Forest seedling cultivation and maintenance device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation devices, in particular to a forest seedling cultivation and maintenance device. Comprising a supporting frame, a distributing cylinder and an inserting pipe. A batching box is arranged above the support frame; the multiple rationing cylinders are fixedly connected with the supporting frame, a first pipeline communicated with the batching box is arranged above the rationing cylinders, a second pipeline in sliding connection with the insertion pipe is arranged below the rationing cylinders, and a liquid supply pipeline is arranged on one side of each rationing cylinder; the middle of the insertion pipe is bent for multiple times, an opening piece is arranged at the bent position, and a lifting piece connected with the supporting frame is arranged above the insertion pipe. By means of mechanical planting, sowing of multiple seeds can be completed at a time, the planting depth is controllable, meanwhile, nutrients are applied to the areas around the seeds, nutritional ingredients needed by growth of the seeds are guaranteed, soil covering operation is not needed, the planting technology is simplified, and the planting cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plant cultivation equipment technology, and in particular to a forest seedling cultivation and maintenance device. Background Technology

[0002] In forestry, to ensure the survival rate of trees, indoor cultivation is usually adopted during the seed planting stage. This involves planting seeds in special cultivation pots, providing the necessary nutrients for growth with nutrient solution, and then transplanting the seedlings. This method can greatly improve the survival rate. Currently, the seed planting stage of forest seedlings requires manual operation. The seeds are buried at a specified depth, supplemented with nutrient solution, and finally covered with soil. However, the manual operation is quite cumbersome, and when dealing with large-scale cultivation, it is necessary to increase the number of staff, which greatly increases the planting cost. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a seedling cultivation and maintenance device for forest trees, which can sow multiple seeds at one time through mechanized planting, and the planting depth can be controlled. At the same time, nutrients are applied to the area around the seeds, ensuring the nutrients required for seed growth, and there is no need for soil covering, which simplifies the planting process and reduces planting costs.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a seedling cultivation and maintenance device, comprising: a support frame, a dispensing cylinder, and an insertion tube; a dispensing box is provided above the support frame; multiple dispensing cylinders are fixedly connected to the support frame, and a first pipeline communicating with the dispensing box is provided above them, and a second pipeline slidably connected to the insertion tube is provided below them; a liquid supply pipeline is provided on one side of the dispensing cylinder; the insertion tube is bent multiple times in the middle, and an opening device is provided at the bend; a lifting device connected to the support frame is provided above the insertion tube.

[0005] Preferably, the connection between the mixing box and the first pipeline is provided with a circular receiving space, and the receiving space is provided with a drive shaft, and multiple feeding components are provided at equal intervals along the axial direction of the drive shaft.

[0006] Preferably, the first pipeline is provided with a first branch pipe, and a first valve is provided at the first branch pipe and connected to the main gas pipeline.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the dispensing cylinder is provided with a control motor, and the control motor is provided with a closed ring. Multiple connecting holes are provided along the circumferential direction of the closed ring. Multiple air holes are provided above the dispensing cylinder. The closed ring is rotated to a fixed angle to align the connecting holes with the air holes.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid supply pipeline is equipped with a control valve and is connected to the main liquid pipeline.

[0009] Preferably, a second valve is provided on the second pipeline.

[0010] Preferably, the lifting component includes a fixed frame and an adjusting component; the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the top of the insertion tube, and both ends of the fixed frame are respectively connected to the support frame through the adjusting component.

[0011] Preferably, the outlet of the insertion tube is provided with a temporary storage space, the temporary storage space is provided with a discharge channel communicating with the outside, and the opening component includes an electric push rod and a sealing head; the electric push rod is fixed to the bend of the insertion tube, and the end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the sealing head.

[0012] Preferably, the connection between the discharge channel and the temporary storage space is provided with an inner inclined surface, and the cross-sections above and below the sealing head are both frustum-shaped.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom end of the insertion tube is provided with a cutting edge.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Seeds are quantitatively delivered to each dispensing cylinder through the dispensing box, and a quantitative solution is introduced into the dispensing cylinder. After entering the soil depth through the insertion tube, planting is achieved at a fixed point. Multiple pots can be planted at one time, and the solution covers the area around the seeds, ensuring the nutritional needs for subsequent growth, which greatly improves planting efficiency and quality. 2. Adding a first branch pipe to the first pipeline, coupled with gas delivery, can accelerate the falling speed of seeds and assist in applying thrust to speed up the discharge of nutrient solution, thereby improving the overall planting efficiency. 3. The design of the sealing head can help to partially block the inlet of the discharge channel, preventing some soil from entering the temporary storage space when the insertion pipe enters the soil, thus improving controllability; 4. The insertion depth can be controlled by adjusting the lifting mechanism to move multiple insertion tubes downwards, making it more practical as the depth can be adjusted according to the cultivation requirements of different seeds. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure; Figure 2 This is a side view of the whole structure. Figure 3 This is a full sectional view of the support frame; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the drive shaft; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pipeline connection at the dispensing cylinder; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dispensing cylinder; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a closed-loop structure; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the entire insertion tube. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the opening mechanism; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the seed application solution preparation process; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the lifting component and the insertion tube.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Support frame; 2. Feeding cylinder; 3. Insertion tube; 4. Opening component; 5. Lifting component; 6. Main air pipe; 7. Control motor; 8. Main liquid pipe; 101. Feeding box; 102. Storage space; 103. Drive shaft; 104. Feeding component; 201. First pipeline; 202. Second pipeline; 203. Liquid supply pipeline; 204. First branch pipe; 205. First valve; 206. Air hole; 207. Control valve; 208. Second valve; 301. Temporary storage space; 302. Discharge channel; 303. Inner inclined surface; 304. Cutting edge; 401. Electric push rod; 402. Sealing head; 501. Fixing frame; 502. Adjusting component; 701. Closing ring; 702. Connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0018] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figure 1-11 As shown, a seedling cultivation and maintenance device includes: a support frame 1, a dispensing cylinder 2, and an insertion tube 3; a dispensing box 101 is welded on the top of the support frame 1 for storing seeds; multiple dispensing cylinders 2 are fixedly connected to the support frame 1 by screws, and a first pipeline 201 connected to the dispensing box 101 is provided on the top, and a second pipeline 202 slidably connected to the insertion tube 3 is provided on the bottom; a liquid supply pipeline 203 is provided on one side of the dispensing cylinder 2, and the liquid supply pipeline 203 is connected to a liquid delivery device; the insertion tube 3 is bent multiple times in the middle to form a staggered space, which facilitates the installation of the opening part 4 and can complete the sealing of the outlet of the insertion tube 3; a lifting part 5 connected to the support frame 1 is provided on the top of the insertion tube 3, and the lifting part 5 can drive multiple insertion tubes 3 to slide along the second pipeline 202 to realize that the insertion tube 3 penetrates into the soil.

[0019] Preferred embodiments, in combination Figure 1-4As shown, a circular receiving space 102 is provided at the connection between the material box 101 and the first pipeline 201. The connection between the receiving space 102 and the material box 101 has a narrow gap to achieve communication between the two and to control the number of seeds in contact. At the same time, a drive shaft 103 is provided in the receiving space 102. One end of the drive shaft 103 is connected to a motor. Multiple feeding parts 104 are provided at equal intervals along the axis of the drive shaft 103. Each feeding part 104 has four grooves. During rotation, it can drive the seeds, thereby ensuring that the number of seeds planted each time is controlled within a certain range.

[0020] Preferred embodiments, in combination Figure 5 As shown, the first pipeline 201 is provided with a first branch pipe 204, and a first valve 205 is provided at the first branch pipe 204 to control the gas distribution and connect to the main gas pipe 6. The main gas pipe 6 is connected to the air pump, which can realize the delivery of pressurized gas. After the seeds fall, it can accelerate the seeds to enter the dispensing cylinder 2. In the subsequent seed and nutrient solution discharge process, since the inside of the dispensing cylinder 2 and the insertion pipe 3 are relatively closed, the gas pressure can be used to push the internal liquid out, speed up the discharge process, improve planting efficiency, and use nutrient solution to transport seeds, which can avoid blockage and ensure stable seed discharge.

[0021] Preferred embodiments, in combination Figure 5-7 As shown, a control motor 7 is provided at the top of the dispensing cylinder 2, and a closed ring 701 is provided on the control motor 7. The outer diameter of the closed ring 701 is the same as the inner diameter of the dispensing cylinder 2. Multiple connecting holes 702 are provided along the circumference of the closed ring 701. Multiple air holes 206 are provided above the dispensing cylinder 2. The size of the air holes 206 is the same as that of the connecting holes 702. At the same time, the closed ring 701 is arranged at the height of the air holes 206. When the closed ring 701 rotates to a fixed angle to align the connecting holes 702 with the air holes 206, it can perform venting. That is, when the seeds fall from the first pipe 201, the connecting holes 702 and the air holes 206 are aligned and connected to the external environment, which can perform venting. When drainage is required for planting, the control motor 7 drives the closed ring 701 to rotate a certain angle to achieve misalignment, thereby forming a closed space inside. Under the push of the airflow, the internal air pressure increases, which can help push the nutrient solution and seeds out, thereby improving planting efficiency.

[0022] Preferred embodiments, in combination Figure 5As shown, a control valve 207 is provided on the liquid supply pipeline 203 to control the liquid supply and is connected to the main liquid pipeline 8. The main liquid pipeline 8 is connected to the infusion device, which adopts the structure of a liquid supply pump and a liquid storage tank to realize the delivery and storage of nutrient solution. A second valve 208 is provided on the second pipeline 202 to control the discharge of the whole after the nutrient solution reaches the specified amount. A liquid level sensor is added inside the dispensing cylinder 2 to assist the volume calculation formula to determine the amount of nutrient solution used.

[0023] Preferred embodiments, in combination Figure 11 As shown, the lifting component 5 includes a fixed frame 501 and an adjusting component 502. The fixed frame 501 is fixedly connected to the top of the insertion tube 3. Both ends of the fixed frame 501 are connected to the support frame 1 through the adjusting component 502. The adjusting component 502 adopts an electric push rod structure or a hydraulic cylinder. The fixed frame 501 is raised and lowered through the adjusting component 502 to complete the insertion tube 3 to penetrate into the soil and adjust its height.

[0024] Preferred embodiments, in combination Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, a temporary storage space 301 is provided at the outlet of the insertion tube 3. The temporary storage space 301 is provided with a discharge channel 302 that communicates with the outside. The size of the temporary storage space 301 can be appropriately increased and the length of the discharge channel 302 can be reduced. The opening component 4 includes an electric push rod 401 and a sealing head 402. The electric push rod 401 is fixed at the bend of the insertion tube 3. The end of the electric push rod 401 is fixedly connected to the sealing head 402. After sealing, external debris can be prevented from entering the interior of the temporary storage space 301.

[0025] Preferred embodiments, in combination Figure 8 As shown, the connection between the discharge channel 302 and the temporary storage space 301 is provided with an inner inclined surface 303 to avoid residue. At the same time, the cross-sections above and below the sealing head 402 are both frustum-shaped to improve the sealing effect. In order to further improve the sealing quality, a rubber layer can be added to the end of the sealing head 402. By utilizing the elasticity of the material, the sealing effect can be improved after compression.

[0026] Preferred embodiments, in combination Figure 8 As shown, the bottom end of the insertion tube 3 is provided with a cutting edge 304, which facilitates insertion into the soil and reduces resistance.

[0027] Working principle: Soil is filled into the planting pots, and each planting pot is placed under each insertion tube 3. The drive shaft 103 of the feeding box 101 rotates at a certain angle to realize the feeding of seeds. Under the airflow, the seeds are accelerated into the inside of the feeding cylinder 2. At the same time, the liquid supply pipeline 203 is opened to deliver a quantitative amount of nutrient solution into the feeding cylinder 2. During the delivery process, the lifting component 5 drives the insertion tube 3 to penetrate into the designated depth area of ​​the soil. After the nutrient solution reaches the specified requirements, the second valve 208 is opened. With the help of air pressure delivery, the nutrients carrying the seeds are quickly discharged into the soil to realize the planting operation. This device can complete the planting of multiple planting pots at one time and simultaneously complete the application of nutrient solution, which greatly improves the work efficiency and simplifies the traditional planting process. There is no need for secondary soil covering or digging holes, and the holes created by the insertion tube can be closed under the action of watering.

[0028] Comparative experimental example: Pinus tabuliformis, widely used for ecological afforestation in northern my country, was selected as the experimental subject. The thousand-seed weight of this tree species is approximately 45–55 g, with an optimal sowing depth of 1.0–1.5 cm. Germination requires light and a humid environment; excessive soil covering or exposure to light should be avoided. The experiment was conducted in a standard greenhouse (day / night temperature 25℃ / 18℃, humidity 70%), using a peat:vermiculite ratio of 3:1 (pH 5.8) as the substrate. Each treatment contained 500 seedlings (10 trays of 50 cells each), and operational efficiency and seedling quality were recorded.

[0029] (1) Traditional artificial planting techniques (control group) Operating procedure: Workers use bamboo sticks to dig small holes about 1.5cm deep in each hole; 2-3 seeds are placed in the hole by hand; covered with 0.3-0.5cm of vermiculite (simulating forest humus); and sprayed with water to keep the soil moist. Actual test data: Using a two-person collaborative operation, 500 holes were completed in 82 minutes. Depth deviation was significant, and a sample of 50 holes was taken, with a depth range of 0.6–2.3 cm and a standard deviation of ±0.52 cm. 18% of the holes were covered with soil >1.8 cm (inhibiting seedling emergence), and 9% were covered with soil <0.2 cm (seeds exposed). Seed usage: an average of 2.6 seeds per hole, totaling 1,300 seeds. Based on observation of seedling emergence (statistics on day 20): the emergence rate was 71.2% (meeting the LY / T1000 standard: qualified seedling emergence rate of Pinus tabuliformis container seedlings ≥70%). Emergence time was approximately from day 8 to day 19 (12 days in total), with poor uniformity. Later, there was a seedling shortage problem, with a shortage rate of 12%, requiring reseeding. The labor cost was 41 yuan per 500 holes.

[0030] The device of this invention (experimental group) Operating procedure: After the seed tray is positioned, start the device; the seeds in the feeding box 101 are fed to the feeding cylinder 2 by the feeding component 104 driven by the drive shaft 103. 1.8mL of nutrient solution (containing 0.1% water-retaining agent + low concentration NPK) is injected into the liquid supply pipeline (203). The lifting component 5 drives the insertion tube 3 to move down and insert into the soil. The opening component 4 is opened, and the mixture of seeds and nutrient solution is discharged into the soil, naturally forming a thin liquid film covering it. No additional soil covering is required. The water-retaining agent (such as sodium polyacrylate) in the nutrient solution forms a transparent gel film on the surface, which is both moisturizing and light-transmitting, replacing the traditional soil covering and meeting the "light requirement" of pine seeds.

[0031] Actual measurement data: The entire process can be operated by one person, completing 500 sowing holes in 19 minutes. The insertion depth is consistently between 1.25 and 1.35 cm with a standard deviation of ±0.08 cm, with no exposed or deeply buried plants. The seed quantity is controlled at 2 seeds per hole, with a total of 1,000 seeds used, saving 23.1% of the cost. The germination rate is approximately 84.6%, a significant improvement. The germination time is approximately 9 to 16 days (8 days in total), with significantly improved uniformity and virtually no missing seedlings, eliminating the need for reseeding. The substrate surface remains intact. The overall cost is approximately 9.5 yuan for labor + 2.5 yuan for energy = 12 yuan per 500 holes, a reduction of 70.7%.

[0032] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A seedling cultivation and maintenance device, characterized in that, include: The support frame (1), the dispensing cylinder (2) and the insertion tube (3) are provided; a dispensing box (101) is provided above the support frame (1); multiple dispensing cylinders (2) are fixedly connected to the support frame (1), and a first pipeline (201) communicating with the dispensing box (101) is provided above, and a second pipeline (202) slidably connected with the insertion tube (3) is provided below; a liquid supply pipeline (203) is provided on one side of the dispensing cylinder (2); the insertion tube (3) is bent multiple times in the middle, and an opening part (4) is provided at the bend; a lifting part (5) connected to the support frame (1) is provided above the insertion tube (3).

2. The seedling cultivation and maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed box (101) is connected to the first pipeline (201) with a circular receiving space (102), and the receiving space (102) is provided with a drive shaft (103), and a plurality of feeders (104) are provided at equal intervals along the axial direction of the drive shaft (103).

3. The seedling cultivation and maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pipeline (201) is provided with a first branch pipe (204), and a first valve (205) is provided at the first branch pipe (204) and connected to the main gas pipe (6).

4. The seedling cultivation and maintenance device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the dispensing cylinder (2) is provided with a control motor (7), and the control motor (7) is provided with a closed ring (701). Multiple connecting holes (702) are provided along the circumferential direction of the closed ring (701). Multiple air holes (206) are provided above the dispensing cylinder (2). The closed ring (701) is rotated to a fixed angle to align the connecting holes (702) with the air holes (206).

5. The seedling cultivation and maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid supply pipeline (203) is equipped with a control valve (207) and is connected to the main liquid pipeline (8).

6. The seedling cultivation and maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second pipeline (202) is equipped with a second valve (208).

7. The seedling cultivation and maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting component (5) includes a fixed frame (501) and an adjusting component (502); the fixed frame (501) is fixedly connected to the top of the insertion tube (3), and the two ends of the fixed frame (501) are respectively connected to the support frame (1) through the adjusting component (502).

8. The seedling cultivation and maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insertion tube (3) has a temporary storage space (301) at its outlet, and the temporary storage space (301) has a discharge channel (302) that communicates with the outside. The opening component (4) includes an electric push rod (401) and a sealing head (402). The electric push rod (401) is fixed at the bend of the insertion tube (3), and the end of the electric push rod (401) is fixedly connected to the sealing head (402).

9. The seedling cultivation and maintenance device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connection between the discharge channel (302) and the temporary storage space (301) is provided with an inner inclined surface (303), and the cross-sections above and below the sealing head (402) are both frustum-shaped.

10. The seedling cultivation and maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the insertion tube (3) is provided with a cutting edge (304).

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