X-ray evaluation method and system for thickness of scaling layer in oil and gas pipeline

Abstract

The invention discloses an X-ray evaluation method and system for the thickness of a scaling layer in an oil and gas pipeline, and relates to the technical field of oil and gas pipeline inspection, and the method comprises the steps: S1, determining a to-be-evaluated scaling region in the oil and gas pipeline; s2, sampling, and analyzing scaling components in the oil and gas pipeline; s3, selecting a metal plate with the same material and wall thickness as the oil and gas pipeline, and pressing the metal plate to enable the curvature of the metal plate to be the same as that of the evaluated oil and gas pipeline; s4, simulated scaling substances similar to scaling components in the oil and gas pipeline are manufactured, the simulated scaling substances with different thicknesses are bonded with the metal plate, and a simulated bonding plate is formed; s5, performing X-ray detection on the simulated bonding plate, and measuring the blackness of a negative film of the simulated bonding plate by using a blackness meter; s6, forming a simulated scaling object thickness-negative film blackness curve; s7, the scaling area in the oil and gas pipeline is detected through X rays, and a pipeline negative film of the detected area is obtained; and S8, measuring the blackness of the pipeline negative film in the detected area, and determining the thickness of the scaling layer in the corresponding oil and gas pipeline.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas pipeline inspection technology, and in particular to an X-ray evaluation method and system for the thickness of scale layer inside oil and gas pipelines. Background Technology

[0002] Oil and gas pipelines contain impurities and solid particles. As the fluid moves, these particles deposit on the pipeline walls, forming scale (such as...). Figure 1 (As shown). High water content, high salinity, corrosion from dissolved gases (H2S, CO2, and O2), and wax deposits are the main causes of pipe scaling. Scale buildup reduces the effective flow cross-section, increases resistance to gas and liquid flow, hinders normal gas and liquid flow, and the deposition of some detached scale can cause local blockages or poor flow, leading to pressure drop and energy waste. The scale isolates the pipe from the transported medium, creating an oxygen-deficient environment on the inner surface, which allows corrosive bacteria to multiply rapidly, leading to under-deposit corrosion, reduced pipeline safety, and shortened pipeline lifespan. Therefore, measuring the scale condition and thickness within pipelines and regularly cleaning the scale is of significant practical importance for safe pipeline operation, remaining lifespan, and energy conservation.

[0003] Because pipelines are typically in service under high pressure or in environments containing flammable, explosive, or corrosive media, disassembly or cutting them to measure the thickness of the scale layer on the inner wall could cause pipeline shutdowns and disrupt normal operation. Currently, there is no good quantitative evaluation method for measuring the thickness of scale layers inside pipelines. Therefore, finding a suitable and effective method for evaluating the thickness of scale layers inside pipelines remains a challenge.

[0004] Chinese patent CN201811552147.6 discloses a method for detecting and identifying pipe scale based on ultrasonic guided waves. It involves a signal generation module generating an excitation voltage signal, which is then processed by a signal conditioning module before being applied to a transducer module. The transducer module converts the voltage signal into a mechanical vibration signal based on the piezoelectric effect, thereby generating a guided wave signal that propagates along the pipe. When the signal encounters a scaled area, the reflected wave signal is received by the same transducer module, processed by the signal conditioning module, recorded by the signal acquisition module, and finally processed and analyzed by a host computer module to obtain the scale condition within the pipe. However, this method does not use X-ray detection technology to detect the scale layer, lacks a simulated specimen of pipe scale for comparison with X-ray detection processes, and cannot accurately measure the thickness of the scale layer inside the pipe.

[0005] The Chinese patent CN202010971143.2 discloses a high-concentration organic wastewater collection pipeline scaling prediction method based on system dynamics. The method comprehensively considers the influence of multiple scaling control factors such as scaling ion concentration, thermodynamics, fluid dynamics, crystal dynamics, pipe material properties, and scaling characteristics on the scaling rate and removal rate of the pipeline surface, solves the problem of lacking comprehensive consideration of the relationship between various control factors and scaling amount change in the prior art, and effectively predicts the pipeline scaling amount and scaling trend within a certain period. However, the method does not use X-ray detection method, nor does it have a simulated test block of pipeline scaling and X-ray detection process comparison, and the thickness of the scaling layer in the pipeline cannot be accurately predicted. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to provide an X-ray evaluation method and system for the thickness of the scaling layer in the oil and gas pipeline, which solves the problem of being unable to evaluate the scaling thickness in the running pipeline, and can better evaluate the scaling layer thickness in the pipeline, providing corresponding data support for the safe operation and regular cleaning of the pipeline. It has high detection efficiency, is easy to operate, and the evaluation result is accurate and reliable. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present application provides an X-ray evaluation method for the thickness of the scaling layer in the oil and gas pipeline, which comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step S1, determining the scaling area in the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated;

[0009] Step S2, analyzing the scaling composition in the oil and gas pipeline by sampling;

[0010] Step S3, according to the material and wall thickness of the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated, cutting a metal plate of the same material and wall thickness into different sizes, and then using a pressing mold to press the metal plate, so that the curvature of the metal plate is the same as that of the evaluated oil and gas pipeline;

[0011] Step S4, making a simulated scaling object similar to the scaling composition in the oil and gas pipeline, and then using a simulated bonding plate forming box to bond the simulated scaling objects of different thicknesses with the metal plate to form a simulated bonding plate;

[0012] Step S5, X-ray detection of the simulated bonding plate, and then measuring the blackness of the simulated bonding plate negative film with a blackness meter;

[0013] Step S6, using the thickness of the simulated scaling object and the blackness of the simulated bonding plate negative film, and adopting the least squares method to fit a curve to form a simulated scaling object thickness-negative film blackness curve;

[0014] Step S7, cleaning the outer surface corresponding to the scaling area in the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated, and then detecting the scaling area in the oil and gas pipeline by X-ray to obtain the pipeline negative film of the detected area.

[0015] Step S8, measure the blackness of the detected area pipeline negative, and determine the corresponding oil and gas pipeline in the fouling layer thickness according to the simulated thickness-film blackness curve.

[0016] Further, the step S1 is specifically:

[0017] According to the characteristics of the oil and gas pipeline in the conveying medium, the position prone to fouling, the characteristics of the pressure drop in the pipeline and the operation time limit, determine the position which needs to evaluate the thickness of the fouling layer in the pipeline.

[0018] Further, the step S2 is specifically:

[0019] Sampling on the oil and gas pipeline in the fouling, analyzing the chemical composition and content of each component of the fouling.

[0020] Further, the step S4 is specifically:

[0021] According to the component analysis of the fouling product in the oil and gas pipeline, the component composition and content proportion of the fouling product are obtained, and a composition compound similar to the fouling is made according to the component composition and content proportion, which is called simulated fouling;

[0022] Put the metal plate into the simulated bonding plate forming box, evenly smear the simulated fouling on the metal plate, and then bond the simulated fouling with different thicknesses with the metal plate to form a whole, which is called simulated bonding plate.

[0023] Further, the step S5 is specifically:

[0024] According to the thickness of the metal plate, select appropriate X-ray tube current value I and tube voltage value U to detect the metal plate by X-ray;

[0025] Fix the current value I and the voltage value U, and detect the simulated bonding plate with different thicknesses by X-ray to obtain the negative of the simulated fouling with different blackness, and measure the blackness of the negative of the simulated bonding plate by the blackness meter.

[0026] Further, the step S8 is specifically:

[0027] According to the fouling area to be evaluated in the oil and gas pipeline, select the negative evaluation area, and use the blackness meter to determine the minimum value of the negative blackness d min in the evaluation area, and the position with the minimum blackness is the position with the maximum thickness of the fouling in the pipeline;

[0028] According to the simulated fouling thickness-negative blackness curve in the pipeline, find the blackness d min corresponding to the ordinate on the curve, and then the corresponding abscissa is the thickness of the fouling layer in the oil and gas pipeline.

[0029] The application also provides an X-ray evaluation system for the thickness of a scale layer in an oil and gas pipeline, characterized in that the system comprises:

[0030] a scale area determination module for determining a scale area in the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated;

[0031] a scale component analysis module for analyzing scale components in the oil and gas pipeline by sampling;

[0032] a metal plate pressing module for cutting a metal plate of the same material and wall thickness as the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated into different sizes, and then pressing the metal plate by using a pressing mold so that the curvature of the metal plate is the same as that of the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated;

[0033] a simulated bonding plate forming module for making a simulated scale similar to the scale components in the oil and gas pipeline, and then bonding the simulated scale of different thicknesses with the metal plate by using a simulated bonding plate forming box to form a simulated bonding plate;

[0034] a simulated bonding plate negative film blackness measurement module for performing X-ray detection on the simulated bonding plate, and then measuring the blackness of the simulated bonding plate negative film by using a blackness meter;

[0035] a simulated scale thickness-negative film blackness curve forming module for fitting a curve by using the least square method based on the simulated scale thickness and the simulated bonding plate negative film blackness to form a simulated scale thickness-negative film blackness curve;

[0036] a pipeline negative film obtaining module for cleaning the outer surface of the scale area in the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated, and then performing detection on the scale area in the oil and gas pipeline by using X-ray to obtain a pipeline negative film of the detected area;

[0037] a scale layer thickness determination module for measuring the blackness of the pipeline negative film of the detected area, and determining the thickness of the scale layer in the oil and gas pipeline according to the simulated scale thickness-negative film blackness curve.

[0038] The application also provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0039] one or more processors;

[0040] a storage device configured to store one or more programs;

[0041] when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the oil and gas detection method based on the seismic time delay similarity.

[0042] The application also provides a storage medium comprising computer executable instructions for executing the oil and gas detection method based on seismic time delay similarity when executed by a computer processor.

[0043] Technical effects and advantages of the present application:

[0044] The method provided by the present application can effectively evaluate the thickness of the scale layer in the oil and gas pipeline, regularly clean the scale, avoid the decrease of the effective flow cross section of the pipeline due to the scale in the pipeline, the increase of the flow resistance of the gas and liquid in the pipeline, the hindering of the normal flow of the gas and liquid, the partial blockage or poor flow caused by the falling scale, the pressure drop loss of the pipeline, and the waste of energy. The pipeline and the conveying medium are separated by the scale, and the inner surface is in an oxygen-deficient state, which causes the rapid reproduction of corrosive bacteria and forms under-scale corrosion, thereby reducing the safety performance of the pipeline and affecting the service life of the pipeline. Therefore, measuring the scale condition in the pipeline and measuring the thickness of the scale layer have important practical significance for the safe operation, residual life and energy saving of the pipeline. The technical detection efficiency is high, the detection is accurate and reliable, and the technology can be widely used in oilfield enterprises and pipeline companies.

[0045] Other features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the following description, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the description, or can be learned by practice of the present application. The objects and other advantages of the present application can be achieved and obtained by the structures indicated in the specification and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the scale layer on the pipeline wall in the prior art;

[0048] Figure 2 A flow chart of the X-ray evaluation method for the scale layer thickness in the oil and gas pipeline of the present application;

[0049] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the metal plate of the present application;

[0050] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the pressing mold of the present application;

[0051] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the simulation bonding plate forming box of the present application;

[0052] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a simulated bonding plate of the present application;

[0053] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a simulated fouling thickness-film density curve of the present application;

[0054] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an X-ray evaluation of a site of the present application;

[0055] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a corresponding fouling layer thickness of the present application;

[0056] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of an X-ray evaluation system for the thickness of a fouling layer in an oil and gas pipeline of the present application;

[0057] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0059] The flowcharts shown in the drawings are only exemplary descriptions, and do not necessarily include all the steps. For example, some steps can be further decomposed, and some steps can be combined or partially combined, so that the actual execution order can be changed according to the actual situation.

[0060] The terms "first", "second", and the like in the specification of the present application and the above-described drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0061] In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or sub-modules does not necessarily have to be limited to only those steps or sub-modules clearly listed, but can include other steps or sub-modules that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0062] The design concept of the present application comprises: firstly, determining the area to be evaluated in the pipeline, then analyzing the fouling composition, according to the material and wall thickness of the oil and gas pipeline, selecting a certain number of metal plates of the same or similar material and the same wall thickness, pressing the metal plate, so that the curvature of the metal plate is the same as that of the evaluated pipeline; according to the composition of the fouling in the pipeline, a kind of composition compound similar to the fouling is made, which is called simulated fouling; the fouling of different thicknesses is bonded with the metal plate to form an integral body, which is called simulated bonding plate here; the simulated bonding plate is subjected to X-ray detection, and the blackness of the negative film after detection is measured by a blackness meter, and the values are D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, …; the thickness of the simulated fouling and the blackness of the negative film D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, … are used to form a simulated fouling thickness-negative film blackness curve by using the least square method fitting; the rust and impurities on the outer surface of the pipeline part to be evaluated are cleaned; the pipeline part is detected by X-ray, and the negative film of the detected area of the pipeline is obtained; the blackness of the detection negative film is measured, the size of the evaluation area S is selected, and the minimum value d of the blackness in the S area is determined min ; according to the simulated fouling thickness-negative film blackness curve of the pipeline, the corresponding blackness d min is found, and the thickness of the fouling layer of the pipeline is determined.

[0063] To solve the problems of the prior art, the present application discloses an X-ray evaluation method for the thickness of the fouling layer in an oil and gas pipeline, Figure 2 The flow chart of the X-ray evaluation method for the thickness of the fouling layer in an oil and gas pipeline of the present application is shown in Figure 1 The method comprises the following steps:

[0064] Step S1, determining the fouling area to be evaluated in the oil and gas pipeline;

[0065] Step S2, analyzing the fouling composition in the oil and gas pipeline by sampling;

[0066] Step S3, according to the material and wall thickness of the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated, selecting metal plates of the same material and wall thickness, cutting them into different sizes, and then using a pressing mold to press the metal plates, so that the curvature of the metal plates is the same as that of the evaluated oil and gas pipeline;

[0067] Step S4, making a simulated fouling similar to the fouling composition in the oil and gas pipeline, and bonding the simulated fouling of different thicknesses with the metal plate to form a simulated bonding plate using a simulated bonding plate forming box;

[0068] Step S5, X-ray detecting the simulated bonding plate, and measuring the blackness of the negative film after detection by a blackness meter;

[0069] Step S6, using different thickness of simulated fouling and measuring the blackness of the film, using least squares fitting curve, forming simulated fouling thickness-film blackness curve;

[0070] Step S7, the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated for the fouling region corresponding to the outer surface is cleaned, and then the X-ray is used to detect the fouling region in the oil and gas pipeline to obtain the pipeline film of the detected region;

[0071] Step S8, measuring the blackness of the pipeline film of the detected region, and determining the corresponding pipeline fouling layer thickness according to the simulated fouling thickness-film blackness curve in the pipeline.

[0072] Optionally, step S1, determining the fouling region in the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated; specifically: according to the characteristics of the conveying medium in the oil and gas pipeline, the position prone to fouling, the characteristics of the pressure drop in the pipeline, the operation time and other factors, the position needing to evaluate the thickness of the fouling layer in the pipeline is determined, which should be the position with more serious fouling in the pipeline, generally the bottom region of the pipeline.

[0073] Optionally, step S2, analyzing the fouling composition in the oil and gas pipeline by sampling; specifically: sampling on the fouling in the oil and gas pipeline, and analyzing the chemical composition of the fouling and the content of each component.

[0074] Optionally, in step S3, according to the material and wall thickness of the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated, a certain number of metal plates with the same material and wall thickness are selected, the selected metal plates are cut and divided into different sizes. Assuming that the size of the pipeline is Φa×t mm, the thickness of the metal plate is t mm. The size of the metal plate is a (arc length) mm×b (width) mm×t (thickness) mm, as shown in Figure 3 .

[0075] Further, the pressing mold is used, as shown in Figure 4 , to press the metal plate, so that the curvature of the metal plate is the same as that of the evaluated pipeline.

[0076] Optionally, in step S4, the composition analysis of the fouling product in the oil and gas pipeline is performed to obtain the component composition and content proportion of the fouling product. According to the component composition and content proportion, a kind of composition compound similar to the fouling composition is made, which is called simulated fouling. The simulated fouling is similar to the fouling in the pipeline in terms of component composition and content proportion, and each component is uniformly distributed.

[0077] Further, the metal plate is first placed into the simulated bonding plate forming box (as shown in Figure 5The simulation fouling is evenly applied on the metal plate, and after the simulation fouling is condensed into a solid, the size of the simulation fouling is a (length) mm x b (width) mm x t1 (thickness), and the size of t1 is 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.5 mm, and so on, (a / 2-t1) and the like; the simulation fouling with different thicknesses is bonded with the metal plate to form a whole, which is called a simulation bonding plate (as shown in Figure 6

[0078] Optionally, in step S5, according to the thickness t of the metal plate, a suitable X-ray tube current value I and tube voltage value U are selected. The selection of the model of the X-ray machine is mainly based on the thickness of the metal plate, and the penetration ability of the X-ray machine can penetrate the metal plate. After the model of the X-ray machine is selected, according to the X-ray exposure curve of the metal plate, a suitable tube current value I and tube voltage value U are selected.

[0079] Further, the X-ray detection is performed on the metal plate, and a film with a certain blackness D is generated by using a film allowed by a national or industry standard.

[0080] Further, for the X-ray penetrating the detected material, the calculation formula of the transmission ray intensity is:

[0081] I = (1 + n) I0e -μT ; (1)

[0082] Wherein, n represents the scattering ratio; I0 represents the initial ray intensity; μ represents the linear attenuation coefficient; T represents the thickness of the detected material.

[0083] Further, when the ray penetrates the metal plate, the transmission ray intensity is:

[0084]

[0085] Wherein, n1 represents the scattering ratio of the metal plate; I0 represents the initial ray intensity; μ1 represents the linear attenuation coefficient of the metal material; t represents the thickness of the metal plate; I1 represents the transmission ray intensity after penetrating the metal plate.

[0086] Further, when the ray penetrates the metal plate and reenters the simulation fouling, the transmission ray intensity is:

[0087]

[0088] Wherein, n2 represents the scattering ratio of the simulation fouling; I2 represents the transmission ray intensity after penetrating the simulation fouling; μ2 represents the linear attenuation coefficient of the simulation fouling; t1 represents the thickness of the simulation fouling.

[0089] Substitute formula (2) into formula (3), and the following formula is obtained:​

[0090]

[0091] According to the formula (4), it can be seen that I2<I1, and is related to the size of t1, the greater t1 is, the smaller I2 is, the more X-ray energy absorbed by the simulated scale is, and the smaller the blackness on the film is.

[0092] Further, the fixed current value I and voltage value U are used to perform X-ray detection on simulated adhesive plates with different thicknesses, the size of t1 is 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.5 mm, …, (a / 2-tj) and so on, and the blackness on the film of the simulated adhesive plate is D1, D2, D3, …, and D1>D2>D3, ….

[0093] Optionally, in step S6, different simulated scale thicknesses and measured film blacknesses D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, … are used, and a least square method is used to fit a curve to form a simulated scale thickness-film blackness curve, as shown in Figure 7 .

[0094] Optionally, in step S7, first, the outer surface corresponding to the scale area in the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated is cleaned to remove rust, impurities, oil stains and the like; according to the pipeline wall thickness, a ray machine of an appropriate model is selected, and X-ray is used to detect the pipeline part (as shown in Figure 8 ), here, the voltage, current, penetration distance and penetration mode selected need to be consistent with the initial voltage U, current I and penetration distance of the metal plate, and then X-ray detection is performed to obtain the film of the detected area of the pipeline.

[0095] Optionally, in step S8, the film blackness of the detected area of the pipeline is measured. The size of the evaluation area of the film of the pipeline is S, and a densitometer is used to determine the minimum value d min of the film blackness in the S area. The position with the minimum blackness is the position with the maximum thickness of the scale in the pipeline.

[0096] Further, the thickness of the scale layer in the pipeline is determined according to the minimum blackness value d min . According to the simulated scale thickness-film blackness curve in the pipeline, the blackness d min corresponding to the ordinate on the curve is found, and the corresponding abscissa is the thickness t2 of the scale layer in the pipeline (as shown in Figure 9 ).

[0097] Embodiment:

[0098] The X-ray evaluation method for the thickness of the scale layer in the oil and gas pipeline provided in the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps:

[0099] Step S1, determine the fouling area in the pipeline to be evaluated. According to the characteristics of the medium transported in the pipeline, the position prone to fouling, the characteristics of the pressure drop in the pipeline, the running time and other factors, the position needing to be evaluated for the thickness of the fouling in the pipeline is determined, which should be the position where the fouling in the pipeline is more serious.

[0100] Step S2, analyze the fouling composition in the pipeline by sampling. Sampling is performed on the fouling in the pipeline, and the chemical composition of the fouling and the content of each component are analyzed.

[0101] Step S3, make a metal plate. According to the material and wall thickness of the oil and gas pipeline, a certain number of metal plates with the same material and wall thickness are selected, a pressing mold is used to press the metal plate, so that the curvature of the metal plate is the same as that of the pipeline to be evaluated. Assuming that the specification of the pipeline is Φa×t mm, the selected metal plate is cut into several test blocks of different sizes; the size of the metal plate is a (arc length) × b mm (width) × t1 (thickness).

[0102] Step S4, make a simulated bonding plate. According to the composition of the fouling in the pipeline, a compound with a composition similar to that of the fouling is made, which is named as simulated fouling. A simulated bonding plate forming box is used, the metal plate is first placed in the simulated bonding plate forming box, and then the simulated fouling is uniformly applied on the metal plate, so that the thickness of the simulated fouling is t1. After the simulated fouling is solidified, the size is a (arc length) × b mm (width) × t1 (thickness), and t1 is a series of values with a certain size. The fouling with different thicknesses is bonded with the metal plate, which is called an integral, forming a series of simulated bonding plates.

[0103] Step S5, X-ray detection of the simulated bonding plate. The model of the X-ray machine is determined according to the thickness of the metal plate, and the penetration ability of the X-ray machine can penetrate the metal plate. According to the thickness t of the metal plate, the appropriate tube current value I and tube voltage value U are selected on the X-ray exposure curve. Connect the X-ray machine, control box, set the exposure time, turn on the switch on the X-ray machine control box, and perform the detection in a laboratory with anti-radiation function. The size of t1 is 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.5 mm, …, (a / 2-tj) and so on, the same voltage, current, penetration distance, penetration mode and exposure time are adopted to complete the X-ray detection of all simulated bonding plates, and each thickness of the simulated bonding plate is numbered in turn. All the negatives are developed in a darkroom, and the film is dried after development.

[0104] Step S6: Measure the blackness of the simulated adhesive plate substrate and generate a simulated scale thickness-substrate blackness curve. Use a blackness meter to measure the blackness of each simulated adhesive plate substrate. After testing, measure the substrate blackness using the blackness meter as D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, ... ; using different simulated scale thicknesses and the measured substrate blackness D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, ..., fit a curve using the least squares method to generate a simulated scale thickness-substrate blackness curve. The relevant parameters are shown in Table 1 (substrate blackness data are example data).

[0105] Table 1 Simulated Scale Thickness - Film Density Data

[0106] Serial number Fouling thickness (mm) Negative film blackness value 1 0.2 2.90 2 0.4 2.80 3 0.6 2.70 4 0.8 2.65 5 1.0 2.60 6 1.5 2.58 7 2.0 2.55 8 2.5 2.50 9 3.0 2.45 10 3.5 2.40 11 4.0 2.38 12 4.5 2.32

[0107] Step S7: Detection of scale thickness inside the pipe. Based on the previously determined assessment area, rust, impurities, etc., on the outer surface of the pipe to be assessed need to be cleaned. X-rays are used to inspect the pipe area. Since it is impossible to penetrate the inside of the pipe, a double-wall single-image method is used. The same testing parameters as the simulated bonding plate are selected, including the X-ray machine model, pipe voltage, pipe current, and irradiation time. After the inspection, the film washing parameters are the same as those for the simulated bonding plate. Radiographic films of the assessment area are obtained; one film or multiple films may be used.

[0108] Step S8: Measure the film density and determine the thickness of the scale layer inside the pipe. Select an assessment area size of S (S is determined based on the range of the pipe area to be assessed), and within area S, determine the minimum film density value as d. min Based on the simulated scale thickness-film opacity curve inside the pipe, find the corresponding opacity d on the vertical axis. min Based on the correspondence, the corresponding pipe scale thickness is determined on the horizontal axis. This thickness is the sum of the scale layers on the inner wall at a position 180 degrees apart.

[0109] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides an X-ray evaluation system for the thickness of scale layers inside oil and gas pipelines. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of an X-ray evaluation system for the thickness of scale layer inside oil and gas pipelines according to the present invention. Figure 10 As shown, the system includes:

[0110] The scaling area determination module 201 is used to determine the scaling area inside the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated;

[0111] The scale composition analysis module 202 is used to analyze the scale composition inside oil and gas pipelines by sampling.

[0112] The metal plate pressing module 203 is used for cutting metal plates of the same material and wall thickness into different sizes according to the material and wall thickness of the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated, and then pressing the metal plates by using a pressing mold so that the curvature of the metal plates is the same as the curvature of the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated.

[0113] The simulation bonding plate forming module 204 is used for making a simulation fouling substance similar to the fouling component in the oil and gas pipeline, and then bonding the simulation fouling substance with different thicknesses and the metal plate by using a simulation bonding plate forming box to form a simulation bonding plate.

[0114] The simulation bonding plate negative film blackness measuring module 205 is used for performing X-ray detection on the simulation bonding plate, and then measuring the blackness of the negative film of the simulation bonding plate by using a blackness meter.

[0115] The simulation fouling substance thickness-negative film blackness curve forming module 206 is used for fitting a curve by using the least square method according to the thickness of the simulation fouling substance and the blackness of the negative film of the simulation bonding plate to form a simulation fouling substance thickness-negative film blackness curve.

[0116] The pipeline negative film obtaining module 207 is used for cleaning the outer surface of the fouling area in the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated, and then performing detection on the fouling area in the oil and gas pipeline by using X-ray to obtain a pipeline negative film of the detected area.

[0117] The fouling layer thickness determining module 208 is used for measuring the blackness of the pipeline negative film of the detected area, and determining the thickness of the fouling layer in the oil and gas pipeline according to the simulation fouling substance thickness-negative film blackness curve.

[0118] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides an electronic device, Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the electronic device provided by the present application is shown in Figure 11 As shown, the electronic device comprises at least one processor 301, at least one communication interface 302, at least one memory 303 and at least one communication bus 304; wherein the processor 301, the communication interface 302 and the memory 303 complete the communication among each other by the communication bus 304.

[0119] The memory 303 stores a computer program.

[0120] The processor 301 is used for executing the program stored in the memory 303 to realize the X-ray evaluation method of the fouling layer thickness in the oil and gas pipeline.

[0121] Optionally, the communication interface can be an interface of a communication module, such as an interface of a GSM module; the processor can be a processor CPU, or an application specific integrated circuit ASIC, or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present application. The memory can include a high-speed RAM memory, and can also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory. The memory stores a program, and the processor invokes the program stored in the memory to execute part or all of the method embodiments described above.

[0122] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed, implements part or all of the method embodiments described above. Optionally, the storage medium can be a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, such as a ROM, a random access memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, and an optical data storage device, etc.

[0123] Finally, it should be noted that: the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacements to some technical features, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for X-ray evaluation of the thickness of a scale layer in a hydrocarbon pipeline, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, determining the scaling area in the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated; Step S2, analyzing the scaling composition in the oil and gas pipeline by sampling; Step S3, according to the material and wall thickness of the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated, cutting the metal plate of the same material and wall thickness into different sizes, and then using a pressing mold to press the metal plate, so that the curvature of the metal plate is the same as that of the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated; Step S4, making a simulated scaling object similar to the scaling composition in the oil and gas pipeline, and then using a simulated bonding plate forming box to bond the simulated scaling objects of different thicknesses with the metal plate to form a simulated bonding plate; Step S5, performing X-ray detection on the simulated bonding plate, and then measuring the blackness of the negative film of the simulated bonding plate by using a blackness meter; Step S6, using the thickness of the simulated scaling object and the blackness of the negative film of the simulated bonding plate, and adopting a least square method to fit a curve to form a simulated scaling object thickness-negative film blackness curve; Step S7, cleaning the outer surface corresponding to the scaling area in the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated, and then detecting the scaling area in the oil and gas pipeline by using X-ray to obtain a pipeline negative film of the detected area; Step S8, measuring the blackness of the pipeline negative film of the detected area, and determining the corresponding scaling layer thickness of the oil and gas pipeline according to the simulated scaling object thickness-negative film blackness curve.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The step S1 is specifically as follows: According to the characteristics of the medium transported in the oil and gas pipeline, the positions prone to scaling, the characteristics of the pressure drop in the pipeline and the operation time, the positions needing to be evaluated for the thickness of the scaling layer in the pipeline are determined.

3. A method of X-ray evaluation of the thickness of a scale layer in an oil and gas pipeline according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The step S2 is specifically as follows: Sampling the scaling object in the oil and gas pipeline, and analyzing the chemical composition of the scaling object and the content of each component.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the method further comprises: The step S4 is specifically as follows: According to the analysis of the composition of the scaling product in the oil and gas pipeline, the component composition and content proportion of the scaling product are obtained, a component compound similar to the scaling composition is made according to the component composition and content proportion, and is referred to as a simulated scaling object; The metal plate is placed into the simulated bonding plate forming box, the simulated scaling object is uniformly applied on the metal plate, after the simulated scaling object is coagulated into a solid, the simulated scaling objects of different thicknesses are bonded with the metal plate to form an integral whole, which is referred to as a simulated bonding plate.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The step S5 is specifically as follows: According to the thickness of the metal plate, appropriate X-ray tube current value I and tube voltage value U are selected to perform X-ray detection on the metal plate; The current value I and voltage value U are fixed, X-ray detection is performed on the simulated bonding plates of different thicknesses to obtain negative films of the simulated scaling objects of different blackness, and the blackness of the negative film of the simulated bonding plate is measured by using a blackness meter.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step S8 is specifically as follows: According to the area of the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated, the film evaluation area is selected, the blackness of the film is determined in the evaluation area using a blackness meter, the minimum value of the blackness of the film is d min , and the position with the minimum blackness is the position with the maximum thickness of the scale in the pipeline. According to the curve of simulated fouling thickness-film blackness in the pipeline, the blackness d corresponding to the ordinate on the curve is found min Then the corresponding abscissa is the thickness of the fouling layer in the oil and gas pipeline.

7. An X-ray evaluation system for the thickness of a scale layer in a hydrocarbon pipeline, characterized in that The system comprises: a scaling area determination module configured to determine the scaling area in the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated; a scaling composition analysis module configured to analyze the scaling composition in the oil and gas pipeline by sampling; a metal plate pressing module configured to cut a metal plate of the same material and wall thickness into different sizes according to the material and wall thickness of the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated, and then use a pressing mold to press the metal plate, so that the curvature of the metal plate is the same as that of the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated; The simulation bonding plate forming module is used for making a simulation fouling substance similar to the fouling component in the oil and gas pipeline, and then bonding the simulation fouling substance with different thicknesses and the metal plate to form a simulation bonding plate by using a simulation bonding plate forming box. The simulation bonding plate negative film blackness measuring module is used for X-ray detection of the simulation bonding plate, and then measuring the blackness of the simulation bonding plate negative film by using a blackness meter. The simulation fouling substance thickness-negative film blackness curve forming module is used for fitting a curve by using the least square method according to the simulation fouling substance thickness and the simulation bonding plate negative film blackness, and forming a simulation fouling substance thickness-negative film blackness curve. The pipeline negative film obtaining module is used for cleaning the outer surface corresponding to the fouling area in the oil and gas pipeline to be evaluated, and then detecting the fouling area in the oil and gas pipeline by using X-ray to obtain a pipeline negative film of the detected area. The fouling layer thickness determining module is used for measuring the blackness of the pipeline negative film of the detected area, and determining the thickness of the corresponding fouling layer in the oil and gas pipeline according to the simulation fouling substance thickness-negative film blackness curve.

8. An electronic device, comprising: Comprise: One or more processors; Storage devices for storing one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the X-ray evaluation method for the thickness of the fouling layer in the oil and gas pipeline according to any one of claims 1-6.

9. A storage medium containing computer-executable instructions, wherein: The computer executable instructions are used for executing the X-ray evaluation method for the thickness of the fouling layer in the oil and gas pipeline according to any one of claims 1-6 when executed by the computer processor.

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