A free-fishing type choke

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of throttles, in particular to a fishing-free throttle, which comprises a main body, slips, a connecting sleeve, a fishing head, a sealing cylinder and a sandproof cover. A plurality of slips are arranged in a ring shape on the main body. The connecting sleeve is arranged in the main body. The fishing head is inserted into the connecting sleeve and connected with the connecting sleeve. The connecting cylinder is arranged in the main body. The sealing cylinder is arranged on the connecting cylinder. The sealing cylinder is jointly arranged with the main body and is provided with a sealing gasket. The sandproof cover is arranged below the sealing cylinder. The valve core and the air nozzle are arranged in the sealing cylinder. The air nozzle is slidably connected with the sealing cylinder through a sealing ring. The air nozzle and the sealing cylinder are connected with a shearing spring. The valve core comprises a fixed core and a movable core. The valve core is divided into the fixed core and the movable core. When the pressure is reduced, the movable core is driven to move by the air nozzle to increase the throttling passage of the valve core, so that the fishing-free throttle is realized, and the yield of the oil and gas well can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flow control technology, specifically to a retrieval-free flow control. Background Technology

[0002] In the development of natural gas, downhole throttling technology is a crucial production process. This technology involves lowering a throttling device, along with a throttling nozzle of a specific size installed inside, to a predetermined depth in the oil and gas well. By utilizing the throttling effect, it reduces the pressure and temperature during the flow of natural gas, effectively preventing the formation of surface pipelines and hydrates, and ensuring stable and safe production in the oil and gas well. It is particularly suitable for high-pressure gas reservoirs.

[0003] As oil and gas well production enters the mid-to-late stages, formation energy gradually diminishes, and bottom hole flowing pressure decreases accordingly. At this point, when the gas flows from inside the well to the surface pipeline, the pressure drop does not cause a sudden drop in gas temperature. If the throttling channel of the throttling device remains unchanged, it will produce a significant throttling effect, resulting in unnecessary pressure loss. Instead, it will increase the gas flow resistance, causing a rapid decrease in oil and gas well production, and even making it impossible to carry out the bottom hole fluid. This severely restricts the production efficiency of oil and gas well drainage and gas production in the later stages. To restore production capacity, it is usually necessary for the work team to use specialized drilling or retrieval tools to remove the original throttling device from thousands of meters down the well. This process is costly and has a long construction period.

[0004] To address the aforementioned retrieval challenges, patent application CN202011206411.8, entitled "Self-Drop Mechanism and Method for Using Downhole Cutter Nozzle in Oil and Gas Wells," proposes a solution. This patent designs a self-dropping nozzle mechanism. When the oil and gas well pressure drops to a level where throttling is no longer necessary, the nozzle in this mechanism detaches from the throttling device body and falls to the bottom of the well under the action of built-in springs and other components. This creates a large central channel inside the throttling device, significantly reducing gas flow resistance. This method meets the production needs of oil and gas wells for "early-stage throttling and pressure reduction, and mid-to-late-stage drainage and gas production," avoiding dedicated retrieval operations and saving manpower and resources. Meanwhile, the patent also designed a backup mechanical knocking trigger mechanism. Even if the gas nozzle fails to fall off automatically, the valve core can be made to pass through by throwing a tool, thereby opening the large channel, which further improves the reliability of the device. However, during the entire process of the oil and gas well pressure dropping from high pressure to low pressure, the size of its throttling channel is fixed before it falls off. During this period, as the downhole pressure naturally decays, the fixed throttling orifice will generate increasingly greater flow resistance, causing the oil and gas well production to continue to decline during this stage.

[0005] Therefore, in order to achieve retrieval-free throttling of the throttling device while ensuring the production of oil and gas wells, a retrieval-free throttling device is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a retrieval-free throttle valve. In order to achieve the retrieval-free throttle valve and ensure the production of oil and gas wells, the valve core is divided into a fixed core and a movable core. When the pressure decreases, the movable core is moved by the air nozzle to increase the throttle channel of the valve core, thereby achieving the retrieval-free throttle valve and ensuring the production of oil and gas wells.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A non-retrieval throttling device includes a main body, slips, a connecting sleeve, a retrieval head, a sealing cylinder, and a sand shield. Multiple slips are arranged in a ring on the main body. A connecting sleeve is fitted inside the main body. The retrieval head is inserted into and connected to the connecting sleeve. A connecting cylinder is installed inside the main body, and a sealing cylinder is fitted onto the connecting cylinder. A sealing gasket is installed on both the sealing cylinder and the main body. A sand shield is located below the sealing cylinder. A valve core and an air nozzle are located inside the sealing cylinder. The air nozzle is slidably sealed to the sealing cylinder via a sealing ring. A shear spring connects the air nozzle and the sealing cylinder. The valve core includes a fixed core and a movable core. The fixed core is conical in shape, and the movable core has an opening. The fixed core is inserted into the opening to form a throttling channel. The fixed core is fixedly connected to the sealing cylinder, and the movable core is slidably connected to the sealing cylinder. The movable core is connected to the air nozzle via a connector.

[0009] After the slips open and bite the inner wall of the tubing, the internal pressure of the oil and gas well squeezes the sealing cylinder. The movement of the sealing cylinder pushes the sealing gasket open, making it fit against the inner wall of the tubing, thus setting the throttle. When the throttle enters the tubing, the internal pressure of the oil and gas well squeezes the nozzle, causing the shear spring to be fully compressed. This, through the connector, pushes the movable core towards the fixed core, minimizing the width of the throttle channel. At this point, the throttle effect is optimal, ensuring the pressure reduction and preventing hydrate formation that could clog the tubing. When the internal pressure of the oil and gas well decreases, the shear spring force exceeds the pressure on the nozzle, pushing the nozzle to move. The connector then drives the movable core to move, enlarging the throttle channel. This reduces the pressure reduction effect of the throttle on natural gas when the internal pressure of the oil and gas well decreases, ensuring both natural gas temperature and oil and gas well production.

[0010] Preferably, the sealing cylinder includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder. The inner cylinder is connected to the outer cylinder by a pin. The air nozzle is slidably sealed to the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder respectively. The air nozzle is provided with a sliding groove. The inner cylinder is provided with a boss located inside the sliding groove. The fixed core, connecting piece, and movable core are all provided on the inner cylinder.

[0011] By setting up the inner cylinder, after the pressure inside the oil and gas well decreases, the boss moves to the limit position of the slide groove. Under the action of the separation spring, the air nozzle squeezes the inner cylinder, causing the inner cylinder to shear the pin, thereby breaking the pin. This allows the inner cylinder to separate from the outer cylinder, causing the valve core and air nozzle to fall into the sandproof cover, thus maximizing the opening of the throttle channel and ensuring the production of the oil and gas well.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting component includes an adjusting cylinder and an adjusting block. The adjusting cylinder is threaded onto the inner cylinder, the adjusting block is disposed on the air nozzle, the movable core is connected to the adjusting cylinder, the adjusting cylinder is provided with an inclined guide groove, and the adjusting block is located inside the guide groove.

[0013] During the process of reducing pressure inside an oil and gas well, the nozzle will undergo significant displacement, and the moving core will move synchronously with the nozzle. Excessive changes in the throttling channel will reduce the pressure reduction effect of the throttling device, leading to the formation of hydrates inside the tubing. To address this, an adjusting cylinder is installed, which is threadedly connected to the inner cylinder. Relying on the adjusting block, the nozzle moves linearly, driving the adjusting cylinder to rotate spirally. This, in turn, allows the moving core to adjust slowly, resulting in higher precision in the throttling channel adjustment. This avoids excessive adjustment that would prevent effective pressure reduction.

[0014] Preferably, the guide groove is divided into an inclined portion and a vertical portion, the inclined portion and the vertical portion are arranged at intervals, the inclined portion is inclined, and the vertical portion is vertical.

[0015] By dividing the guide groove into an inclined section and a vertical section, the regulating block will not drive the regulating cylinder to rotate when it moves along the vertical section. When the regulating block moves along the inclined section, it squeezes the regulating cylinder to rotate. Therefore, the throttling channel can be adjusted intermittently with the pressure, thereby avoiding pressure fluctuations inside the oil and gas well. The moving core is prone to wear and damage due to frequent movement, thus improving the service life of the throttling device. It can also ensure stable flow velocity inside the tubing. Stable flow velocity can minimize the erosion and wear of the pipe wall by sand and droplets.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of convex rings are evenly arranged on the outer cylinder, and the axial distance between the convex rings is equal to the sum of the vertical length of the inclined portion and the vertical length of the vertical portion. When the sealing ring contacts the convex ring, the adjusting block moves to the inclined portion.

[0017] By setting a convex ring, when the sealing ring on the nozzle contacts the convex ring, the movement resistance of the nozzle is increased. When the pressure change inside the oil and gas well is small, the nozzle cannot move when the adjusting block moves to the inclined part. At this time, the pressure fluctuation will only drive the adjusting block to move inside the vertical part, preventing the adjusting cylinder from moving. However, when the pressure change inside the oil and gas well is large, the nozzle overcomes the resistance at the convex ring and moves. At this time, the resistance of the nozzle will decrease instantly, allowing the nozzle to move a larger distance. This will cause the adjusting block to move along the inclined part and move to the next vertical part, thus preventing the adjusting block from staying inside the inclined part. This avoids the moving core from moving frequently and being easily worn and damaged during pressure fluctuations, and ensures the stability of the flow velocity inside the tubing.

[0018] Preferably, the vertical part has a compression channel on its side wall, an air bladder is provided inside the compression channel, the middle part of the adjusting cylinder is threadedly connected to the inner cylinder, the two ends of the adjusting cylinder are provided with ring-shaped air bladders, the air bladders are connected to each other, and a compression block is slidably installed inside the compression channel.

[0019] By using airbag one and airbag two, when the adjusting block moves to the vertical position, the adjusting block presses the pressing plate, causing the pressing plate to compress airbag one, which in turn causes airbag two to expand, sealing the gap between the adjusting cylinder and the inner cylinder. This prevents internal impurities from entering the threads of the adjusting cylinder connection, which could cause the adjusting cylinder to become stuck and unable to move. When the adjusting block moves to the inclined position, the adjusting block will not press the pressing plate, causing airbag two to contract, thus preventing airbag two from being damaged by friction due to the movement of the adjusting cylinder.

[0020] Preferably, the adjusting block is slidably connected to the air nozzle, and the adjusting block and the air nozzle are jointly equipped with a heat-receiving spring. The heat-receiving spring is made of shape memory alloy, and one end of the adjusting block extends to the outer cylinder and contacts the convex ring.

[0021] By sliding the regulating block onto the gas nozzle and connecting it to the nozzle via a heated spring, the heated spring contracts when the throttle temperature exceeds the set temperature, causing the regulating block to move towards the outer cylinder. This moves the regulating block to the convex ring, thus restricting the movement of the gas nozzle. This prevents the throttle channel from opening too wide, which would prevent the throttle from effectively reducing pressure, leading to excessively high natural gas temperatures and the formation of hydrates that clog the tubing and affect oil and gas well production.

[0022] Preferably, a limiting block is provided inside the extrusion channel, and the extrusion block is provided with a chamfer that is at the same inclination angle as the inclined part. When the extrusion block and the limiting block are extruded, the chamfer is coplanar with the side wall of the inclined part.

[0023] By setting the chamfer, when the adjustment section transitions from the inclined section to the vertical section, the adjustment block can squeeze the compression block to move and squeeze the airbag, thereby ensuring the feasibility of the throttle. By setting the limit block, the problem of the compression block protruding from the side of the inclined section and causing the adjustment block to get stuck inside the inclined section can be avoided.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. By dividing the valve core into a fixed core and a movable core, and connecting the air nozzle to the movable core through a connector, when the pressure inside the tubing decreases, the air nozzle drives the movable core to move and increase the throttling channel, thereby increasing the oil and gas well production while ensuring the pressure reduction effect of the throttling device.

[0026] 2. The adjusting cylinder inside the connector is threaded to the inner cylinder. By setting an inclined guide groove on the adjusting cylinder, the linear movement of the air nozzle controls the spiral movement of the movable core, so that the movable core can be slowly adjusted, making the adjustment accuracy of the throttling channel higher. This avoids the adjustment amount being too large, which would not achieve an effective pressure reduction effect. As a result, the oil and gas well products would have high pressure after passing through the throttling device, and the pressure would drop and the temperature would drop when the products move to the surface. This would cause the product temperature to be too low, resulting in hydrate blockage of the oil pipe and a decrease in oil and gas well production.

[0027] 3. The guide groove is divided into an inclined section and a vertical section. When the adjusting block moves along the vertical section, it will not drive the adjusting cylinder to rotate. When the adjusting block moves along the inclined section, the adjusting block squeezes the adjusting cylinder to rotate. Therefore, the throttling channel can be adjusted intermittently with the pressure, thereby avoiding pressure fluctuations inside the oil and gas well. The moving core is prone to wear and damage due to frequent movement, thus improving the service life of the throttling device. It can also ensure stable flow velocity inside the tubing, reduce the erosion and wear of the tubing wall by sand and droplets, and improve the service life of the tubing. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the movable core and adjusting cylinder of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of a section at point C.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Main body; 2. Slipper; 3. Connecting sleeve; 4. Retrieval head; 5. Sealing cylinder; 51. Inner cylinder; 52. Outer cylinder; 53. Pin; 6. Sandproof cover; 7. Sealing gasket; 8. Valve core; 81. Fixed core; 82. Movable core; 821. Through port; 9. Connecting piece; 91. Adjusting cylinder; 92. Adjusting block; 93. Guide groove; 931. Inclined part; 932. Vertical part; 10. Air nozzle; 11. Shear spring; 12. Sealing ring; 13. Throttling channel; 14. Slide groove; 15. Boss; 16. Connecting cylinder; 17. Soluble pin; 18. Limiting block; 19. Protruding ring; 20. Extrusion channel; 21. Airbag one; 22. Airbag two; 23. Extrusion block; 231. Chamfer; 24. Heated spring. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Please see Figures 1 to 6 This invention provides a retrieval-free throttle, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0036] A retrieval-free throttle device, please refer to Figures 1 to 5The system includes a main body 1 and a connecting sleeve 3, with the connecting sleeve 3 slidably connected to the main body 1. Three slips 2 are arranged in a ring on the main body 1. A retrieval head 4 is located inside the connecting sleeve 3. During operation, the connecting head is connected to a wire rope via a pin. The wire rope lowers the throttle to a predetermined depth inside the tubing. Then, a pump truck applies pressure from the wellhead into the tubing, squeezing the retrieval head 4 and causing relative displacement between the main body 1 and the connecting sleeve 3. This allows the connecting sleeve 3 to open the slips 2 and engage with the inner wall of the tubing, allowing the throttle to be lowered. The flow meter is fixed to the oil pipe; the main body 1 has a connecting cylinder 16 inside, and a sealing cylinder 5 is provided on the connecting cylinder 16. The sealing cylinder 5 is divided into an outer cylinder 52 and an inner cylinder 51. The outer cylinder 52 is sleeved on the connecting cylinder 16, and the inner cylinder 51 is connected to the outer cylinder 52 by a pin 53. A sealing gasket 7 is connected between the outer cylinder 52 and the main body 1. A valve core 8 is provided on the inner cylinder 51. The valve core 8 is divided into a fixed core 81 and a movable core 82. The fixed core 81 is conical, and the movable core 82 has an opening 821. Core 81 is embedded inside through port 821 to form throttling channel 13. Fixed core 81 is fixedly connected to inner cylinder 51, and movable core 82 is slidably connected to inner cylinder 51. Air nozzle 10 is slidably installed inside inner cylinder 51. Both ends of air nozzle 10 are provided with sealing rings 12. One sealing ring 12 contacts inner cylinder 51, and the other sealing ring 12 contacts outer cylinder 52. Shear spring 11 is provided between air nozzle 10 and outer cylinder 52. Movable core 82 is connected to air nozzle 10 through connector 9. A sand shield 6 is provided below 52. The connecting part 9 includes an adjusting cylinder 91 and an adjusting block 92. The adjusting cylinder 91 is threadedly connected to the inner cylinder 51. The adjusting block 92 is set on the air nozzle 10. The adjusting cylinder 91 is provided with a guide groove 93. The adjusting block 92 is located inside the guide groove 93. The guide groove 93 is divided into an inclined part 931 and a vertical part 932. The inclined part 931 is inclined and the vertical part 932 is vertical. The connecting cylinder 16 and the air nozzle 10 are both connected to the sealing cylinder 5 through a soluble pin 17.After the chuck 2 opens and bites the inner wall of the tubing, the internal pressure of the oil and gas well squeezes the sealing cylinder 5. After the soluble pin 17 melts, the outer cylinder 52 of the oil and gas well slides along the connecting cylinder 16, thereby squeezing the sealing gasket 7 to deform and adhere to the tubing, completing the seal between the throttle and the tubing. Meanwhile, the internal pressure of the oil and gas well squeezes the air nozzle 10, causing the shear spring 11 to be fully compressed. At this time, the width of the throttle channel 13 is at its minimum. When the internal pressure of the oil and gas well decreases, the shear spring 11 releases its elasticity, pushing the air nozzle 10 to move. The air nozzle 10 drives the adjusting block 92 to move to the inclined part 931. The adjusting block 92 squeezes the adjusting cylinder 91, causing the adjusting screw to rotate. This, in turn, causes the adjusting cylinder 91 to drive the movable core 82 to move axially, increasing the throttle channel 13, thereby increasing the pressure inside the oil and gas well. When the pressure decreases, the pressure reduction effect of the throttle on natural gas is reduced. While ensuring the natural gas temperature, the production of the oil and gas well is also guaranteed. The linear movement of the nozzle 10 drives the regulating cylinder 91 to rotate spirally, which in turn causes the movable core 82 to adjust slowly, resulting in higher adjustment accuracy of the throttle channel 13. This avoids excessive adjustment that would fail to achieve an effective pressure reduction effect. When the regulating block 92 moves along the vertical part 932, it does not drive the regulating cylinder 91 to rotate. Therefore, the throttle channel 13 can be adjusted intermittently with the pressure, thus avoiding pressure fluctuations inside the oil and gas well. Frequent movement of the movable core 82 can easily cause wear and damage, thereby improving the service life of the throttle and ensuring stable flow velocity inside the tubing. Stable flow velocity can minimize the erosion and wear of the tubing wall by sand particles and droplets.

[0037] Please see Figures 2 to 6The nozzle 10 is provided with a groove 14, and the inner cylinder 51 is provided with a boss 15, which is located inside the groove 14. After the pressure inside the oil and gas well decreases, the boss 15 moves to the limit position of the groove 14. Under the action of the separation spring, the nozzle 10 squeezes the inner cylinder 51, causing the inner cylinder 51 to shear the pin 53, thereby breaking the pin 53. This allows the inner cylinder 51 to detach from the outer cylinder 52, causing the valve core 8 and the nozzle 10 to fall into the sandproof cover 6, thereby maximizing the opening of the throttle channel and ensuring the production of the oil and gas well. The boss 15 can also be provided to prevent the nozzle 10 from rotating and causing the regulating cylinder 91 to rotate. The moving rod prevents the adjusting cylinder 91 from moving the movable core 82. Multiple convex rings 19 are evenly arranged on the outer cylinder 52, with the axial distance between the convex rings 19 equal to the sum of the vertical lengths of the inclined portion 931 and the vertical portion 932. When the sealing ring 12 on the nozzle 10 contacts the convex ring 19, it increases the moving resistance of the nozzle 10. At this time, the adjusting block 92 moves to the inclined portion 931. When the pressure change inside the oil and gas well is small, the nozzle 10 cannot move. At this time, pressure fluctuations in the nozzle 10 will only cause the adjusting block 92 to move within the vertical portion 932, preventing the adjusting cylinder 91 from moving. However, when the oil and gas well pressure changes significantly, the adjusting block 92 moves to the inclined portion 931. When the pressure inside the well fluctuates significantly, the nozzle 10 overcomes the resistance at the convex ring 19 and moves. At this time, the resistance of the nozzle 10 decreases instantaneously, causing it to move a considerable distance. This, in turn, moves the adjusting block 92 along the inclined section 931 and to the next vertical section 932. This prevents the adjusting block 92 from remaining inside the inclined section 931, thus avoiding frequent movement of the movable core 82 during pressure fluctuations, which could lead to wear and damage. It also ensures stable flow velocity inside the tubing. The adjusting block 92 is slidably connected to the nozzle 10, and both the adjusting block 92 and the nozzle 10 are equipped with a heated spring 24. 4. The material is a shape memory alloy. One end of the adjusting block 92 extends to the outer cylinder 52 and contacts the convex ring 19. When the throttling channel 13 is opened too wide, the pressure reduction effect of the throttling device is reduced, causing the overall temperature of the throttling device to rise. After the temperature of the throttling device exceeds the set temperature, the heated spring 24 contracts, causing the adjusting block 92 to move to the outer cylinder 52 side, and then to the convex ring 19, thereby restricting the movement of the gas nozzle 10. This prevents the throttling channel 13 from opening too wide, which would cause the throttling device to fail to effectively reduce pressure, resulting in excessively high natural gas temperature and the formation of hydrates that block the oil pipe, thus ensuring the production of oil and gas wells.

[0038] Please see Figures 2 to 6A compression channel 20 is provided on the side wall of the vertical part 932. An air bladder 21 is located inside the compression channel 20. The middle part of the adjusting cylinder 91 is threadedly connected to the inner cylinder 51. Two annular air bladders 22 are located at both ends of the adjusting cylinder 91. The air bladder 21 and the air bladder 22 are connected. A compression block 23 is slidably installed inside the compression channel 20. A limiting block 18 is provided inside the compression channel 20. The compression block 23 has a chamfer 231 with the same inclination angle as the inclined part 931. When the adjusting block 92 is not compressing the compression block 23, the compression block 23 moves to the limiting block 18 under the elastic force of the air bladder 21, making the chamfer 231 flush with the side wall of the inclined part 931. When the adjusting block 92 moves along the inclined part 931 to the vertical part 932, the adjusting block 92 compresses the compression block 23 along the chamfer 231, causing the compression block 23 to compress the air bladder 21, thus compressing the air bladder 21. The internal gas flows to the second airbag 22, causing it to inflate and sealing the regulating cylinder 91 with the inner cylinder 51. This prevents internal impurities from entering the threads of the regulating cylinder 91, which could cause it to become stuck and unable to move. When the regulating block 92 moves to the inclined section 931, it will not squeeze the extrusion plate, causing the second airbag 22 to contract. This prevents the second airbag 22 from being damaged by friction due to the movement of the regulating cylinder 91. With the chamfer 231, when the regulating section transitions from the inclined section 931 to the vertical section 932, the regulating block 92 can squeeze the extrusion block 23 to move and squeeze the first airbag 21, thus ensuring the feasibility of the throttle. With the limit block 18, the extrusion block 23 can be prevented from protruding from the side of the inclined section 931, thus preventing the regulating block 92 from getting stuck inside the inclined section 931.

[0039] Working principle: Please refer to Figures 1 to 6During operation, the connector is attached to a wire rope via a pin. The throttle is lowered into the tubing to a predetermined depth via the wire rope. Then, pressure is applied from the wellhead into the tubing by a pump truck to compress the retrieval head 4, causing relative displacement between the main body 1 and the connecting sleeve 3. This causes the connecting sleeve 3 to open the slips 2 and bite into the inner wall of the tubing, fixing the throttle to the tubing. After the slips 2 open and bite into the inner wall of the tubing, the internal pressure of the oil and gas well compresses the sealing cylinder 5. After the soluble pin 17 melts, the internal pressure of the oil and gas well causes the outer cylinder 52 to slide along the connecting cylinder 16, thereby compressing the sealing gasket 7 to deform and adhere to the tubing, completing the seal between the throttle and the tubing. Meanwhile, the internal pressure of the oil and gas well compresses the air nozzle 10, causing the shear spring 11 to be fully compressed. At this time, the width of the throttle channel 13 is at its minimum. When the internal pressure of the oil and gas well decreases, the shear spring 11 releases its elasticity. The air nozzle 10 is pushed to move, and the air nozzle 10 drives the adjusting block 92 to move to the inclined part 931. The adjusting block 92 squeezes the adjusting cylinder 91, causing the adjusting cylinder to rotate through the screw. This causes the adjusting cylinder 91 to drive the movable core 82 to move in the axial direction, increasing the throttling channel 13. When the adjusting block 92 moves along the inclined part 931 to the vertical part 932, the adjusting block 92 squeezes the squeezing block 23 along the chamfer 231, causing the squeezing block 23 to compress the first airbag 21. This causes the gas inside the first airbag 21 to flow to the second airbag 22, causing the second airbag 22 to expand. This seals the adjusting cylinder 91 with the inner cylinder 51, thus preventing internal impurities from entering the threads of the adjusting cylinder 91 and causing the adjusting cylinder 91 to be stuck and unable to move. When the adjusting block 92 moves to the vertical part 932, the movement of the air nozzle 10 will not drive the adjusting cylinder 91 to rotate.

[0040] When the throttling channel 13 is opened too wide, the pressure reduction effect of the throttler decreases, causing the overall temperature of the throttler to rise. When the temperature of the throttler exceeds the set temperature, the heated spring 24 contracts, causing the adjusting block 92 to move towards the outer cylinder 52, and then to the convex ring 19, thereby restricting the movement of the air nozzle 10, thus preventing the throttling channel 13 from opening too wide and causing the throttler to fail to effectively reduce pressure.

[0041] After the pressure inside the oil and gas well decreases, the boss 15 moves to the limit position of the slide groove 14. Under the action of the separation spring, the nozzle 10 squeezes the inner cylinder 51, causing the inner cylinder 51 to shear the pin 53, thereby breaking the pin 53. This allows the inner cylinder 51 to separate from the outer cylinder 52, causing the valve core 8 and the nozzle 10 to fall into the sandproof cover 6. This allows the throttle channel to open to the maximum, ensuring the production of the oil and gas well, and eliminating the need to retrieve the throttle.

[0042] The specific embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and ideas of the present invention should still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fishing-free type choke, characterized in that, The utility model provides a kind of sand control while drilling device, including main body (1), slip (2), connecting sleeve (3), fishing head (4), sealing cylinder (5), sand shield (6), the multiple slips (2) are annularly arranged on the main body (1), the connecting sleeve (3) is sleeved inside the main body (1), the fishing head (4) is inserted inside connecting sleeve (3) and is connected with connecting sleeve (3), the connecting cylinder (16) is installed in the main body (1), the sealing cylinder (5) is sleeved on the connecting cylinder (16), the sealing cylinder (5) is installed with sealing gasket (7) with main body (1), the sealing cylinder (5) below is equipped with sand shield (6), the sealing cylinder (5) is equipped with valve core (8) and air cock (10) inside, the air cock (10) is slidably sealed with the sealing cylinder (5) by sealing ring (12), shear spring (11) is connected between the air cock (10) and the sealing cylinder (5), the valve core (8) includes fixed core (81) and movable core (82), the fixed core (81) is conical, the movable core (82) is equipped with mouth (821), the fixed core (81) is inserted into mouth (821) and is matched to form throttling passage (13), the fixed core (81) is fixedly connected with the sealing cylinder (5), the movable core (82) is slidably connected with the sealing cylinder (5), the movable core (82) is connected with air cock (10) by connecting piece (9); The sealing cylinder (5) includes inner cylinder (51) and outer cylinder (52), the inner cylinder (51) is connected with the outer cylinder (52) by pin (53), the air cock (10) is slidably sealed with the outer cylinder (52) and the inner cylinder (51) respectively, the air cock (10) is equipped with sliding groove (14), the inner cylinder (51) is equipped with boss (15), the boss (15) is located in the sliding groove (14), the fixed core (81), the connecting piece (9) and the movable core (82) are all arranged on the inner cylinder (51); The connecting piece (9) includes adjusting cylinder (91) and adjusting block (92), the adjusting cylinder (91) is threadedly connected on the inner cylinder (51), the adjusting block (92) is arranged on the air cock (10), the movable core (82) is connected with the adjusting cylinder (91), the adjusting cylinder (91) is equipped with inclined guide slot (93), and the adjusting block (92) is located in the guide slot (93).

2. The unfished choke of claim 1, wherein, The guide slot (93) is divided into inclined portion (931) and vertical portion (932), the inclined portion (931) and the vertical portion (932) are arranged at intervals, the inclined portion (931) is arranged obliquely, and the vertical portion (932) is arranged vertically.

3. A drill-outless choke as defined in claim 2, wherein, The outer cylinder (52) is uniformly arranged with multiple convex rings (19), the axial distance of the convex ring (19) is equal to the sum of the vertical length of the inclined portion (931) and the vertical length of the vertical portion (932), when the sealing ring (12) contacts the convex ring (19), the adjusting block (92) moves to the inclined portion (931).

4. The unfished choke of claim 2, wherein, The vertical part (932) side wall is provided with extrusion channel (20), extrusion channel (20) is equipped with air bag one (21) inside, the middle part of adjusting cylinder (91) is screwed with inner cylinder (51), the both ends of adjusting cylinder (91) are equipped with annular air bag two (22), air bag one (21) is communicated with air bag two (22), the inside of extrusion channel (20) is slidably installed with extrusion block (23).

5. A pull-the-dog type choke according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjusting block (92) is slidably connected with the air nozzle (10), the adjusting block (92) and the air nozzle (10) are jointly installed with a heat spring (24), the material of the heat spring (24) is memory alloy, one end of the adjusting block (92) extends to the outer cylinder (52) and is in contact with the convex ring (19).

6. A pull-the-dog type choke according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inside of the extrusion channel (20) is provided with a limiting block (18), the extrusion block (23) is provided with a chamfer (231) consistent with the inclination angle of the inclined part (931), when the extrusion block (23) is extruded with the limiting block (18), the chamfer (231) is coplanar with the side wall of the inclined part (931).

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