Crawler belt self-propelled intelligent ditching variable fertilizer applicator and method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a crawler belt self-propelled intelligent ditching variable fertilizer applicator, and relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, the crawler belt self-propelled intelligent ditching variable fertilizer applicator comprises a supporting base arranged on one side of a crawler belt walking structure, a sliding plate is slidably arranged on the supporting base through a sliding limiting device, and a rack is arranged on the sliding plate through a height adjusting device; the ditching and fertilizing structure is rotationally arranged on one side of the rack, a swing block is arranged on the other side of the rack, an arc-shaped rack is arranged on one side of the swing block, a gear column meshed with the arc-shaped rack is rotationally arranged on the supporting base through a linkage device, and the input end of the linkage device is matched with the output end of the hydraulic driving structure. According to the invention, fertilization grooves continuously fitting crops can be dug on the premise of not adjusting the direction of the equipment, so that the problems that a ditching fertilizer applicator in the related technology is mostly limited to linear ditching operation, only a single linear groove can be dug, and the direction of the equipment needs to be frequently adjusted during linear ditching are solved; further, the ditching operation efficiency and the fertilization accuracy are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and in particular to a tracked self-propelled intelligent ditching variable fertilizer applicator and its method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the orchard industry has become the third largest agricultural industry in my country. my country's fruit production and planting area are among the world's top levels. As a typical labor-intensive industry, the orchard industry requires a large labor force. With the promotion of agricultural mechanization, most agricultural machinery in the field of agricultural mechanization engineering equipment is integrated; and the ditching and fertilizing machine, as a type of integrated agricultural machinery, is used in orchard fertilization, which can complete the ditching and fertilization operations on the orchard ground in one go.

[0003] In related technologies, Chinese utility model patent CN219165087U provides a tracked remote-controlled hydraulically driven trenching and fertilizing machine for hilly terrain. The power of the diesel engine is transmitted in one direction through the transfer case to the gear pump, and then to the hydraulic motor to drive the machine to move. The other power is transmitted through the transfer case to the left side of the machine to the transmission mechanism, and then through the transmission mechanism to the trenching disc cutter via the gearbox. The trenching disc cutter rotates while the machine moves, which can complete the trenching operation. When the fertilizer hopper discharge plate is opened, the trenching and fertilizing operations can be completed in one go in conjunction with the trenching operation.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors believe that the trenching and fertilizing machines in these technologies are mostly limited to straight trenching operations, and can only excavate a single straight trench. At the same time, straight trenching requires frequent adjustments to the equipment direction, making it impossible to form a continuous fertilizing trench that fits the plant, resulting in low trenching efficiency and insufficient fertilization accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a tracked self-propelled intelligent ditching variable fertilizer applicator and its method, so as to solve the problems that ditching fertilizer applicators in related technologies are mostly limited to straight ditching operations, can only dig a single straight ditch, and at the same time, straight ditching requires frequent adjustment of the equipment direction, which cannot form a continuous fertilizer ditch that fits the organism, resulting in low ditching efficiency and insufficient fertilization accuracy.

[0006] On the one hand, the tracked self-propelled intelligent ditching variable fertilizer applicator and its method provided in this application adopt the following technical solution: A tracked self-propelled intelligent ditching and fertilizing machine includes a tracked walking structure, a hydraulic drive structure, and a ditching and fertilizing structure. It also includes a support base mounted on one side of the tracked walking structure. A sliding plate is slidably mounted on the support base via a sliding limit device. A frame is mounted on the sliding plate via a height adjustment device. The ditching and fertilizing structure is rotatably mounted on one side of the frame. A swing block is mounted on the other side of the frame. An arc-shaped rack is mounted on one side of the swing block. A gear column that meshes with the arc-shaped rack is rotatably mounted on the support base via a linkage device. The input end of the linkage device cooperates with the output end of the hydraulic drive structure.

[0007] Furthermore, the height adjustment device includes stabilizing sleeves symmetrically arranged on the top of the sliding plate, lifting pipes symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the frame, guide components provided between each of the two lifting pipes and the two stabilizing sleeves, hinge seats symmetrically arranged on the top of the sliding plate, lifting cylinders hinged to each of the two hinge seats, and hinge sleeves provided on the piston rods of the two lifting cylinders, and hinge frames symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the frame, with hinge shafts cooperating with the hinge sleeves provided in each of the two hinge frames.

[0008] Furthermore, the guiding assembly includes a guide block disposed on the outside of the lifting tube, a guide hole that cooperates with the guide block is opened on the outside of the stabilizing sleeve, stabilizing blocks are symmetrically disposed at both ends of the outside of the stabilizing sleeve, a stabilizing rod is disposed between the two stabilizing blocks, and a stabilizing hole that cooperates with the stabilizing rod is opened on the guide block.

[0009] Furthermore, a stabilizing mechanism is provided between the two stabilizing sleeves and the two lifting tubes. The stabilizing mechanism includes a stabilizing housing disposed between the two stabilizing sleeves. Stabilizing gears are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the stabilizing housing via a drive assembly. A rack sliding hole is provided on the outer side of each of the two stabilizing sleeves. A stabilizing rack is provided on one side of each of the two lifting tubes to cooperate with the rack sliding hole. The stabilizing rack meshes with the stabilizing gear.

[0010] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a drive shaft rotatably disposed on both sides of the stabilizing housing, two stabilizing gears respectively disposed at both ends of the drive shaft, a driven bevel gear disposed on the drive shaft, a drive motor disposed on one side of the stabilizing housing, and an active bevel gear meshing with the driven bevel gear disposed at the output end of the drive motor.

[0011] Furthermore, the linkage device includes a linkage rod rotatably mounted on the support base, a gear column mounted on the top of the linkage rod, a first linkage bevel gear mounted on the linkage rod, a linkage seat mounted on the support base, a linkage shaft rotatably mounted on the linkage seat, a second linkage bevel gear and an input pulley mounted at both ends of the linkage shaft, the second linkage bevel gear meshing with the first linkage bevel gear, an output pulley mounted at the output end of the hydraulic drive structure, and a belt wound between the output pulley and the input pulley.

[0012] Furthermore, the sliding limiting device includes a sliding block disposed at the bottom of the sliding plate, a sliding groove that cooperates with the sliding block is provided on the sliding plate, limiting blocks are provided on both sides of the sliding block, limiting grooves that cooperate with the limiting blocks are provided on both sides of the sliding groove, a plurality of first balls that abut against the groove wall of the limiting groove are rolled on one side of the two limiting blocks, and a plurality of second balls that abut against the surface of the support base are also rolled on the bottom of the sliding plate.

[0013] Furthermore, each end wall of the sliding groove is provided with a contact sensor 1 that cooperates with the sliding block, and the contact sensor 1 is connected to the hydraulic drive structure; each end of the gear column is provided with a touch plate, and each side of the arc-shaped rack is provided with a plurality of contact sensors 2 that cooperate with the touch plates, and the plurality of contact sensors 2 are respectively connected to the lifting cylinder and the drive motor.

[0014] Furthermore, the trenching and fertilizing structure includes a gear adjustment arm rotatably mounted on one side of the frame via a depth adjustment cylinder. The gear adjustment arm contains a transmission drive device that cooperates with the hydraulic drive structure. The top of the gear adjustment arm has a gear adjustment device that cooperates with the transmission drive device. One side of the gear adjustment arm has a gearbox that cooperates with the transmission drive device. The output end of the gearbox has a disc cutter, and the top of the gearbox has a fertilizer hopper that cooperates with the disc cutter.

[0015] On the other hand, the trenching and fertilization method of the tracked self-propelled intelligent trenching variable fertilizer applicator provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A method for ditching and fertilizing a tracked self-propelled intelligent ditching and variable displacement fertilizer applicator includes the following steps: S1. When performing trenching and fertilization operations, the equipment is moved to the designated location for trenching and fertilization by the tracked walking structure. The transmission drive device is started by the hydraulic drive structure. The transmission drive device transmits power to the disc cutter through the gearbox, causing the trenching disc cutter to rotate. Then, under the adjustment of the depth adjustment cylinder, the disc cutter performs trenching operations. At the same time, the fertilizer hopper transports fertilizer into the trench, thus completing the trenching and fertilization operation. S2. When it is necessary to excavate a trench for continuous bonding materials, the output pulley is driven to rotate by the hydraulic drive structure. Under the action of the belt, the input pulley is driven to rotate. The input pulley drives the second linkage bevel gear to rotate through the linkage shaft. The second linkage bevel gear drives the linkage rod to rotate through the first linkage bevel gear. The linkage rod drives the gear column to rotate. The gear column drives the swing block and the arc rack to swing. Then, under the sliding support of the sliding limit device, the sliding plate and the height adjustment device, the trenching and fertilization structure on the frame is oscillating, thereby excavating a trench for continuous bonding materials. S3. When it is necessary to adjust the trench excavation depth, the angle of the up-and-down swing of the trenching and fertilizing structure can be further adjusted by adjusting the extension of the piston rod of the depth adjustment cylinder, thereby completing the trenching depth adjustment process; or the lifting cylinder and the drive motor can be started simultaneously by the hydraulic drive structure, and then the frame and the trenching and fertilizing structure can be adjusted up and down simultaneously under the dual drive of the drive motor and the lifting cylinder, thereby further adjusting the vertical angle of the up-and-down swing of the trenching and fertilizing structure, thereby completing the trenching depth adjustment process.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: By setting up a structure in which a support base, sliding plate, sliding limit device, frame, height adjustment device, swing block, arc rack, gear column and linkage device work together, it is possible to excavate continuous fertilization trenches that fit the material without adjusting the direction of the equipment. This solves the problem that most trenching and fertilizing machines in related technologies are limited to straight trenching operations, can only excavate a single straight trench and require frequent adjustments to the direction of the equipment when trenching in a straight line. This improves the efficiency of trenching operations and the accuracy of fertilization.

[0017] Meanwhile, the height adjustment device not only effectively adjusts the vertical height of the frame and the trenching fertilization structure, allowing the trenching fertilization structure to excavate trenches of different depths, but also effectively stabilizes the frame and the trenching fertilization structure, thereby improving the stability of the trenching fertilization structure. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tracked self-propelled intelligent ditching variable fertilizer applicator according to an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the support base and sliding plate in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the height adjustment device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding limit device and guide assembly according to an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the stabilizing mechanism in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the trenching and fertilization structure in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission drive device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the gear adjustment device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting shaft, adjusting cross arm, and adjusting block in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting spring in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage device in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Tracked walking structure; 2. Hydraulic drive structure; 3. Trenching and fertilizing structure; 31. Gear adjustment box arm; 32. Drive shaft one; 33. Depth adjustment cylinder; 34. Transmission drive device; 341. Drive motor; 342. Drive main gear; 343. Gear adjustment rod; 344. Drive shaft two; 345. Driven gear one; 346. Double gear sleeve; 347. Driven gear two; 348. Gear output gear; 35. Gear adjustment device; 351. Adjustment seat; 352. Adjustment shaft 353. Adjusting crossarm; 3531. Adjusting block; 354. Adjusting sleeve; 355. Adjusting sleeve; 3551. Stop block; 356. Adjusting rod; 3561. Adjusting stop head; 3562. Adjusting handle; 357. Adjusting spring; 358. Adjusting baffle; 381. Adjusting gear hole; 36. Gearbox; 37. Disc cutter; 38. Fertilizer hopper; 4. Support base; 41. Sliding plate; 42. Sliding limit device; 421. Sliding block; 422. Limiting block; 423. Ball bearing. 1; 424, Sliding groove; 425, Limiting groove; 426, Contact sensor one; 43, Frame; 44, Height adjustment device; 441, Stabilizing sleeve; 442, Lifting pipe; 443, Guide assembly; 4431, Guide block; 4432, Stabilizing block; 4433, Stabilizing rod; 4434, Guide hole; 444, Hinge seat; 445, Lifting cylinder; 446, Hinge sleeve; 447, Hinge frame; 45, Swing block; 46, Arc rack; 461, Contact sensor two; 47 471. Gear post; 48. Touch plate; 49. Linkage device; 40. Linkage rod; 41. Linkage bevel gear one; 42. Linkage seat; 43. Linkage shaft; 44. Linkage bevel gear two; 45. Input pulley; 46. Stabilizing mechanism; 471. Stabilizing housing; 482. Stabilizing gear; 493. Drive assembly; 494. Drive shaft; 495. Drive motor; 496. Driven bevel gear; 497. Stabilizing rack; 498. Rack sliding hole. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-11 This application will be described in further detail.

[0031] On the one hand, this application discloses a tracked self-propelled intelligent ditching and variable fertilizer applicator, referring to... Figure 1In this embodiment, the tracked self-propelled intelligent ditching and variable fertilizer applicator includes a tracked walking structure 1, a hydraulic drive structure 2, and a ditching and fertilizing structure 3. The tracked walking structure 1 includes a base frame and tracked chassis assemblies symmetrically mounted on both sides of the base frame. The two tracked chassis assemblies enable the entire device to move stably and flexibly in hilly terrain. The hydraulic drive structure 2 is mounted on top of the base frame and provides hydraulic power to the two tracked chassis assemblies. Specifically, the tracked chassis assemblies and the hydraulic drive structure 2 are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0032] At the same time, refer to Figures 2-4 In this embodiment, the tracked self-propelled intelligent ditching variable fertilizer applicator also includes a support base 4, a sliding plate 41, a sliding limit device 42, a frame 43, a height adjustment device 44, a swing block 45, an arc-shaped rack 46, a gear column 47, and a linkage device 48. The support base 4 is installed on the rear side of the base frame within the tracked walking structure 1 using multiple locking components, all of which are bolts, nuts, and washers, to securely install the support base 4 onto the base frame. The sliding plate 41 is slidably installed on the top of the support base 4 via the sliding limit device 42. The sliding limit device 42 effectively moves and limits the movement of the sliding plate 41 and the components mounted on it.

[0033] Specifically, in this embodiment, the sliding limiting device 42 includes a sliding block 421, a limiting block 422, a first ball bearing 423, and a second ball bearing. The sliding block 421 is installed on the bottom side of the sliding plate 41, and a sliding groove 424 is formed on the surface of the sliding plate 41. The sliding groove 424 cooperates with the sliding block 421, allowing the sliding plate 41 to slide within the sliding groove 424. Two limiting blocks 422 are provided, symmetrically installed on both sides of the sliding block 421. Limiting grooves 425 are formed on both sides of the sliding groove 424, and these limiting grooves 425 cooperate with the limiting blocks 422 to effectively limit the sliding movement of the sliding block 421, thereby allowing the sliding plate 41 to be stably slidably installed on the top of the support base 4.

[0034] More specifically, the sliding block 421, sliding groove 424, limiting block 422, and limiting groove 425 are all arc-shaped structures, which enable the sliding plate 41 to achieve an arc-shaped movement trajectory. In another embodiment, the cooperation structure of the sliding block 421 and the sliding groove 424 can also be a dovetail block and dovetail groove cooperation structure, which can further limit the sliding plate 41 to be installed on the support base 4. At the same time, with the limiting structure of the limiting block 422 and the limiting groove 425, the sliding plate 41 can be doubly limited, thereby making the sliding plate 41 more stably installed on the support base 4.

[0035] Multiple first ball bearings 423 are provided, each rollingly mounted on the side of the two limiting blocks 422 away from the sliding block 421, and each first ball bearing 423 abuts against the two side walls of the limiting groove 425. Multiple second ball bearings are provided, each rollingly mounted on the bottom of the sliding plate 41, and each second ball bearing abuts against the surface of the support base 4. By providing the first and second ball bearings, the friction between the limiting blocks 422 and the sliding plate 41 and the support base 4 can be reduced, thus making the sliding plate 41 move more smoothly. Similarly, in other embodiments, by providing two sliding limiting devices 42, symmetrically installed between the sliding plate 41 and the support base 4, the sliding plate 41 can be further reinforced and slidably mounted on the support base 4.

[0036] Additionally, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, the frame 43 is mounted on the top of the sliding plate 41 via a height adjustment device 44, and the trenching and fertilizing structure 3 is mounted on the rear side of the frame 43 to realize the trenching and fertilizing operations. By setting the height adjustment device 44, not only can the vertical height of the frame 43 and the trenching and fertilizing structure 3 be effectively adjusted, so that the trenching and fertilizing structure 3 can excavate trenches of different depths, but it can also effectively stabilize and support the frame 43 and the trenching and fertilizing structure 3, thereby improving the stability of the trenching and fertilizing structure 3.

[0037] Specifically, in this embodiment, the height adjustment device 44 includes a stabilizing sleeve 441, a lifting tube 442, a guide assembly 443, a hinge seat 444, a lifting cylinder 445, a hinge sleeve 446, a hinge frame 447, and a hinge shaft. Two stabilizing sleeves 441 are provided, symmetrically mounted on the top of the sliding plate 41; two lifting tubes 442 are provided, their top ends symmetrically mounted on the bottom of the frame 43, and the two lifting tubes 442 are slidably mounted to the two stabilizing sleeves 441 respectively, such that the bottom ends of the two lifting tubes 442 extend into the interior of the two stabilizing sleeves 441 respectively.

[0038] Meanwhile, two guide components 443 are provided, each installed between one of the two lifting pipes 442 and one of the two stabilizing sleeves 441, to effectively guide and stabilize the vertical lifting of the lifting pipes 442. More specifically, refer to... Figure 4In this embodiment, the guide assembly 443 includes a guide block 4431, a stabilizing block 4432, and a stabilizing rod 4433. The guide block 4431 is mounted on the outside of the lifting tube 442, and a guide hole 4434 is formed on the outside of the stabilizing sleeve 441. The guide hole 4434 cooperates with the guide block 4431, allowing the guide block 4431 to extend outward along the guide hole 4434. When the lifting tube 442 moves vertically up and down, it drives the guide block 4431 to move vertically up and down along the guide hole 4434.

[0039] Two stabilizing blocks 4432 are provided, symmetrically installed at both ends of one side of the stabilizing sleeve 441. The two ends of the stabilizing rod 4433 are respectively installed between the two stabilizing blocks 4432, and a stabilizing hole is provided on the guide block 4431. This stabilizing hole cooperates with the stabilizing rod 4433, allowing the guide block 4431 to slide on the stabilizing rod 4433 through the stabilizing hole. Thus, when the lifting tube 442 moves the guide block 4431 vertically up and down, the guide block 4431 moves along the stabilizing rod 4433, thereby effectively guiding and stabilizing the lifting tube 442, and preventing the lifting tube 442 from sliding out of the stabilizing sleeve 441.

[0040] Preferably, in other embodiments, two springs are sleeved on the outside of the stabilizing rod 4433, one of which has its two ends connected between the top of the upper stabilizing block 4432 and the top of the guide block 4431, and the other spring has its two ends connected between the bottom of the lower stabilizing block 4432 and the bottom of the guide block 4431. With these two springs, when the lifting tube 442 drives the guide block 4431 to rise, the guide block 4431 compresses the upper spring and pulls the lower spring. This allows the spring force to offset some of the upward inertia and prevents excessive movement. Conversely, when the lifting tube 442 drives the guide block 4431 to fall, the guide block 4431 compresses the lower spring and pulls the upper spring. This allows the spring force to buffer the downward gravity and prevent excessive movement. As a result, the frame 43 on the lifting tube 442 and the trenching and fertilizing structure 3 move more smoothly and without jamming during the lifting process. At the same time, it can reduce the shaking when the guide block 4431 and the stabilizing rod 4433 slide together, thereby improving the movement accuracy.

[0041] Please provide a more detailed explanation, see reference. Figure 6 and Figure 7In this embodiment, the trenching and fertilizing structure 3 includes a gear shifting arm 31, a depth adjustment cylinder 33, a transmission drive device 34, a gear shifting device 35, a gearbox 36, a disc cutter 37, and a fertilizer hopper 38. The gear shifting arm 31 is rotatably mounted on one side of the frame 43 via a transmission shaft 32. One end of the depth adjustment cylinder 33 is hinged to the bottom of one side of the frame 43, and the piston rod of the depth adjustment cylinder 33 is hinged to the bottom of the gear shifting arm 31. The depth adjustment cylinder 33 is also connected to the hydraulic drive structure 2.

[0042] Meanwhile, the transmission drive device 34 is installed inside the gear shift adjustment arm 31; the gear shift adjustment device 35 is installed on the top of the gear shift adjustment arm 31, and the gear shift adjustment device 35 cooperates with the transmission drive device 34 to effectively adjust the transmission speed of the transmission drive device 34; the gearbox 36 is installed on the side of the gear shift adjustment arm 31 away from the frame 43, and the gearbox 36 cooperates with the transmission drive device 34 to drive the gear set inside the gearbox 36 to rotate; two disc cutters 37 are provided, and the two disc cutters 37 are obliquely and symmetrically installed on both sides of the output end of the gearbox 36, so that the gearbox 36 can drive the two disc cutters 37 to rotate, thereby achieving the effect of trenching operation; and the fertilizer hopper 38 is installed on the top of the gearbox 36. The fertilizer hopper 38 contains fertilizer, and the output end of the fertilizer hopper 38 extends to the top of the two disc cutters 37 to deliver the fertilizer into the excavated trench, thereby completing the trenching and fertilization operation.

[0043] The structure of the transmission drive device 34 and the gear adjustment device 35 is described in detail below: Specifically, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, the transmission drive device 34 includes a transmission motor 341 installed on the outside of the gear shift adjustment arm 31. The output end of the transmission motor 341 is connected to one end of the first transmission shaft 32, and the transmission motor 341 is connected to the hydraulic drive structure 2. A transmission main gear 342 is installed on the first transmission shaft 32. A gear shift adjustment rod 343 and a second transmission shaft 344 are rotatably installed in the gear shift adjustment arm 31. A transmission driven gear 345 is installed on the gear shift adjustment rod 343. The transmission driven gear 345 meshes with the transmission main gear 342. A double gear sleeve 346 that cooperates with the gear shift adjustment device 35 is slidably installed on the gear shift adjustment rod 343. The double gear sleeve 346 consists of a sleeve that is slidably sleeved on the outside of the gear shift adjustment rod 343 and gears installed on the outside of both ends of the sleeve. The diameters of the two gears are different.

[0044] Meanwhile, a driven gear 347 and two output gears 348 are mounted on the second drive shaft 344. An input shaft and an input gear are rotatably mounted on the input end of the gearbox 36. The input gear meshes with the driven gear 347, causing the driven gear 347 to drive the gear set inside the gearbox 36 to rotate. The two output gears 348 are located on either side of the driven gear 347. Under the adjustment of the gear adjustment device 35, the two output gears 348 mesh with the gears on the double gear sleeve 346. The two output gears 348 have different diameters; that is, under the adjustment of the gear adjustment device 35, the smaller diameter gear on the double gear sleeve 346 meshes with the larger diameter output gear 348, and vice versa. This achieves the effect of power transmission by adjusting the transmission speed.

[0045] When the drive motor 341 is started, the output end of the drive motor 341 drives the drive shaft 32 to rotate. The drive shaft 32 then drives the main drive gear 342 to rotate. Since the main drive gear 342 meshes with the driven gear 345, the main drive gear 342 drives the gear adjustment lever 343 on the driven gear 345 to rotate. The gear adjustment lever 343 then drives the double gear sleeve 346 to rotate. Then, under the action of the gear adjustment device 35, one of the two gear output gears 348 meshes with one of the gears in the double gear sleeve 346. This causes the double gear sleeve 346 to drive the drive shaft 344 to rotate. The drive shaft 344 then drives the driven gear 347 to rotate. This causes the driven gear 347 to drive the gear set in the gearbox 36 to rotate, thus achieving the transmission drive effect of the gearbox 36. In turn, the gearbox 36 drives the disc cutter 37 to perform rotary trenching operations.

[0046] Specifically, refer to Figures 7-10 In this embodiment, the gear adjustment device 35 includes an adjustment seat 351 mounted on the top of the gear adjustment box arm 31, an adjustment shaft 352 rotatably mounted on the adjustment seat 351, an adjustment cross arm 353 mounted on the bottom of the adjustment shaft 352, and an adjustment block 3531 provided at the bottom of the end of the adjustment cross arm 353 away from the adjustment shaft 352. The adjustment block 3531 extends to the outside of the double gear sleeve 346, that is, the adjustment block 3531 is specifically located between the two gears on the outside of both ends of the sleeve.

[0047] Meanwhile, an adjusting sleeve 354 is installed on the top of the adjusting shaft 352, and an adjusting sleeve 355 is installed on the top of the adjusting sleeve 354. An adjusting rod 356 is slidably installed inside the adjusting sleeve 355. An adjusting stop 3561 is installed at one end of the adjusting rod 356 to extend out of the front end of the adjusting sleeve 355, and an adjusting handle 3562 is installed at the other end of the adjusting sleeve 355. A stop block 3551 is also installed at the end of the adjusting sleeve 355. A stop hole is provided to cooperate with the adjusting sleeve rod 356, so that the adjusting sleeve rod 356 passes through the stop block 3551 along the stop hole, and an adjusting spring 357 is connected between the adjusting stop head 3561 and the stop block 3551. The adjusting spring 357 is sleeved on the outside of the adjusting sleeve rod 356. An adjusting baffle 358 is installed on the adjusting seat 351. The adjusting baffle 358 has an overall arc-shaped structure and multiple adjusting position holes 381 are provided on the adjusting baffle 358. The adjusting position holes 381 cooperate with the adjusting stop head 3561.

[0048] When gear adjustment is required, pulling the adjustment handle 3562 backward causes the adjustment stop 3561 to retract into the adjustment sleeve 355, simultaneously compressing the adjustment spring 357 and causing it to contract. Then, the adjustment handle 3562 swings the adjustment rod 356, causing the adjustment sleeve 355 to rotate under the action of the adjustment sleeve bracket 354. The adjustment shaft 352 then causes the adjustment block 3531 on the adjustment cross arm 353 to swing, thereby moving the double gear sleeve 346 left and right along the gear adjustment rod 343. This allows the double gear sleeve 346 to mesh with one of the two gear output gears 348. When the adjustment handle 3562 is released, the adjustment stop 3561 extends into the corresponding gear adjustment hole 381 under the elastic return action of the adjustment spring 357. Thus, under the drive of the transmission motor 341, the gear adjustment effect is achieved.

[0049] At the same time, refer to Figure 4 In this embodiment, two hinge seats 444 are provided, and the two hinge seats 444 are symmetrically installed on the top of the sliding plate 41; two lifting cylinders 445 are provided, and the bottoms of the two lifting cylinders 445 are respectively hinged to the two hinge seats 444 by universal ball joints; two hinge sleeves 446 are provided, and the two hinge sleeves 446 are respectively installed on the piston rods of the two lifting cylinders 445; two hinge frames 447 are provided, and the two hinge frames 447 are symmetrically installed on the bottom of the frame 43; two hinge shafts are provided, and the two hinge shafts are respectively installed inside the two hinge frames 447, and the two hinge sleeves 446 are respectively sleeved on the outside of the two hinge shafts.

[0050] When the two lifting cylinders 445 are activated, the piston rods of the two lifting cylinders 445 drive the hinged sleeve 446 to move up and down. Since the hinged frame 447 slides and engages with the hinged sleeve 446 through the hinge shaft, it can drive the frame 43 to move up and down, thereby effectively adjusting the vertical height of the trenching and fertilizing structure 3 to excavate trenches of different depths.

[0051] Better, refer to Figure 5 In this embodiment, a stabilizing mechanism 49 is provided between the two stabilizing sleeves 441 and the two lifting pipes 442. Through the setting of the stabilizing mechanism 49, not only can the frame 43 be driven to move up and down, but also, under heavy load conditions, it can work in conjunction with the lifting cylinder 445 to achieve dual drive combined force output, thereby improving the maximum load-bearing capacity and thus driving the trenching and fertilizing structure 3 to move up and down more smoothly; it can also improve the load-bearing capacity of the lifting pipe 442, thereby achieving the effect of stabilizing the components on the frame 43.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment, the stabilizing mechanism 49 includes a stabilizing housing 491, stabilizing gears 492, a driving assembly 493, and a stabilizing rack 494. The stabilizing housing 491 is installed between two stabilizing sleeves 441, and its bottom is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding plate 41. Two stabilizing gears 492 are provided, and both gears 492 are rotatably mounted on both sides of the stabilizing housing 491 via the driving assembly 493, allowing the driving assembly 493 to simultaneously drive both gears 492 to rotate.

[0053] More specifically, refer to Figure 5 In this embodiment, the drive assembly 493 includes a drive shaft 4931, a driven bevel gear 4932, a drive motor 4933, and a driving bevel gear 4934. The drive shaft 4931 is rotatably mounted inside the stabilizing housing 491, with both ends extending out of the sides of the stabilizing housing 491. Two stabilizing gears 492 are respectively mounted at both ends of the drive shaft 4931. The driven bevel gear 4932 is mounted on the outer side of the drive shaft 4931 and is located inside the stabilizing housing 491. The drive motor 4933 is mounted on one side of the stabilizing housing 491, and its output end extends into the interior of the stabilizing housing 491. The driving bevel gear 4934 is mounted on the output end of the drive motor 4933, and it meshes with the driven bevel gear 4932.

[0054] When the drive motor 4933 is started, the output end of the drive motor 4933 drives the driving bevel gear 4934 to rotate. Since the driving bevel gear 4934 and the driven bevel gear 4932 mesh with each other, the driving bevel gear 4934 drives the driven bevel gear 4932 to rotate, and the driven bevel gear 4932 drives the drive shaft 4931 to rotate, so that the drive shaft 4931 simultaneously drives the two stationary gears 492 to rotate.

[0055] At the same time, refer to Figure 5 In this embodiment, two stabilizing racks 494 are provided. The two stabilizing racks 494 are respectively installed on one side of the two lifting pipes 442, and rack sliding holes 495 are opened on the outer side of the two stabilizing sleeves 441. The rack sliding holes 495 and the stabilizing racks 494 cooperate with each other, so that the stabilizing racks 494 extend out of the outer side of the stabilizing sleeves 441 along the rack sliding holes 495. At the same time, the two stabilizing racks 494 mesh with the two stabilizing gears 492 respectively. When the two stabilizing gears 492 rotate simultaneously, they can drive the two stabilizing racks 494 to move up and down along the rack sliding holes 495, thereby driving the two lifting pipes 442 to move up and down in the two stabilizing sleeves 441 respectively, thereby realizing the simultaneous up and down movement of the frame 43 and the trenching and fertilizing structure 3.

[0056] To explain in detail, the drive motor 4933 and the lifting cylinder 445 are respectively connected to the hydraulic drive structure 2, so that the hydraulic drive structure 2 provides hydraulic power to the drive motor 4933 and the lifting cylinder 445; and the lifting speed of the lifting pipe 442 driven by the drive motor 4933 is the same as the lifting speed of the frame 43 driven by the lifting cylinder 445. Only when the drive motor 4933 and the lifting cylinder 445 are started at the same time can the lifting pipe 442 and the frame 43 be driven to move up and down at the same speed.

[0057] In addition, refer to Figure 4In this embodiment, the swing block 45 is installed on the side of the frame 43 away from the trench fertilization structure 3; the arc-shaped rack 46 is fixedly installed on the side of the swing block 45 away from the frame 43; the gear column 47 is rotatably installed on the top of the support base 4 through the linkage device 48. The gear column 47 and the arc-shaped rack 46 mesh with each other, and the input end of the linkage device 48 cooperates with the output end of the hydraulic drive structure 2, so that the hydraulic drive structure 2 provides power to the linkage device 48, thereby causing the output end of the linkage device 48 to drive the gear column 47 to rotate. Then, under the action of the gear column 47 and the arc-shaped rack 46 meshing with each other and under the sliding action of the sliding limit device 42, the trench fertilization structure 3 on the frame 43 is driven to swing left and right, so that continuous fertilization trenches can be dug without adjusting the direction of the equipment. This solves the problem that trench fertilization machines in related technologies are mostly limited to straight trenching operations, can only dig a single straight trench, and need to frequently adjust the direction of the equipment when trenching in a straight line. This improves the efficiency of trenching operations and the accuracy of fertilization.

[0058] To elaborate, the equipment of this application can drive the trenching and fertilization structure 3 to excavate irregular trenches such as annular trenches, radial trenches, and arc-shaped trenches. Simultaneously, when the gear column 47 and the arc-shaped rack 46 are stationary, the frame 43 moves up and down under the dual drive of the drive motor 4933 and the lifting cylinder 445. At this time, the frame 43 can drive the arc-shaped rack 46 on the swing block 45 to move up and down on the gear column 47.

[0059] More specifically, refer to Figure 11 In this embodiment, the linkage device 48 includes a linkage rod 481, a first linkage bevel gear 482, a linkage seat 483, a linkage shaft 484, a second linkage bevel gear 485, an input pulley 486, an output pulley, and a belt. The linkage rod 481 is rotatably mounted on the top of the support base 4, and the gear post 47 is mounted on the top of the linkage rod 481. The first linkage bevel gear 482 is mounted on the linkage rod 481. The linkage seat 483 is mounted on the top of the support base 4. The linkage shaft 484 is rotatably mounted on the linkage seat 483. The second linkage bevel gear 485 is mounted at one end of the linkage shaft 484, and the second linkage bevel gear 485 meshes with the first linkage bevel gear 482. The input pulley 486 is mounted at the end of the linkage shaft 484 away from the second linkage bevel gear 485. The output pulley is mounted at the output end of the hydraulic drive structure 2. The belt is wound between the output pulley and the input pulley 486.

[0060] When the hydraulic drive structure 2 is started, it drives the output pulley to rotate. Then, under the action of the belt, it drives the input pulley 486 to rotate. The input pulley 486 drives the second linkage bevel gear 485 to rotate through the linkage shaft 484. Since the second linkage bevel gear 485 meshes with the first linkage bevel gear 482, the second linkage bevel gear 485 drives the first linkage bevel gear 482 to rotate, thereby causing the linkage rod 481 to drive the gear column 47 to rotate. The gear column 47 drives the swing block 45 and the arc rack 46 to swing, thereby realizing the swing of the trenching and fertilizing structure 3 on the frame 43, so as to excavate continuous and attached annular trenches, radial trenches, or irregular fertilizing trenches such as arcs.

[0061] Better, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 11 In this embodiment, contact sensors 426 are installed on both ends of the sliding groove 424. The two contact sensors 426 cooperate with the sliding block 421 respectively, and the two contact sensors 426 are also connected to the hydraulic drive structure 2. When the contact sensor 426 abuts against the sliding block 421, the contact sensor 426 transmits a contact signal to the hydraulic drive structure 2. Then, the hydraulic drive structure 2 controls the linkage device 48 to stop, so that the gear column 47 stops driving the arc rack 46 on the swing block 45 to continue rotating, thereby stopping the ditching and fertilizing structure 3 from swinging. This can prevent the ditching and fertilizing structure 3 from swinging excessively.

[0062] Meanwhile, touch plates 471 are installed at both ends of the gear column 47, and contact sensors 461 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the arc-shaped rack 46. These contact sensors 461 cooperate with the two touch plates 471 respectively, and are connected to the lifting cylinder 445 and the drive motor 4933 respectively. When the contact sensor 461 abuts against the touch plate 471, the contact sensor 461 sends a contact signal to the hydraulic drive structure 2. The hydraulic drive structure 2 then controls the lifting cylinder 445 and the drive motor 4933 to stop, so that the lifting cylinder 445 and the drive motor 4933 stop driving the arc-shaped rack 46 on the swing block 45 to continue to move up and down along the gear column 47, thereby stopping the ditching and fertilizing structure 3 from adjusting up and down. This prevents the arc-shaped rack 46 from detaching from the gear column 47.

[0063] On the other hand, the trenching and fertilization method of the tracked self-propelled intelligent trenching variable fertilizer applicator provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A method for ditching and fertilizing a tracked self-propelled intelligent ditching and variable displacement fertilizer applicator includes the following steps: S1. When performing trenching and fertilization operations, the tracked walking structure 1 moves the equipment to the designated location where trenching and fertilization are required. The hydraulic drive structure 2 controls the start of the transmission drive device 34, which transmits power to the disc cutter 37 via the gearbox 36, causing the trenching disc cutter 37 to rotate. Then, under the adjustment of the depth adjustment cylinder 33, the disc cutter 37 performs trenching operations. At the same time, the fertilizer hopper transports fertilizer into the trench, thus completing the trenching and fertilization process. S2. When it is necessary to excavate a trench for continuous bonding materials, the output pulley is driven to rotate by the hydraulic drive structure 2. Under the action of the belt, the input pulley 486 is driven to rotate. The input pulley 486 then drives the second linkage bevel gear 485 to rotate through the linkage shaft 484. The second linkage bevel gear 485 drives the linkage rod 481 to rotate through the first linkage bevel gear 482. The linkage rod 481 drives the gear column 47 to rotate. The gear column 47 drives the swing block 45 and the arc rack 46 to swing. Then, under the sliding support of the sliding limit device 42, the sliding plate 41 and the height adjustment device 44, the trenching and fertilization structure 3 on the frame 43 is swung, thereby excavating a trench for continuous bonding materials.

[0064] S3. When it is necessary to adjust the trench excavation depth, the angle of the up-and-down swing of the trenching and fertilizing structure 3 can be further adjusted by adjusting the extension of the piston rod of the depth adjustment cylinder 33, thereby completing the trenching depth adjustment process; or the lifting cylinder 445 and the drive motor 4933 can be started simultaneously by the hydraulic drive structure 2, and then the frame 43 and the trenching and fertilizing structure 3 can be adjusted up and down simultaneously under the dual drive of the drive motor 4933 and the lifting cylinder 445, thereby further adjusting the vertical angle of the up-and-down movement of the trenching and fertilizing structure 3, thereby completing the trenching depth adjustment process.

[0065] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-propelled intelligent trenching variable rate fertilizer applicator with caterpillar, comprising a caterpillar walking structure (1), a hydraulic drive structure (2) and a trenching and fertilizing structure (3), characterized in that: Also include set up on the track walking structure (1) one side on the support base (4), the support base (4) is provided with a sliding plate (41) on the sliding limiting device (42) slidingly, the sliding plate (41) is provided with a rack (43) on the height adjusting device (44), the ditching and fertilizing structure (3) is rotatably arranged on one side of the rack (43), the other side of the rack (43) is provided with a swing block (45), one side of the swing block (45) is provided with an arc-shaped rack (46), the support base (4) is rotatably provided with a gear column (47) engaged with the arc-shaped rack (46) through a linkage device (48), the input end of the linkage device (48) is matched with the output end of the hydraulic drive structure (2).

2. The self-propelled intelligent trenching variable rate fertilizer applicator of claim 1, wherein: The height adjusting device (44) comprises a stable sleeve (441) symmetrically arranged on the top of the sliding plate (41), and the bottom of the rack (43) is symmetrically provided with a lifting pipe (442). The lifting pipes (442) are respectively provided with guide assemblies (443) between the two stable sleeves (441). The top of the sliding plate (41) is symmetrically provided with a hinged seat (444), and the two hinged seats (444) are respectively hinged with a lifting oil cylinder (445). The piston rods of the two lifting oil cylinders (445) are provided with a hinged sleeve (446). The bottom of the rack (43) is symmetrically provided with a hinged frame (447), and the two hinged frames (447) are respectively provided with a hinged shaft matched with the hinged sleeve (446).

3. The self-propelled intelligent trenching variable rate fertilizer applicator of claim 2, wherein: The guide assembly (443) comprises a guide block (4431) arranged outside the lifting pipe (442), and the outside of the stable sleeve (441) is provided with a guide hole (4434) matched with the guide block (4431). The outside of the stable sleeve (441) is symmetrically provided with a stable block (4432) at both ends, and a stable rod (4433) is arranged between the two stable blocks (4432). The guide block (4431) is provided with a stable hole matched with the stable rod (4433).

4. The self-propelled intelligent trenching variable rate fertilizer applicator of claim 2, wherein: A stable mechanism (49) is arranged between the two stable sleeves (441) and the two lifting pipes (442). The stable mechanism (49) comprises a stable box (491) arranged between the two stable sleeves (441), and a stable gear (492) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the stable box (491) through a driving assembly (493). The outside of the two stable sleeves (441) is provided with a rack sliding hole (495), and the side of the two lifting pipes (442) is provided with a stable rack (494) matched with the rack sliding hole (495). The stable rack (494) is engaged with the stable gear (492).

5. The self-propelled, intelligent, variable rate trenching fertilizer applicator of claim 4, wherein: The drive assembly (493) comprises a drive shaft (4931) rotatably arranged on both sides of the stable box (491), two stable gears (492) are arranged at the two ends of the drive shaft (4931) respectively, and a driven bevel gear (4932) is further arranged on the drive shaft (4931). One side of the stable box (491) is further provided with a driving motor (4933), and the output end of the driving motor (4933) is provided with a driving bevel gear (4934) engaged with the driven bevel gear (4932).

6. The self-propelled, intelligent, variable rate trenching fertilizer applicator of claim 1, wherein: The linkage device (48) comprises a linkage rod (481) rotatably arranged on the support base (4), and the gear column (47) is arranged at the top of the linkage rod (481). The linkage rod (481) is further provided with a linkage bevel gear one (482), and the support base (4) is further provided with a linkage seat (483). The linkage seat (483) is rotatably provided with a linkage shaft (484), and the two ends of the linkage shaft (484) are respectively provided with a linkage bevel gear two (485) and an input pulley (486). The linkage bevel gear two (485) is engaged with the linkage bevel gear one (482), and the output end of the hydraulic drive structure (2) is provided with an output pulley. The output pulley and the input pulley (486) are wound with a belt.

7. The self-propelled, intelligent, variable rate trenching fertilizer applicator of claim 2, wherein: The sliding limiting device (42) comprises a sliding block (421) arranged at the bottom of the sliding plate (41), and the sliding plate (41) is provided with a sliding groove (424) matched with the sliding block (421). The two sides of the sliding block (421) are provided with limiting blocks (422), and the two sides of the sliding groove (424) are provided with limiting grooves (425) matched with the limiting blocks (422). The side of each limiting block (422) is rotatably provided with a plurality of rolling balls one (423) abutting against the groove wall of the limiting groove (425). The bottom of the sliding plate (41) is further rotatably provided with a plurality of rolling balls two (423) abutting against the surface of the support base (4).

8. The self-propelled, intelligent, variable-rate trenching fertilizer applicator of claim 7, wherein: The two end groove walls of the sliding groove (424) are provided with contact sensors one (426) matched with the sliding block (421), and the contact sensors one (426) are connected with the hydraulic drive structure (2). The two ends of the gear column (47) are provided with touch plates (471), and the two sides of the arc-shaped rack (46) are provided with a plurality of contact sensors two (461) matched with the touch plates (471). The plurality of contact sensors two (461) are respectively connected with the lifting oil cylinder (445) and the driving motor (4933).

9. The self-propelled, intelligent, trenching, variable rate fertilizer applicator of claim 1, wherein: The furrow fertilization structure (3) comprises a gear adjusting box arm (31) arranged on one side of the frame (43) through a depth adjusting oil cylinder (33), a transmission driving device (34) is arranged in the gear adjusting box arm (31) and matched with the hydraulic driving structure (2), a gear adjusting device (35) is arranged on the top of the gear adjusting box arm (31) and matched with the transmission driving device (34), a gearbox (36) is arranged on one side of the gear adjusting box arm (31) and matched with the transmission driving device (34), a disc cutter (37) is arranged at the output end of the gearbox (36), and a fertilizer hopper (38) is arranged on the top of the gearbox (36) and matched with the disc cutter (37).

10. A method of trenching and fertilizing according to the track-typed intelligent trenching and variable rate fertilizer applicator of any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, when the furrow fertilization operation is carried out, the equipment is walked to the specified position where the furrow fertilization operation is needed through the track walking structure (1), the transmission driving device (34) is started through the hydraulic driving structure (2), the power is transmitted to the disc cutter (37) through the gearbox (36) by the transmission driving device (34), so that the furrow disc cutter (37) rotates, then the disc cutter (37) performs the furrowing operation under the adjusting action of the depth adjusting oil cylinder (33), and the fertilizer hopper delivers the fertilizer into the furrow, so that the furrowing and fertilization operation process is completed; S2, when the continuous crop-attached furrow is needed to be excavated, the output pulley is driven to rotate through the hydraulic driving structure (2), the input pulley (486) is driven to rotate under the action of the belt, the input pulley (486) drives the linkage bevel gear two (485) to rotate through the linkage shaft (484), the linkage bevel gear two (485) drives the linkage rod (481) to rotate through the linkage bevel gear one (482), the linkage rod (481) drives the gear column (47) to rotate, the gear column (47) drives the swing block (45) and the arc-shaped rack (46) to swing, then the furrow fertilization structure (3) on the frame (43) is swung under the sliding support action of the sliding limiting device (42), the sliding plate (41) and the height adjusting device (44), so that the continuous crop-attached furrow can be excavated; S3, when the excavation depth of the furrow is needed to be adjusted, the angle of the furrow fertilization structure (3) swinging up and down is further adjusted through the adjustment of the piston rod elongation of the depth adjusting oil cylinder (33), so that the adjustment process of the furrowing depth is completed; or the lifting oil cylinder (445) and the driving motor (4933) are started through the hydraulic driving structure (2), then the frame (43) and the furrow fertilization structure (3) are simultaneously adjusted under the double driving action of the driving motor (4933) and the lifting oil cylinder (445), so that the vertical angle of the furrow fertilization structure (3) rising up and down can also be further adjusted, and then the adjustment process of the furrowing depth is completed.

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