Flexible digital energy storage system of integrated solid-state circuit breaker and control method of flexible digital energy storage system

Abstract

The invention provides a flexible digital energy storage system of an integrated solid-state circuit breaker and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of energy management, the flexible digital energy storage system comprises a plurality of energy storage modules connected in series, each energy storage module comprises a first energy storage unit, a switching circuit and two energy storage circuits, the two energy storage circuits are connected in series through the switching circuit, the energy storage circuit comprises a switch branch and an energy storage branch which are connected in parallel, the switch branch is provided with two switch units which are connected in series, the energy storage branch is provided with an energy storage unit, the two ends of the first energy storage unit are connected with the switch connecting ends of the two energy storage circuits respectively, and the switch connecting ends are the connecting ends of the two switch units on the switch branch; the solid-state circuit breaker is connected to an output branch of the flexible digital energy storage system; and the processing module is respectively connected with the control end of the switching circuit, the control end of each switching unit and the control end of the solid-state circuit breaker. According to the flexible digital energy storage system, the abnormal energy storage unit can be cut off from the working branch of the energy storage system, and the safety and the reliability are high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy management technology, and in particular to a flexible digital energy storage system integrated with a solid-state circuit breaker and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As humanity's understanding of the environment and sustainable development continues to deepen, global demand for sustainable energy continues to increase. The integration of a high proportion of renewable energy has brought challenges to the safe and stable operation of the power system. Energy storage is of great significance to maintaining the power quality of the power grid and improving the reliability of the power system. It has become the focus of attention in today's world.

[0003] However, differences in internal characteristics between batteries and battery inconsistencies are common in battery energy storage systems, leading to problems such as overcharging, over-discharging, and heat accumulation. Current energy storage systems use a fixed series connection for battery modules. To ensure system safety and prevent thermal runaway, the entire system enters a protection (shutdown) state if any battery module fails. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application proposes a flexible digital energy storage system integrated with a solid-state circuit breaker and a control method thereof.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a flexible digital energy storage system integrated with a solid-state circuit breaker, comprising: Multiple energy storage modules connected in series, each comprising a first energy storage unit, a switch circuit, and two energy storage circuits, wherein the two energy storage circuits are connected in series via the switch circuit, the energy storage circuit comprising a switch branch and an energy storage branch connected in parallel, the switch branch being provided with two switch units in series, the energy storage branch being provided with an energy storage unit, the two ends of the first energy storage unit being respectively connected to the switch connection ends of the two energy storage circuits, the switch connection ends being the connection ends of the two switch units on the switch branch; A solid-state circuit breaker connected to a transmission branch of the flexible digital energy storage system, the solid-state circuit breaker being adapted to control the on / off switching between the flexible digital energy storage system and a load or a power grid by switching the solid-state circuit breaker itself on and off; A processing module, wherein the processing module is respectively connected to the control end of the switching circuit, the control end of each switching unit and the control end of the solid-state circuit breaker, and the processing module is used to control the conduction state of the switching circuit, each switching unit and the solid-state circuit breaker.

[0006] In one embodiment, the two energy storage circuits include a first energy storage circuit and a second energy storage circuit; the first energy storage circuit includes a first switch unit, a second switch unit, and a second energy storage unit; the switch circuit includes a third switch unit and a fourth switch unit; the second energy storage circuit includes a fifth switch unit, a sixth switch unit, and a third energy storage unit; wherein the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are MOS transistors, and the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are connected to a common source or a common drain; The positive terminal of the second energy storage unit is connected to the first end of the first switch unit, the second end of the first switch unit is respectively connected to the first end of the second switch unit and the positive terminal of the first energy storage unit, the second end of the second switch unit is respectively connected to the first end of the third switch unit and the negative terminal of the second energy storage unit, the second end of the third switch unit is connected to the first end of the fourth switch unit, the second end of the fourth switch unit is respectively connected to the first end of the fifth switch unit and the positive terminal of the third energy storage unit, the second end of the fifth switch unit is connected to the first end of the sixth switch unit and the negative terminal of the first energy storage unit, and the second end of the sixth switch unit is connected to the negative terminal of the third energy storage unit.

[0007] In one embodiment, when the second switch unit and the sixth switch unit are in an on state, the first energy storage unit and the second energy storage unit are connected to a working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system; When the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are in the on state, the second energy storage unit and the third energy storage unit are connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system; When the first switch unit and the fifth switch unit are in the on state, the first energy storage unit and the third energy storage unit are connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system; When the second switch unit and the fifth switch unit are in the on state, the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit and the third energy storage unit are all connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system; When the first switch unit and the sixth switch unit are in the on state, the first energy storage unit is connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system.

[0008] In one embodiment, the flexible digital energy storage system further comprises: a monitoring module, the monitoring module being configured to monitor operating parameters of each energy storage unit; The processing module is also connected to the monitoring module, and the processing module is also used to control the conduction state of each switching unit according to the working parameters of each energy storage unit so that the flexible digital energy storage system maintains a normal working state; when it is determined that the flexible digital energy storage system cannot maintain a normal working state by controlling the conduction state of each switching unit, the solid-state circuit breaker is controlled to disconnect.

[0009] In one embodiment, the processing module is further configured to: Inputting the operating parameters of each of the energy storage units into a trained long short-term memory neural network model and a random forest regression model, obtaining the SOC parameter output by the long short-term memory neural network model and the SOH parameter output by the random forest regression model; The conduction state of each of the switch units is controlled according to the acquired SOC parameter and SOH parameter.

[0010] In one embodiment, the monitoring module includes: at least one of a voltage sensing component, a current sensing component, and a temperature sensing component; The voltage sensing component is used to monitor the operating voltage of each of the energy storage units and send the voltage monitoring result to the processing module; The current monitoring component is used to monitor the operating current of each energy storage unit and send the current monitoring result to the processing module; The temperature monitoring component is used to monitor the operating temperature of each of the energy storage units and send the temperature monitoring results to the processing module.

[0011] In one embodiment, the processing module is further configured to: When the operating parameters of the energy storage unit are outside the corresponding preset normal range, determining that the energy storage unit is an abnormal energy storage unit; The conduction state of each switch unit is controlled according to each abnormal energy storage unit, so as to cut off each abnormal energy storage unit from the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system.

[0012] In one embodiment, the processing module is further configured to: Determining the target number of connected energy storage units and the operating state of the flexible digital energy storage system according to the operating parameters of each of the energy storage units; Determine a target energy storage unit according to the SOH parameters of each energy storage unit, and sort the energy storage units according to the SOC parameters of each energy storage unit; When it is determined that the flexible digital energy storage system is in a discharging state, controlling the first N target energy storage units sorted in descending order of power to be connected to a working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system, where N is the target number of connected units; When it is determined that the flexible digital energy storage system is in a charging state, the first N target energy storage units sorted in ascending order of power are controlled to be connected to a working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system.

[0013] In one embodiment, the monitoring module includes: the current sensing component; the processing module is further configured to: Obtaining a current difference between an output current of the flexible digital energy storage system and a target current; When the current difference is greater than zero, adjusting the conduction state of each of the switch units to reduce the number of energy storage units connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system; When the current difference is less than zero, the conduction state of each of the switch units is adjusted to increase the number of energy storage units connected to the working branches of the flexible digital energy storage system.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a control method for a flexible digital energy storage system, which is applied to the flexible digital energy storage system as described in the first aspect, wherein the flexible digital energy storage system includes a monitoring module, which is used to monitor the operating parameters of each energy storage unit in the flexible digital energy storage system; the control method includes: Obtaining operating parameters of each of the energy storage units; Controlling the conduction state of the switch circuit and each of the switch units according to the operating parameters of each of the energy storage units, so that the flexible digital energy storage system maintains a normal working state; When it is determined that the flexible digital energy storage system cannot maintain a normal working state by controlling the conduction state of each of the switch units, the solid-state circuit breaker is controlled to be disconnected.

[0015] The flexible digital energy storage system integrated with a solid-state circuit breaker in this application has the following advantages over related technologies: 1. The energy storage module of the present application includes a first energy storage unit, a switching circuit, and two energy storage circuits. The two energy storage circuits are connected in series via the switching circuit. The energy storage circuit includes a switch branch and an energy storage branch connected in parallel. The switch branch is provided with two switch units connected in series, and the energy storage branch is provided with an energy storage unit. The two ends of the first energy storage unit are respectively connected to the switch connection ends of the two energy storage circuits, and the switch connection ends are the connection ends of the two switch units on the switch branch. The processing module can control the on and off of each switch unit and the switch circuit to control the working branch of the corresponding energy storage unit access digital energy storage system, so that when a single energy storage unit is in an abnormal state, the abnormal energy storage unit can be removed from the working branch of the energy storage system without affecting the operation of other energy storage units, thereby ensuring that the energy storage system can operate normally, reducing the impact of the energy storage system on the single energy storage unit, and improving the safety and reliability of the energy storage system.

[0016] 2. The flexible digital energy storage system of the present application only needs to turn on two switching units or the switching circuit to control the connection of at least two energy storage units to the working branch of the energy storage system. Therefore, the flexible digital energy storage system has fewer structures through which current flows when it is working. The flexible digital energy storage system of the present application has lower switching loss, which can significantly reduce the energy loss of the flexible digital energy storage system and improve the reliability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a flexible digital energy storage system integrated with a solid-state circuit breaker in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of an energy storage module in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of an energy storage module in another embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a half-bridge structure in related art; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a three-switch structure in the related art; Figure 6 This is a flowchart of short-circuit fault judgment and processing in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 This is a flowchart of over-temperature abnormality judgment and processing in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the flow of balanced control of a flexible digital energy storage system in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the flow of output power control of a flexible digital energy storage system in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 10 This is a principle block diagram of a flexible digital energy storage system in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of a flow chart of a control method for a flexible digital energy storage system in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a flexible digital energy storage system with an integrated solid-state circuit breaker, comprising: a plurality of energy storage modules 1 connected in series, a processing module 2 and a solid-state circuit breaker 3 (SSCB).

[0021] Energy storage module 1 includes a first energy storage unit B1, a switching circuit 11, and two energy storage circuits 12. The two energy storage circuits 12 are connected in series via switching circuit 11. Energy storage circuit 12 includes a parallel switch branch and an energy storage branch. The switch branch is equipped with two switch units S connected in series, and the energy storage branch is equipped with an energy storage unit B. The two ends of the first energy storage unit B1 are respectively connected to the switch connection ends of the two energy storage circuits 12. The switch connection ends are the connection ends of the two switch units S on the switch branches. The two connection ends of the switch branch and the energy storage branch serve as the input and output ends of the energy storage circuit 12. The input end of one energy storage circuit 12 serves as the input end of the energy storage module 1, and the output end of the other energy storage circuit 12 serves as the output end of the energy storage module 1.

[0022] The solid-state circuit breaker 3 is connected to the transmission branch of the flexible digital energy storage system. The solid-state circuit breaker 3 is suitable for controlling the connection and disconnection between the flexible digital energy storage system and the load or the power grid by its own connection and disconnection.

[0023] The processing module 2 is connected to the control end of the switch circuit 11 , the control end of each switch unit S and the control end of the solid-state circuit breaker 3 respectively, and is used to control the conduction state of the switch circuit 11 , each switch unit S and the solid-state circuit breaker 3 .

[0024] The energy storage unit is a fundamental component of the entire energy storage system and can be composed of lithium-ion batteries. Lithium batteries are an ideal choice due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and low self-discharge rate. These lithium battery cells not only efficiently store energy but also exhibit excellent discharge performance, making them suitable for use in various scenarios with high energy density and efficiency requirements. The switch unit S in the embodiments of the present application can utilize switching elements such as MOS transistors and IGBTs. For example, the switch unit S can utilize SiC-MOSFET (silicon carbide metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) switches. The switch unit S can be switched on and off based on control signals from the processing module 2, dynamically adjusting the electrical connection between the energy storage units. By switching these switch units at high speed, the system can configure various energy storage unit combinations, such as series and parallel, thereby optimizing energy distribution and utilization. Furthermore, this silicon carbide-based switch array features high switching speed, high-temperature stability, and low conduction losses, ensuring efficient system operation while significantly reducing energy loss and improving system reliability.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, for the convenience of explanation, the switch units of the two energy storage circuits 12 are marked as S1, S2, S3 and S4 respectively, the first energy storage unit is B1, and the energy storage units in the two energy storage circuits 12 are the second energy storage unit B2 and the third energy storage unit B3. It can be understood that when S2 and S4 are turned on, the first energy storage unit B1 and the second energy storage unit B2 are connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system. When the switch circuit 11 is turned on, the second energy storage unit B2 and the third energy storage unit B3 are connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system. When S1 and S3 are turned on, the first energy storage unit B1 and the third energy storage unit B3 are connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system. When S2 and S3 are turned on, the first energy storage unit B1, the second energy storage unit B2 and the third energy storage unit B3 are all connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system. The flexible digital energy storage system of the present application only needs to turn on two switching units S or turn on the switching circuit 11 to control the connection of at least two energy storage units to the working branch of the energy storage system. Therefore, the flexible digital energy storage system has fewer structures through which current flows when it is working. The flexible digital energy storage system of the present application has lower switching loss, which can significantly reduce the energy loss of the flexible digital energy storage system and improve the reliability of the system.

[0026] The flexible digital energy storage system includes multiple series-connected energy storage modules 1 and a processing module 2. The energy storage module 1 includes a first energy storage unit B1, a switch circuit 11, and two energy storage circuits 12. The two energy storage circuits 12 are connected in series via the switch circuit 11. The energy storage circuit 12 includes a parallel switch branch and an energy storage branch. The switch branch is provided with two series-connected switch units S, and the energy storage branch is provided with an energy storage unit B. The two ends of the first energy storage unit B1 are respectively connected to the switch connection ends of the two energy storage circuits 12, and the switch connection ends are the connection ends of the two switch units S on the switch branch. The processing module 2 can control the on and off of each switch unit S and the switch circuit 11 to control the corresponding energy storage unit's access to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system. Therefore, when a single energy storage unit is in an abnormal state, the abnormal energy storage unit can be removed from the working branch of the energy storage system without affecting the operation of other energy storage units, ensuring the normal operation of the energy storage system, reducing the impact of the energy storage system on the energy storage unit, and improving the safety and reliability of the energy storage system.

[0027] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 As shown, the two energy storage circuits 12 include a first energy storage circuit 121 and a second energy storage circuit 122; the first energy storage circuit 121 includes a first switch unit S11, a second switch unit S12, and a second energy storage unit B2, the switch circuit 11 includes a third switch unit S21 and a fourth switch unit S22, and the second energy storage circuit 122 includes a fifth switch unit S31, a sixth switch unit S32, and a third energy storage unit B3; wherein the third switch unit S21 and the fourth switch unit S22 are MOS tubes, and the third switch unit S21 and the fourth switch unit S22 are connected to a common source or a common drain.

[0028] The positive terminal of the second energy storage unit B2 is connected to the first end of the first switch unit S11, the second end of the first switch unit S11 is respectively connected to the first end of the second switch unit S12 and the positive terminal of the first energy storage unit B1, the second end of the second switch unit S12 is respectively connected to the first end of the third switch unit S21 and the negative terminal of the second energy storage unit B2, the second end of the third switch unit S21 is connected to the first end of the fourth switch unit S22, the second end of the fourth switch unit S22 is respectively connected to the first end of the fifth switch unit S31 and the positive terminal of the third energy storage unit B3, the second end of the fifth switch unit S31 is connected to the first end of the sixth switch unit S32 and the negative terminal of the first energy storage unit B1, and the second end of the sixth switch unit S32 is connected to the negative terminal of the third energy storage unit B3.

[0029] It should be noted that due to the presence of the parasitic diode, when the switch circuit 11 includes a single MOS transistor, the second energy storage unit B2 and the third energy storage unit B3 are connected in series. The voltage of the second and third energy storage units B2 and B3 connected in series is often higher than that of the first energy storage unit B1. In this case, the first energy storage unit B1 cannot discharge. Similarly, when the first energy storage unit B1 is charged, the second and third energy storage units B2 and B3 are also charged.

[0030] The third and fourth switch units S21 and S22 are connected to a common source or drain, enabling bidirectional disconnection. This prevents the second and third energy storage units B2 and B3 from being connected in series when the third and fourth switch units S21 and S22 are disconnected. This prevents accidental connection between energy storage units and improves system reliability.

[0031] Based on the previous embodiment, in one embodiment, when the second switch unit S12 and the sixth switch unit S32 are in the on state, the first energy storage unit B1 and the second energy storage unit B2 are connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system. When the third switch unit S21 and the fourth switch unit S22 are in the on state, the second energy storage unit B2 and the third energy storage unit B3 are connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system. When the first switch unit S11 and the fifth switch unit S31 are in the on state, the first energy storage unit B1 and the third energy storage unit B3 are connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system. When the second switch unit S12 and the fifth switch unit S31 are in the on state, the first energy storage unit B1, the second energy storage unit B2, and the third energy storage unit B3 are all connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system. When the first switch unit S11 and the sixth switch unit S32 are in the on state, the first energy storage unit B1 is connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system.

[0032] In the related art, the energy storage module adopts a half-bridge structure or a three-switch structure. Figure 4 As shown, corresponding to the half-bridge structure, when controlling the energy storage unit B1' and the energy storage unit B2' to be connected to the working branch of the energy storage system, the three switch units S11', S21' and S32' need to be turned on. When controlling the energy storage unit B1' and the energy storage unit B3' to be connected to the working branch of the energy storage system, the three switch units S11', S22' and S31' need to be turned on. When controlling the energy storage unit B2' and the energy storage unit B3' to be connected to the working branch of the energy storage system, the half-bridge structure needs to turn on the three switch units S12', S21' and S31'. When controlling the energy storage unit B1', the energy storage unit B2' and the energy storage unit B3' to be connected to the working branch of the energy storage system, the half-bridge structure needs to turn on the three switch units S11', S21' and S31'. As Figure 5As shown, corresponding to the three-switch structure, when controlling the energy storage unit B1' and the energy storage unit B2' to connect to the working branch of the energy storage system, the three-switch structure needs to turn on the three switch units S11', S21' and S32'. When controlling the energy storage unit B1' and the energy storage unit B3' to connect to the working branch of the energy storage system, the three-switch structure needs to turn on the three switch units S11', S22' and S31'. When controlling the energy storage unit B2' and the energy storage unit B3' to connect to the working branch of the energy storage system, the three-switch structure needs to turn on the three switch units S12', S21' and S31'. When controlling the energy storage unit B1', the energy storage unit B2' and the energy storage unit B3' to connect to the working branch of the energy storage system, the three-switch structure needs to turn on the three switch units S11', S21' and S31'.

[0033] It can be found that no matter whether 2 energy storage units or 3 energy storage units are connected, the structure proposed in the embodiment of the present application only needs to turn on 2 switch units, while the half-bridge structure and three-switch structure in the related art need to turn on 3 switch units. Therefore, compared with the related art, the structure of the embodiment of the present application has fewer switch units flowing through during operation and has lower switching losses, thereby significantly reducing the energy loss of the energy storage system and improving the reliability of the system. It should also be noted that the structure of this embodiment can also achieve other working modes by turning on more switch units. For example, when the first switch unit S11, the third switch unit S21, the fourth switch unit S22, and the fifth switch unit S31 are turned on, the first energy storage unit B1 and the second energy storage unit B2 are connected in parallel and then in series with the third energy storage unit B3, in this way to connect to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system. As another example, when the second switch unit S12, the third switch unit S21, the fourth switch unit S22, and the sixth switch unit S32 are turned on, the first energy storage unit B1 and the third energy storage unit B3 are connected in parallel and then in series with the second energy storage unit B2, thereby connecting to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system.

[0034] In some embodiments, the flexible digital energy storage system further includes: a monitoring module, which is used to monitor the operating parameters of each energy storage unit.

[0035] The processing module 2 is also connected to the monitoring module. The processing module 2 is also used to control the conduction state of each switch unit according to the operating parameters of each energy storage unit so that the flexible digital energy storage system maintains a normal working state. When it is determined that the flexible digital energy storage system cannot maintain a normal working state by controlling the conduction state of each switch unit S, the solid-state circuit breaker 3 is controlled to disconnect. It should be noted that when a locally isolable fault occurs in the energy storage unit (such as overtemperature, single-module short circuit), the switch circuit 11 and the switch unit S are controlled to cooperate and independently cut off the fault. When a system-level fault occurs (such as a busbar short circuit, a multi-module chain fault) or local protection fails, the solid-state circuit breaker 3 is triggered to perform millisecond-level rapid disconnection to achieve global protection.

[0036] The operating parameters monitored by the monitoring module may include at least one of current, voltage, temperature and the like.

[0037] It can be understood that after the monitoring module monitors and obtains the working parameters of each energy storage unit, it can send the working parameters of each energy storage unit to the processing module 2. The processing module 2 can determine whether each energy storage unit has an abnormal condition based on the working parameters of each energy storage unit, such as overtemperature, overvoltage or overcurrent. After determining the abnormal energy storage unit, the processing module 2 can control the conduction status of each switch unit S and the switch circuit 11, and cut off the abnormal energy storage unit from the working branch of the energy storage system, so that the flexible digital energy storage system maintains a normal working state. When the flexible digital energy storage system cannot be kept in a normal working state by controlling the conduction status of each switch unit S, the solid-state circuit breaker 3 is controlled to disconnect, thereby avoiding the aggravation of the abnormal condition of the flexible digital energy storage system.

[0038] In some embodiments, processing module 2 is further configured to input the operating parameters of each energy storage unit into a trained long-short-term memory neural network model and a random forest regression model, obtain the SOC (state of charge) parameter output by the long-short-term memory neural network model and the SOH (state of health) parameter output by the random forest regression model, and control the conduction state of each switching unit based on the obtained SOC and SOH parameters. The operating parameters of this embodiment may include at least voltage, current, and temperature, and other parameters may also be measured as needed.

[0039] Among them, SOC is an indicator to measure the remaining capacity of the battery, which indicates the percentage of energy stored in the current battery. Through comprehensive analysis of data such as voltage, current and temperature, the system can estimate the SOC of each energy storage unit in real time. This information is crucial for adjusting the connection method between energy storage units to maintain the stability of system output under different load conditions; SOH is an important indicator for evaluating battery life and performance, reflecting the health of the battery in its current state compared with its initial state. The system calculates the battery's SOH by analyzing long-term voltage and current change trends and temperature effects. For battery cells with lower SOH, the system can choose to reduce their workload or temporarily remove them from the main circuit.

[0040] LSTM is a special type of recurrent neural network (RNN) that can learn long-term dependencies and is well-suited for processing time series data. By introducing memory cells and a gating mechanism, LSTM effectively addresses the vanishing and exploding gradient problems of traditional RNNs. The steps for building a long short-term memory neural network model include data collection, data preprocessing, dataset partitioning, setting up the LSTM model structure, and model training.

[0041] Data acquisition includes obtaining the voltage, current, temperature and time during the normal operation of the energy storage system.

[0042] Data preprocessing involves using first-order filtering and clipping filtering to remove outliers and noise, and then normalizing the data to eliminate the effects of dimension. First-order filtering can effectively smooth signals with high fluctuation frequencies. The principle is to take a weighted average of the current sampling value and the previous filtering structure, as shown in the following formula: (1) Where a represents the algorithm's sensitivity and ranges from [0 - 1]; X(t) is the current sampled value; X(t-1) is the previous sampled value; and Y is the filtered output. Clipping filtering uses a maximum and minimum value boundary. If the current value falls outside this range, it is discarded and the previous output is selected as the current output.

[0043] Dataset partitioning involves dividing the preprocessed data into training, validation, and test sets.

[0044] Setting the LSTM model structure includes selecting the appropriate feature dimension, such as the voltage, current, and temperature of the past 10 seconds, with an input dimension of 3; setting the number of LSTM units, with the output layer being the SOC value; selecting the mean square error (MSE) loss function, which can be calculated using formula (2); selecting the optimizer (Adam, SGD, RMSprop, etc.), and setting hyperparameters, such as the learning rate, training rounds, and batch size.

[0045] (2) Where n is the total number of samples; is the true value of the i-th sample; is the predicted value of the i-th sample.

[0046] After setting up the LSTM model structure, you can train the model. During model training, first initialize the model parameters using random initialization or a pretrained model. Then, train the model using the training set and perform hyperparameter tuning using the validation set. Then, use the test set to evaluate the model's performance, such as using the root mean square error (RMSE). The RMSE formula is: (3) After completing the above model training, the processing module 2 can input the operating parameters of each energy storage unit into the trained long short-term memory neural network model, and obtain the SOC parameters output by the long short-term memory neural network model as the SOC parameters of the corresponding energy storage unit.

[0047] Random forest regression (RFR) is an ensemble learning method that improves the model's generalization and prediction accuracy by building multiple decision trees and averaging their results. It offers advantages such as robustness, interpretability, and resistance to overfitting. Building a random forest regression (RFR) model involves data collection, data processing, feature selection, dataset partitioning, model construction, and training.

[0048] Data collection involves acquiring data such as voltage, current, temperature, and time during the normal operation of the energy storage system. Using data from batteries with varying degrees of aging, we construct datasets with varying SOH states.

[0049] Data processing includes removing outliers from sampled data and normalizing the data to improve data quality and reduce the interference of noise on model training.

[0050] Feature selection involves extracting features related to SOH based on domain knowledge, such as charge capacity, discharge capacity, capacity decay rate, charge platform voltage, discharge platform voltage, voltage change rate, charge current, discharge current, current change rate, battery temperature, and temperature change rate. Features with high correlation to SOH are selected using methods such as correlation coefficient and mutual information for model training.

[0051] Dataset partitioning involves dividing the dataset into a training set, a validation set, and a test set. The training set is used to train the model, the validation set is used to tune hyperparameters, and the test set is used to evaluate the model's generalization ability.

[0052] Model building includes setting the model's hyperparameters such as the number of decision trees, the maximum depth of the decision tree, and the minimum number of samples required for internal node repartitioning.

[0053] Model training involves inputting the training set into the model to train the model parameters; using the validation set to tune the hyperparameters and select the optimal hyperparameter combination; and then using RMSE or mean absolute error (MAE) to evaluate the generalization ability of the model and determine whether the model meets the actual application requirements. The formula for calculating mean absolute error (MAE) is as follows: (4) After completing the above model training, the processing module 2 can input the operating parameters of each energy storage unit into the trained random forest regression model, and obtain the SOH parameters output by the random forest regression model as the SOH parameters of the corresponding energy storage unit.

[0054] It should be noted that new energy storage unit data can be collected regularly and the model can be retrained to adapt to the impact of battery aging and environmental changes, maintain the accuracy and robustness of the model, and ensure the accuracy of the SOC and SOH parameter calculations.

[0055] In this embodiment, after the processing module 2 obtains the SOC parameter and the SOH parameter, it can control the conduction state of each switch unit according to the SOC parameter and the SOH parameter. For example, by controlling the conduction state of each switch unit, the operating time of the energy storage unit with a lower SOH parameter can be reduced to ensure the reliability of the energy storage system and gradually improve the overall balance of the energy storage system. For another example, when the energy storage system is in a discharging state, the discharge time of the energy storage unit with a lower SOC parameter can be reduced by controlling the conduction state of each switch unit. When the energy storage system is in a discharging state, the charging time of the energy storage unit with a lower SOC parameter can be increased by controlling the conduction state of each switch unit.

[0056] In some embodiments, the monitoring module includes at least one of a voltage sensing component, a current sensing component, and a temperature sensing component.

[0057] The voltage sensing assembly is used to monitor the operating voltage of each energy storage unit and transmit the voltage monitoring results to processing module 2. The current monitoring assembly is used to monitor the operating current of each energy storage unit and transmit the current monitoring results to processing module 2. The temperature monitoring assembly is used to monitor the operating temperature of each energy storage unit and transmit the temperature monitoring results to processing module 2. The voltage sensing assembly may include a voltage sensor, the current sensing assembly may include a current sensor, and the temperature sensing assembly may include a temperature sensor.

[0058] The current sensor is primarily used to measure the current flow of the energy storage module during normal operation. It continuously collects current data and feeds it back to processing module 2. Based on this current data, processing module 2 determines whether the connection between energy storage units needs to be adjusted to ensure efficient system operation. Furthermore, the current sensor data can be used to identify potential system faults, such as current overload or imbalance, and trigger appropriate protective measures to prevent system damage.

[0059] Voltage sensors monitor voltage changes in the energy storage module during operation. By accurately measuring the output voltage of each energy storage unit, the voltage sensors provide real-time voltage data to processing module 2. This data not only helps processing module 2 determine the connection method between energy storage units, but also determines the health of energy storage units and identifies potential voltage anomalies. Voltage sensors play a crucial role in the entire system, ensuring voltage stability and safety during system operation.

[0060] Temperature sensors are primarily used to monitor the internal temperature of the energy storage system. As the energy storage unit operates, it may generate a certain amount of heat. The temperature sensor detects these temperature changes in real time and feeds this data back to Processing Module 2. If the temperature exceeds a safety threshold, Processing Module 2 can promptly take cooling measures, such as adjusting the load or activating the cooling system, to prevent performance degradation or safety hazards caused by overheating. The temperature sensor's precise monitoring and feedback mechanism effectively improves the system's thermal management capabilities and ensures long-term stable operation.

[0061] In some embodiments, the processing module 2 is further configured to: determine that the energy storage unit is an abnormal energy storage unit when the operating parameters of the energy storage unit are outside the corresponding preset normal range; and control the conduction state of each switch unit according to each abnormal energy storage unit to remove each abnormal energy storage unit from the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, Figure 6 This is the short circuit fault processing flow chart. Figure 7 This is a flowchart for handling over-temperature anomalies.

[0062] In the application, the normal parameter range corresponding to the energy storage unit can be predetermined, such as the normal current range, the normal voltage range, and the normal temperature range. When the operating parameters of the energy storage unit are outside the corresponding preset normal range, it is determined that the energy storage unit is in an abnormal state. For example, the current of the energy storage unit is outside the normal current range, the voltage of the energy storage unit is outside the normal voltage range, or the temperature of the energy storage unit is outside the normal temperature range. After determining the abnormal energy storage unit, by controlling the conduction state of each switch unit and the switch circuit 11, each abnormal energy storage unit is cut off from the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the energy storage system.

[0063] In some embodiments, the processing module 2 is also used to: determine the target access number of the energy storage unit and the working state of the flexible digital energy storage system according to the working parameters of each energy storage unit; determine the target energy storage unit according to the SOH parameter of each energy storage unit, and sort the power of each energy storage unit according to the SOC parameter of each energy storage unit; when it is determined that the flexible digital energy storage system is in a discharging state, control the first N target energy storage units sorted from large to small in power to be connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system, where N is the target access number; when it is determined that the flexible digital energy storage system is in a charging state, control the first N target energy storage units sorted from small to large in power to be connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system. Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 The operating parameters of this embodiment may include parameters such as voltage, current and temperature.

[0064] It is understood that processing module 2 can determine the target number of energy storage units that need to be connected to the flexible digital energy storage system based on the operating parameters of each energy storage unit, such as voltage, current, power, etc., and at the same time clarify whether the system is currently in a charging or discharging state. Based on the SOH (state of health) parameters of each energy storage unit, for example, if the SOH value is higher than the safety threshold of the usage scenario (assuming that in a renewable energy power generation scenario, the SOH value should be no less than 70%), the target energy storage unit with good performance and meeting the usage requirements can be selected.

[0065] Based on this, the target energy storage units are ranked according to their state of charge (SOC) parameters. When the flexible digital energy storage system is determined to be in a discharging state, the top N target energy storage units, ranked from highest to lowest, are connected to the system's working branch. N is the target number of connected units determined previously. This prioritizes discharging energy storage units with higher charge levels, maximizing the energy per discharge and improving the system's discharge stability. When the system is determined to be in a charging state, the top N target energy storage units, ranked from lowest to highest, are connected to the working branch, prioritizing charging of energy storage units with lower charge levels, optimizing charging efficiency and balancing battery life. This differentiated access strategy prioritizes the top N healthy units, ranked from highest to lowest SOC, during discharging, and the top N healthy units, ranked from lowest to highest SOC, during charging. This dynamic matching of charge and health allows for efficient and stable system operation under varying operating conditions, while also extending the overall cycle life of the energy storage units.

[0066] In some embodiments, the monitoring module includes: a current sensing component; the processing module 2 is further used to: obtain the current difference between the output current of the flexible digital energy storage system and the target current; when the current difference is greater than zero, adjust the conduction state of each switch unit to reduce the number of energy storage units connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system; when the current difference is less than zero, adjust the conduction state of each switch unit to increase the number of energy storage units connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system. Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 This is the flowchart corresponding to this embodiment.

[0067] The single increase and decrease of the energy storage unit can be preset step values, or the change of the energy storage unit can be determined based on the current difference.

[0068] In this embodiment, the processing module 2 dynamically adjusts the number of connected energy storage units by obtaining the difference between the output current and the target current of the flexible digital energy storage system in real time, thereby achieving dynamic matching between the output current and the target current of the flexible digital energy storage system. It can be understood that when the current difference is greater than 0 (the output exceeds the target current), it means that the system output current exceeds the target current. At this time, the processing module 2 will adjust the conduction state of each switch unit, reduce the number of energy storage units connected to the working branch, and thus reduce the output current of the system. When the current difference is less than 0 (the output is insufficient), it indicates that the output current of the energy storage system is lower than the target current. The processing module 2 will adjust the conduction state of the switch unit and increase the number of energy storage units connected to the working branch to increase the output current of the system, thereby ultimately making the system output current as close to the target current as possible and achieving stable operation of the system.

[0069] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment, the principle block diagram of the flexible digital energy storage system can be as follows: Figure 10 As shown, the flexible digital energy storage system collects parameters through sensors and sends them to the processing module. The processing module generates a control signal based on the collected parameters and controls the conduction state of the switch array through the control signal.

[0070] In some embodiments, the present application also provides a control method for a flexible digital energy storage system, which is applied to a flexible digital energy storage system of any of the above schemes, and the flexible digital energy storage system includes a monitoring module. Figure 11 As shown, the control method includes the following steps S1101 to S1103.

[0071] S1101: Obtain the operating parameters of each energy storage unit.

[0072] S1102: Controlling the conduction state of each switch unit according to the operating parameters of each energy storage unit to keep the flexible digital energy storage system in a normal working state; S1103: When it is determined that the flexible digital energy storage system cannot maintain a normal working state by controlling the conduction state of each switch unit, the solid-state circuit breaker is controlled to disconnect.

[0073] It is understood that after obtaining the operating parameters of each energy storage unit, it is possible to determine whether each energy storage unit has an abnormal condition, such as overtemperature, overvoltage, or overcurrent, based on the operating parameters of each energy storage unit. After determining the abnormal energy storage unit, the processing module can control the conduction status of each switch unit and the switch unit to remove the abnormal energy storage unit from the working branch of the energy storage system, thereby maintaining the normal operating state of the flexible digital energy storage system.

[0074] In some embodiments, the control method further includes: inputting the operating parameters of each energy storage unit into a trained long short-term memory neural network model and a random forest regression model, obtaining the SOC parameters output by the long short-term memory neural network model, and the SOH parameters output by the random forest regression model; and controlling the conduction state of each switching unit according to the obtained SOC parameters and SOH parameters.

[0075] In one embodiment, in step S1102, the conduction state of each switch unit is controlled according to the operating parameters of each energy storage unit, including: when the operating parameters of the energy storage unit are outside the corresponding preset normal range, determining that the energy storage unit is an abnormal energy storage unit; and controlling the conduction state of each switch unit according to each abnormal energy storage unit to cut off each abnormal energy storage unit from the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system.

[0076] In some embodiments, the conduction state of each switching unit is controlled according to the acquired SOC parameters and SOH parameters, including: determining the target connection number of the energy storage unit and the working state of the flexible digital energy storage system according to the working parameters of each energy storage unit; determining the target energy storage unit according to the SOH parameters of each energy storage unit, and sorting the power of each energy storage unit according to the SOC parameters of each energy storage unit; when it is determined that the flexible digital energy storage system is in a discharging state, controlling the first N target energy storage units sorted from large to small in power to be connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system, where N is the target connection number; when it is determined that the flexible digital energy storage system is in a charging state, controlling the first N target energy storage units sorted from small to large in power to be connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system.

[0077] In some embodiments, the operating parameters of the energy storage units include current parameters. In step S1102, the conduction state of each switch unit is controlled according to the operating parameters of each energy storage unit, including obtaining a current difference between the output current of the flexible digital energy storage system and a target current; if the current difference is greater than zero, adjusting the conduction state of each switch unit to reduce the number of energy storage units connected to the working branches of the flexible digital energy storage system; and if the current difference is less than zero, adjusting the conduction state of each switch unit to increase the number of energy storage units connected to the working branches of the flexible digital energy storage system.

[0078] It should be noted that the control method of the flexible digital energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application and the flexible digital energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application are based on the same application concept. Therefore, the specific implementation of this embodiment can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned flexible digital energy storage system, and the repeated parts will not be repeated.

[0079] In some embodiments, an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application includes a processor and a memory; the memory stores a computer program, wherein the computer program implements the above-mentioned control method of the flexible digital energy storage system when executed by the processor.

[0080] Specifically, the processor may include, for example, a general-purpose microprocessor, an instruction set processor and / or a related chipset and / or a special-purpose microprocessor (e.g., an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), etc. The processor may also include onboard memory for caching purposes. The processor may be a single processing unit or multiple processing units for executing different actions of the method flow according to the embodiments of the present application.

[0081] Memory, for example, can be any medium capable of containing, storing, conveying, propagating, or transmitting instructions. For example, memory can include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices, components, or propagation media. Specific examples of memory include: magnetic storage devices, such as magnetic tape or hard disk drives (HDDs); optical storage devices, such as compact discs (CD-ROMs); random access memory (RAM) or flash memory; and / or wired or wireless communication links.

[0082] The present application also provides a computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the control method of the flexible digital energy storage system described above. The computer-readable medium may be included in the device / apparatus / system described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently without being assembled into the device / apparatus / system. The above computer-readable medium carries one or more programs, and when the above one or more programs are executed, the method of the embodiment of the present application is implemented.

[0083] According to an embodiment of the present application, a computer-readable medium may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium or any combination thereof. A computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or component, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In the present application, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device, or component. In the present application, a computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carries computer-readable program code. Such a propagated data signal may take a variety of forms, including but not limited to an electromagnetic signal, an optical signal, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer-readable signal medium may also be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium that can transmit, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a computer-readable medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical cable, radio frequency signals, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0084] Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present application may be combined and / or combined in a variety of ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in the present application. In particular, without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present application, the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present application may be combined and / or combined in a variety of ways. All of these combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of the present application should not be limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but should be determined not only by the attached claims, but also by the equivalents of the attached claims. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A flexible digital energy storage system integrated with a solid-state circuit breaker, characterized in that: include: Multiple energy storage modules connected in series, each comprising a first energy storage unit, a switch circuit, and two energy storage circuits, wherein the two energy storage circuits are connected in series via the switch circuit, the energy storage circuit comprising a switch branch and an energy storage branch connected in parallel, the switch branch being provided with two switch units in series, the energy storage branch being provided with an energy storage unit, the two ends of the first energy storage unit being respectively connected to the switch connection ends of the two energy storage circuits, the switch connection ends being the connection ends of the two switch units on the switch branch; A solid-state circuit breaker connected to a transmission branch of the flexible digital energy storage system, the solid-state circuit breaker being adapted to control the on / off switching between the flexible digital energy storage system and a load or a power grid by switching the solid-state circuit breaker itself on and off; A processing module is connected to the control end of the switching circuit, the control end of each switching unit and the control end of the solid-state circuit breaker respectively, and the processing module is used to control the conduction state of the switching circuit, each switching unit and the solid-state circuit breaker.

2. The flexible digital energy storage system with integrated solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two energy storage circuits include a first energy storage circuit and a second energy storage circuit; the first energy storage circuit includes a first switch unit, a second switch unit, and a second energy storage unit, the switch circuit includes a third switch unit and a fourth switch unit, and the second energy storage circuit includes a fifth switch unit, a sixth switch unit, and a third energy storage unit; wherein the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are MOS transistors, and the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are connected to a common source or a common drain; The positive terminal of the second energy storage unit is connected to the first end of the first switch unit, the second end of the first switch unit is respectively connected to the first end of the second switch unit and the positive terminal of the first energy storage unit, the second end of the second switch unit is respectively connected to the first end of the third switch unit and the negative terminal of the second energy storage unit, the second end of the third switch unit is connected to the first end of the fourth switch unit, the second end of the fourth switch unit is respectively connected to the first end of the fifth switch unit and the positive terminal of the third energy storage unit, the second end of the fifth switch unit is connected to the first end of the sixth switch unit and the negative terminal of the first energy storage unit, and the second end of the sixth switch unit is connected to the negative terminal of the third energy storage unit.

3. The flexible digital energy storage system with integrated solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the second switch unit and the sixth switch unit are in the on state, the first energy storage unit and the second energy storage unit are connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system; When the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are in the on state, the second energy storage unit and the third energy storage unit are connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system; When the first switch unit and the fifth switch unit are in the on state, the first energy storage unit and the third energy storage unit are connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system; When the second switch unit and the fifth switch unit are in the on state, the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit and the third energy storage unit are all connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system; When the first switch unit and the sixth switch unit are in the on state, the first energy storage unit is connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system.

4. The flexible digital energy storage system integrated with a solid-state circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The flexible digital energy storage system further includes: a monitoring module, the monitoring module being used to monitor the operating parameters of each energy storage unit; The processing module is also connected to the monitoring module, and the processing module is also used to control the conduction state of each switching unit according to the working parameters of each energy storage unit so that the flexible digital energy storage system maintains a normal working state; when it is determined that the flexible digital energy storage system cannot maintain a normal working state by controlling the conduction state of each switching unit, the solid-state circuit breaker is controlled to disconnect.

5. The flexible digital energy storage system integrated with a solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that: The processing module is further configured to: Inputting the operating parameters of each of the energy storage units into a trained long short-term memory neural network model and a random forest regression model, obtaining the SOC parameter output by the long short-term memory neural network model and the SOH parameter output by the random forest regression model; The conduction state of each of the switch units is controlled according to the acquired SOC parameter and SOH parameter.

6. The flexible digital energy storage system integrated with a solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that: The monitoring module includes: at least one of a voltage sensing component, a current sensing component, and a temperature sensing component; The voltage sensing component is used to monitor the operating voltage of each of the energy storage units and send the voltage monitoring result to the processing module; The current monitoring component is used to monitor the operating current of each energy storage unit and send the current monitoring result to the processing module; The temperature monitoring component is used to monitor the operating temperature of each of the energy storage units and send the temperature monitoring results to the processing module.

7. The flexible digital energy storage system integrated with a solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that: The processing module is further configured to: When the operating parameters of the energy storage unit are outside the corresponding preset normal range, determining that the energy storage unit is an abnormal energy storage unit; The conduction state of each switch unit is controlled according to each abnormal energy storage unit, so as to cut off each abnormal energy storage unit from the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system.

8. The flexible digital energy storage system integrated with a solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing module is further configured to: Determining the target number of connected energy storage units and the operating state of the flexible digital energy storage system according to the operating parameters of each of the energy storage units; Determine a target energy storage unit according to the SOH parameters of each energy storage unit, and sort the energy storage units according to the SOC parameters of each energy storage unit; When it is determined that the flexible digital energy storage system is in a discharging state, controlling the first N target energy storage units sorted in descending order of power to be connected to a working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system, where N is the target number of connected units; When it is determined that the flexible digital energy storage system is in a charging state, the first N target energy storage units sorted in ascending order of power are controlled to be connected to a working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system.

9. The flexible digital energy storage system integrated with a solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 6, characterized in that: The monitoring module includes: the current sensing component; the processing module is further configured to: Obtaining a current difference between an output current of the flexible digital energy storage system and a target current; When the current difference is greater than zero, adjusting the conduction state of each of the switch units to reduce the number of energy storage units connected to the working branch of the flexible digital energy storage system; When the current difference is less than zero, the conduction state of each of the switch units is adjusted to increase the number of energy storage units connected to the working branches of the flexible digital energy storage system.

10. A control method for a flexible digital energy storage system, characterized in that: The control method of the flexible digital energy storage system is applied to the flexible digital energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the flexible digital energy storage system includes a monitoring module, which is used to monitor the operating parameters of each energy storage unit in the flexible digital energy storage system; the control method includes: Obtaining operating parameters of each of the energy storage units; Controlling the conduction state of the switch circuit and each of the switch units according to the operating parameters of each of the energy storage units, so that the flexible digital energy storage system maintains a normal working state; When it is determined that the flexible digital energy storage system cannot maintain a normal working state by controlling the conduction state of each of the switch units, the solid-state circuit breaker is controlled to be disconnected.

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