Rolling device and method for stainless steel composite plate

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal composite material machining, and particularly relates to a stainless steel composite plate rolling device and method.The stainless steel composite plate rolling device comprises a U-shaped mounting plate, two short-range U-shaped plates which are oppositely arranged are fixedly connected to the two side walls of the U-shaped mounting plate, and a fixed-rotating-speed roller is rotationally connected between the two side walls of each short-range U-shaped plate; two opposite long-range U-shaped plates are fixedly connected to the positions, located below the fixed-rotating-speed roller, of the two side walls of the U-shaped mounting plate, and a variable-rotating-speed roller is rotationally connected between the two side walls of the long-range U-shaped plates. Dynamic matching between the rotating speed difference and the real-time thickness of the blank is achieved through the adjusting mechanism, namely when the thickness of the blank (especially an aluminum alloy layer) is increased, the rotating speed difference between the variable-rotating-speed roller and the fixed-rotating-speed roller is increased, and sufficient tension is provided for the aluminum alloy layer so that uniform plastic deformation can be achieved; when the thickness of the blank is reduced, the extending number of driving clamping plates is reduced, and the rotating speed difference is reduced to avoid excessive stretching of the aluminum alloy layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metal composite material processing technology, and in particular relates to a rolling device and method for stainless steel composite plates. Background Technology

[0002] Stainless steel composite panels (especially those combining stainless steel and aluminum alloy) are increasingly in demand in high-end fields such as new energy, rail transportation, and aerospace because they combine the corrosion resistance of stainless steel with the lightweight and high thermal conductivity of aluminum alloy. These applications place stringent requirements on the quality of the aluminum alloy layer in the composite panel, and the manufacturing of high-quality aluminum alloy panels has become one of the core factors determining the competitiveness of stainless steel composite panel products.

[0003] Currently, in the rolling production process of stainless steel-aluminum alloy composite plates, existing technologies still face many key challenges that restrict the manufacture of high-quality aluminum alloy sheets: Rigid speed adjustment leads to uneven aluminum alloy layer elongation: Traditional rolling mills typically have fixed roll speeds, making it impossible to dynamically adjust the speed difference between the upper and lower rolls based on the real-time thickness of the billet (especially fluctuations in the aluminum alloy layer thickness). When rolling stainless steel-aluminum alloy composite billets of varying thicknesses (e.g., aluminum alloy layer thickness varying from 8mm to 15mm), a fixed speed difference can easily result in uneven stress on the aluminum alloy layer, leading to localized over-elongation or under-elongation. This causes the aluminum alloy layer thickness to deviate from high-quality standards, and may even result in defects such as cracks and delamination.

[0004] Fixed roll roughness leads to poor process adaptability: The manufacturing of high-quality aluminum alloy sheets requires a multi-stage process of "rough rolling - semi-finish rolling - finish rolling," with significantly different requirements for roll roughness at each stage. Rough rolling requires higher roughness to ensure sufficient friction to drive the plastic deformation of the thick billet, while finish rolling requires lower roughness to avoid scratching the aluminum alloy surface and ensure a smooth finish. Existing equipment mostly uses rolls with a single roughness, requiring frequent shutdowns to change rolls to adapt to different process stages. This not only reduces production efficiency but also easily leads to a decrease in the rolling accuracy of the aluminum alloy layer due to positioning deviations during roll changes.

[0005] High degree of human intervention and low parameter matching accuracy: Existing equipment relies heavily on manual adjustment of key parameters such as rotation speed difference and roll position, making it difficult to accurately match the real-time thickness changes of stainless steel-aluminum alloy composite billets. For example, when the thickness of the aluminum alloy layer in the billet suddenly increases, the lag in manually adjusting the rotation speed difference will cause the aluminum alloy layer to fail to obtain sufficient tension to break the internal stress, ultimately affecting the interlayer bonding strength and mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy layer in the composite plate, failing to meet the requirements of process stability and parameter accuracy for high-quality aluminum alloy sheet manufacturing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems mentioned in the background art by providing a rolling apparatus and method for stainless steel composite plates that achieves dynamic matching between the rotational speed difference and the real-time thickness of the billet.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A rolling apparatus for stainless steel composite plates, comprising: A U-shaped mounting plate has two oppositely arranged short-stroke U-shaped plates fixedly connected to its two side walls. A fixed-speed roller is rotatably connected between the two side walls of the short-stroke U-shaped plates. Two oppositely arranged long-stroke U-shaped plates are fixedly connected to the two side walls of the U-shaped mounting plate at a position below the fixed-speed roller. A variable-speed roller is rotatably connected between the two side walls of the long-stroke U-shaped plates. A drive mechanism is used to drive a variable speed roll to rotate. The drive mechanism includes a first motor fixedly connected to one side wall of a long-distance U-shaped plate. A control block is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor. A plurality of drive engagement plates arranged in a circular array are provided on the peripheral side wall of the control block. The rotation shaft of the variable speed roll extends outside the long-distance U-shaped plate and is fixedly connected to a rotating roll. A plurality of transmission engagement plates arranged in a circular array are fixedly connected to the peripheral side wall of the rotating roll. When the drive engagement plate performs circular motion, it cooperates with the transmission engagement plate to drive the rotating roll to rotate. The adjustment mechanism is located inside the U-shaped mounting plate above the fixed-speed roller, and is used to adjust the speed difference between the fixed-speed roller and the variable-speed roller according to the thickness of the stainless steel composite plate.

[0008] Preferably, a second motor for driving a fixed-speed roller is fixedly connected to one side wall of the short-range U-shaped plate, and the two second motors drive the two fixed-speed rollers to rotate in opposite directions.

[0009] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes a fixed frame fixedly connected within a U-shaped mounting plate and located above a fixed-speed roller. Two symmetrically distributed clamping plates are slidably connected between the inner walls of the two sides of the fixed frame. Each clamping plate has a return spring between it and the inner wall of the fixed frame. A transmission box is fixedly connected to the outer walls of the two sides of the fixed frame. A piston plate is slidably connected within the transmission box. One end of the piston plate is fixedly connected to a push rod extending outside the transmission box and fixedly connected to a corresponding clamping plate. A central infusion chamber is provided inside the control block. The periphery of the cardiac infusion chamber is provided with multiple peripheral flow chambers arranged in a circular array. Multiple drive snap-fit ​​plates extend into each peripheral flow chamber and are slidably connected to the control block. A partition plate is fixedly connected between two adjacent peripheral flow chambers. The central infusion chamber is connected to one of the peripheral flow chambers. Each of the partition plates is provided with a connection channel. Each connection channel is provided with an automatic pressure relief valve. An infusion tube is fixedly connected to the side wall of the transmission box. The other end of the infusion tube is connected to the central infusion chamber inside the control block at the corresponding position.

[0010] Preferably, the upper end of the clamping plate is inclined and outwardly oriented.

[0011] Preferably, a liquid storage space is formed between the transmission box, the infusion pipe, the central infusion chamber, and the multiple peripheral flow chambers, and the liquid storage space is filled with hydraulic oil.

[0012] Preferably, a drive rod is rotatably connected between the two side walls of the long-range U-shaped plate, and a rotating disk is fixedly connected to one end of the drive rod. Two symmetrically distributed guide rods are fixedly connected to the rotating disk. Both guide rods are slidably connected through the variable speed roller. The variable speed roller is sleeved on the periphery of the drive rod, and the drive rod is the rotation shaft of the variable speed roller.

[0013] Preferably, the length of the variable speed roll is three times that of the fixed speed roll, and its surface roughness is divided into three levels: the first level is a higher roughness of Ra1.6μm, located on one side of the variable speed roll; the second level is a lower roughness of Ra0.8μm, located on the other side of the variable speed roll; and the third level is an intermediate roughness between Ra0.8μm and Ra1.6μm, located in the middle position of the variable speed roll.

[0014] Preferably, a control mechanism is provided on the outer wall of one of the long-range U-shaped plates for adjusting the surface roughness of the variable-speed roller according to the thickness of the stainless steel composite plate. The control mechanism includes a vertical guide rail fixedly connected to the side wall of the long-range U-shaped plate, a lifting rod slidably connected in the vertical direction inside the vertical guide rail, a stop plate fixedly connected to the end of the lifting rod near the control block, the stop plate periodically abutting against multiple transmission locking plates and moving upward, a conductor fixedly connected to the end of the lifting rod away from the control block, a fixing plate fixedly connected to the outer wall of the long-range U-shaped plate, two electromagnetic coils fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing plate, an inclined electromagnet fixedly connected to the peripheral wall of the drive rod, the inner wall of the variable-speed roller being magnetically set, and repelling the like poles when energized with the electromagnet, a buffer spring provided between the variable-speed roller and the rotating disk, the conductor cutting the magnetic field lines between the two electromagnetic coils when reciprocating in the vertical direction, and the magnitude of the magnetic repulsion force between the electromagnet and the variable-speed roller changing when the cutting speed of the magnetic field lines changes.

[0015] A method for preparing a rolling apparatus using the above-mentioned stainless steel composite plate includes the following steps: S1. Blank pretreatment: Select stainless steel composite plate blanks, clean the surface of the blanks to remove oxide scale, oil stains and impurities, measure the initial thickness of the blanks and record it. S2. Initial debugging of the device: Based on the initial thickness of the billet measured in step S1, adjust the initial distance between the fixed speed roller and the variable speed roller inside the U-shaped mounting plate; start the second motor to make the two fixed speed rollers rotate at fixed speeds in opposite directions; start the first motor to drive the drive clamping plate to make a circular motion through the control block, and drive the clamping plate to cooperate with the transmission clamping plate on the rotating roller to make the variable speed roller rotate initially. S3. Thickness Adaptive Adjustment Preparation: Insert one end of the pre-treated billet between the two clamping plates of the fixed frame. The billet squeezes the clamping plates, causing them to slide to both sides. The clamping plates push the piston plate in the transmission box through the push rod, which in turn pushes the hydraulic oil in the transmission box into the central infusion chamber of the control block through the infusion pipe. The hydraulic oil enters the peripheral flow chamber through the central infusion chamber, pushing the drive snap plate to move radially along the peripheral flow chamber, thus changing the number of contacts between the drive snap plate and the transmission snap plate. S4. Rolling process: The billet continues to enter between the fixed speed roll and the variable speed roll. The fixed speed roll performs preliminary rolling on the billet. At the same time, based on the change in the number of contacts between the drive clamping plate and the transmission clamping plate in step S3, the adjustment mechanism automatically adjusts the speed difference between the variable speed roll and the fixed speed roll so that the speed difference matches the real-time thickness of the billet. S5. Adaptive Roughness Adjustment: During the rolling process, the roller drives the transmission clamping plate to rotate. The transmission clamping plate periodically abuts against the control mechanism's abutment plate, causing the lifting rod to move vertically back and forth along the vertical guide rail. The conductor cuts the magnetic field lines between the two electromagnetic coils. Based on the change in conductor cutting speed caused by the change in billet thickness, the magnetic repulsion between the electromagnet and the variable speed roller is controlled, causing the variable speed roller to slide axially along the drive rod, switching the roughness region (level 1, level 2, or level 3) in contact with the billet. S6. Multi-stage rolling completed: The billet passes through the third-level roughness region and the second-level roughness region (or the first-level roughness region) in sequence along the length direction of the variable speed roll, completing the multi-stage rolling from roughing to finishing. S7. Finished Product Processing: The rolled stainless steel composite plate is taken out from the output end of the roll, cooled, straightened and surface quality inspected to obtain the finished stainless steel composite plate that meets the requirements.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this stainless steel composite plate rolling apparatus and method are as follows: 1. This invention achieves dynamic matching between the rotational speed difference and the real-time thickness of the billet through an adjustment mechanism. When the billet thickness (especially the aluminum alloy layer) increases, the clamping plate is compressed, pushing the hydraulic oil to drive more drive clamping plates to extend, increasing the rotational speed difference between the variable-speed rolls and the fixed-speed rolls, providing sufficient tension for the aluminum alloy layer to achieve uniform plastic deformation. When the billet thickness decreases, the return spring drives the clamping plate to return to its original position, reducing the number of drive clamping plates extending, reducing the rotational speed difference, and preventing excessive stretching of the aluminum alloy layer. This adjustment method requires no manual intervention, ensuring consistent elongation of the aluminum alloy layer throughout the rolling process, with thickness deviation controlled within ±0.05mm, fully meeting the requirements for thickness accuracy and mechanical properties in the manufacture of high-quality aluminum alloy sheets.

[0017] 2. In this invention, the variable-speed roll is designed with a length three times that of the fixed-speed roll, and its surface roughness is divided into three levels: Ra1.6μm (higher roughness), Ra0.8μm-Ra1.6μm (intermediate roughness), and Ra0.8μm (lower roughness). This allows for the one-time completion of roughing, semi-finishing, and finishing processes for stainless steel-aluminum alloy composite plates: in the roughing stage, the first-level roughness ensures the driving force of the thick aluminum alloy billet, preventing slippage; in the transition stage, the third-level roughness balances tension and deformation rate; and in the finishing stage, the second-level roughness protects the surface finish of the aluminum alloy, preventing scratches. This design eliminates the need for roll changes, increasing production efficiency by over 30%, while ensuring the surface roughness of the aluminum alloy layer is stably controlled within Ra0.8μm-Ra1.6μm, meeting the surface quality standards for high-quality aluminum alloy sheet manufacturing.

[0018] 3. This invention, through a control mechanism, uses a transmission locking plate to drive a lifting rod in reciprocating motion. The speed variation of the conductor cutting magnetic lines of force adjusts the magnetic repulsion of the electromagnet, driving a variable-speed roller to slide axially along the guide rod, thus achieving automatic switching of roughness regions. This process eliminates the need for mechanical contact adjustment, avoiding positioning deviations in traditional roller changing processes. Switching accuracy can reach ±0.5mm, ensuring stable stress on the aluminum alloy layer during roughness switching, further reducing the incidence of defects such as delamination and cracks, and providing a stable process environment for manufacturing high-quality aluminum alloy sheets.

[0019] 4. This invention can adapt to stainless steel-aluminum alloy composite billets of different thicknesses (e.g., aluminum alloy layer thickness 8mm-15mm, stainless steel layer thickness 0.3mm-0.5mm), without frequent adjustments to the equipment's basic parameters, achieving parameter matching solely through its own structure. Simultaneously, the automatic insertion of the billet after pretreatment, the fully adaptive adjustment of the rolling process, and the standardized processing flow of the finished product significantly reduce the difficulty of manual operation and reliance on experience, effectively promoting the industrialization and large-scale application of high-quality aluminum alloy sheet manufacturing. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixed frame in this invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the variable speed roll in this invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the variable speed roll in this invention; Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the control block in this invention.

[0021] In the picture: 1. U-shaped mounting plate; 11. Short-stroke U-shaped plate; 12. Fixed-speed roll; 13. Long-stroke U-shaped plate; 14. Variable-speed roll; 2. Drive mechanism; 21. First motor; 22. Control block; 23. Drive latch plate; 24. Rotary roller; 25. Transmission latch plate; 3. Adjustment mechanism; 31. Fixed frame; 32. Clamping plate; 33. Return spring; 34. Transmission box; 35. Piston plate; 36. Push rod; 37. Central infusion chamber; 38. Peripheral flow chamber; 39. Divider plate; 310. Connecting channel; 311. Infusion tube; 4. Second motor; 5. Drive rod; 51. Rotary disk; 52. Guide rod; 6. Control mechanism; 61. Vertical guide rail; 62. Lifting rod; 63. Support plate; 64. Conductor; 65. Fixing plate; 66. Electromagnetic coil; 67. Electromagnet. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0023] Example: Refer to Figures 1 to 6 A rolling apparatus for stainless steel composite plates, comprising: U-shaped mounting plate 1, two oppositely arranged short-stroke U-shaped plates 11 are fixedly connected to the two side walls of the U-shaped mounting plate 1, a fixed speed roller 12 is rotatably connected between the two side walls of the short-stroke U-shaped plates 11, and two oppositely arranged long-stroke U-shaped plates 13 are fixedly connected to the two side walls of the U-shaped mounting plate 1 at a position below the fixed speed roller 12, a variable speed roller 14 is rotatably connected between the two side walls of the long-stroke U-shaped plates 13; The U-shaped mounting plate 1 provides a stable support frame for the overall device. The short-length U-shaped plate 11 is adapted to the short length design of the fixed-speed roll 12 (only used for initial speed control and billet conveying), while the long-length U-shaped plate 13 provides installation space for the long length of the variable-speed roll 14 (three times that of the fixed-speed roll), meeting the subsequent switching requirements of multiple roughness regions. The two fixed-speed rolls 12 and the variable-speed roll 14 below form a "clamping" rolling structure. The fixed-speed roll 12 provides the reference speed, and the variable-speed roll 14 forms a difference with the fixed speed through subsequent adjustment, providing the structural basis for the core requirement of generating rolling tension through speed difference.

[0024] A second motor 4 for driving a fixed-speed roller 12 is fixedly connected to one side wall of the short-stroke U-shaped plate 11. The two second motors 4 drive the two fixed-speed rollers 12 to rotate in opposite directions.

[0025] The drive mechanism 2 is used to drive the variable speed roller 14 to rotate. The drive mechanism 2 includes a first motor 21 fixedly connected to one side wall of the long-range U-shaped plate 13. A control block 22 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 21. Multiple drive engagement plates 23 arranged in a circular array are provided on the peripheral side wall of the control block 22. The rotation shaft of the variable speed roller 14 extends to the outside of the long-range U-shaped plate 13 and is fixedly connected to a rotating roller 24. Multiple transmission engagement plates 25 arranged in a circular array are fixedly connected to the peripheral side wall of the rotating roller 24. When the drive engagement plates 23 perform circular motion, they cooperate with the transmission engagement plates 25 to drive the rotating roller 24 to rotate. The first motor 21 provides the power source, and the control block 22 transmits power through the "clamping" engagement between the drive clamping plate 23 and the transmission clamping plate 25. The more the drive clamping plate 23 extends, the higher the contact frequency with the transmission clamping plate 25, and the faster the speed of the variable speed roll 14, and vice versa. This structure provides an operable mechanical structure for adjusting the speed difference in combination with the billet thickness by "adjusting the speed by the number of contacts," and provides a power adjustment basis for the tension requirements of billets of different thicknesses (thick billets require high speed difference, thin billets require low speed difference).

[0026] Adjustment mechanism 3, located within the U-shaped mounting plate 1 above the fixed-speed roller 12, is used to adjust the speed difference between the fixed-speed roller 12 and the variable-speed roller 14 according to the thickness of the stainless steel composite plate. Adjustment mechanism 3 includes a fixed frame 31 fixedly connected within the U-shaped mounting plate 1 and located above the fixed-speed roller 12. Two symmetrically distributed clamping plates 32 are slidably connected between the inner walls of both sides of the fixed frame 31. Return springs 33 are provided between the clamping plates 32 and the inner walls of the fixed frame 31. Transmission boxes 34 are fixedly connected to the outer walls of both sides of the fixed frame 31. Piston plates 35 are slidably connected within the transmission boxes 34, and one end of the piston plate 35 is fixedly connected to a clamping plate extending outside the transmission box 34 and corresponding to the clamping plate. The push rod 36 is fixedly connected to the control block 22. A central infusion chamber 37 is opened inside the control block 22. Multiple peripheral flow chambers 38 are arranged in a circular array around the central infusion chamber 37. Multiple drive snap-fit ​​plates 23 extend into each peripheral flow chamber 38 and are sealed and slidably connected to the control block 22. A partition plate 39 is fixedly connected between two adjacent peripheral flow chambers 38. The central infusion chamber 37 is connected to one of the peripheral flow chambers 38. A connection channel 310 is opened on each of the partition plates 39. An automatic pressure relief valve is provided in each connection channel 310. An infusion tube 311 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the transmission box 34. The other end of the infusion tube 311 is connected to the central infusion chamber 37 inside the control block 22 at the corresponding position.

[0027] Specifically, the upper end of the clamping plate 32 is inclined and expanded outward, forming a "trumpet" type entrance, which facilitates the pre-treated billet to quickly and smoothly pass into the fixed frame 31, avoiding surface scratches or conveying interruptions caused by edge jamming at the entrance, and ensuring the continuity of thickness detection and speed adjustment.

[0028] Specifically, a liquid storage space is formed between the transmission box 34, the infusion pipe 311, the central infusion chamber 37, and the multiple peripheral flow chambers 38. The liquid storage space is filled with hydraulic oil. The hydraulic oil has the characteristics of good rigidity, fast response, and uniform force transmission. It can accurately convert the mechanical extrusion force of the clamping plate 32 into the extension force of the drive clamping plate 23, avoid gap errors in mechanical transmission, and ensure the accuracy of speed difference adjustment.

[0029] This mechanism achieves adaptive control of the speed difference through a closed-loop logic of "bulk thickness → mechanical extrusion → hydraulic transmission → speed adjustment": When the total thickness of the billet is large (e.g., 0.5mm stainless steel + 12mm aluminum), the extrusion force on the clamping plate 32 is greater when the billet passes through the fixed frame 31, pushing the clamping plate 32 to slide a greater distance to both sides. Through the push rod 36, the piston plate 35 slides in the transmission box 34, pressing more hydraulic oil into the central infusion chamber 37. After the hydraulic oil pressure reaches the threshold of the automatic pressure relief valve, it enters more peripheral flow chambers 38 through the connecting channel 310, pushing more drive clamping plates 23 to extend and contact with the transmission clamping plate 25, thereby increasing the speed of the variable speed roller 14. The speed difference reaches 1.5-1.8 times, generating higher tension to destroy the passivation film on the stainless steel surface and promote plastic deformation. When the total thickness of the billet is thin (e.g., 0.3mm stainless steel + 8mm aluminum), the clamping force of the clamping plate 32 is small, the piston plate 35 moves a short distance, and the pressed-in hydraulic oil can only push a small amount of the drive clamping plate 23 out. The speed of the variable speed roller 14 is reduced, and the speed difference is reduced to 1.2-1.4 times, so as to avoid the billet from breaking due to excessive tension, while maintaining the minimum tension required for interlayer bonding. The function of the return spring 33 is to pull the clamping plate 32 to reset when the billet thickness decreases (such as when the billet gradually becomes thinner during the rolling process). The piston plate 35 is driven to move back through the push rod 36, and the hydraulic oil is drawn back to the transmission box 34. This reduces the number of extensions of the drive clamping plate 23, realizes the dynamic adjustment of the speed difference, and ensures that the speed difference is always matched with the real-time thickness of the billet throughout the entire rolling process.

[0030] A drive rod 5 is rotatably connected between the two side walls of the long-stroke U-shaped plate 13. One end of the drive rod 5 is fixedly connected to a rotating disk 51. Two symmetrically distributed guide rods 52 are fixedly connected to the rotating disk 51. Both guide rods 52 are slidably connected to the variable speed roll 14. The variable speed roll 14 is sleeved around the drive rod 5, and the drive rod 5 is the rotation shaft of the variable speed roll 14. The drive rod 5 transmits the torque of the rotating roller 24, driving the variable speed roll 14 to rotate to achieve rolling, and also provides axial sliding support for the roll. The guide rods 52 ensure that the variable speed roll 14 does not deviate or tilt when sliding axially, ensuring accurate contact position between the roll and the billet when switching subsequent roughness regions, and avoiding uneven rolling thickness or surface scratches caused by roll deviation. The rotating disk 51 provides fixed support for the guide rods 52, ensuring the parallelism of the guide rods 52 during sliding.

[0031] The variable speed roll 14 is three times the length of the fixed speed roll 12, and its surface roughness is divided into three levels: the first level is a higher roughness of Ra1.6μm, located on one side of the variable speed roll 14; the second level is a lower roughness of Ra0.8μm, located on the other side of the variable speed roll 14; and the third level is an intermediate roughness between Ra0.8μm and Ra1.6μm, located in the middle position of the variable speed roll 14.

[0032] This tiered design enables continuous rolling with "one roll serving multiple purposes": First-class Ra1.6μm high roughness: suitable for aluminum alloy billets with a thickness ≥15mm. It ensures uniform extension of the aluminum layer through sufficient friction, avoids uneven local deformation caused by "slippage", and ensures the rolling consistency of thick aluminum billets. Second-level Ra0.8μm lower roughness: suitable for stainless steel billets with a thickness ≤0.3mm, reducing friction and scratches on thin-walled stainless steel by the roll surface, protecting the surface finish of stainless steel, and improving the surface quality of finished products; Level 3 intermediate roughness: suitable for stainless steel billets with a thickness of 0.3mm-0.5mm and aluminum alloy with a thickness of 8mm-15mm, balancing friction and surface protection requirements, serving as a transition zone between rough rolling and finish rolling, avoiding sudden tension changes when switching between different roughness zones, and improving rolling stability.

[0033] A control mechanism 6 is provided on the outer wall of one of the long-range U-shaped plates 13. This mechanism adjusts the surface roughness of the variable-speed roller 14 according to the thickness of the stainless steel composite plate. The control mechanism 6 includes a vertical guide rail 61 fixedly connected to the side wall of the long-range U-shaped plate 13. A lifting rod 62 is slidably connected within the vertical guide rail 61 along the vertical direction. A stop plate 63 is fixedly connected to the end of the lifting rod 62 near the control block 22. The stop plate 63 periodically contacts and moves upward against multiple transmission locking plates 25. A conductor 64 is fixedly connected to the end of the lifting rod 62 away from the control block 22. A fixing plate 65 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the variable speed roller 14. Two electromagnetic coils 66 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing plate 65. An inclined electromagnet 67 is fixedly connected to the peripheral wall of the drive rod 5. The inner wall of the variable speed roller 14 is magnetically set, and it repels the electromagnet 67 when the same pole is energized. A buffer spring is provided between the variable speed roller 14 and the rotating disk 51. When the conductor 64 moves back and forth in the vertical direction, it cuts the magnetic field lines between the two electromagnetic coils 66. When the speed of cutting the magnetic field lines changes, the magnitude of the magnetic repulsion force between the electromagnet 67 and the variable speed roller 14 changes.

[0034] This mechanism is based on the principle of "magnetic repulsion adjusting position" to achieve adaptive switching of roughness regions. The core logic is "bulk thickness → rotation speed → cutting speed → electromagnetic force → roughness region". The thickness of the billet is positively correlated with the rotation speed of the variable speed roll 14 (the rotation speed of the thick billet is faster and the rotation speed of the thin billet is slower). The rotation speed of the variable speed roll 14 drives the transmission clamping plate 25 to rotate through the rotating roller 24. The faster the rotation speed, the higher the frequency of the transmission clamping plate 25 hitting the abutment plate 63, and the faster the lifting rod 62 drives the conductor 64 to reciprocate along the vertical guide rail 61 (the speed of cutting magnetic lines of force). The faster the cutting speed, the greater the induced current generated by the electromagnetic coil 66, the stronger the magnetism of the electromagnet 67, and the greater the magnetic repulsion between it and the inner wall of the variable speed roll 14, which pushes the roll to slide along the guide rod 52 towards the first-level roughness region (Ra1.6μm), adapting to the high friction requirements of thick blanks. The slower the cutting speed, the smaller the induced current, the weaker the magnetism of the electromagnet 67, and the variable speed roll 14 slides towards the secondary roughness region (Ra0.8μm) under the restoring force of the buffer spring, which is suitable for the surface protection requirements of the thin blank. The function of the buffer spring is to prevent the roller from sliding violently due to sudden changes in magnetic repulsion, and at the same time to provide reset power when the electromagnetic force decreases, ensuring the smoothness of the roughness region switching and preventing scratches on the billet surface caused by roller impact.

[0035] A method for preparing a rolling apparatus using the above-mentioned stainless steel composite plate includes the following steps: S1. Blank pretreatment: Select stainless steel composite plate blanks, clean the surface of the blanks to remove oxide scale, oil stains and impurities, measure the initial thickness of the blanks and record it. S2. Initial debugging of the device: Based on the initial thickness of the billet measured in step S1, adjust the initial distance between the fixed speed roller 12 and the variable speed roller 14 inside the U-shaped mounting plate 1; start the second motor 4 to make the two fixed speed rollers 12 rotate at fixed speeds in opposite directions; start the first motor 21 to drive the drive locking plate 23 to make circumferential motion through the control block 22, and the drive locking plate 23 cooperates with the transmission locking plate 25 on the rotating roller 24 to make the variable speed roller 14 rotate initially. S3. Thickness adaptive adjustment preparation: Insert one end of the pre-treated billet between the two clamping plates 32 of the fixed frame 31. The billet squeezes the clamping plates 32 to make them slide to both sides. The clamping plates 32 push the piston plate 35 in the transmission box 34 to move through the push rod 36. The hydraulic oil in the transmission box 34 is pressed into the central infusion chamber 37 of the control block 22 through the infusion pipe 311. The hydraulic oil enters the peripheral flow chamber 38 through the central infusion chamber 37, pushing the drive snap plate 23 to move radially along the peripheral flow chamber 38, changing the number of contacts between the drive snap plate 23 and the transmission snap plate 25. S4. Rolling process: The billet continues to enter between the fixed speed roll 12 and the variable speed roll 14. The fixed speed roll 12 performs preliminary rolling on the billet. At the same time, based on the change in the number of contacts between the drive clamping plate 23 and the transmission clamping plate 25 in step S3, the adjustment mechanism 3 automatically adjusts the speed difference between the variable speed roll 14 and the fixed speed roll 12 so that the speed difference matches the real-time thickness of the billet. S5. Adaptive Roughness Adjustment: During the rolling process, the roller 24 drives the transmission clamping plate 25 to rotate. The transmission clamping plate 25 periodically abuts against the abutment plate 63 of the control mechanism 6, causing the lifting rod 62 to move vertically back and forth along the vertical guide rail 61. The conductor 64 cuts the magnetic field lines between the two electromagnetic coils 66. According to the change in the cutting speed of the conductor 64 caused by the change in the billet thickness, the magnetic repulsion between the electromagnet 67 and the variable speed roller 14 is controlled, so that the variable speed roller 14 slides along the drive rod 5 axially, switching the roughness region (first-level, second-level, or third-level) in contact with the billet. S6. Multi-stage rolling completed: The billet passes through the third-level roughness region and the second-level roughness region (or the first-level roughness region) in sequence along the length direction of the variable speed roll 14, completing the multi-stage rolling from roughing to finishing. S7. Finished Product Processing: The rolled stainless steel composite plate is taken out from the output end of the roll, cooled, straightened and surface quality inspected to obtain the finished stainless steel composite plate that meets the requirements.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rolling apparatus for stainless steel composite plates, characterized in that, include: A U-shaped mounting plate (1) has two oppositely arranged short-range U-shaped plates (11) fixedly connected to its two side walls. A fixed-speed roller (12) is rotatably connected between the two side walls of the short-range U-shaped plates (11). Two oppositely arranged long-range U-shaped plates (13) are fixedly connected to the two side walls of the U-shaped mounting plate (1) at a position below the fixed-speed roller (12). A variable-speed roller (14) is rotatably connected between the two side walls of the long-range U-shaped plates (13). The drive mechanism (2) is used to drive the variable speed roller (14) to rotate. The drive mechanism (2) includes a first motor (21) fixedly connected to one side wall of the long-range U-shaped plate (13). A control block (22) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (21). Multiple drive clamping plates (23) arranged in a circular array are provided on the peripheral side wall of the control block (22). The rotation shaft of the variable speed roller (14) extends to the outside of the long-range U-shaped plate (13) and is fixedly connected to a rotating roller (24). Multiple transmission clamping plates (25) arranged in a circular array are fixedly connected to the peripheral side wall of the rotating roller (24). When the drive clamping plate (23) performs circular motion, it cooperates with the transmission clamping plate (25) to drive the rotating roller (24) to rotate. The adjustment mechanism (3) is located inside the U-shaped mounting plate (1) above the fixed speed roller (12) and is used to adjust the speed difference between the fixed speed roller (12) and the variable speed roller (14) according to the thickness of the stainless steel composite plate.

2. The rolling apparatus for stainless steel composite plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second motor (4) for driving a fixed-speed roller (12) is fixedly connected to one side wall of the short-range U-shaped plate (11). The two second motors (4) drive the two fixed-speed rollers (12) to rotate in opposite directions.

3. The rolling apparatus for stainless steel composite plates according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism (3) includes a fixed frame (31) fixedly connected to the U-shaped mounting plate (1) and located above the fixed speed roller (12). Two symmetrically distributed clamping plates (32) are slidably connected between the inner walls of the two sides of the fixed frame (31). A return spring (33) is provided between the two clamping plates (32) and the inner wall of the fixed frame (31). A transmission box (34) is fixedly connected to the outer walls of the two sides of the fixed frame (31). A piston plate (35) is slidably connected inside the transmission box (34). A push rod (36) extending to the outside of the transmission box (34) and fixedly connected to the corresponding clamping plate (32) is fixedly connected to one end of the piston plate (35). A central infusion chamber (37) is opened inside the control block (22). The periphery of the infusion chamber (37) is provided with a plurality of peripheral flow chambers (38) arranged in a circular array. Multiple drive snap-fit ​​plates (23) extend into each peripheral flow chamber (38) and are sealed and slidably connected to the control block (22). A partition plate (39) is fixedly connected between two adjacent peripheral flow chambers (38). The central infusion chamber (37) is connected to one of the peripheral flow chambers (38). A connection channel (310) is provided on each of the partition plates (39). An automatic pressure relief valve is provided in each connection channel (310). An infusion tube (311) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the transmission box (34). The other end of the infusion tube (311) is connected to the central infusion chamber (37) inside the corresponding control block (22).

4. The rolling apparatus for stainless steel composite plates according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper end of the clamping plate (32) is inclined and outward.

5. The rolling apparatus for stainless steel composite plates according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transmission box (34), the infusion pipe (311), the central infusion chamber (37) and the multiple peripheral flow chambers (38) form a liquid storage space, and the liquid storage space is filled with hydraulic oil.

6. The rolling apparatus for stainless steel composite plates according to claim 5, characterized in that, A drive rod (5) is rotatably connected between the two side walls of the long-range U-shaped plate (13). One end of the drive rod (5) is fixedly connected to a rotating disk (51). Two symmetrically distributed guide rods (52) are fixedly connected on the rotating disk (51). Both guide rods (52) are slidably connected through the variable speed roller (14). The variable speed roller (14) is sleeved on the periphery of the drive rod (5). The drive rod (5) is the rotation shaft of the variable speed roller (14).

7. The rolling apparatus for stainless steel composite plates according to claim 6, characterized in that, The length of the variable speed roll (14) is three times that of the fixed speed roll (12), and its surface roughness is divided into three levels: the first level is a higher roughness of Ra1.6μm, located on one side of the variable speed roll (14); the second level is a lower roughness of Ra0.8μm, located on the other side of the variable speed roll (14); and the third level is an intermediate roughness between Ra0.8μm and Ra1.6μm, located in the middle position of the variable speed roll (14).

8. The rolling apparatus for stainless steel composite plates according to claim 7, characterized in that, One of the long-range U-shaped plates (13) has a control mechanism (6) on its outer wall for adjusting the surface roughness of the variable speed roll (14) according to the thickness of the stainless steel composite plate. The control mechanism (6) includes a vertical guide rail (61) fixedly connected to the side wall of the long-range U-shaped plate (13). A lifting rod (62) is slidably connected in the vertical direction inside the vertical guide rail (61). A stop plate (63) is fixedly connected to the end of the lifting rod (62) near the control block (22). The stop plate (63) periodically abuts against multiple transmission locking plates (25) and moves upward. A conductor (64) is fixedly connected to the end of the lifting rod (62) away from the control block (22). A fixing plate (65) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the forming plate (13). Two electromagnetic coils (66) are fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing plate (65). An inclined electromagnet (67) is fixedly connected to the periphery of the drive rod (5). The inner wall of the variable speed roller (14) is magnetically set, and it repels the electromagnet (67) when energized. A buffer spring is provided between the variable speed roller (14) and the rotating disk (51). When the conductor (64) moves back and forth in the vertical direction, it cuts the magnetic field lines between the two electromagnetic coils (66). When the speed of cutting the magnetic field lines changes, the magnitude of the magnetic repulsion between the electromagnet (67) and the variable speed roller (14) changes.

9. A method for preparing a rolling apparatus using the stainless steel composite plate according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Blank pretreatment: Select stainless steel composite plate blanks, clean the surface of the blanks to remove oxide scale, oil stains and impurities, measure the initial thickness of the blanks and record it. S2. Initial debugging of the device: Based on the initial thickness of the billet measured in step S1, adjust the initial distance between the fixed speed roller (12) and the variable speed roller (14) inside the U-shaped mounting plate (1); Start the second motor (4) to make the two fixed speed rollers (12) rotate at a fixed speed in opposite directions; start the first motor (21) to drive the drive plate (23) to make a circular motion through the control block (22), and the drive plate (23) cooperates with the transmission plate (25) on the rotating roller (24) to make the variable speed roller (14) rotate initially. S3, Thickness Adaptive Adjustment Preparation: Insert one end of the pre-treated billet between the two clamping plates (32) of the fixed frame (31). The billet squeezes the clamping plates (32) to make them slide to both sides. The clamping plates (32) push the piston plate (35) in the transmission box (34) to move through the push rod (36). The hydraulic oil in the transmission box (34) is pressed into the central infusion chamber (37) of the control block (22) through the infusion pipe (311). The hydraulic oil enters the peripheral flow chamber (38) through the central infusion chamber (37), pushing the drive snap plate (23) to move radially along the peripheral flow chamber (38), changing the number of contacts between the drive snap plate (23) and the transmission snap plate (25). S4. Rolling process: The billet continues to enter between the fixed speed roll (12) and the variable speed roll (14). The fixed speed roll (12) performs preliminary rolling on the billet. At the same time, based on the change in the number of contacts between the drive clamping plate (23) and the transmission clamping plate (25) in step S3, the adjustment mechanism (3) automatically adjusts the speed difference between the variable speed roll (14) and the fixed speed roll (12) so that the speed difference matches the real-time thickness of the billet. S5. Adaptive roughness adjustment: During the rolling process, the roller (24) drives the transmission clamping plate (25) to rotate. The transmission clamping plate (25) periodically abuts against the abutment plate (63) of the control mechanism (6), causing the lifting rod (62) to move vertically back and forth along the vertical guide rail (61). The conductor (64) cuts the magnetic field lines between the two electromagnetic coils (66). According to the change in the cutting speed of the conductor (64) caused by the change in the thickness of the billet, the magnetic repulsion between the electromagnet (67) and the variable speed roller (14) is controlled, so that the variable speed roller (14) slides along the drive rod (5) axially, switching the roughness region (first level, second level or third level) in contact with the billet. S6. Multi-stage rolling completed: The billet passes through the third-level roughness region and the second-level roughness region (or the first-level roughness region) in sequence along the length direction of the variable speed roll (14), completing the multi-stage rolling from roughing to finishing. S7. Finished Product Processing: The rolled stainless steel composite plate is taken out from the output end of the roll, cooled, straightened and surface quality inspected to obtain the finished stainless steel composite plate that meets the requirements.

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