A urological stone crushing and aspiration device

Abstract

This invention provides a urological stone crushing and aspirating device, belonging to the field of urological stone crushing technology. It includes an outer sheath containing the stone crushing and aspirating device body and a guide wire, with an end piece at the top of the stone crushing and aspirating device body; a first expansion mechanism for catching the stone, connected to the end piece; and a second expansion mechanism for intercepting large stones, also connected to the end piece. By incorporating the first and second expansion mechanisms, this invention not only allows for the rapid catching of stones within the kidney using the first expansion mechanism, facilitating stone crushing and collection, but also ensures complete encapsulation of the stone without large gaps, effectively solving the problem of incomplete stone removal after crushing in traditional methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of urological stone fragmentation technology, and particularly to a urological stone fragmentation and aspiration device. Background Technology

[0002] Urological stone fragmentation, also known as urological urinary tract stone fragmentation, is one of the core treatment techniques in urology for urinary tract stones. It uses physical, chemical, or energy-mediated methods to break down large-diameter stones in the urinary tract that cannot be expelled naturally or may cause obstruction, infection, or kidney damage into tiny particles or powder, allowing them to be excreted with urine. This achieves the therapeutic goals of clearing stones, relieving urinary tract obstruction, and protecting kidney function.

[0003] Current ureteroscopic lithotripsy typically involves inserting a ureteroscope through the urethra and bladder to reach the stone. A lithotripter, such as a holmium laser or pneumatic ballistic device, is then inserted through the ureteroscope's channel to pulverize the stone. The fragments are then expelled using a negative pressure channel. A stone retrieval basket is used to help secure the stone during fragmentation. However, in the above procedures, most stone retrieval baskets are simply constructed from a few wires, resulting in significant gaps. This structure limits the basket's function to simply containing larger stones. When medical staff use the lithotripter to pulverize the contained stone, the resulting fragments easily escape from the basket's gaps. The direction of this escape is unpredictable, causing significant difficulties for subsequent stone removal and requiring medical staff to spend time and effort repositioning the fragments. These loose fragments increase the complexity and duration of the surgical procedure. Furthermore, for some patients with stones encased in polyps within their kidneys, the polyps must be separated from the stones before they can be crushed. This separation process easily leads to bleeding. Currently, laser hemostasis is the primary method for dealing with this type of bleeding, but this method is only suitable for small bleeding points. In cases of significant bleeding, it not only severely obscures the surgical field of view of the kidney stone crushing device, forcing medical staff to frequently flush the lens to restore the view, but also may cause deviations in the stone crushing operation due to unclear vision, potentially damaging normal kidney tissue and posing additional surgical risks to the patient. Therefore, this application provides a urological stone crushing and aspiration device to meet this need. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a urological stone crushing and aspiration device. By setting a first expansion mechanism and a second expansion mechanism, not only can the first expansion mechanism be used to quickly remove stones in the kidney, thereby facilitating the crushing and collection of stones, but the first expansion mechanism can also completely enclose the stones without creating large gaps. Through the above settings, the problem of stones becoming loose during the crushing process can be solved.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A urological stone crushing and aspirating device includes an outer sheath, a stone crushing and aspirating device body disposed within the outer sheath, a guide wire disposed within the outer sheath, and an end piece disposed at the top of the stone crushing and aspirating device body; a first expansion mechanism for catching the stone and connected to the end piece; and a second expansion mechanism for intercepting large pieces of stone and connected to the end piece.

[0006] Optionally, the first expansion mechanism includes a first wire frame installed in the end piece, a second wire frame installed in the end piece, a first sheet body installed on the first wire frame, a second sheet body installed on the second wire frame, a fixing block installed on the top of the first wire frame, a connecting part provided on the top of the second wire frame, and the second sheet body consists of two pieces, with an insertion inlet at the bottom of the piece of the second sheet body furthest from the end piece.

[0007] Optionally, a fixing bag is installed on the top of the first wire frame, a medicine bag is installed on the top of the first wire frame, and a connecting rod is installed on the bottom of the fixing block.

[0008] Optionally, the top of the drug capsule has an opening, the opening of the top of the drug capsule is serrated, and the shape of the fixation capsule is adapted to the shape of the neck of the renal calyx inside the patient's kidney.

[0009] Optionally, the bottom of the fixing block is provided with a slot that matches the shape of the connecting rod. There are four connecting rods and four slots. The end of the connecting rod away from the fixing block is fixedly connected to a connecting ring that matches the shape of the connecting part.

[0010] Optionally, a sleeve is fitted onto the connecting rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to a first connecting rope, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a second connecting rope. The end of the first connecting rope away from the sleeve is fixedly connected to the connecting part, and the end of the second connecting rope away from the sleeve is disposed inside the end piece.

[0011] Optionally, the second expansion mechanism includes a sleeve installed inside the end piece, the sleeve having a first connecting wire inside, a side frame fixedly connected to the top of the first connecting wire, a mesh fixedly connected to the side frame, and a second connecting wire fixedly connected to the end of the mesh away from the first connecting wire.

[0012] Optionally, a second limiting buckle adapted to the shape of the second connecting wire is installed on the side of the first wire frame near the second connecting wire.

[0013] Optionally, the end piece is funnel-shaped with a wide top and a narrow bottom, and both the first and second wire frames are provided with limiting parts. The cross-sections of the first and second wire frames in their naturally unfolded state are close to M-shaped.

[0014] Optionally, there are three first wire frames, and each first wire frame is equidistantly equipped with a first limiting buckle that matches the shape of the second connecting rope.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: In the above scheme, by setting up a first dilation mechanism and a second dilation mechanism, not only can the first dilation mechanism quickly retrieve kidney stones, facilitating stone crushing and collection, but it can also completely enclose the stones without creating large gaps. This effectively solves the problem in traditional operations where crushed stones tend to wander around the kidney, leading to incomplete expulsion. Furthermore, the second dilation mechanism, located at the bottom of the first dilation mechanism after stone crushing, can intercept large, incompletely broken stones, preventing them from entering the negative pressure stone expulsion channel and causing blockage. The coordinated use of these structures makes the crushing and collection of kidney stones more convenient, effectively increasing the surgical efficiency of medical staff and ensuring the patient's health.

[0016] The first expansion mechanism includes a first wire frame, a second wire frame, a first sheet, and a second sheet. These components, along with related structures, naturally unfold to form a spoon-shaped semi-enclosed structure, facilitating the rapid containment of the stone. The two unfolded second sheets, together with the first sheet, form a fully enclosed structure, completely encapsulating the stone. This not only prevents the stone from moving in any direction within the kidney after fragmentation, but also isolates the stone from the kidney tissue. This provides a safe operating space for stone fragmentation, preventing accidental contact with kidney tissue by the fragmentation tool, and also prevents bleeding from the kidney tissue from obstructing the view during the stone fragmentation operation.

[0017] By providing a limiting part in the first expansion mechanism, when the stone is located in the first and second wire frames, the first and second wire frames can form a simple limiting on the stone, preventing the stone from moving around, thus facilitating the crushing of the stone. Furthermore, the cross-sections of the first and second wire frames in their naturally unfolded state are close to an M-shape. The first and second wire frames have good elastic deformation capabilities, making them suitable for fixing stones of different sizes and shapes within a certain range.

[0018] By incorporating a fixation bladder and a drug-filled bladder within the device, the fixation bladder can be quickly and stably fixed to the renal calyx region after expansion, ensuring the stability of all related structures at the bottom of the fixation bladder and facilitating the fragmentation of renal stones. Furthermore, the fixation bladder further secures the connecting rod, ensuring the stability of the first and second wire frames installed at the bottom of the connecting rod. This allows the device to better contain renal stones. The drug-filled bladder, containing hemostatic medication, works in conjunction with the fixation bladder. The hemostatic medication inside the drug-filled bladder can enter the kidney to stop bleeding from the cut areas of stones and polyps. When polyps are located in the renal calyx, the fixation bladder can be positioned at the bleeding site, utilizing the expansion pressure of the bladder in conjunction with the medication for hemostasis.

[0019] By incorporating a side frame and a grid within the second expansion mechanism, the unfolded side frame and grid form a shield around the bottom of the first and second pieces, preventing the crushed stones from being trapped in the top area of ​​the side frame and grid. The mesh size of the grid is specially designed to allow only particles of the size that can be smoothly discharged through the negative pressure pipe to pass through, thereby effectively preventing blockage of the negative pressure pipe during stone discharge due to the entry of large pieces of stone.

[0020] In summary, this device can not only capture stones completely, but also filter large stones to prevent blockage of the stone drainage channel. Furthermore, this device is highly safe and easy to operate, effectively reducing surgical time and ensuring the patient's safety. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the specification, further serve to explain the principles of the invention and enable those skilled in the art to practice and use the invention.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the actual use of a urological stone crushing and aspiration device. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the closed three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a urological stone crushing and aspiration device; Figure 4 A first-view magnified three-dimensional structural diagram of the first wire frame and its mating structure. Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point C; Figure 7 A magnified three-dimensional diagram of the first wire frame and its assembly from a second perspective. Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point D; Figure 9 for Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point E; Figure 10 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a urological stone crushing and aspiration device; Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram at point F; Figure 12 for Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram at point G; Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the closed three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a urological stone crushing and aspiration device; Figure 14 for Figure 13 Enlarged structural diagram at point H.

[0023] Figure label: 1. Outer sheath; 2. Main body of the stone crushing and aspirating device; 3. Guide wire; 4. End piece; 5. First wire frame; 6. Second wire frame; 7. First piece; 8. Second piece; 9. Fixing block; 10. Fixing bladder; 11. Insertion port; 12. Drug bladder; 13. Connecting rod; 14. Slot; 15. Connecting ring; 16. Connecting part; 17. Sleeve rod; 18. First connecting rope; 19. Second connecting rope; 20. First limiting buckle; 21. Sleeve; 22. First connecting wire; 23. Side frame; 24. Mesh; 25. Second connecting wire; 26. Second limiting buckle; 27. Limiting part.

[0024] As shown in the figure, specific structures and devices are marked in the figure to clearly illustrate the structure of the embodiments of the present invention. However, this is only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the present invention to this specific structure, device and environment. Those skilled in the art can adjust or modify these devices and environments according to specific needs. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention provides a urological stone crushing and aspirating device in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments; those skilled in the art can also use other alternative methods to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that the use of terms such as "an embodiment," "an embodiment," "an exemplary embodiment," and "some embodiments" in the specification indicates that the described embodiment may include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes that specific feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, when describing a specific feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with embodiments, the implementation of such feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments, whether or not explicitly described, should be within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0027] Generally, terms can be understood at least partly from their use in context. For example, depending at least partly on the context, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood not necessarily to convey an exclusive set of factors, but rather, alternatively, depending at least partly on the context, to allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0028] It is understood that the meanings of “on”, “above”, and “above” in this invention should be interpreted in the broadest manner, such that “on” means not only “directly on” something, but also includes the meaning of being “on” something with an intervening feature or layer, and that “above” or “above” means not only “on” something, but also includes the meaning of being “on” something without an intervening feature or layer.

[0029] Furthermore, spatially related terms such as “below,” “under,” “lower,” “above,” and “upper” are used herein for convenience to describe the relationship of one element or feature to one or more other elements or features, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Spatially related terms are intended to cover different orientations in the use or operation of the device other than those depicted in the accompanying drawings. The device may be oriented in other ways, and the spatially related descriptive terms used herein can be interpreted similarly.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a urological stone crushing and aspirating device, including an outer sheath 1, a stone crushing and aspirating device body 2 housed within the outer sheath 1, a guide wire 3 housed within the outer sheath 1, and an end piece 4 at the top of the stone crushing and aspirating device body 2; a first expansion mechanism for catching the stone, connected to the end piece 4; and a second expansion mechanism for intercepting large stones, also connected to the end piece 4. The outer sheath 1, the stone crushing and aspirating device body 2, and the guide wire 3 are existing mature technologies, therefore their working principles and specific structures will not be elaborated upon here. The stone crushing and aspirating device body 2 has an optical channel, a working channel, a flushing channel, and a crushing rod channel. The guide wire 3 is used to... This device, through its guiding and positioning mechanism, can quickly retrieve kidney stones using a first dilation mechanism, facilitating stone crushing and collection. The first dilation mechanism completely encloses the stone, preventing large gaps and effectively solving the problem of incomplete stone removal caused by fragmentation in traditional procedures. Furthermore, the second dilation mechanism, located at the bottom of the first dilation mechanism after stone crushing, intercepts large, incompletely broken stone fragments, preventing them from entering the negative pressure stone removal channel and causing blockage. The combined use of these structures makes the crushing and collection of kidney stones more convenient, effectively increasing surgical efficiency for medical staff and ensuring the patient's health.

[0031] Furthermore, the end piece 4 is funnel-shaped with a wide top and narrow bottom, which facilitates the quick unfolding or folding of the structure inside the end piece 4.

[0032] like Figures 2 to 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 , Figure 12 To and Figure 14As shown, the first expansion mechanism includes a first wire frame 5 installed inside the end piece 4, and two second wire frames 6 installed inside the end piece 4. A first piece 7 is installed on the first wire frame 5, and a second piece 8 is installed on the second wire frame 6. A fixing block 9 is installed on the top of the first wire frame 5. There are two second pieces 8, with an insertion inlet 11 at the bottom of the second piece 8 furthest from the end piece 4. The bottoms of the first wire frame 5, the second wire frame 6, the first piece 7, and the second piece 8 are fixedly connected. There are three first wire frames 5, which are fixedly connected to the first piece 7. Two first wire frames 5 are fixed to the sides of the first piece 7, and the other first wire frame 5 is fixed to the middle of the first piece 7. One side of the second piece 8 is fixedly connected to the first piece 7, and the side of the second piece 8 furthest from the first piece 7 is fixedly connected to the second wire frame 6. During the process of placing the stone crushing and aspirating device body 2 into the patient's kidney... The first wire frame 5, the second wire frame 6, the first plate 7, the second plate 8, and all their structures are housed within the working channel of the main body 2 of the stone crushing and aspirating device. The fixing block 9 is tightly attached to the end plate 4. A connecting rod 13 is installed at the bottom of the fixing block 9, and the connecting rod 13 is rotatably connected to the fixing block 9. There are four connecting rods 13 and four slots 14, which are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the fixing block 9. The top of the second wire frame 6 is provided with a connecting part 16. A connecting ring 15, which is adapted to the shape of the connecting part 16, is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod 13 away from the fixing block 9. The outer walls of the connecting part 16 and the connecting ring 15 are smooth, and the connecting part 16 can easily slide along the guide of the connecting ring 15. When the second wire frame 6 and the connecting ring 15 are naturally unfolded, the two second wire frames 6 are located on both sides of the connecting ring 15. The second plate 8 on the second wire frame 6 is concealed and folded in place on the side closer to the first plate 7. Figure 10 As described, a sleeve rod 17 is fitted onto the connecting rod 13, allowing the sleeve rod 17 to rotate flexibly on the connecting rod 13. One end of the sleeve rod 17 is fixedly connected to a first connecting rope 18, of which there are two. The end of each first connecting rope 18 furthest from the sleeve rod 17 is fixedly connected to the connecting part 16. The other end of the sleeve rod 17 is fixedly connected to a second connecting rope 19. The end of the first connecting rope 18 furthest from the sleeve rod 17 is fixedly connected to the connecting part 16. The end of the second connecting rope 19 furthest from the sleeve rod 17 is located inside the end piece 4. When the second thread frame 6 and the connecting ring 15 naturally unfold, the first connecting rope 18 naturally unfolds, as... Figure 11 At this time, the end of the second connecting rope 19 near the sleeve 17 is wrapped around the sleeve 17; when the driving end piece 4 and the fixing block 9 of the stone crushing and aspirating device body 2 reach the location of the kidney stone, the medical staff adjusts the outer sheath 1 from the outside to push out the first wire frame 5, the second wire frame 6, the first piece 7, the second piece 8, and all their associated structures from the working channel inside the stone crushing and aspirating device body 2. Figure 10As shown, the first wire frame 5, the second wire frame 6, the first sheet 7, the second sheet 8, and related structures will naturally unfold to form a spoon-shaped semi-enclosed structure. This semi-enclosed structure then securely holds the large stone that has separated from the polyp. Next, by pulling the second connecting rope 19 from outside the outer sheath 1, a section of the second connecting rope 19 that was originally wrapped around the sleeve rod 17 unfolds. Driven by the unfolding force of the second connecting rope 19, the sleeve rod 17 rotates along the connecting rod 13. Simultaneously, the first connecting rope 18 wraps around the sleeve rod 17 in the opposite direction to the winding of the second connecting rope 19. As this process progresses, the distance between the sleeve rod 17 and the connecting part 16 gradually shortens, and the connecting part 16 moves slowly along the connecting ring 15 until the two connecting parts 16 are completely close and the first connecting rope 18 is completely wrapped around the sleeve rod 17. At this point, pulling the second connecting rope 19 stops, and the second connecting rope 19 is fixed from the outside. During the above operation... The two second wire frames 6 connected to the bottom of the two connecting parts 16 will stick together as the connecting parts 16 move. As the connecting parts 16 move the second wire frames 6, the second sheet 8 will gradually unfold. Finally, the two fully unfolded second sheets 8 and the first sheet 7 together form a fully enclosed structure, completely enclosing the stone inside. Then, the crushing tool extends out from the channel inside the stone crushing and aspirator body 2, enters the fully enclosed structure through the insertion port 11, and crushes the stone. This not only ensures that the stone will not move in any direction inside the kidney after crushing, but also that the structure formed by the first sheet 7 and the second sheet 8 isolates the stone from the kidney tissue. This provides a safe operating space for stone crushing, avoids accidental contact of the crushing tool with the kidney tissue, and prevents bleeding from the kidney tissue from obstructing the view of the stone crushing operation. The coordinated use of the structures ensures the efficiency and safety of the operation, and the structure is relatively simple and easy to operate.

[0033] Furthermore, a fixation bladder 10 is installed at the top of the first wire frame 5. The shape of the fixation bladder 10 is adapted to the shape of the neck of the renal calyx inside the patient's kidney, allowing the fixation bladder 10 to be quickly and stably fixed in the renal calyx area after expansion, thereby stabilizing the various structures associated with the bottom of the fixation bladder 10 and facilitating the crushing operation of the renal stones. The bottom of the fixing block 9 has a slot 14 adapted to the shape of the connecting rod 13. The bottom of the fixation bladder 10 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 13. When the fixation bladder 10 expands, the connecting rod 13 will further expand and be locked into the slot 14, thereby further fixing the connecting rod 13. This ensures that the first wire frame 5 and the second wire frame 6 installed at the bottom of the connecting rod 13 remain in a stable working state, allowing the device to better hold the renal stones. A drug bladder 12 is installed at the top of the first wire frame 5. The top of the drug bladder 12 has an opening with serrations. The drug bladder 12 contains hemostatic drugs. When the fixation bladder 10 expands, the fixation bladder 10 pulls one side of the drug bladder 12. The membrane tears the opening of the drug capsule 12, allowing the hemostatic drug inside to enter the kidney and stop bleeding from the cut areas of stones and polyps. When a polyp is located in a renal calyx, the fixation capsule 10 can be positioned at the bleeding site, utilizing the inflation pressure of the capsule in conjunction with drug-induced hemostasis for better hemostasis. Both the first and second wire frames 5 and 6 are equipped with limiting parts 27, which allow the first and second wire frames 5 and 6 to provide simple restraint for stones when they are located within them, preventing further stone formation. The first and second wire frames move around freely, making it easy to crush stones. The cross-sections of the first wire frame 5 and the second wire frame 6 in their naturally unfolded state are close to M-shaped. The first wire frame 5 and the second wire frame 6 have good elastic deformation capabilities, which can make them suitable for fixing stones of different sizes and shapes within a certain range. A first limiting buckle 20 that matches the shape of the second connecting rope 19 is installed at equal intervals on one of the first wire frames 5. By using the first limiting buckle 20 to limit the second connecting rope 19, the second connecting rope 19 will not obstruct the stone crushing space.

[0034] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 9As shown, the second expansion mechanism includes a sleeve 21 installed inside the end piece 4. A first connecting wire 22 is provided inside the sleeve 21. A side frame 23 is fixedly connected to the top of the first connecting wire 22, and a mesh 24 is fixedly connected to the side frame 23. A second connecting wire 25 is fixedly connected to the end of the mesh 24 away from the first connecting wire 22. The end of the second connecting wire 25 away from the mesh 24 is fixed to the inner wall of the end piece 4. When the mesh 24 and the side frame 23 are not in use, they are retracted inside the sleeve 21. At this time, the first connecting wire 22 is in a taut and fixed state, and the second connecting wire 25 deforms and straightens under the tension of the first connecting wire 22. After the stone crushing operation inside the first piece 7 and the second piece 8 is completed, the fixation of the first connecting wire 22 is first released and it is loosened. At this time, the deformed second connecting wire 25 will recover its elastic deformation, and the resulting rebound force will... The side frame 23 and grid 24, which are closed inside the sleeve 21, are pulled out. After being unfolded, the edges of the side frame 23 and grid 24 can fit tightly with the first wire frame 5 and the second wire frame 6, thereby blocking the bottom of the first piece 7 and the second piece 8. This prevents the crushed stones from being blocked in the top area of ​​the side frame 23 and grid 24. The negative pressure pipe is inserted from the inlet 11 and placed at the bottom of the side frame 23 and grid 24. The negative pressure is used to assist in the discharge of the crushed stones. The mesh size of the grid 24 is specially designed to allow only particles of the size that can be smoothly discharged through the negative pressure pipe to pass through. This design can effectively prevent the negative pressure pipe from being blocked by large pieces of stone during the stone discharge process. After the negative pressure-assisted stone discharge is completed, the larger stones that cannot pass through the mesh of the grid 24 will still remain in the fully enclosed space formed by the first piece 7 and the second piece 8. Afterwards, these remaining large stones will be carried out of the patient's body along with the main body 2 of the stone crushing and suction device. During the removal process, since the first piece 7 and the second piece 8 always keep the stones completely wrapped, the stones will not come into direct contact with the patient's internal tissues and ducts, thus avoiding the problem of sharp stone pieces scratching the patient's internal structures.

[0035] Furthermore, a second limiting buckle 26 adapted to the shape of the second connecting wire 25 is installed on the side of the first wire frame 5 near the second connecting wire 25. By using the second limiting buckle 26 to limit the second connecting wire 25 and the mesh 24, when the second connecting wire 25 is naturally extended, the side frame 23 and the mesh 24 can be located at the bottom of the second wire frame 6 and the first piece 7 and in contact with the second wire frame 6 and the first piece 7, so that the stone is completely isolated on the top of the mesh 24.

[0036] The working principle of the technical solution provided by this invention is as follows: In use, the main body 2 of the stone crushing and aspirating device is first inserted into the kidney. During this process, the first wire frame 5, the second wire frame 6, the first sheet 7, the second sheet 8, and their associated structures are all retracted within the working channel of the main body 2, and the fixing block 9 remains in close contact with the end piece 4. After the main body 2 of the stone crushing and aspirating device drives the end piece 4 and the fixing block 9 to accurately reach the location of the stone in the kidney, medical staff adjust the outer sheath 1 from the outside to push out all the first wire frame 5, the second wire frame 6, the first sheet 7, the second sheet 8, and their associated structures retracted within the working channel of the main body 2. These structures will naturally unfold to form a spoon-shaped semi-enclosed structure, which is then used to catch the large stone that has separated from the polyp. The first wire frame 5 and the second wire frame 6 are also retracted within the working channel of the main body 2. Each of the six components is equipped with a limiting part 27, which can provide simple restraint for the stone, preventing it from moving freely during the retrieval process and laying the foundation for subsequent operations. Then, the fixation capsule 10 is inflated and quickly and stably fixed in the renal calyx area. Its bottom is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 13. When inflated, it will drive the connecting rod 13 to further unfold and lock into the pre-set slot 14 at the bottom of the fixing block 9, so that the connecting rod 13 is doubly fixed, thereby ensuring that the first wire frame 5 and the second wire frame 6 installed at the bottom of the connecting rod 13 remain stable, ensuring the accuracy of subsequent operations. In addition, when the fixation capsule 10 inflates, it will pull on one side of the membrane of the drug capsule 12, causing the opening of the drug capsule 12 to tear, and the hemostatic drug inside will enter the kidney to treat the bleeding site after the separation of the stone and polyp. Hemostasis is achieved; if the polyp is located in the renal calyx, the fixation balloon 10 can be placed at the bleeding site, and the hemostasis effect can be achieved by combining the balloon inflation pressure with drug hemostasis, further avoiding bleeding from obstructing the surgical field of vision. Then, the medical staff pulls the second connecting rope 19 from the outside of the outer sheath 1, so that a section of the second connecting rope 19 originally wrapped around the sleeve 17 is unwound; under the pulling force of the unwound second connecting rope 19, the sleeve 17 will rotate along the connecting rod 13. At the same time, the first connecting rope 18 will be wrapped around the sleeve 17 in the opposite direction to the winding direction of the second connecting rope 19. As this process progresses, the distance between the sleeve 17 and the connecting part 16 gradually shortens, and the connecting part 16 moves slowly along the connecting ring 15 until the two connecting parts are connected. When the connecting part 16 is fully close and the first connecting rope 18 is completely wrapped around the sleeve 17, stop pulling the second connecting rope 19 and fix it from the outside. During this process, the second wire frame 6 connected to the bottom of the two connecting parts 16 will stick together with the connecting part 16 as the connecting part 16 moves, and the second piece 8 will gradually unfold. Finally, the two fully unfolded second pieces 8 and the first piece 7 together form a full-encapsulation structure, which completely encapsulates the stone inside, preventing the stone from moving away during subsequent crushing. Then, the crushing tool extends out from the channel inside the stone crushing and aspirating device body 2 and enters the full-encapsulation structure through the insertion port 11 to crush the stone. Since the stone is completely encapsulated by the full-encapsulation structure, it can be ensured that the crushed stone will not move in any direction inside the kidney.Furthermore, the structure composed of the first piece 7 and the second piece 8 isolates the stone from the renal tissue, providing a safe space for the pulverization operation, preventing accidental contact of the pulverizing tool with the renal tissue, and preventing renal tissue bleeding from interfering with the pulverization field of view, ensuring the safety and precision of the pulverization operation. After the stone is pulverized, the second limiting buckle 26 is used to limit the second connecting wire 25 and the mesh 24, so that when the second connecting wire 25 is naturally extended, the side frame 23 and the mesh 24 can be located exactly at the bottom of the second wire frame 6 and the first piece 7 and in contact with them, completely isolating the stone at the top of the mesh 24. The negative pressure tube is inserted into the bottom of the side frame 23 and the mesh 24 from the insertion port 11, and the negative pressure is used to assist in the discharge of the pulverized stone; wherein the mesh size of the mesh 24 is... Through specialized design, only particles of the size that can be smoothly discharged through the negative pressure pipeline can pass through, effectively preventing blockage of the negative pressure pipeline during stone removal. After the crushed fine stones are discharged, the first wire frame 5 and the second wire frame 6, along with their respective components, are partially retracted into the end piece 4, releasing the gas from the fixing bladder 10. The contact device is then positioned, separating the connecting rod 13 from the slot 14. This reduces the space within the first piece 7 and the second piece 8, leaving only enough space to enclose the remaining stones, and closes the negative pressure stone removal channel. Then, the stone crushing and suction device body 2 and its parts are removed along with the remaining stones enclosed by the first piece 7 and the second piece 8. When used in conjunction with the structure of this device, stone removal is more thorough and safer.

[0037] This invention encompasses any substitutions, modifications, equivalent methods, and solutions made within the spirit and scope of this invention. To provide the public with a thorough understanding of this invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments; however, those skilled in the art will fully understand the invention even without these details. Furthermore, to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding of the essence of this invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A urological lithotripsy and suction device comprising an outer sheath, characterised in that, The outer sheath contains a stone crushing and aspirating device body, the outer sheath contains a guide wire, the top of the stone crushing and aspirating device body contains an end piece, and the stone crushing and aspirating device body contains an optical channel, a working channel, a flushing channel and a crushing rod channel. A first expansion mechanism is used to hold the stone in place, and the first expansion mechanism is connected to the end piece. The second expansion mechanism is used to intercept large stones, and the second expansion mechanism is connected to the end piece; The first expansion mechanism includes a first wire frame installed inside the end piece, a second wire frame installed inside the end piece, a first sheet body installed on the first wire frame, a second sheet body installed on the second wire frame, a fixing block installed on the top of the first wire frame, a connecting part provided on the top of the second wire frame, and two sheets of the second sheet body. The bottom of the sheet of the second sheet body away from the end piece has an inlet, and the crushing tool can enter the enclosed space formed by the first sheet body and the second sheet body through the crushing rod channel and the inlet. A fixing bladder is installed on the top of the first wire frame, a medicine bladder is installed on the top of the first wire frame, and a connecting rod is installed on the bottom of the fixing block; The second expansion mechanism includes a sleeve installed inside the end piece, a first connecting wire inside the sleeve, a side frame fixedly connected to the top of the first connecting wire, a mesh fixedly connected to the side frame, and a second connecting wire fixedly connected to the end of the mesh away from the first connecting wire. The end piece is funnel-shaped with a wide top and a narrow bottom. Both the first and second wire frames are provided with limiting parts. The cross-sections of the first and second wire frames in their naturally unfolded state are close to M-shaped. A second limiting buckle adapted to the shape of the second connecting wire is installed on the side of the first wire frame near the second connecting wire; When not in use, the side frame and the mesh are retracted into the sleeve, the first connecting wire is in a taut and fixed state, and the second connecting wire is deformed and straightened under the tension of the first connecting wire. When the first connecting wire is released from tension and loosened, the second connecting wire can recover its elastic deformation and pull the side frame and the mesh out of the sleeve through the rebound force. The second limiting buckle is used to limit the second connecting wire and the mesh, so that the side frame and the mesh are located at the bottom of the second wire frame and the first piece and are in contact with the second wire frame and the first piece. The mesh size is set to allow only stone particles that can be smoothly discharged from the negative pressure pipe to pass through and to block large pieces of gravel. The bottom of the fixing block is provided with a slot that matches the shape of the connecting rod. There are four connecting rods and four slots. The end of the connecting rod away from the fixing block is fixedly connected to a connecting ring that matches the shape of the connecting part. There are two second wire frames. A sleeve is fitted on the connecting rod. A first connecting rope is fixedly connected to one end of the sleeve, and a second connecting rope is fixedly connected to the other end of the sleeve. The end of the first connecting rope away from the sleeve is fixedly connected to the connecting part. The end of the second connecting rope away from the sleeve is set inside the end piece. In the naturally unfolded state of the first connecting rope, the end of the second connecting rope near the sleeve is wrapped around the sleeve. Pulling the second connecting rope can make the sleeve rotate around the connecting rod and make the first connecting rope wrap around the sleeve in the opposite direction to the winding direction of the second connecting rope. This causes the connecting part to move along the connecting ring, so that the two second wire frames move closer to each other and the two second pieces, after unfolding, together with the first piece, form a fully enclosed structure.

2. The urological stone disintegrator and aspirator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the drug capsule has an opening, and the opening at the top of the drug capsule is serrated. The shape of the fixation capsule is adapted to the shape of the neck of the renal calyx inside the patient's kidney.

3. The urological stone disintegrator and aspirator according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are three first wire frames, and each first wire frame is equipped with a first limit buckle at equal intervals.

4. The urological stone pulverizer and aspirator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edges of the side frame and the unfolded mesh can fit tightly with the first wire frame and the second wire frame, so that large pieces of gravel that fail to pass through the mesh holes remain in the fully enclosed space formed by the first piece and the second piece, and are taken out of the body along with the main body of the stone crushing and aspirating device.

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