combiner 28A is located on the side where the second low reflection grating 25A is provided. The second forward combiner 27A and the second backward combiner 28A are respectively used to combine the light emitted by at least two of the second pump sources 21A into the second doped optical fiber 22A.

[0111] It should be noted that through the second forward combiner 27A and the second backward combiner 28A, the light emitted by multiple second pump sources 21A can be combined into the second doped optical fiber 22A, which can increase the power of the output laser. On the other hand, by respectively arranging the second forward combiner 27A and the second backward combiner 28A on both sides of the thulium-doped gain medium part of the second doped optical fiber 22A, the power of the pump light can be increased in two directions, avoiding excessive power caused by increasing power in a single direction.

[0112] Exemplarily, the second forward combiner 27A is used to combine the light emitted by two of the second pump sources 21A into the second doped optical fiber 22A, and the second backward combiner 27A is used to combine the light emitted by four of the first pump sources 21A into the second doped optical fiber 22A. It can be understood that in some modified embodiments, the ratio of the number of the second pump sources 21A corresponding to the second forward combiner 27A and the second backward combiner 28A can also be 1:1, 1:2 or 1:3, etc. The number of the second pump sources 21A respectively corresponding to the two should not constitute a limitation to this application.

[0113] Exemplarily, the pump input optical fiber of the second forward combiner 27A is 105 / 125, NA is 0.22, and the output optical fiber is 10 / 130, NA is 0.075 / 0.46. The pump input optical fiber of the second backward combiner 28A is 105 / 125, NA is 0.22, and the output optical fiber is 10 / 130, NA is 0.075 / 0.46.

[0114] Reference Figure 6 , the first laser generation structure 10A further includes a first cladding light filter 19A disposed on the first doped optical fiber 12A, and the first cladding light filter 19A is used to filter the residual pump light in the cladding of the first doped optical fiber 12A. Reference Figure 7 , the second laser generation structure 20A further includes a second cladding light filter 29A disposed on the second doped optical fiber 22A, and the second cladding light filter 29A is used to filter the residual pump light in the cladding of the second doped optical fiber 22A.

[0115] The structure of the laser output module 30 is the same as that of the laser output module 30 described in the above embodiment, and will not be elaborated here.

[0116] Reference Figures 8 to 10 , according to another aspect of the present application, a laser output method 100 of a laser is further provided, including:

[0117] Step 101: Receive a first laser 11 (13A) and a second laser 21 (23A);

[0118] Step 102: Guide the first laser 11 (13A) to pass through a first half-wave plate 33, and then reflect it to a polarization beam splitter 36 through a first mirror 35. By means of the polarization beam splitter 36, a part of the first laser 11 is reflected to a first output channel 31, and the other part is transmitted and then enters a second output channel 32;

[0119] Step 103: Guide the second laser 21 (23A) to pass through a second half-wave plate 34 and then propagate to the polarization beam splitter 36. By means of the polarization beam splitter 36, a part of the second laser 21 is reflected to the second output channel 32, and the other part is transmitted and then enters the first output channel 31.

[0120] In the present application, through the mutual cooperation between the first half-wave plate 33, the second half-wave plate 34 and the polarization beam splitter 36, the passing and transmitting ratios of the first laser 11 (13A) and the second laser 21 (23A) when passing through the polarization beam splitter 36 can be adjusted, so as to change the ratios of the first laser 11 (13A) and the second laser 21 (23A) in the first output channel 31 and the second output channel 32, and the function of adjusting the output of dual-wavelength combined laser or single-wavelength laser output with different power ratios is realized. Specifically, by adjusting the first half-wave plate 33, the passing and transmitting ratios of the polarization beam splitter 36 to the first laser 11 (13A) are changed; by adjusting the second half-wave plate 34, the passing and transmitting ratios of the polarization beam splitter 36 to the second laser 21 (23A) are changed.

[0121] Furthermore, the laser output method of the laser further includes:

[0122] Step 104: Guide the light in the second output channel 32 through a second mirror 37 to change the propagation direction of the light in the second output channel 32, so that the propagation directions of the light in the first output channel 31 and the second output channel 32 are the same.

[0123] Reference Figure 9, further, in the laser output method of the laser, before receiving the first laser 11 (13A) and the second laser 21 (23A), it further includes:

[0124] Step 105: Output the first laser 11 (13A) and an excitation light 12 through a first laser generation structure 10;

[0125] Step 106: Guide the first excitation light 12 to a second doped optical fiber 22 to excite the second doped optical fiber 22 to generate the second laser 21 (23A).

[0126] The implementation structure of the above steps 105 and 106 refers to the integrated laser described in the above embodiment one.

[0127] Reference Figure 10 , in some embodiments, in the laser output method of the laser, before receiving the first laser 11 and the second laser 21, it further includes:

[0128] Step 105A: Pump a first doped optical fiber 12A by at least one first pump source 11A to generate the first laser 13A;

[0129] Step 106A: Pump a second doped optical fiber 22A by at least one second pump source 21A to generate the second laser 23A.

[0130] The implementation structure of the above steps 105A and 106A refers to the split laser described in the above embodiment two.

[0131] Reference Figure 11 , according to another aspect of the present application, the present application further provides a lithotripsy method 200 using the integrated laser described in the above embodiment one or the split laser described in the above embodiment two, including:

[0132] Step 201: Adjust the laser output structure 30 so that the first output channel 31 or the second output channel 32 outputs a laser with a first preset wavelength for pre-lithotripsy, so that the stone absorbs preset energy and cracks appear;

[0133] Step 202: Adjust the laser output structure 30 so that the first output channel 31 or the second output channel 32 outputs a laser with a second preset wavelength for lithotripsy;

[0134] Wherein, the energy of the laser with the first preset wavelength is greater than the energy of the laser with the second preset wavelength.

[0135] In the above-described gravel method, the wavelength of the laser with the first preset wavelength is greater than that of the laser with the second preset wavelength; or, the proportion of the laser with a longer wavelength included in the laser with the first preset wavelength is greater than the proportion of the same laser with a longer wavelength included in the laser with the second preset wavelength.

[0136] Preferably, the laser with the first preset wavelength is a holmium laser, and the laser with the second preset wavelength is a thulium laser; or, the proportion of the holmium laser included in the laser with the first preset wavelength is higher than the proportion of the holmium laser included in the laser with the second preset wavelength.

Claims

1. An integrated laser, characterized in that, Comprising: A first laser generation structure for outputting a first laser and an excitation light; A second laser generation structure located on the propagation path of the excitation light, and after the excitation light enters the second laser generation structure, it can excite the second laser generation structure to output a second laser; A laser output structure having a first output channel and a second output channel, the laser output structure being located on the propagation paths of the first laser and the second laser, and the laser output structure can adjust the ratio of the first laser and the second laser output by the first output channel and the second output channel.

2. The integrated laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first laser generation structure includes: A first doped optical fiber; A first high reflection grating; A first low reflection grating, the first low reflection grating is disposed opposite to the first high reflection grating and forms a first laser resonant cavity, and at least a part of the first doped optical fiber is located in the first laser resonant cavity; A pump source connected to the first doped optical fiber for pumping the first doped optical fiber; An optical fiber coupler coupled to the first doped optical fiber for splitting the laser in the first doped optical fiber into the first laser and the excitation light.

3. The integrated laser according to claim 2, characterized in that The first laser generation structure further includes a first forward combiner and / or a first reverse combiner. The first forward combiner is located on the side provided with the first high reflection grating, and the first reverse combiner is located on the side provided with the first low reflection grating. The first forward combiner and the first reverse combiner are respectively used for combining the light emitted by at least two pump sources into the first doped optical fiber.

4. The integrated laser according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first laser generation structure further includes a first cladding light filter disposed between the first reverse combiner and the optical fiber coupler, and the first cladding light filter is used for filtering the residual pump light in the cladding of the first doped optical fiber.

5. The integrated laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second laser generation structure includes: A second doped optical fiber, the excitation light can enter the second doped optical fiber from one end of the second doped optical fiber and excite the second doped optical fiber to generate the second laser; A second high reflection grating; A second low reflection grating, the second low reflection grating is disposed opposite to the second high reflection grating and forms a second laser resonant cavity, and at least a part of the second doped optical fiber is located in the second laser resonant cavity.

6. The integrated laser according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second laser generation structure further includes a second cladding light filter disposed on the second doped optical fiber, and the second cladding light filter is used for filtering the residual pump light in the cladding of the second doped optical fiber.

7. The integrated laser according to claim 5, wherein The first doped optical fiber is doped with thulium as a gain medium for generating the first laser with a wavelength of 1.9 μm; The second doped optical fiber is doped with holmium as a gain medium for generating the second laser with a wavelength of 2 μm.

8. The integrated laser according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The laser output structure includes a first half-wave plate, a second half-wave plate, a first reflector, and a polarization beam splitter. The first laser passes through the first half-wave plate and is reflected by the first reflector to the polarization beam splitter. When the first laser passes through the polarization beam splitter, a part of it is reflected and emitted through the first output channel, and the other part passes through the polarization beam splitter and is emitted through the second output channel. After the second laser passes through the second half-wave plate, a part of it passes through the polarization beam splitter and is emitted through the first output channel, and the other part is reflected and emitted through the second output channel.

9. The integrated laser according to claim 8, characterized in that, The laser output structure further includes a second reflector disposed on the light propagation path in the second output channel for changing the propagation direction of the light in the second output channel so that the propagation directions of the light in the second output channel and the first output channel are the same.

10. The integrated laser according to claim 9, wherein The laser output structure further includes a first collimating lens, a second collimating lens, a first focusing lens, and a second focusing lens. The first laser passes through the first collimating lens and then propagates to the first half-wave plate, and the second laser passes through the second collimating lens and then propagates to the second half-wave plate. The light propagating into the first output channel passes through the first focusing lens and is emitted outward. The light propagating into the second output channel passes through the second focusing lens and is emitted outward.

11. A laser output method of a laser, characterized in that, Includes: Receiving a first laser and a second laser; Guiding the first laser to pass through a first half-wave plate, then being reflected by a first reflector to a polarization beam splitter, and by the polarization beam splitter, reflecting a part of the first laser to a first output channel and transmitting the other part into a second output channel; Guiding the second laser to pass through a second half-wave plate and then propagating to the polarization beam splitter, and by the polarization beam splitter, reflecting a part of the second laser to the second output channel and transmitting the other part into the first output channel.

12. The laser output method of the laser according to claim 11, wherein Further includes: Guiding the light in the second output channel through a second reflector to change the propagation direction of the light in the second output channel so that the propagation directions of the light in the first output channel and the second output channel are the same.

13. The laser output method of the laser according to claim 11, wherein Before receiving the first laser and the second laser, further includes: Outputting the first laser and an excitation light by a first laser generation structure; Guiding the first excitation light to a second doped optical fiber to excite the second doped optical fiber to generate the second laser.

14. The laser output method of the laser according to claim 11, wherein Before receiving the first laser and the second laser, further includes: Pumping a first doped optical fiber by at least one first pump source to generate the first laser; Pumping a second doped optical fiber by at least one second pump source to generate the second laser.

15. A method for lithotripsy using the integrated laser according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, Includes: Adjusting the laser output structure so that the first output channel or the second output channel outputs a laser with a first preset wavelength for pre-lithotripsy, so that the stone absorbs preset energy and appears cracked; Adjusting the laser output structure so that the first output channel or the second output channel outputs a laser with a second preset wavelength for lithotripsy. Among them, the energy of the laser with the first preset wavelength is greater than the energy of the laser with the second preset wavelength.

16. The lithotripsy method using an integrated laser according to claim 15, characterized in that, The wavelength of the laser with the first preset wavelength is greater than that of the laser with the second preset wavelength; or, the proportion of the laser with a longer wavelength included in the laser with the first preset wavelength is greater than the proportion of the laser with the same longer wavelength included in the laser with the second preset wavelength.

17. The lithotripsy method using an integrated laser according to claim 16, characterized in that, The laser with the first preset wavelength is a holmium laser, and the laser with the second preset wavelength is a thulium laser; or, the proportion of the holmium laser included in the laser with the first preset wavelength is higher than the proportion of the holmium laser included in the laser with the second preset wavelength.

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