High stability offshore wind power foundation

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of offshore wind power foundations, and discloses a high-stability offshore wind power foundation, which comprises a pile foundation, the outer side of the pile foundation is surrounded by a protective insertion cylinder, the top surface of the protective insertion cylinder is horizontally extended outward to form a horizontally extended skirt plate, a plurality of rubber air bags are arranged below the horizontally extended skirt plate, an expansion mechanism is arranged on the rubber air bags, a monitoring mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the protective insertion cylinder, an annular transition bin is rotatably arranged on the circumferential outer side of the protective insertion cylinder, a flow disturbing mechanism and an adjusting mechanism are arranged on the annular transition bin, and a plurality of electromagnetic current meters are mounted on the outer side of the pile foundation through mounting racks. The flow disturbing mechanism cooperates with the adjusting mechanism to accurately and effectively disturb the incoming flow, the horseshoe vortex is prevented from being formed, and the stability of the whole pile foundation is improved. Meanwhile, the inflatable rubber air bags are arranged, the inflatable rubber air bags can fill the scour pits after being inflated, automatic protection measures can be taken after the scour pits are warned, and the stability of the whole pile foundation is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of offshore wind power foundation technology, specifically a high-stability offshore wind power foundation. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the foundations of offshore wind turbines in offshore wind power projects are mainly large-diameter monopile foundations. However, due to the influence of waves and currents, local scouring occurs around the monopile foundations of offshore wind power. When the water flow is obstructed, a horseshoe vortex is formed on the upstream side of the foundation, while a Karman vortex is formed on the downstream side. At the same time, the streamlines on both sides of the foundation will contract. This change in local flow pattern increases the shear stress of the water flow on the bed, thereby increasing the sand-carrying capacity of the water flow and causing local scouring pits to form on the foundation. This reduces the bearing capacity of the pile foundation and may lead to foundation instability. Therefore, scouring protection is an important aspect of offshore wind power projects.

[0003] Numerous studies have proposed various solutions to the scour protection problem of monopile foundations, mainly categorized into active and passive protection. Active protection includes measures such as retaining rings and soil stabilization, while passive protection includes measures such as riprap protection and biomimetic aquatic plant protection (e.g., Figure 1 and Figure 2 (As shown).

[0004] Chinese patent CN 118461676 B discloses an anti-scouring device for offshore wind turbine foundations. During construction, a ring-shaped protective body is fitted onto the outside of the offshore wind turbine foundation to prevent direct scouring by seawater or sediment. The ring-shaped design of the protective body facilitates the flow of seawater over the arc-shaped outer surface, reducing the impact force of the water flow on the protective body. Although this structure can, to some extent, keep the horseshoe vortex around the ring-shaped protective body, thereby reducing the gap velocity generated by the horseshoe vortex in the seabed sediment gaps and reducing the amount of sediment carried away, it can only delay the scouring effect of seawater. Under the influence of waves and currents for a long time and under extreme wave and current conditions, scouring pits will still inevitably form.

[0005] Solidified soil protection requires the mixing of chemical curing agents (such as cement or polymers), and construction must be carried out under dry conditions. The humid marine environment increases the risk of failure and construction costs are high. At the same time, seawater erosion and tidal scouring can easily cause the solidified layer to crack or peel off, increasing maintenance costs. Rock-filled protection is prone to being scattered or unevenly settled when the water flow is strong, forming a "protective gap". Biomimetic aquatic plant protection relies on the principle of water flow deceleration, but in practice it is greatly affected by changes in the direction of ocean currents. The materials need to be designed to resist corrosion (such as polyethylene coating), which is costly and easily attached to or physically damaged by marine organisms, requiring cleaning every 2-3 years.

[0006] The movement of seawater creates horseshoe eddies, which scour the seabed and hollow it out, thus affecting the stability of the pile foundation. The above-mentioned protective measures can only reduce the scour and cannot suppress the formation of eddies. Furthermore, once a scour pit is formed, there is no timely warning or suppression measures. Based on this, this application proposes a highly stable offshore wind power foundation to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a highly stable offshore wind power foundation. This foundation uses a flow-disrupting mechanism in conjunction with an adjustment mechanism to precisely and effectively turbulent the incoming flow, preventing the formation of horseshoe vortices and improving the overall stability of the pile foundation. Simultaneously, through a detection mechanism and an inflatable rubber airbag, when the monitoring mechanism detects that sediment has been washed away, the corresponding rubber airbag expands and fills the scour pit through an expansion mechanism, preventing sediment from being washed away by the ocean current. This achieves early warning of scour pits and allows for protective measures to be taken after the warning, thereby improving the overall stability of the pile foundation.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a highly stable offshore wind power foundation, comprising a pile foundation buried on the seabed, with a protective insertion cylinder arranged around its outer side for insertion into the seabed. The top surface of the protective insertion cylinder extends horizontally outward to form a horizontally extending skirt. Multiple rubber airbags are arranged circumferentially and equidistantly below the horizontally extending skirt. Each rubber airbag is equipped with an expansion mechanism, which expands to fill the scour pit when the mud and sand below the horizontally extending skirt are eroded by seawater.

[0009] The protective insertion cylinder is equipped with a monitoring mechanism that works in conjunction with the expansion mechanism on its outer side. The protective insertion cylinder is rotatably equipped with an annular transition chamber on its outer circumference. The annular transition chamber is equipped with a flow disturbance mechanism and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting its angle. Multiple electromagnetic current meters for monitoring the direction of ocean currents are installed on the outer side of the pile foundation via a mounting frame. After the electromagnetic current meters monitor the direction of ocean currents, the angle of the annular transition chamber is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, the protective insertion cylinder is rotatably connected to a rotating connecting chamber via a bearing on its outer circumference. An annular mounting plate is fixed to the outer circumference of the annular transition chamber. The annular transition chamber is sleeved on the rotating connecting chamber and is bolted to the rotating connecting chamber via the annular mounting plate. The adjustment mechanism includes a driven annular gear fixed to the outer side of the pile foundation, an adjustment motor fixed to the inner sidewall of the annular transition chamber, and a driving gear fixed to the output shaft of the adjustment motor. The driving gear meshes with the driven annular gear.

[0011] Furthermore, the turbulence-disrupting mechanism includes multiple flow guide chambers uniformly and equidistantly arranged around the outer periphery of the annular transition chamber. The flow guide chambers are connected to the interior of the annular transition chamber through through holes. Multiple water-filled and expandable rubber buffer tubes are connected to both sides of the flow guide chambers. A second infusion tube is connected to the inner wall of the annular transition chamber, and a second control valve is provided on the second infusion tube. A second pressure sensor for monitoring the water pressure inside each of the multiple flow guide chambers is fixed. The number of flow guide chambers is at least 6 and they are uniformly and equidistantly distributed in a ring. Multiple rubber buffer tubes on the same surface are evenly distributed in a rectangular array. The connection angle between the rubber buffer tubes and the flow guide chambers is not perpendicular, so that the rubber buffer tubes are inclined after being filled with water and expanded. Multiple rubber buffer tubes on the opposite surfaces of two adjacent flow guide chambers are staggered. Multiple jet heads are fixed on the multiple rubber buffer tubes on the same surface and located on the outermost side. The jet heads are used to spray water to turbulent the ocean current.

[0012] Furthermore, the rubber buffer tube and the flow guide chamber are connected by a connecting assembly. The rubber buffer tube is open at one end and closed at the other end. The connecting assembly includes an inner tube fixed to the flow guide chamber. The flow guide chamber has a flow guide hole that communicates with the rubber buffer tube. The flow guide hole is located inside the inner tube. A first fixing ring is threaded to the outer side of the inner tube. A first compression ring is fixed to the inner circumferential wall of the first fixing ring. The inner circumferential wall of the first compression ring and the outer circumferential wall of the inner tube are corresponding inclined surfaces to compress the rubber buffer tube. The open end of the rubber buffer tube is circumferentially adhered to the inner tube by strong adhesive. A plurality of first fastening bolts are fixed to the outer side of the first fixing ring, penetrating into it and abutting against the rubber buffer tube.

[0013] Furthermore, the rubber airbag is adhered to the lower part of the horizontally extended skirt plate with strong adhesive. Multiple bolts are fixed to the top surface of the rubber airbag, extending through to the top of the horizontally extended skirt plate. Nuts are screwed onto the threads of the bolts. After being screwed on, the nuts abut against the horizontally extended skirt plate to fix the rubber airbag. The expansion mechanism includes a third infusion tube that penetrates the horizontally extended skirt plate and communicates with the rubber airbag, and a third control valve provided on the third infusion tube. A third pressure sensor is provided on the rubber airbag to monitor the water pressure inside it.

[0014] Furthermore, the monitoring mechanism includes an annular monitoring chamber, a monitoring component, and a monitoring activation component. The annular monitoring chamber is fixed to the outside of the protective insertion cylinder and forms a closed space with the protective insertion cylinder. It is equipped with multiple partitions to divide the annular monitoring chamber into multiple monitoring single chambers corresponding to multiple rubber airbags. Each monitoring single chamber is equipped with a monitoring component and a monitoring activation component.

[0015] Furthermore, the monitoring component is a buoyancy sensor, which is vertically fixed inside the monitoring chamber. The monitoring chamber has a monitoring hole communicating with the outside. The monitoring opening assembly includes a cylindrical metal chamber fixed to the inner wall of the annular monitoring chamber and open at both ends. A movable rod with one end protruding through the detection hole is horizontally inserted inside the chamber. A sealing plate is vertically fixed to the protruding end of the movable rod. An annular sealing ring is fixed on the sealing plate and is arranged around the outside of the movable rod. The outer peripheral wall of the annular sealing ring is an inclined surface that can be inserted into the monitoring hole. A limit ring and a stop ring are respectively fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the movable rod and the inner peripheral wall of the metal chamber. A tension spring is provided between the limit ring and the stop ring and sleeved on the outside of the movable rod. A vacuum tube with its top end protruding to the outside is provided inside the monitoring chamber. A vacuum control valve is provided on the vacuum tube.

[0016] Furthermore, a fixing and sealing mechanism is provided between the protective insertion cylinder and the pile foundation. The fixing and sealing mechanism includes a docking component and a sealing component. The docking component includes a docking frame fixed on the outer periphery of the pile foundation and a fixing frame fixed on the inner periphery of the protective insertion cylinder. A plurality of positioning blocks are fixed below the fixing frame and inserted into the docking frame to dock with it.

[0017] Furthermore, the sealing assembly includes two second compression rings fixed to the upper inner circumference of the protective insertion cylinder. These two compression rings are arranged vertically, with each opposite side of the two compression rings having an inclined surface. Each opposite side of the two compression rings is provided with a second fixing ring fixed to the inner circumference of the protective insertion cylinder by a second fastening bolt. The opposite sides of the two fixing rings are inclined surfaces corresponding to the second compression rings. An annular rubber pad is provided inside the protective insertion cylinder, with its upper and lower sides respectively positioned within the gaps between the upper and lower sets of second fixing rings and the second compression rings. The upper and lower sides of the annular rubber inner pad are respectively circumferentially adhered to the upper and lower second compression rings by strong adhesive. The inner side of the annular rubber inner pad is also connected to an annular rubber outer pad. The annular rubber outer pad and the annular rubber inner pad are integrally formed, and a closed rhomboid receiving space is formed between them. The protective insertion cylinder is connected to a first infusion tube for filling the space formed between the annular rubber inner pad and the protective insertion cylinder with water. The first infusion tube is equipped with a first control valve. The protective insertion cylinder is fixed with a first pressure sensor for monitoring the water pressure in the space formed between the annular rubber inner pad and the protective insertion cylinder.

[0018] Furthermore, an annular skirt platform is fixed on the horizontally extended skirt plate, and the peripheral edge of the top surface of the annular skirt platform is concave towards its central axis to form a buffer slope. The lower part of the annular transition chamber is an outwardly extending buffer slope. The number of electromagnetic current meters is at least three and they are evenly distributed in a ring.

[0019] The technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. By installing a protective insert cylinder that can be inserted into the seabed on the outside of the pile foundation, the area below the protective insert cylinder can be prevented from being scoured, and the scour can be controlled outside the protective insert cylinder, so that the seabed within the range of the protective insert cylinder does not sink, thus achieving a good scour protection effect; by providing an annular skirt with a buffer slope along the edge of the protective insert cylinder, and at the same time, providing an annular transition chamber with a buffer slope on the outside of the pile foundation, the annular skirt with a buffer slope, in conjunction with the annular transition chamber with a buffer slope, will form a sinking flow when the incoming flow hits the pile body, and the buffer slope can buffer the sinking flow, suppress the formation of horseshoe vortices, induce horizontal diffusion flow, and reduce bottom shear stress;

[0021] 2. When the pile foundation is buried in the seabed and the protective insertion cylinder is inserted into the seabed, the first control valve can be opened. Water is pumped into the space between the annular rubber inner pad and the protective insertion cylinder through the first infusion pipe by the power equipment at the external water source. The first pressure sensor monitors the water pressure in the space, causing the annular rubber inner pad to expand. This causes the annular rubber outer pad to come into contact with and seal against the outer wall of the pile foundation, preventing seawater from entering the lower part of the protective insertion cylinder through the gap between the protective insertion cylinder and the pile foundation. At the same time, after the annular rubber outer pad comes into contact with the outer wall of the pile foundation, the integrity between the protective insertion cylinder and the pile foundation is strengthened, further improving the stability of the entire pile foundation.

[0022] 3. By setting up a monitoring mechanism on the outside of the protective insertion cylinder, in conjunction with multiple rubber airbags under the annular skirt, when the mud and sand on the outside of the protective insertion cylinder are washed away by seawater to form a scour pit, the monitoring mechanism on that side will detect that the mud and sand have been washed away, and cause the corresponding rubber airbag to expand through the expansion mechanism. The expanded rubber airbag can fill the scour pit, further preventing the mud and sand from being washed away by the sea current, realizing the early warning of scour pits and taking protective measures after the early warning, thereby improving the stability of the entire pile foundation.

[0023] 4. By rotatably setting the annular transition chamber on the outer periphery of the pile foundation, and cooperating with multiple guide chambers on it, after the electromagnetic current meter monitors the direction of the ocean current, the rotation of the annular transition chamber can be adjusted by the adjustment mechanism to make the angle of attack between the guide chamber and the incoming current 0°. At this time, the guide chamber can effectively weaken the horseshoe vortex around the pile foundation and weaken the downflow and wake vortex, thereby reducing the scouring around the pile, providing good protection performance, and achieving a smaller shear stress distribution value on the seabed surface.

[0024] 5. When the second control valve on the second infusion pipe is opened, water is pumped through the power equipment at the external water source into the annular transition chamber via the second infusion pipe and then into the guide chamber. The high-pressure water flow entering the guide chamber fills the rubber buffer tube, causing the rubber buffer tube to expand and stand upright. This forms a rubber buffer pipe network between two adjacent guide chambers, effectively buffering the incoming flow and further preventing the formation of horseshoe vortices, thus improving the stability of the entire pile foundation. In addition, the water flow in the multiple rubber buffer tubes on the same surface and located on the outermost side can be sprayed out through the jet head on them. The sprayed water flow can further disrupt the horseshoe vortex structure, prevent the formation of horseshoe vortices, and improve the stability of the entire pile foundation. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the construction and structure of rock-laying protection in existing technologies;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the construction and structure of biomimetic aquatic plant protection in existing technologies;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the inner side of the protective insertion cylinder of the present invention and the pile foundation;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a top view of the rubber buffer tube of the present invention after it has been filled with water and stood upright;

[0030] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point C;

[0031] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0032] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Pile foundation; 2. Mounting frame; 3. Electromagnetic current meter; 4. Annular transition chamber; 5. Annular monitoring chamber; 6. Diversion chamber; 7. Annular skirt; 8. Driving gear; 9. Driven annular gear; 10. First infusion tube; 11. Main infusion tube; 12. Second infusion tube; 13. Rubber buffer tube; 14. Adjusting motor; 15. Protective insertion cylinder; 16. Rotating connection chamber; 17. Annular mounting plate; 18. Internal tube; 19. First fixing ring; 20. First fastening bolt; 21. First compression. 21. Ring; 22. Bearing; 23. Connecting frame; 24. Positioning block; 25. Fixing frame; 26. Second compression ring; 27. Second fixing ring; 28. Second fastening bolt; 29. ​​Annular rubber inner gasket; 30. Annular rubber outer gasket; 31. Rubber airbag; 32. Third infusion tube; 33. Buoyancy sensor; 34. Vacuum tube; 35. Cylindrical metal chamber; 36. Sealing plate; 37. Annular sealing ring; 38. Movable rod; 39. Limiting ring; 40. Stop ring; 41. Tension spring; 42. Jet head. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Please see Figure 3-8 The present invention provides a highly stable offshore wind power foundation, including a pile foundation 1 buried on the seabed, a protective insertion cylinder 15 for inserting into the seabed is provided around the outside of the pile foundation 15, the top surface of the protective insertion cylinder 15 extends outward horizontally to form a horizontally extended skirt, a plurality of rubber airbags 31 are provided circumferentially at equal intervals below the horizontally extended skirt, the rubber airbags 31 are provided with an expansion mechanism, and a monitoring mechanism that works in conjunction with the expansion mechanism is provided on the outside of the protective insertion cylinder 15.

[0036] When the protective insertion cylinder 15 is inserted into the seabed, its inner top wall is flush with the seabed. The insertion of the protective insertion cylinder 15 into the seabed prevents the area below the protective insertion cylinder 15 from being scourned, controlling the scour to the periphery of the protective insertion cylinder 15, so that the seabed within the range of the protective insertion cylinder 15 does not sink, achieving a good scour protection effect. When the mud and sand under the horizontally extended skirt are scourned by seawater to form a scour pit, the monitoring mechanism on that side will detect that the mud and sand have been washed away, causing the corresponding rubber airbag 31 to expand through the expansion mechanism. The expanded rubber airbag 31 can fill the scour pit, further preventing the mud and sand from being washed away by the sea current, realizing early warning of scour pits and taking protective measures after the early warning, thereby improving the stability of the entire pile foundation 1.

[0037] During the aforementioned protection process, a closed space should be formed between the protective insertion cylinder 15 and the pile foundation 1. That is, after the protective insertion cylinder 15 is inserted into the seabed, seawater cannot enter below the protective insertion cylinder 15 through the gap between the protective insertion cylinder 15 and the pile foundation 1. Therefore, in this invention, a fixing and sealing mechanism is provided between the protective insertion cylinder 15 and the pile foundation 1. The fixing and sealing mechanism includes a docking assembly and a sealing assembly. The docking assembly includes a docking frame 23 fixed on the outer periphery of the pile foundation 1 and a fixing frame 25 fixed on the inner periphery of the protective insertion cylinder 15. Multiple vertical supports are fixed below the fixing frame 25. The positioning block 24, which is inserted into the docking frame 23 and docked with it, will gradually be inserted into the docking frame 23 during the process of inserting the protective insertion cylinder 15 into the seabed, until the protective insertion cylinder 15 can no longer move down. At this time, the inner top wall of the protective insertion cylinder 15 is just flush with the seabed, and the positioning block 24 is also completely inserted into the docking frame 23. It should be noted that in this process, the aforementioned construction requirements of the protective insertion cylinder 15 can be accurately achieved by calculating the insertion depth of the pile foundation 1, the height of the docking frame 23 from the seabed, and the required insertion depth of the protective insertion cylinder 15.

[0038] The sealing assembly includes two second compression rings 26 fixed to the upper inner circumference of the protective insertion cylinder 15. The two second compression rings 26 are arranged vertically, with opposite sides of each ring being inclined. Each opposite side of the two second compression rings 26 is provided with a second fixing ring 27 fixed to the inner circumference of the protective insertion cylinder 15 by a second fastening bolt 28. The opposite sides of the two fixing rings 27 are inclined surfaces corresponding to the second compression rings 26. An annular rubber pad 29 is provided inside the protective insertion cylinder 15. The upper and lower sides of the annular rubber pad 29 are respectively placed in the gaps between the upper and lower sets of second fixing rings 27 and second compression rings 26. The upper and lower sides of the inner rubber pad 29 are respectively circumferentially adhered to the upper and lower second compression rings 26 by strong adhesive. The inner side of the annular rubber pad 29 is also connected to the annular rubber outer pad 30. The annular rubber outer pad 30 and the annular rubber pad 29 are integrally formed, and a closed rhomboid receiving space is formed between them. The protective insertion cylinder 15 is connected to a first infusion tube 10 for filling the space formed between the annular rubber pad 29 and the protective insertion cylinder 15 with water. The first infusion tube 10 is equipped with a first control valve. The protective insertion cylinder 15 is fixed with a first pressure sensor for monitoring the water pressure in the space formed between the annular rubber pad 29 and the protective insertion cylinder 15.

[0039] It should be noted that during the fixing process of the annular rubber inner gasket 29, both its upper and lower sides are placed in the gap between the second fixing ring 27 and the second compression ring 26. After fixing the second fixing ring 27, the second fixing ring 27 and the second compression ring 26 form an abutment, thereby clamping the annular rubber inner gasket 29 and forming an annular seal, thus achieving the fixing and sealing of the annular rubber inner gasket 29. The fixing points of the second fastening bolt 28 can be pre-set for the second fixing ring 27 so that the aforementioned effect can be achieved after fixing. The closed rhomboid-shaped accommodating space formed by the annular rubber outer gasket 30 and the annular rubber inner gasket 29 can be filled with filler. The filler can be air or a material that can cause the annular rubber inner gasket 29 to expand and abut and seal with the outer wall of the pile foundation 1. At the same time, the first infusion pipe 10 is connected to the external water source, and the external water source provides power to pump water through the first infusion pipe 10.

[0040] When the pile foundation 1 is buried in the seabed and the protective insertion cylinder 15 is inserted into the seabed, the first control valve can be opened. Water is pumped through the first infusion pipe 10 into the space formed between the annular rubber inner pad 29 and the protective insertion cylinder 15 by the power equipment at the external water source. With the first pressure sensor monitoring the water pressure in the space, the annular rubber inner pad 29 expands, causing the annular rubber outer pad 30 to abut against the outer wall of the pile foundation 1 and seal it. This prevents seawater from entering below the protective insertion cylinder 15 through the gap between the protective insertion cylinder 15 and the pile foundation 1. At the same time, after the annular rubber outer pad 30 abuts against the outer wall of the pile foundation 1, the integrity between the protective insertion cylinder 15 and the pile foundation 1 is strengthened, further improving the stability of the entire pile foundation 1.

[0041] In addition, the present invention also includes an annular transition chamber 4, which is rotatably disposed on the outer side of the protective insertion cylinder 15. The annular transition chamber 4 is provided with a flow disturbance mechanism and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting its angle. Multiple electromagnetic current meters 3 for monitoring the direction of ocean currents are installed on the outside of the pile foundation 1 via mounting bracket 2. The number of electromagnetic current meters 3 is at least three and they are evenly distributed in a ring. After the electromagnetic current meters 3 monitor the direction of ocean currents, the angle of the annular transition chamber 4 is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism.

[0042] Among them, an annular skirt platform 7 is fixed on the horizontally extended skirt plate. The top surface of the annular skirt platform 7 is concave towards its central axis to form a buffer slope. The lower part of the annular transition chamber 4 is an outwardly extending buffer slope. The annular skirt platform 7 with a buffer slope, together with the annular transition chamber 4 with a buffer slope, will form a sinking flow when the incoming flow hits the pile body. The buffer slope can buffer the sinking flow, suppress the formation of horseshoe vortices, induce horizontal diffusion flow, and reduce the bottom shear stress.

[0043] The turbulence-disrupting mechanism includes multiple guide chambers 6 evenly and equidistantly arranged around the annular transition chamber 4 and extending outward. The lower part of the guide chamber 6 extends outward together with the lower part of the annular transition chamber 4 to form a buffer slope. The guide chamber 6 and the interior of the annular transition chamber 4 are connected through through holes. Multiple water-filled and expandable rubber buffer tubes 13 are connected to both sides of the guide chamber 6. A second infusion tube 12 is connected to the inner wall of the annular transition chamber 4. A second control valve is provided on the second infusion tube 12. A second pressure sensor for monitoring the water pressure inside each guide chamber 6 is fixed. Multiple rubber buffer tubes 13 on the same surface are evenly distributed in a rectangular array. The connection angle between the rubber buffer tubes 13 and the guide chamber 6 is not perpendicular, so that the rubber buffer tubes 13 are tilted after being filled with water and expanded. Multiple rubber buffer tubes 13 on the opposite surfaces of two adjacent guide chambers 6 are staggered. Multiple equidistant jet heads 42 are fixed on the multiple rubber buffer tubes 13 on the same surface and located on the outermost side. The jet heads 42 are used to spray water to turbulent the ocean current.

[0044] The placement of the flow guide chamber 6 can reduce the horseshoe vortex around the pile foundation 1 and weaken the downflow and wake vortex, thereby reducing pile scour and providing good protection. Due to the complexity of the marine environment, local scour of the single pile foundation 1 of offshore wind power is caused by ocean currents with different incoming directions. When the angle of attack between the flow guide chamber 6 and the incoming current is 0°, the shear stress distribution value on the seabed surface is the minimum. The direction of the incoming current is monitored by the electromagnetic current meter 3, and the flow guide chamber 6 is rotated by the adjustment mechanism to make the angle of attack between the flow guide chamber 6 and the incoming current 0°, further improving the anti-scour effect of the flow guide chamber 6.

[0045] It should be noted that there are at least six flow guide chambers 6, which are evenly distributed in a ring. Therefore, when adjusting the rotation of the flow guide chambers 6, it is not necessary to adjust the rotation angle of the flow guide chambers 6 too much. It is only necessary to rotate the flow guide chambers 6 that are close to the direction of the incoming flow until they coincide with the direction of the incoming flow. At the same time, the second infusion pipe 12 is connected to an external water source, and the power provided by the external water source is used to pump water through the second infusion pipe 12.

[0046] When the second control valve on the second infusion tube 12 is opened, water is pumped through the power equipment at the external water source into the annular transition chamber 4 via the second infusion tube 12, and then into the guide chamber 6. The high-pressure water flow entering the guide chamber 6 fills the rubber buffer tube 13, causing it to expand and stand upright. The rubber buffer tubes 13 on adjacent guide chambers 6 will be staggered. (See reference for details.) Figure 5 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The rubber buffer tubes 13 are in an unflushed state, naturally drooping, thus forming a network of rubber buffer tubes 13 between adjacent flow chambers 6. This effectively buffers the incoming flow, further preventing the formation of horseshoe vortices and improving the stability of the entire pile foundation 1. Furthermore, water flowing from the multiple outermost rubber buffer tubes 13 on the same surface can be ejected through the jet head 42. The ejected water further disrupts the horseshoe vortex structure, preventing its formation and improving the overall stability of the pile foundation 1. It should be noted that the direction of the water jet from the jet head 42 should preferably be perpendicular to the pile foundation 1. This angle can be calculated by determining the connection angle between the rubber buffer tubes 13 and the flow chamber 6. Simultaneously, to ensure that the rubber buffer tubes 13 remain flushed and upright while the jet head 42 is ejecting water, the water pressure in the flow chamber 6 can be monitored using a second pressure sensor. During high-pressure flow, the rubber buffer tubes 13 will flush and stand upright first, followed by the jet head 42 ejecting water. This can be achieved simply by controlling the internal water pressure.

[0047] The connection between the rubber buffer tube 13 and the flow guide chamber 6 is made by a connecting assembly. The rubber buffer tube 13 is open at one end and closed at the other end. The connecting assembly includes an inner tube 18 fixed to the flow guide chamber 6. The flow guide chamber 6 has a flow guide hole that communicates with the rubber buffer tube 13. The flow guide hole is located inside the inner tube 18. A first fixing ring 19 is threaded to the outer side of the inner tube 18. A first compression ring 21 is fixed to the inner circumferential wall of the first fixing ring 19. The inner circumferential wall of the first compression ring 21 and the outer circumferential wall of the inner tube 18 are corresponding inclined surfaces, which are used to compress the rubber buffer tube 13. The open end of the rubber buffer tube 13 is circumferentially adhered to the inner tube 18 by strong adhesive. A plurality of first fastening bolts 20 are fixed to the outer side of the first fixing ring 19, which penetrate into it and abut against the rubber buffer tube 13.

[0048] The outer peripheral wall of the built-in tube 18 is provided with a threaded groove, and the inner end of the first fixing ring 19 is threaded. It can be screwed onto the built-in tube 18 by threading it into the threaded groove. During connection, the open end of the rubber buffer tube 13 is sleeved on the built-in tube 18, and then the first fixing ring 19 is screwed on. The first compression ring 21 on the inner peripheral wall of the first fixing ring 19 will abut against the inclined surface of the inner wall of the built-in tube 18, thereby clamping the rubber buffer tube 13 and forming an annular seal. At the same time, the first fastening bolt 20 is screwed into the first fixing ring 19, and the first fastening bolt 20 will also abut against the rubber buffer tube 13, further strengthening the fixation of the rubber buffer tube 13.

[0049] Specifically, for adjusting the angle of the annular transition chamber 4, the protective insertion cylinder 15 is rotatably connected to the rotating connecting chamber 16 via the bearing 22 on its outer circumference. An annular mounting plate 17 is fixed to the outer circumference of the annular transition chamber 4. The annular transition chamber 4 is sleeved on the rotating connecting chamber 16 and is bolted to the rotating connecting chamber 16 via the annular mounting plate 17. The adjustment mechanism includes a driven ring gear 9 fixed to the outer side of the pile foundation 1, an adjustment motor 14 fixed to the inner side wall of the annular transition chamber 4, and a driving gear 8 fixed to the output shaft of the adjustment motor 14. The driving gear 8 meshes with the driven ring gear 9. The adjustment motor 14 drives the driving gear 8 to rotate. When the driving gear 8 meshes with the driven ring gear 9 and the driven ring gear 9 remains stationary, the driving gear 8 will revolve around the driven ring gear 9, thereby achieving the adjustment of the angle of the annular transition chamber 4.

[0050] The rubber airbag 31 is adhered to the underside of the horizontally extended skirt panel using strong adhesive. Multiple bolts extending from the top of the rubber airbag 31 to the top of the horizontally extended skirt panel are fixed thereon. Nuts are screwed onto the threads of these bolts, and after being screwed on, the nuts abut against the horizontally extended skirt panel. Combined with the strong adhesive, this secures the rubber airbag 31. It should be noted that while the upper surface of the rubber airbag 31 is fixed to the horizontally extended skirt panel, its lower surface can be stretched under force. The expansion mechanism includes a third infusion tube 32 that penetrates the horizontally extended skirt panel and communicates with the rubber airbag 31, and a third control valve located on the third infusion tube 32. The rubber airbag 31 is equipped with a third pressure sensor for monitoring the water pressure inside. Regarding the water supply from the third infusion tube 32, see the attached... Figure 3 , 4 The structure shown in Figure 8 is such that the third infusion tube 32 is connected to the annular transition chamber 4. Water is sent into the annular transition chamber 4 through the second infusion tube 12, and then enters the rubber airbag 31 through the third infusion tube 32. Alternatively, the third infusion tube 32 can be connected to an external water source, and the external water source provides power to pump water through the third infusion tube 32. When the latter solution is adopted, the first infusion tube 10, the second infusion tube 12, and the third infusion tube 32 are all connected to a main infusion tube 11. The main infusion tube 11 is equipped with a main control valve. The main infusion tube 11 is connected to an external water source, and the external water source provides power to pump water through the main infusion tube 11, and then the water is pumped into the first infusion tube 10, the second infusion tube 12, and the third infusion tube 32. However, if the former solution is adopted, it is only necessary to connect the first infusion tube 10 and the second infusion tube 12 to the main infusion tube 11.

[0051] When the rubber airbag 31 needs to be inflated, simply open the third control valve, and the power equipment at the external water source will pump water into the rubber airbag 31 through the third infusion pipe 32. The rubber airbag 31 will expand due to the water pressure, and then fit against the seabed in the scour pit. With the monitoring of the third pressure sensor, the scour pit will be sealed to prevent the sediment from being further washed away by the ocean current, and the entire device will be more stable.

[0052] The monitoring mechanism includes an annular monitoring chamber 5, monitoring components, and a monitoring opening assembly. The annular monitoring chamber 5 is fixed to the outside of the protective insertion cylinder 15 and forms a closed space with the protective insertion cylinder 15. It contains multiple partitions to divide the annular monitoring chamber 5 into multiple monitoring compartments corresponding to multiple rubber airbags 31. Each monitoring compartment contains a monitoring component and a monitoring opening assembly. The monitoring component is a buoyancy sensor 33, which is vertically fixed inside the monitoring compartment. Each monitoring compartment has a monitoring hole communicating with the outside. The monitoring opening assembly includes a cylindrical metal rod fixed to the inner wall of the annular monitoring chamber 5 and open at both ends. The chamber 35 has a movable rod 38 extending laterally through it, with one end protruding from a detection hole. A sealing plate 36 is vertically fixed to the protruding end of the movable rod 38. An annular sealing ring 37 is fixed on the sealing plate 36 and is arranged around the outside of the movable rod 38. The outer peripheral wall of the annular sealing ring 37 is an inclined surface that can be inserted into the monitoring hole. A limit ring 39 and a stop ring 40 are respectively fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the movable rod 38 and the inner peripheral wall of the metal chamber. A tension spring 41 is provided between the limit ring 39 and the stop ring 40 and is sleeved on the outside of the movable rod 38. A vacuum tube 34 with its top end extending to the outside is provided in the monitoring chamber. A vacuum control valve is provided on the vacuum tube 34.

[0053] The lower part of the annular detection chamber is sloped, which, together with the protective insertion cylinder 15, forms a cone shape at the bottom of the protective insertion cylinder 15, facilitating its insertion into the seabed. The rubber airbags 31 are arranged in a ring, and the monitoring chambers are also arranged in a ring, corresponding one-to-one with the rubber airbags 31. Thus, when a monitoring chamber detects an erosion pit on the external seabed, the corresponding rubber airbag 31 expands, sealing the erosion pit. The monitoring principle is that when an erosion pit appears on the seabed and seawater enters, it can be sensed by the buoyancy sensor 33. During the construction of the protective insertion cylinder 15, seawater should not be able to enter the monitoring chamber. The monitoring opening component opens the monitoring chamber by sealing it. Before construction, the sealing plate 36 is fitted with the annular sealing ring 37, which is inserted into the monitoring hole. At this time, the vacuum control valve can be opened, allowing external vacuum equipment to evacuate the monitoring chamber through the vacuum tube 34, creating negative pressure inside. This ensures that the annular sealing ring 37 on the sealing plate 36 is tightly inserted into the monitoring hole. If the protective insertion cylinder 15 does not detach, after the construction of the protective insertion cylinder 15 is completed, the vacuum control valve can be opened to prevent the monitoring chamber from forming a negative pressure. At this time, the protective insertion cylinder 15 is inserted into the seabed and is squeezed by the seabed. The annular sealing ring 37 on the sealing plate 36 is still inserted into the monitoring hole, and the monitoring chamber is still isolated from the outside. In addition, it should be noted that when seawater is poured in, the buoyancy sensor 33 completes the detection work, the rubber airbag 31 has inflated, and the scour pit is blocked. Before manual protective construction is required, the water in the rubber airbag 31 can be pumped out in reverse through the third infusion pipe 32 to restore the rubber airbag 31. Then, manual protective measures are taken to backfill the scour pit, so that the annular sealing ring 37 on the sealing plate 36 is inserted into the monitoring hole again to form a blockage. Then, the vacuum pipe 34 pumps back the seawater in the monitoring chamber to restore the monitoring function of the monitoring chamber.

[0054] All electrical components mentioned in the text are electrically connected to the main controller and power supply equipment via wires. The main controller can be a conventional known device such as a computer that performs control, and the existing publicly available power connection technology will not be elaborated in the text. At the same time, a wiring compartment can be set on the outside of the pile foundation 1. The wires and each infusion pipe can be made of corrosion-resistant material and buried together in the wiring compartment. This is the existing publicly available technology of the offshore wind power pile foundation 1, and will not be elaborated in the text here. Furthermore, it should be noted that in the above scheme, the wires and infusion pipes involved are all provided with a certain margin in length. The reserved margin allows for a certain degree of slack to accommodate the rotation of the annular transition chamber 4 and avoid mechanical damage.

[0055] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0056] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-stability offshore wind power foundation, characterized in that, include: The pile foundation (1) buried on the seabed has a protective insertion cylinder (15) for inserting into the seabed around its outer side. The protective insertion cylinder (15) has a horizontally extended skirt plate formed by the outer side edge of the top surface. Multiple rubber airbags (31) are arranged circumferentially and evenly below the horizontally extended skirt plate. The rubber airbags (31) are equipped with an expansion mechanism so that when the mud and sand below the horizontally extended skirt plate are washed by seawater to form a scour pit, the corresponding rubber airbags (31) expand and fill the scour pit through the expansion mechanism. The protective insertion tube (15) is provided with a monitoring mechanism on the outside that works in conjunction with the expansion mechanism; An annular transition chamber (4) is rotatably located on the outer side of the protective insertion cylinder (15). The annular transition chamber (4) is provided with a turbulence mechanism and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting its angle. Multiple electromagnetic current meters (3) used to monitor the direction of ocean currents are installed on the outside of the pile foundation (1) via mounting brackets (2). After the electromagnetic current meters (3) monitor the direction of ocean currents, the angle of the annular transition chamber (4) is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism. The protective insert cylinder (15) is rotatably connected to a rotating connecting chamber (16) via a bearing (22) on its outer circumference. An annular mounting plate (17) is fixed to the outer circumference of the annular transition chamber (4). The annular transition chamber (4) is sleeved on the rotating connecting chamber (16) and bolted to the rotating connecting chamber (16) via the annular mounting plate (17). The adjustment mechanism includes a driven ring gear (9) fixed to the outer side of the pile foundation (1), an adjustment motor (14) fixed to the inner side wall of the annular transition chamber (4), and a driving gear (8) fixed to the output shaft of the adjustment motor (14). The driving gear (8) meshes with the driven ring gear (9). The turbulence-inducing mechanism includes multiple flow guide chambers (6) evenly and equidistantly arranged around the annular transition chamber (4) on its outer periphery. The flow guide chambers (6) are connected to the interior of the annular transition chamber (4) through through holes. Multiple water-filled and expandable rubber buffer tubes (13) are connected to both sides of each flow guide chamber (6). A second infusion tube (12) is connected to the inner wall of the annular transition chamber (4). A second control valve is provided on the second infusion tube (12). A second pressure sensor for monitoring the water pressure inside each flow guide chamber (6) is fixed to each flow guide chamber (6). The number of flow guide chambers (6) is at least six. The rubber buffer tubes (13) are evenly distributed in a ring. Multiple rubber buffer tubes (13) on the same surface are evenly distributed in a rectangular array. The connection angle between the rubber buffer tubes (13) and the flow guide chamber (6) is not perpendicular, so that the rubber buffer tubes (13) are tilted after being filled with water and expanded. Multiple rubber buffer tubes (13) on the opposite surfaces of two adjacent flow guide chambers (6) are staggered. Multiple jet heads (42) are fixed on the rubber buffer tubes (13) on the same surface and located on the outermost side. The jet heads (42) are used to spray water to disturb the ocean current.

2. The high-stability offshore wind power foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber buffer tube (13) and the flow guide chamber (6) are connected by a connecting assembly. The rubber buffer tube (13) is open at one end and closed at the other end. The connecting assembly includes an inner tube (18) fixed on the flow guide chamber (6). The flow guide chamber (6) is provided with a flow guide hole that communicates with the rubber buffer tube (13). The flow guide hole is located inside the inner tube (18). The outer side of the inner tube (18) is threaded with a first fixing ring (19). The inner circumferential wall of the first fixing ring (19) is fixed with a first compression ring (21). The inner circumferential wall of the first compression ring (21) and the outer circumferential wall of the inner tube (18) are corresponding inclined surfaces, which are used to compress the rubber buffer tube (13). The open end of the rubber buffer tube (13) is circumferentially adhered to the inner tube (18) by strong glue. The first fixing ring (19) is circumferentially fixed with a plurality of first fastening bolts (20) that penetrate into it and abut against the rubber buffer tube (13).

3. A high-stability offshore wind power foundation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The rubber airbag (31) is adhered to the bottom of the horizontal extension skirt with strong adhesive. The top surface of the rubber airbag (31) is fixed with a plurality of bolts that penetrate to the top of the horizontal extension skirt. Nuts are screwed onto the threads of the bolts. After the nuts are screwed on, they abut against the horizontal extension skirt to fix the rubber airbag (31). The expansion mechanism includes a third infusion tube (32) that penetrates the horizontal extension skirt and communicates with the rubber airbag (31) and a third control valve provided on the third infusion tube (32). The rubber airbag (31) is provided with a third pressure sensor for monitoring the water pressure inside it.

4. A high-stability offshore wind power foundation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The monitoring mechanism includes an annular monitoring chamber (5), monitoring components, and a monitoring activation component. The annular monitoring chamber (5) is fixed to the outside of the protective insertion cylinder (15) and forms a closed space with the protective insertion cylinder (15). It is provided with multiple partitions to divide the annular monitoring chamber (5) into multiple monitoring single chambers corresponding to multiple rubber airbags (31). Each monitoring single chamber is provided with a monitoring component and a monitoring activation component.

5. A high-stability offshore wind power foundation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The monitoring component is a buoyancy sensor (33), which is vertically fixed inside the monitoring chamber. The monitoring chamber has a monitoring hole that communicates with the outside. The monitoring opening component includes a cylindrical metal chamber (35) fixed to the inner wall of the annular monitoring chamber (5) and open at both ends. A movable rod (38) with one end protruding from the monitoring hole runs horizontally through the chamber. A sealing plate (36) is vertically fixed to the protruding end of the movable rod (38). A ring is fixed on the sealing plate (36) around the outside of the movable rod (38). The annular sealing ring (37) has an outer peripheral wall that is inclined to allow insertion into the monitoring hole. The outer peripheral wall of the movable rod (38) and the inner peripheral wall of the metal chamber are respectively fixed with a limit ring (39) and a stop ring (40). A tension spring (41) is provided between the limit ring (39) and the stop ring (40) and sleeved on the outside of the movable rod (38). The monitoring chamber is provided with a vacuum tube (34) with its top end extending to the outside. A vacuum control valve is provided on the vacuum tube (34).

6. A high-stability offshore wind power foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed sealing mechanism is provided between the protective insertion cylinder (15) and the pile foundation (1). The fixed sealing mechanism includes a docking component and a sealing component. The docking component includes a docking frame (23) fixed on the outer periphery of the pile foundation (1) and a fixing frame (25) fixed on the inner periphery of the protective insertion cylinder (15). A plurality of positioning blocks (24) are fixed below the fixing frame (25) and are inserted into the docking frame (23) to dock with it.

7. A high-stability offshore wind power foundation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sealing assembly includes two second compression rings (26) fixed above the inner circumference of the protective insert (15). The two second compression rings (26) are arranged vertically, with opposite sides of each ring being inclined. Each opposite side of the two second compression rings (26) is provided with a second fixing ring (27) fixed to the inner circumference of the protective insert (15) by a second fastening bolt (28). The opposite sides of the two second fixing rings (27) are inclined surfaces corresponding to the second compression rings (26). The protective insert (15) contains an annular rubber pad (29), with its upper and lower sides respectively positioned within the gaps between the upper and lower sets of second fixing rings (27) and the second compression rings (26). The upper and lower sides of the annular rubber inner pad (29) are respectively circumferentially adhered to the upper and lower second compression rings (26) by strong adhesive. The inner side of the annular rubber inner pad (29) is also connected to the annular rubber outer pad (30). The annular rubber outer pad (30) and the annular rubber inner pad (29) are integrally formed, and a closed rhomboid accommodating space is formed between them. The protective insertion tube (15) is connected to a first infusion tube (10) for filling the space formed between the annular rubber inner pad (29) and the protective insertion tube (15) with water. The first infusion tube (10) is provided with a first control valve. The protective insertion tube (15) is fixed with a first pressure sensor for monitoring the water pressure in the space formed between the annular rubber inner pad (29) and the protective insertion tube (15).

8. A high-stability offshore wind power foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular skirt platform (7) is fixed on the horizontally extended skirt plate. The top surface of the annular skirt platform (7) is concave towards its central axis to form a buffer slope. The lower part of the annular transition chamber (4) is an outwardly extending buffer slope. The number of electromagnetic current meters (3) is at least three and they are evenly distributed in a ring.

Images