Air-cooled fiber laser

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of lasers, in particular to a forced-air cooling fiber laser. The forced-air cooling fiber laser comprises a heat dissipation structure, a pump source heat sink and a disc fiber heat sink connected to each other, the pump source heat sink is provided with a first air duct, the disc fiber heat sink is provided with a second air duct, and the first air duct and the second air duct are in communication with each other; a pump source is arranged on the pump source heat sink to transfer heat into the pump source heat sink; an active fiber is arranged around the disc fiber heat sink; and a forced heat exchanger. The pump source heat sink and the disc fiber heat sink are separated and independently designed, thereby breaking the restriction that the traditional integrated heat dissipation structure is mutually restricted and difficult to reduce in size. The modular and decentralized layout enables each heat dissipation unit to be optimally sized according to its own heat load, so that the structure is compact and reasonable, thereby reducing the size of the laser, reducing the overall volume and weight, and realizing portability and light weight.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of laser technology, and more particularly to an air-cooled fiber laser. Background Technology

[0002] Laser welding technology, due to its advantages such as high energy density, non-contact operation, precise heat input, fast welding speed, minimal deformation, and high weld quality, is widely used in fields such as automotive manufacturing, aerospace, precision instruments, kitchenware and bathroom fixtures, sheet metal processing, and new energy batteries. To address the lack of flexibility in automated laser welding, handheld laser welding machines have emerged.

[0003] Handheld laser welding machines integrate the laser source, cooling system, and control system into a trolley-type or box-type main unit. The laser beam is transmitted via fiber optic cable to a lightweight handheld welding gun, allowing the operator to move freely while welding. Handheld laser welding machines are classified into three categories based on their cooling system: water-cooled, refrigerant-cooled, and air-cooled. Currently, existing air-cooled laser welding machines are relatively large, making it difficult to achieve portability or lightweight design. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, this application provides an air-cooled fiber laser to reduce the size of the air-cooled laser welding machine, thereby achieving portability and lightweight design.

[0005] On one hand, this application provides an air-cooled fiber laser, comprising:

[0006] The heat dissipation structure includes a pump source heat sink and a fiber optic heat sink connected together. The pump source heat sink is provided with a first air duct, and the fiber optic heat sink is provided with a second air duct. The first air duct and the second air duct are interconnected.

[0007] Pump source, the pump source is located on the pump source heat sink to transfer heat to the pump source heat sink;

[0008] Active fiber, the active fiber is wound on the coiled heat sink to transfer heat to the coiled heat sink;

[0009] A forced heat exchanger is connected to a heat dissipation structure and is used for forced convection heat transfer.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the pump source radiator includes a heat dissipation shell, a heat exchange tube, and a first fin. A first air duct is formed in the heat dissipation shell, the heat exchange tube is disposed in the first air duct and connected to the heat dissipation shell, the first fin is connected to the heat exchange tube, and the pump source is connected to the heat dissipation shell.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the pump source is connected to the heat sink housing via a thermally conductive layer.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the air-cooled fiber laser also includes an air guide shroud, which connects the heat dissipation housing and the fiber optic heat sink, and is used to connect the first air duct and the second air duct.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the fiber optic radiator includes a fiber optic coil and a second fin. A second air duct is formed in the fiber optic coil, and a winding groove is provided on the outer periphery of the fiber optic coil for winding active fibers. The second fin is disposed in the second air duct and connected to the fiber optic coil.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the forced heat exchanger is connected to the side of the fiber optic radiator away from the pump source radiator.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the fiber optic radiator further includes a fixing part located on the side of the fiber optic coil away from the pump source radiator, and the fixing part is used to fix and connect the forced heat exchanger.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the fiber optic coil has a high-reflection grating region and a low-reflection grating region. The high-reflection grating region has a high-reflection grating, and the output end of the pump fiber of the pump source is fused to the input end of the high-reflection grating. The input end of the active fiber is fused to the output end of the high-reflection grating. The low-reflection grating region has a low-reflection grating, and the output end of the active fiber is fused to the input end of the low-reflection grating. The output end of the low-reflection grating is used to output laser light.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the high-reflectivity grating area is located on the side of the fiber optic coil away from the pump source heat sink.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the fiber optic coil is provided with reinforcing ribs, which are located in the second air duct and connected to the fiber optic coil.

[0019] The air-cooled fiber laser provided in this application employs a structure that separates and independently designs the pump source heat sink and active fiber heat sink, with the pump source mounted on the pump source heat sink and the active fiber wound on the active fiber heat sink. This breaks the limitations of traditional integrated heat dissipation structures where pump source heat dissipation and active fiber heat sink mutually restrict each other, making it difficult to reduce size. Furthermore, the first air duct of the pump source heat sink and the second air duct of the active fiber heat sink are interconnected, and a forced heat exchanger provides centralized drive, forming a unified and efficient airflow organization system for efficient heat dissipation. This modular and distributed layout allows each heat dissipation unit to be optimally sized according to its own heat load, resulting in a compact and reasonable structure. It optimizes the heat dissipation path and avoids the problem of enlarging the overall size to meet overall heat dissipation requirements, thereby reducing the size of the laser, lowering its overall volume and weight, and achieving portability and lightweight design. Meanwhile, the interconnected first and second air ducts allow cooling air to flow orderly through all key heat-generating components (pump source and active fiber), preventing airflow short-circuiting and heat accumulation. This ensures rapid and uniform heat dissipation, guaranteeing the laser's thermal stability under prolonged high-power operation. The fiber optic heat sink not only functions as a winding coil but also as a highly efficient heat conduction component. Heat generated by the active fiber can be rapidly conducted through the tightly contacted heat sink to its second air duct, where it is directly carried away by the flowing cooling air. This optimizes the path from the heat source to the heat dissipation medium, reduces thermal resistance, and improves heat dissipation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of an air-cooled fiber laser provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the structure of the air-cooled fiber laser provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is the third schematic diagram of the structure of the air-cooled fiber laser provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 4 Fourth schematic diagram of the structure of the air-cooled fiber laser provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 5Fifth schematic diagram of the structure of the air-cooled fiber laser provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a partially exploded structure of the air-cooled fiber laser.

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the pump source heat sink and pump source structure of the air-cooled fiber laser shown.

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the pump source heat sink and pump source from another perspective;

[0029] Figure 9 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the fiber optic heat sink for the air-cooled fiber laser.

[0030] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the fiber optic radiator from another perspective;

[0031] Figure 11 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fiber optic radiator from another perspective;

[0032] Figure 12 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the fiber optic heat sink and forced heat exchanger of the air-cooled fiber laser.

[0033] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the working structure of the air-cooled fiber laser provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0035] 100-Air-cooled fiber laser; 10-Heat dissipation structure; 11-Pump source heat sink; 111-First air duct; 112-Heat dissipation shell; 113-Heat exchange tube; 114-First fin; 12-Fiber coil heat sink; 121-Second air duct; 122-Fiber coil cylinder; 123-Second fin; 124-Winding groove; 125-Fixed part; 126-High-reflection grating area; 127-Low-reflection grating area; 128-Reinforcing rib; 20-Pump source; 21-Pump fiber; 30-Active fiber; 31-High-reflection grating; 32-Low-reflection grating; 40-Forced heat exchanger; 50-Air guide shroud. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this application. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0039] The terms “first,” “second,” and “third” (if any) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0040] Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, product, or display that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or display.

[0041] Laser welding technology, due to its advantages such as high energy density, non-contact operation, precise heat input, fast welding speed, minimal deformation, and high weld quality, is widely used in fields such as automotive manufacturing, aerospace, precision instruments, kitchenware and bathroom fixtures, sheet metal processing, and new energy batteries. To address the lack of flexibility in automated laser welding, handheld laser welding machines have emerged.

[0042] Handheld laser welding machines integrate the laser source, cooling system, and control system into a trolley-type or box-type main unit. The laser is transmitted via fiber optic cable to a lightweight handheld welding gun, allowing the operator to move freely while welding. Handheld laser welding machines are classified into three types based on their cooling systems: water-cooled, refrigerant-cooled, and air-cooled. Currently, the overall size of an air-cooled laser welding machine depends on the size of its air-cooling radiator, which in turn depends primarily on the size of the pump source, the coiling radius of the pump source fiber, the active fiber, the length of the active fiber, and its coiling radius. Existing air-cooled laser welding machines are relatively large, making it difficult to achieve portability or lightweight design.

[0043] After repeated consideration and verification, the inventors discovered that if the pump source heat sink and the active fiber optic coil heat sink are separated and efficient heat dissipation is achieved through an independent air duct design, mutual size limitations can be avoided, thereby reducing the overall size and weight of the machine.

[0044] In view of this, this application provides an air-cooled fiber laser, comprising:

[0045] The heat dissipation structure includes a pump source heat sink and a fiber optic heat sink connected together. The pump source heat sink is provided with a first air duct, and the fiber optic heat sink is provided with a second air duct. The first air duct and the second air duct are interconnected.

[0046] Pump source, the pump source is located on the pump source heat sink to transfer heat to the pump source heat sink;

[0047] Active fiber, the active fiber is wound on the coiled heat sink;

[0048] A forced heat exchanger is connected to a heat dissipation structure and is used for forced convection heat transfer.

[0049] By employing a connected pump source heat sink and a fiber optic coil heat sink, and designing the pump source heat sink and fiber optic coil heat sink independently, the pump source is placed on the pump source heat sink, and the active fiber is wound on the fiber optic coil heat sink. This breaks the limitations of traditional integrated heat dissipation structures where pump source heat dissipation and fiber optic coil heat dissipation are mutually restrictive and difficult to reduce in size. Furthermore, the first air duct of the pump source heat sink and the second air duct of the fiber optic coil heat sink are interconnected, and a forced heat exchanger is used for centralized driving, forming a unified and efficient airflow organization system to achieve efficient heat dissipation. This modular and distributed layout allows each heat dissipation unit to be optimally sized according to its own heat load, resulting in a compact and reasonable structure, optimized heat dissipation path, and avoidance of enlarging the overall size to meet overall heat dissipation requirements. This reduces the size of the laser, lowers the overall volume and weight, and achieves portability and lightweight design. Meanwhile, the interconnected first and second air ducts allow cooling air to flow orderly through all key heat-generating components (pump source and active fiber), preventing airflow short-circuiting and heat accumulation. This ensures rapid and uniform heat dissipation, guaranteeing the laser's thermal stability under prolonged high-power operation. The fiber optic heat sink not only functions as a winding coil but also as a highly efficient heat conduction component. Heat generated by the active fiber can be rapidly conducted through the tightly contacted heat sink to its second air duct, where it is directly carried away by the flowing cooling air. This optimizes the path from the heat source to the heat dissipation medium, reduces thermal resistance, and improves heat dissipation efficiency.

[0050] The contents of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can have a clearer and more detailed understanding of the contents of this application.

[0051] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of an air-cooled fiber laser provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the air-cooled fiber laser provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 This is the third schematic diagram of the structure of the air-cooled fiber laser provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 4 The fourth schematic diagram of the structure of the air-cooled fiber laser provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 5 The fifth schematic diagram of the structure of the air-cooled fiber laser provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a partial exploded view of the air-cooled fiber laser. Figure 7 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the pump source heat sink and the pump source of the air-cooled fiber laser. Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows the pump source heat sink and another view of the pump source. Figure 9 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the fiber optic heat sink for the air-cooled fiber laser. Figure 10 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fiber optic radiator from another perspective. Figure 11 for Figure 9 The diagram shows another perspective of the structure of the fiber optic radiator. Figure 12 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the fiber optic heat sink and forced heat exchanger for the air-cooled fiber laser. Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the working structure of the air-cooled fiber laser provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the air-cooled fiber laser 100 is used to emit laser light.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, the air-cooled fiber laser 100 includes a heat dissipation structure 10, a pump source 20, an active fiber 30, and a forced heat exchanger 40. The pump source 20, active fiber 30, and forced heat exchanger 40 are respectively connected to the heat dissipation structure 10. The pump source 20 and active fiber 30 transfer heat to the heat dissipation structure 10. The forced heat exchanger 40 performs forced heat exchange on the heat dissipation structure 10, thereby achieving heat dissipation.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, the heat dissipation structure 10 includes a pump source heat sink 11 and a fiber optic heat sink 12. The pump source heat sink 11 and the fiber optic heat sink 12 are connected to each other.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, the pump source radiator 11 is provided with a first air duct 111. For example... Figure 11 As shown, the fiber optic radiator 12 is provided with a second air duct 121. The first air duct 111 and the second air duct 121 are interconnected.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, the forced heat exchanger 40 is connected to the first air duct 111 and the second air duct 121. The forced heat exchanger 40 is used to perform forced convection, thereby accelerating the flow of air in the first air duct 111 and the second air duct 121, thereby achieving heat exchange.

[0057] like Figure 6 As shown, the pump source 20 is mounted on the pump source radiator 11. The pump source 20 can transfer the heat it generates to the pump source radiator 11, thereby dissipating heat through the first air duct 111.

[0058] The active fiber optic cable 30 is wound around the fiber optic heat sink 12. The active fiber optic cable 30 can transfer the heat it generates to the fiber optic heat sink 12, thereby dissipating heat through the second air duct 121.

[0059] By employing a connected pump source heat sink 11 and a fiber optic coil heat sink 12, and designing the pump source heat sink 11 and the fiber optic coil heat sink 12 separately and independently, the pump source 20 is placed on the pump source heat sink 11, and the active fiber 30 is wound around the fiber optic coil heat sink 12. This breaks the limitations of the traditional integrated heat dissipation structure where the heat dissipation of the pump source 20 and the active fiber 30 are mutually constrained and the size is difficult to reduce. This modular and distributed layout allows each heat dissipation unit to be optimally sized according to its own heat load, resulting in a compact and reasonable structure, optimized heat dissipation path, and avoidance of enlarging the overall size to meet overall heat dissipation requirements. This reduces the size of the laser, lowers the overall volume and weight, and achieves portability and lightweight design.

[0060] The first air duct 111 of the pump source heat sink 11 and the second air duct 121 of the fiber optic heat sink 12 are interconnected and centrally driven by the forced heat exchanger 40, forming a unified and efficient airflow organization system to achieve efficient heat dissipation. At the same time, the interconnected first air duct 111 and second air duct 121 allow cooling air to flow orderly through all key heat-generating components (pump source 20 and active fiber 30), avoiding airflow short-circuiting and heat accumulation, ensuring rapid and uniform heat dissipation, and guaranteeing the thermal stability of the laser under long-term high-power operation.

[0061] The fiber optic radiator 12 not only functions as a winding coil, but also serves as a highly efficient heat conduction component. The heat generated by the active fiber 30 can be rapidly conducted through the tightly contacting fiber optic radiator 12 to its second air duct 121, where it is directly carried away by the flowing cooling air. This optimizes the path from the heat source to the heat dissipation medium, reduces thermal resistance, and improves heat dissipation efficiency.

[0062] The size of the pump source radiator 11 is close to the length and width of the pump source 20, and is no longer limited by the coil diameter and winding length of the active fiber 30.

[0063] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in one possible implementation, the pump source radiator 11 includes a heat dissipation housing 112, a heat exchange tube 113, and a first fin 114. A first air duct 111 is formed in the heat dissipation housing 112. The heat exchange tube 113 is disposed in the first air duct 111 and connected to the heat dissipation housing 112. The first fin 114 is connected to the heat exchange tube 113. The pump source 20 is connected to the heat dissipation housing 112.

[0064] In one possible implementation, the heat dissipation housing 112 is a rectangular housing with openings at both ends to form a first air duct 111. The pump source 20 is located on one of the surfaces of the rectangular housing.

[0065] In one possible implementation, multiple heat exchange tubes 113 are arranged parallel to the mounting surface of the pump source 20 in the first air duct 111.

[0066] In one possible implementation, a plurality of first fins 114 are evenly arranged and parallel to the extension direction of the first air duct 111.

[0067] In one possible implementation, the first fin 114 is also connected to the heat sink housing 112.

[0068] By setting up the heat dissipation shell 112, heat exchange tube 113 and first fin 114, efficient multi-stage composite heat dissipation is achieved, which greatly improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the pump source heat sink 11.

[0069] This structure forms a multi-stage, highly efficient heat dissipation path.

[0070] Primary heat transfer (from pump source 20 to heat sink 112): Pump source 20 is directly mounted on heat sink 112, and the heat it generates is rapidly conducted to the metal heat sink 112 through the tight contact surface, thus achieving initial heat dissipation.

[0071] Secondary conduction (from heat sink 112 to heat exchange tube 113): the heat exchange tube 113 is embedded in and connected to the heat sink 112, and conducts the heat diffused on the heat sink 112 to the heat exchange tube 113 itself.

[0072] Three-stage conduction (from heat exchange tube 113 to first fin 114), the first fin 114 is connected to heat exchange tube 113, and conducts the heat diffused on heat exchange tube 113 to the first fin 114 itself.

[0073] Fourth-stage convection (heat exchange tube 113 / first fin 114 to cooling air): Cooling air flowing into the first air duct 111 undergoes forced convection heat exchange with the heat exchange tube 113 equipped with the first fin 114. Heat on the heat exchange tube 113 / first fin 114 is conducted into the air. The first fin 114 greatly increases the heat dissipation surface area in contact with the air, thereby removing heat most efficiently.

[0074] This multi-stage composite heat dissipation mode of "conduction + convection" and "surface heat dissipation + fin reinforcement" has improved heat dissipation efficiency by orders of magnitude compared with traditional single heat sink or simple air duct, ensuring that the core heat source of Pump Source 20 can be fully cooled in a very small volume.

[0075] The pump source radiator 11 has a compact structure and high power density, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the entire unit. The heat exchange tube 113, as a highly efficient heat conductor, can quickly and centrally transfer heat from the heat dissipation shell 112 to the center of the air duct or a better heat dissipation location. Combined with the first fin 114, a huge effective heat dissipation area can be integrated in a very compact physical space, without increasing the external size of the entire radiator to increase the heat dissipation area. Thus, while ensuring the ultimate heat dissipation performance, it can reduce the size and portability.

[0076] Meanwhile, the heat sink 112 is not only a heat dissipation component but also a robust mechanical structural element used to support and secure the pump source 20. This integrated design reduces the number of parts and avoids thermal resistance (such as contact thermal resistance) and mechanical reliability issues that arise from assembling multiple components. The pump source 20 has good mounting rigidity and low connection thermal resistance, resulting in a shorter and smoother heat transfer path, leading to higher stability and reliability in long-term use.

[0077] In one possible implementation, the heat sink 112 is an aluminum shell, which is easy to process and has high strength.

[0078] In one possible implementation, the heat exchanger 113 is a copper heat pipe, which has high heat dissipation efficiency.

[0079] In one possible implementation, the copper heat pipe is welded to the aluminum shell.

[0080] In one possible implementation, the heat exchange tube 113 is welded to the first fin 114, which improves processing efficiency and provides high structural stability.

[0081] In one possible implementation, the pump source 20 is connected to the heat dissipation housing 112 via a heat-conducting layer.

[0082] The thermally conductive layer significantly reduces interfacial contact thermal resistance and substantially improves thermal conductivity. The surfaces of the pump source 20 (heat source) and the heat sink 112 (heat sink substrate) are not perfectly flat at the microscopic level, containing numerous gaps and unevenness. Air in these gaps is a poor conductor of heat, creating significant "contact thermal resistance" that severely hinders heat transfer. By placing a thermally conductive layer (such as thermal grease, thermal pads, or phase change materials) between them, interfacial air can be effectively eliminated, all microscopic gaps filled, and a continuous, efficient heat flow channel established. This minimizes interfacial thermal resistance, allowing the heat generated by the pump source 20 to be conducted to the heat sink 112 almost without loss and rapidly, laying a highly efficient foundation for subsequent heat dissipation and ensuring the efficient operation of the entire heat dissipation system.

[0083] The thermally conductive layer also ensures uniform heat distribution, preventing localized overheating hotspots. Its excellent fit and adaptability compensate for minor unevenness or tolerances that may exist at the contact surface between the pump source 20 and the heat sink housing 112, ensuring uniform contact pressure. This uniform contact avoids "overheating hotspots" caused by poor localized contact. Heat is evenly dissipated from the entire bottom surface of the pump source 20, rather than concentrated on a few bumps, significantly reducing the core junction temperature of the pump source 20 and greatly improving its operational stability and lifespan.

[0084] The thermally conductive layer also provides mechanical stress buffering, improving the reliability and durability of the air-cooled fiber laser 100. The pump source 20 (typically a semiconductor laser) has a different coefficient of thermal expansion than the metal heat sink 112, generating thermal stress during temperature cycling (power-on-off). Hard, direct metal contact could damage the pump source 20 housing or internal structure due to stress. The presence of the thermally conductive layer (especially a soft thermal grease or pad) provides slight stress buffering and absorption, compensating for some of the dimensional changes caused by thermal expansion and contraction, reducing the mechanical stress applied to the pump source 20, thereby improving the reliability and durability of the entire module under long-term thermal cycling conditions.

[0085] In one possible implementation, the thermal conductive layer is thermal grease, which can fill the gap between the pump source 20 and the heat sink housing 112, thereby improving the thermal conductivity.

[0086] In one possible implementation, the air-cooled fiber laser 100 further includes an air guide shroud 50. The air guide shroud 50 connects the heat sink housing 112 and the fiber coil heat sink 12. The air guide shroud 50 is used to connect the first air duct 111 and the second air duct 121 to form a unified air duct.

[0087] The air guide shroud 50 creates a highly efficient, complete, and sealed airflow system, greatly reducing airflow loss and turbulence. The air guide shroud 50 physically connects the first airflow 111 of the pump source radiator 11 and the second airflow 121 of the fiber optic coil radiator 12. This forms a continuous, smooth, and sealed flow path from the exhaust port of the forced heat exchanger 40 (e.g., a fan) to the final exhaust port. This prevents cooling air leakage or turbulence at the connection point of the two independent heat dissipation modules (pump source radiator 11 and fiber optic coil radiator 12), ensuring that the vast majority of the airflow (air volume and air pressure) from the forced heat exchanger 40 is guided efficiently and systematically through the two most critical heat-generating areas (pump source 20 and active fiber optic coil 30), thereby maximizing airflow utilization efficiency and overall heat dissipation performance.

[0088] The air guide shroud 50 also facilitates a compact layout. By connecting two independent air ducts through the air guide shroud 50, the need for complex cavity design or the provision of large space for air deflection is reduced, thereby reducing the overall size and structural complexity of the unit. As a dedicated connecting component, the air guide shroud 50 can be shaped according to the optimal spatial layout (such as using an arc-shaped air duct) to bridge the pump source heat sink 11 and the fiber optic heat sink 12 in the most direct and compact way. It perfectly adapts to the separate yet highly integrated architecture of the heat dissipation structure 10, thus achieving a compact overall structure that is easy to carry.

[0089] The placement of the air guide shroud 50 further optimizes airflow organization, ensuring balanced and reliable heat dissipation. The design of the air guide shroud 50 allows for optimization of its internal flow field. For example, its internal shape can be designed to guide airflow evenly to the inlet of the second air duct 121 of the fiber optic radiator 12, preventing "flow deviation" where some areas have excessive airflow while others have insufficient airflow. This balanced and controllable airflow distribution ensures that each section of active fiber 30 on the fiber optic tube 122 receives stable and consistent cooling, avoiding localized overheating and significantly improving the reliability and consistency of system heat dissipation, thereby guaranteeing the power stability and beam quality of the laser output.

[0090] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in one possible implementation, the fiber optic radiator 12 includes a fiber optic coil 122 and second fins 123. A second air duct 121 is formed in the fiber optic coil 122. A winding groove 124 is provided on the outer periphery of the fiber optic coil 122. The winding groove 124 is used for winding the active fiber 30. The second fins 123 are disposed in the second air duct 121 and connected to the fiber optic coil 122.

[0091] In one possible implementation, the winding groove 124 is a threaded groove used to guide the winding of the active fiber 30.

[0092] In one possible implementation, the radius of the coiling groove 124 is greater than the minimum coiling radius of the active fiber 30.

[0093] In one possible implementation, the fiber optic coil 122 is generally cylindrical, with the active fiber 30 wound around the outer circumference of the coil 122. The second air duct 121 extends along the axial direction of the cylinder.

[0094] In one possible implementation, the second fin 123 is evenly arranged around the inner circumference of the fiber cylinder 122.

[0095] The arrangement of the fiber coil 122 and the second fin 123 achieves close contact with the active fiber 30, greatly shortening the heat conduction path and doubling the heat dissipation efficiency. By directly opening a winding groove 124 on the outer periphery of the fiber coil 122, the active fiber 30 is tightly coiled and embedded in the winding groove 124. This maximizes the contact area between the active fiber 30 (heat source) and the fiber coil 122 (heat sink), achieving direct and close physical contact. After heat is generated from the active fiber 30, it is conducted almost directly to the wall of the fiber coil 122 with almost zero distance. The heat conduction path is extremely short, and the thermal resistance is minimal, achieving the most efficient and direct heat transfer from the heat source to the heat sink.

[0096] By incorporating a second fin 123 within the fiber coil 122, the effective heat dissipation area is significantly increased within a limited space. The second fin 123 is also incorporated into the second air duct 121 inside the fiber coil 122, transforming it from a simple "winding tube + air duct" into a highly efficient "finned heat exchanger." The second fin 123 greatly increases the effective surface area of ​​the inner wall of the fiber coil 122 in contact with the cooling air, enabling a heat dissipation capacity several times greater than that of a smooth-walled air duct within the limited cylindrical space of the second air duct 121. This ensures that the large amount of heat generated by the concentrated winding and high heat density of the active fiber 30 is rapidly and effectively carried away by the flowing cooling air.

[0097] The fiber optic coil radiator 12 perfectly integrates the winding, heat conduction, and heat exchange functions into a single component, achieving a high degree of structural integration and functional unification, thus enabling the entire unit to be miniaturized. Winding function: The active fiber 30 is neatly and securely coiled through the coiling groove 124. Heat conduction function: The fiber optic coil 122 itself acts as the core heat conductor, absorbing heat from the active fiber 30. Heat exchange function: Efficient convection heat exchange with air is achieved through the second air duct 121 with integrated second fins 123. This makes the fiber optic coil radiator 12 extremely compact and efficient.

[0098] In one possible implementation, the second fins 123 are arranged in a sunflower pattern on the inner side of the fiber coil 122.

[0099] In one possible implementation, the forced heat exchanger 40 is connected to the side of the fiber optic radiator 12 away from the pump source radiator 11.

[0100] The forced heat exchanger 40 is connected to the side of the fiber optic radiator 12 away from the pump source radiator 11, creating a highly efficient, unidirectional, series flow field to maximize airflow utilization efficiency and heat dissipation consistency. This layout, combined with the air guide shroud 50, defines an optimal cooling airflow path: the forced heat exchanger 40 draws in air, cooling air is drawn into the first air duct 111 of the pump source radiator 11 to cool the pump source 20, and then flows through the air guide shroud 50 into the second air duct 121 of the fiber optic radiator 12 to cool the active fiber 30. Finally, it is discharged outside the machine through the forced heat exchanger 40, or the forced heat exchanger 40 blows air, with the entire air duct performing heat dissipation in reverse.

[0101] The forced heat exchanger 40 is located on one side, avoiding heat flow short-circuiting and mutual interference, and ensuring the cooling effect of key components. If the forced heat exchanger 40 is placed between the pump source radiator 11 and the fiber optic coil radiator 12 or near the pump source 20, some cooling air may be directly short-circuited and discharged after cooling the pump source 20, without flowing through the fiber optic coil radiator 12, resulting in insufficient cooling of the active fiber 30. This invention places the forced heat exchanger 40 at the very end of the system's airflow path (the intake end), using suction to ensure that the cooling air must pass completely through the entire pump source radiator 11 and the fiber optic coil radiator 12 before being discharged, completely eliminating airflow short-circuiting and thermal interference, and providing reliable and sufficient cooling for both core heat sources, the pump source 20 and the active fiber 30.

[0102] The forced heat exchanger 40, positioned at the end of the system as a suction source, creates negative pressure within the chassis, allowing heated air to be rapidly and directionally drawn away from the heat dissipation structure 10 and exhausted to the outside of the unit. This prevents hot air from accumulating and circulating inside the laser, thus preventing the internal ambient temperature from rising and indirectly protecting other temperature-sensitive components such as circuits and optical elements. Simultaneously, this straight-line airflow layout with "air intake on one side and air exhaust on the other" is clear and streamlined, reducing the need for complex cavities designed for air redirection and further contributing to the compactness and miniaturization of the overall structure.

[0103] In one possible implementation, the forced heat exchanger 40 is a fan.

[0104] like Figure 12 As shown, in one possible implementation, the fiber optic coil radiator 12 further includes a fixing part 125. The fixing part 125 is located on the side of the fiber optic coil 122 facing away from the pump source radiator 11. The fixing part 125 is used for fixed connection to the forced heat exchanger 40.

[0105] The mounting unit 125 achieves a high degree of integration and modularity between the fiber optic radiator 12 and the forced heat exchanger 40, greatly simplifying the overall assembly and improving structural rigidity. As a dedicated mechanical interface, the mounting unit 125 directly and securely connects the fiber optic radiator 12 (core heat dissipation module) and the forced heat exchanger 40 (power source module) into a unified "heat dissipation power unit." This eliminates the need for additional brackets, connectors, or complex assembly processes, achieving a highly integrated modular design with "plug-and-play" functionality. It reduces the number of parts and assembly time, lowers manufacturing costs, and forms a robust whole, improving the system's mechanical stability against vibration and shock, making it ideal for the mobile conditions that handheld devices may face.

[0106] Meanwhile, the fixing part 125 ensures the precision and sealing of the air duct connection, maximizing heat dissipation efficiency. The alignment accuracy between the air inlet of the forced heat exchanger 40 and the outlet of the second air duct 121 of the fiber optic radiator 12 is crucial; any misalignment or gap will lead to severe airflow leakage and pressure loss, significantly reducing heat dissipation efficiency. Precise positioning and secure connection via the fixing part 125 ensure that the air inlet of the forced heat exchanger 40 and the outlet of the second air duct 121 are completely concentric and seamlessly connected. This establishes a well-sealed airflow channel, allowing the airflow and pressure generated by the forced heat exchanger 40 to be fully utilized in the air duct system without loss, ensuring that the forced convection heat transfer effect meets design expectations.

[0107] Furthermore, the mounting part 125 optimizes the system layout and center of gravity distribution, supporting a compact overall design. Fixing the fan directly to the side of the fiber optic coil 122 away from the pump source 20 is an extremely compact spatial layout strategy. It fully utilizes the end face space of the cylindrical structure of the fiber optic coil 122, stacking two nearly cylindrical components axially, significantly reducing the overall size of the device. Simultaneously, this layout places heavier components such as the motor closer to one end of the device, facilitating a more balanced distribution of the center of gravity. For devices requiring hand-carrying or movement, this improves operational balance and portability.

[0108] In one possible implementation, the fixing part 125 is fixed to the forced heat exchanger 40 by screws.

[0109] like Figure 13 As shown, in one possible implementation, the fiber optic tube 122 is provided with a high-reflection grating region 126 and a low-reflection grating region 127. The high-reflection grating region 126 is provided with a high-reflection grating 31. The output end of the pump fiber 21 of the pump source 20 is fused to the input end of the high-reflection grating 31. The input end of the active fiber 30 is fused to the output end of the high-reflection grating 31. The low-reflection grating region 127 is provided with a low-reflection grating 32. The output end of the active fiber 30 is fused to the input end of the low-reflection grating 32. The output end of the low-reflection grating 32 is used to output laser light.

[0110] By incorporating a high-reflectivity grating region 126 and a low-reflectivity grating region 127 into the fiber optic tube 122, a high degree of integration is achieved. In traditional fiber lasers, the high-reflectivity grating 31 (HR), the low-reflectivity grating 32 (OC), the active fiber 30 (gain fiber), and the pump combiner are multiple independent discrete optical components, connected in series via fiber optic fusion splicing, each requiring separate fixing and heat dissipation structures, occupying a significant amount of space. By incorporating the high-reflectivity grating region 126 and the low-reflectivity grating region 127 into the fiber optic tube 122, the high-reflectivity grating 31 and the low-reflectivity grating 32 are directly fabricated in specific areas (high-reflectivity grating region 126 and low-reflectivity grating region 127) of the fiber optic tube 122, making them an inseparable whole with the fiber optic tube 122, which serves as the heat dissipation body. This eliminates the need for independent packaging of the gratings, mounting brackets, and long fiber optic sections connecting them, thus minimizing the size of the laser's core optical path system and achieving overall portability.

[0111] Furthermore, the fiber optic tube 122 is equipped with a high-reflection grating area 126 and a low-reflection grating area 127, which greatly improves the mechanical stability and reliability of the system. The connection between all optical components (high-reflection grating 31, low-reflection grating 32, active fiber 30) is achieved by direct fusion splicing on the fiber optic tube 122. The "full fusion" structure achieved through the fiber optic tube 122 forms an extremely robust whole, eliminating a series of reliability problems caused by the use of multiple connectors and adapters in traditional solutions, such as alignment errors, aging, loose connection points, and sensitivity to vibration. This improves the stability of the entire laser resonator and provides extremely strong resistance to vibration and shock, making it particularly suitable for handheld welding equipment that needs to be moved and transported, ensuring long-term light output stability and lifespan.

[0112] Furthermore, the fiber optic tube 122 is equipped with a high-reflectivity grating region 126 and a low-reflectivity grating region 127, optimizing the thermal management environment and ensuring the stability of laser output power and wavelength. The high-reflectivity grating 31 and low-reflectivity grating 32 are extremely sensitive to temperature; their center wavelengths drift with temperature, and excessively high temperatures can even cause permanent damage. By directly integrating the high-reflectivity grating 31 and low-reflectivity grating 32 onto the fiber optic tube 122, and leveraging the efficient heat dissipation of the tube 122, the heat generated by the high-reflectivity grating 31 and low-reflectivity grating 32 can be directly and efficiently removed by the forced air cooling system through the wall of the fiber optic tube 122 and the internal second fins 123. This provides a constant, low-temperature operating environment for the high-reflectivity grating 31 and low-reflectivity grating 32, effectively suppressing temperature drift and ensuring the long-term stability of the laser output wavelength and power. Simultaneously, it protects the high-reflectivity grating 31 and low-reflectivity grating 32 themselves, preventing damage due to overheating.

[0113] Furthermore, the high-reflectivity grating area 126 and the low-reflectivity grating area 127 on the fiber optic coil 122 simplify the assembly process and reduce manufacturing costs. By simplifying the complex assembly process of the high-reflectivity grating 31 and the low-reflectivity grating 32, which requires high-precision alignment, into the winding of the active fiber 30 and the welding of the high-reflectivity grating 31 and the low-reflectivity grating 32 on the same fiber optic coil 122, the reliance on precision mechanical adjustment frames is reduced, the production process is simplified, assembly time is reduced, and product consistency and yield are improved, thereby helping to reduce the overall manufacturing cost of the laser.

[0114] In one possible implementation, the high-reflectivity grating area 126 is laid flat on the fiber optic tube 122, and the high-reflectivity grating 31 is laid flat in the high-reflectivity grating area 126.

[0115] In one possible implementation, the pump source 20 outputs 915 / 976nm laser light through the pump fiber 21. The pump fiber 21 is fused to the high-reflectivity grating 31 on the fiber optic tube 122, and the active fiber 30 is fused to the high-reflectivity grating 31. The active fiber 30 is coiled around the coiling groove 124 on the outer ring of the fiber optic tube 122. After coiling, it is fused together with the low-reflectivity grating 32 on the fiber optic tube 122. The high-reflectivity grating 31, the active fiber 30, and the low-reflectivity grating 32 optically form a gain fiber resonant cavity. The entire gain fiber resonant cavity is coiled on the structure of the fiber optic tube 122. The 915 / 976nm laser light from the pump source 20 is excited to produce a 1080nm single-mode laser light after passing through the gain fiber resonant cavity.

[0116] In one possible implementation, the high-reflectivity grating region 126 is located on the side of the fiber optic coil 122 away from the pump source radiator 11.

[0117] In one possible implementation, the low-reflection grating region 127 is located on the side of the fiber optic coil 122 near the pump source heat sink 11, i.e., along the extension direction of the second air duct 121, while the high-reflection grating region 126 and the low-reflection grating region 127 are located on both sides of the fiber optic coil 122. The winding groove 124 is located between the high-reflection grating region 126 and the low-reflection grating region 127.

[0118] From a mechanical layout perspective, the pump source 20 is usually arranged as a module at one end of the equipment, and the high-reflectivity grating area 126 is set on the side of the fiber optic coil 122 away from the pump source 20. This provides more ample and direct operating space for the pump fiber 21 to connect to the high-reflectivity grating 31. The fiber routing path can be straighter, avoiding complex bends and reducing installation stress. This simplifies the assembly process and is also conducive to long-term reliability.

[0119] Meanwhile, the pump source 20 is the most powerful heat source in the entire system, generating a large amount of heat during operation. The high-reflectivity grating 31 is the most temperature-sensitive component. Placing the high-reflectivity grating region 126 on the side of the fiber optic tube 122 away from the pump source heat sink 11 effectively places the high-reflectivity grating 31 in the position furthest from the main heat source and least affected by its radiant heat. This minimizes the heating effect of the pump source 20 on the high-reflectivity grating 31 through thermal radiation and heat conduction through the fiber optic tube 122, providing a relatively low-temperature and stable thermal environment for the high-reflectivity grating 31. This effectively suppresses wavelength drift and ensures the long-term stability of the laser output wavelength and power, which is crucial for guaranteeing the laser's performance.

[0120] In one possible implementation, the fiber optic coil 122 is provided with a reinforcing rib 128. The reinforcing rib 128 is located in the second air duct 121 and is connected to the fiber optic coil 122.

[0121] The addition of reinforcing ribs 128 significantly enhances the structural rigidity and strength of the fiber coil 122, improving its resistance to vibration and deformation. As a core structural component, the fiber coil 122 must bear the tension of the wound active fiber 30, its own weight, and potential external vibrations and impacts. The reinforcing ribs 128 inside the second air duct 121 are equivalent to adding an internal support frame to the wall of the fiber coil 122, greatly improving its bending and torsional rigidity and preventing deformation or vibration during processing, transportation, or use. This ensures the positional stability of the wound active fiber 30 and the fused grating, avoiding optical path alignment errors or connection point stress caused by micro-displacements, thus ensuring long-term stability of laser output and equipment reliability.

[0122] Meanwhile, the reinforcing ribs 128 further increase the effective heat dissipation area and enhance the heat exchange effect. The reinforcing ribs 128, located inside the second air duct 121, can be made of metal (usually integrally machined or welded to the fiber coil 122) and are firmly connected to the wall of the fiber coil 122. Therefore, each reinforcing rib 128 becomes a second fin 123 extending from the fiber coil 122 into the second air duct 121. They are also flushed by the flowing cooling air, effectively transferring the heat absorbed by the fiber coil 122 to the air. Thus, without increasing the external volume of the fiber coil 122, the total heat exchange surface area is further increased, improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency of the fiber coil radiator 12.

[0123] Furthermore, the reinforcing ribs 128 optimize airflow organization and improve heat dissipation uniformity. A well-designed array of reinforcing ribs 128 can both guide and turbulent the airflow within the second air duct 121. This guides air to be distributed more evenly throughout the second air duct 121, preventing dead zones. Simultaneously, they disrupt the laminar boundary layer, enhancing airflow turbulence and thus strengthening the heat exchange between the airflow and the metal wall of the fiber optic coil 122, allowing heat to be carried away more efficiently.

[0124] In one possible implementation, the reinforcing rib 128 is a cross-shaped structure, which improves the structural stiffness and strength of the fiber coil 122 while reducing the number of additional reinforcing ribs 128 required.

[0125] The air-cooled fiber laser 100 provided in this application includes a heat dissipation structure 10, a pump source 20, an active fiber 30, and a forced heat exchanger 40. The heat dissipation structure 10 includes a pump source heat sink 11 and a fiber coil heat sink 12 connected to each other. The pump source heat sink 11 has a first air duct 111. The fiber coil heat sink 12 has a second air duct 121. The first air duct 111 and the second air duct 121 are interconnected. The pump source 20 is disposed on the pump source heat sink 11 to transfer heat to the pump source heat sink 11. The active fiber 30 is wound around the fiber coil heat sink 12 to transfer heat to the fiber coil heat sink 12. The forced heat exchanger 40 is connected to the heat dissipation structure 10 for forced convection heat transfer.

[0126] By employing a connected pump source heat sink 11 and a fiber optic coil heat sink 12, and designing the pump source heat sink 11 and the fiber optic coil heat sink 12 separately and independently, the pump source 20 is placed on the pump source heat sink 11, and the active fiber 30 is wound around the fiber optic coil heat sink 12. This breaks the limitations of traditional integrated heat dissipation structures where the heat dissipation of the pump source 20 and the active fiber 30 are mutually constrained and their size is difficult to reduce. This modular and distributed layout allows each heat dissipation unit to be optimally sized according to its own heat load, resulting in a compact and reasonable structure, optimized heat dissipation path, and avoidance of enlarging the overall size to meet overall heat dissipation requirements. This reduces the size of the laser, lowers the overall volume and weight, and achieves portability and lightweighting. Furthermore, the first air duct 111 of the pump source heat sink 11 and the second air duct 121 of the fiber optic coil heat sink 12 are interconnected and centrally driven by the forced heat exchanger 40, forming a unified and efficient airflow organization system to achieve efficient heat dissipation. Meanwhile, the interconnected first air duct 111 and second air duct 121 allow cooling air to flow orderly through all key heat-generating components (pump source 20 and active fiber 30), avoiding airflow short-circuiting and heat accumulation, ensuring rapid and uniform heat dissipation, and guaranteeing the thermal stability of the laser under long-term high-power operation. The fiber optic heat sink 12 not only functions as a winding coil but also as a highly efficient heat conduction component. The heat generated by the active fiber 30 can be rapidly conducted through the tightly contacting fiber optic heat sink 12 to its second air duct 121, where it is directly carried away by the flowing cooling air. This optimizes the path from the heat source to the heat dissipation medium, reduces thermal resistance, and improves heat dissipation efficiency.

[0127] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A wind-cooled fiber laser, characterized in that, include: The heat dissipation structure includes a pump source heat sink and a fiber optic heat sink connected to each other. The pump source heat sink is provided with a first air duct, and the fiber optic heat sink is provided with a second air duct. The first air duct and the second air duct are interconnected. A pump source, wherein the pump source is disposed on the pump source heat sink to transfer heat to the pump source heat sink; An active fiber is wound around the fiber optic radiator to transfer heat to the fiber optic radiator. A forced heat exchanger is connected to the heat dissipation structure and is used for forced convection heat transfer. The fiber optic heat sink includes a fiber optic tube and a second fin. A second air duct is formed in the fiber optic tube, and a winding groove is provided on the outer periphery of the fiber optic tube for winding the active fiber. The second fin is disposed in the second air duct and connected to the fiber optic tube. The fiber optic tube is provided with a high-reflection grating region and a low-reflection grating region. The high-reflection grating region is provided with a high-reflection grating. The output end of the pump fiber of the pump source is fused to the input end of the high-reflection grating. The input end of the active fiber is fused to the output end of the high-reflection grating. The low-reflection grating region is provided with a low-reflection grating. The output end of the active fiber is fused to the input end of the low-reflection grating. The output end of the low-reflection grating is used to output laser light.

2. The air-cooled fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pump source radiator includes a heat dissipation shell, a heat exchange tube, and a first fin. A first air duct is formed in the heat dissipation shell. The heat exchange tube is disposed in the first air duct and connected to the heat dissipation shell. The first fin is connected to the heat exchange tube. The pump source is connected to the heat dissipation shell.

3. The air-cooled fiber laser according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pump source is connected to the heat dissipation housing through a heat-conducting layer.

4. The air-cooled fiber laser according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air-cooled fiber laser also includes an air guide shroud, which connects the heat dissipation housing and the fiber optic radiator. The air guide shroud is used to connect the first air duct and the second air duct.

5. The air-cooled fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forced heat exchanger is connected to the side of the fiber optic radiator away from the pump source radiator.

6. The air-cooled fiber laser according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fiber optic radiator also includes a fixing part, which is located on the side of the fiber optic coil away from the pump source radiator, and is used to fix the forced heat exchanger.

7. The air-cooled fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-reflectivity grating area is located on the side of the fiber optic disc away from the pump source heat sink.

8. The air-cooled fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber optic coil is provided with reinforcing ribs, which are located in the second air duct and connected to the fiber optic coil.

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