Power management device and power conversion method
By shutting down the buck and boost circuits after system startup and maintaining power supply using an O-ring diode circuit, the problem of high power consumption during standby is solved, achieving a low-power design that meets energy efficiency specifications.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-14
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, buck converters and boost converters have high overall power consumption in standby mode, which cannot meet the power consumption requirements of standards such as the EU Energy Efficiency Directive.
The system employs a buck circuit, a boost circuit, a first O-ring diode circuit, and a second O-ring diode circuit. These circuits shut down the buck circuit and the boost circuit after a predetermined delay following system startup, thereby reducing standby power consumption.
It effectively reduces the overall power consumption during standby, meeting the power consumption requirements of the EU Energy Efficiency Directive.
Smart Images
Figure CN121863802A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a power supply and power conversion technology, and more particularly to a power management device and a power conversion method. Background Technology
[0002] Electronic devices can obtain the power they need from a power supply device or store this power in an energy storage device (such as a battery). Current consumer electronic devices often use a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface as their power source; therefore, the USB interfaces of these consumer electronic devices comply with the USB Power Delivery (PD) charging protocol.
[0003] Due to technological advancements, energy efficiency regulations have become more stringent regarding the overall power consumption of consumer electronic devices during standby or shutdown. For example, Lot 6 SPEC of the EU Energy Efficiency Directive stipulates that electrical equipment must consume less than 237mW when powered off. However, if buck converters and boost converters are used to implement power conversion devices, these converters have higher overall power consumption during standby, which may prevent them from meeting the aforementioned energy efficiency regulations. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention relates to a power management device and a power conversion method, which can reduce overall power consumption during standby.
[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a power management device includes a buck circuit, a boost circuit, a first O-ring diode circuit, and a second O-ring diode circuit. The buck circuit is coupled to an input power supply. The buck circuit is used to adjust the input voltage provided by the input power supply to a first voltage, wherein an embedded controller is started and powered based on the first voltage. The boost circuit is coupled to the buck circuit. The boost circuit is used to obtain the first voltage and adjust the first voltage to a second voltage. The first O-ring diode circuit is coupled to the buck circuit, a first alternative power path, and the embedded controller. The second O-ring diode circuit is coupled to the boost circuit, a second alternative power path, and a system device. The system device is started and powered based on the second voltage, and the started system device provides a first alternative power supply on the first alternative power path and a second alternative power supply on the second alternative power path. After the system device is started, the first O-ring diode circuit supplies the first alternative power supply to the embedded controller, the second O-ring diode circuit supplies the second alternative power supply to the system device, and the buck circuit and the boost circuit are turned off after the system device is started and a predetermined delay time has elapsed.
[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the power conversion method is applicable to a power management device including a buck circuit and a boost circuit. The method includes: adjusting an input voltage provided by an input power source to a first voltage via the buck circuit, wherein an embedded controller is started and powered based on the first voltage; adjusting the first voltage to a second voltage via the boost circuit, wherein a system device is started and powered based on the second voltage, the started system device providing a first alternative power source and a second alternative power source; and, after the system device is started, supplying the first alternative power source to the embedded controller via a first O-ring diode circuit, supplying the second alternative power source to the system device via a second O-ring diode circuit, and the buck circuit and the boost circuit are turned off after the system device is started and a predetermined delay time has elapsed.
[0007] Based on the above, the power management device and power conversion method described in this embodiment of the invention power on the embedded controller and system device via a buck circuit and a boost circuit when the electronic system starts up. After startup, the system device generates a substitute power supply through a corresponding component (e.g., a charging chip in a substitute power supply device), which then maintains the power supply to the buck circuit and boost circuit through two O-ring diode circuits. Furthermore, after the embedded controller and system device have finished starting up and are operating normally, the buck circuit and boost circuit are shut down after a predetermined delay time to save power consumption in the buck circuit and boost circuit. Attached Figure Description
[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a power management device and system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0009] Figure 2 This is a detailed schematic diagram of a power management device and system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0010] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of each voltage;
[0011] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a power conversion method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0012] Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same component reference numerals are used in the drawings and description to denote the same or similar parts.
[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a power management device 100 and a system device 160 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The power management device 100 of this embodiment is disposed in an electronic system (e.g., a consumer electronic device, a smartphone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, etc.). The power management device 100 is used to start and supply power to the embedded controller 150 and the system device 160.
[0014] The power management device 100 includes a buck circuit 110, a boost circuit 120, a first O-ring diode circuit 130, and a second O-ring diode circuit 140. The buck circuit 110 is coupled to the input power supply. The buck circuit 110 adjusts the input voltage Vin provided by the input power supply to a first voltage V1. The power management device 100 of this embodiment conforms to the Universal Serial Bus (USB) Power Delivery (PD) 3.1 charging protocol, therefore the input voltage Vin ranges from 5V to 48V. The embedded controller 150 obtains the first voltage V1 through the first O-ring diode circuit 130 to start up and be powered based on the first voltage V1. The first voltage V1 value in this embodiment is, for example, 3V.
[0015] The boost circuit 120 is coupled to the buck circuit 110. In this embodiment, the boost circuit 120 is coupled to the buck circuit 110 through a first O-ring diode circuit 130. The buck circuit 110 provides a first voltage V1 to the boost circuit 120 through the first O-ring diode circuit 130. In other embodiments, the boost circuit 120 may also be directly coupled to the buck circuit 110 and obtain the first voltage V1 from the buck circuit 110.
[0016] The boost circuit 120 obtains a first voltage V1 and adjusts it to a second voltage V2. In this embodiment, the second voltage V2 is, for example, 5V. A first O-ring diode circuit 130 is coupled to the buck circuit 110, the boost circuit 120, the first alternative power path ALTP1, and the embedded controller 150. A second O-ring diode circuit 140 is coupled to the boost circuit 120, the second alternative power path ALTP2, and the system device 160.
[0017] System device 160 is started and powered based on the second voltage V2. The started system device 160 provides a first alternative power supply VA1 on the first alternative power path ALTP1 and a second alternative power supply VA2 on the second alternative power path ALTP2.
[0018] After the system device 160 is started, the first O-ring diode circuit 130 simultaneously receives a first voltage V1 and a first alternative power supply VA1, and the second O-ring diode circuit 140 simultaneously receives a second voltage V2 and a second alternative power supply VA2. In this embodiment, the O-ring diode circuit can be composed of two independent diodes. The anodes of these two diodes serve as the two input terminals of the O-ring diode circuit, allowing them to independently receive two different sets of input power supplies. The cathodes of the two diodes serve as the output terminals of the O-ring diode circuit and are connected in parallel. Based on the forward conduction characteristic of diodes, the voltage with the largest value among the two sets of input power supplies received by the two anode input terminals is used to power the cathode output terminal of the O-ring diode circuit. Therefore, after the system device 160 is started, the first O-ring diode circuit 130 supplies the first alternative power supply VA1 to the embedded controller 150, and the second O-ring diode circuit 140 supplies the second alternative power supply VA2 to the system device 160. In addition, the buck circuit 110 and the boost circuit 120 will be shut down at a point in time after the system device 160 is started and a predetermined delay time has elapsed.
[0019] Figure 2 This is a detailed schematic diagram of a power management device 100 and a system device 160 according to an embodiment of the present invention. A first O-ring diode circuit 130 includes diodes D1 and D2. The anode of diode D1 is coupled to a step-down circuit 110 as a first input terminal IN11 of the first O-ring diode circuit 130. The anode of diode D2 is coupled to one end of a first alternative power path ALTP1 as a second input terminal IN12 of the first O-ring diode circuit 130. The cathode of diode D1 is coupled to the cathode of diode D2 and serves as an output terminal OUP1 of the first O-ring diode circuit 130.
[0020] When the buck circuit 110 provides a first voltage V1 to the first input terminal IN11 of the first O-ring diode circuit 130, the first O-ring diode circuit 130 supplies power to the embedded controller 150 based on the first voltage V1 and through diode D1. When the first alternative power supply VA1 is provided to the second input terminal IN12 of the first O-ring diode circuit 130 through the first alternative power supply path ALTP1, the first O-ring diode circuit 130 supplies power to the embedded controller 150 based on the greater of the first voltage V1 and the first alternative power supply VA1.
[0021] The second O-ring diode circuit 140 includes diodes D3 and D4. The anode of diode D3 is coupled to boost circuit 120 as the first input terminal IN21 of the second O-ring diode circuit 140. The anode of diode D4 is coupled to one end of the second alternative power supply path ALTP2 as the second input terminal IN22 of the second O-ring diode circuit 140. The cathode of diode D3 is coupled to the cathode of diode D4 and serves as the output terminal OUP2 of the second O-ring diode circuit 140.
[0022] When the boost circuit 120 provides the second voltage V2 to the first input terminal IN21 of the second O-ring diode circuit 140, the second O-ring diode circuit 140 is activated and supplies power to the system device 160 based on the second voltage V2 and through diode D3. When the second alternative power supply VA2 is provided to the second input terminal IN22 of the second O-ring diode circuit 140 through the second alternative power supply path ALTP2, the second O-ring diode circuit 140 supplies power to the system device 160 based on the greater of the second voltage V2 and the second alternative power supply VA2.
[0023] Figure 2 System device 160 includes a power delivery (PD) controller 162, a power input path switch 168, and an alternative power supply device 163. The power delivery controller 162 is coupled to the output terminal OUP2 of a second O-ring diode circuit 140. The power delivery controller 162 obtains a second voltage V2 through the second O-ring diode circuit 140 and is activated and powered based on the second voltage V2. The power input path switch 168 is coupled to and controlled by the power delivery controller 162.
[0024] The first terminal of the power input path switch 168 receives the input voltage Vin, and the second terminal of the power input path switch 168 is coupled to the alternative power supply device 163. When the power input path switch 168 is turned on, the alternative power supply device 163 provides a first alternative power supply VA1 on the first alternative power path ALTP1 and a second alternative power supply VA2 on the second alternative power path ALTP2 based on the input voltage Vin.
[0025] Alternate power supply device 163 includes a charging chip 165, a first alternative power converter 166, and a second alternative power converter 167. The charging chip 165 is coupled to the second terminal of a power input path switch 168. The charging chip 165 converts the input voltage Vin to a third voltage V3 having a fixed voltage value (e.g., 19V). The first alternative power converter 166 is coupled between the charging chip 165 and the first alternative power path ALTP1. The first alternative power converter 166 converts the third voltage V3 to a first alternative power supply VA1 (e.g., 3.3V) on the first alternative power path ALTP1. The second alternative power converter 167 is coupled between the charging chip 165 and the second alternative power path ALTP2. The second alternative power converter 167 converts the third voltage V3 to a second alternative power supply VA2 (e.g., 5V) on the second alternative power path ALTP2. The second alternative power converter 167 converts the third voltage V3 to a voltage of 5V. The first alternative power converter 166 is controllable by a startup EC_EN generated by an embedded controller 150.
[0026] The system device 160 of this embodiment also includes a power output path switch 169. The power output path switch 169 is coupled to and controlled by the power transfer controller 162. When the power output path switch 169 is turned on, power is supplied to the power output terminal USBOUT of the Universal Serial Bus port based on the 5V voltage provided by the second alternative power converter 167.
[0027] Figure 2 The power management device 100 also includes an input-output circuit 170. A power output terminal (USBOUT) may be located in the input-output circuit 170. The input-output circuit 170 includes at least one Universal Serial Bus (USB) port. Users can, for example, use the USB port and a USB-compliant adapter 175 to direct external power to the power management device 100, or to direct the 5V voltage provided by the USBOUT power output terminal to power an external device (not shown).
[0028] Figure 2The power management device 100 also includes a delay circuit 250. In this embodiment, after the first alternative power converter 166 and the second alternative power converter 167 have completed startup, based on the startup signal of the embedded controller 150 or system device 160 (e.g., the startup signal IG_EN generated by the power delivery controller 162), the delay circuit 250 obtains a delayed signal after a predetermined delay time. Then, based on this delayed signal, the buck circuit 110 and the boost circuit 120 are shut down, thereby saving power consumption generated by the buck circuit 110 and the boost circuit 120 during electronic system standby. In this embodiment, the delay circuit 250 is, for example, a resistor-capacitor (RC) delay circuit.
[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of each voltage. Figure 3 The diagram presents exemplary waveforms of the first voltage V1, the second voltage V2, the first alternative power supply VA1, the second alternative power supply VA2, the voltage VIN12 at the output terminal OUP1 of the first O-ring diode circuit 130, and the voltage VIN22 at the output terminal OUP2 of the second O-ring diode circuit 140. From... Figure 3 It can be seen that the time point located at line LN1 is when the electronic system obtains the input voltage Vin from the external power source. At this time, the first voltage V1 and the second voltage V2 should... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The step-down circuit 110 and the boost circuit 120 in the circuit are generated, thereby starting the embedded controller 150 and the system device 160.
[0030] Figure 3 The time point at line LN2 is when system device 160 is started and a predetermined delay time RCT has elapsed. The first alternative power supply VA1 and the second alternative power supply VA2 are generated by system device 160, and at the time point at line LN2, the first voltage V1 and the second voltage V2 respond accordingly. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The buck circuit 110 and boost circuit 120 are turned off, causing their voltage values to gradually decrease. Voltages VIN12 and VIN22 are maintained to supply power to the embedded controller 150 and system device 160, respectively.
[0031] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a power conversion method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 The method is applicable to including Figure 1Power management device 100 and system device 160. In step S410, the input voltage Vin provided by the input power supply is adjusted to a first voltage V1 by a buck circuit 110. The embedded controller 150 is started and powered based on the first voltage V1. In step S420, the first voltage V1 is adjusted to a second voltage V2 by a boost circuit 120. The system device 160 is started and powered based on the second voltage V2. The started system device 160 provides a first alternative power supply VA1 and a second alternative power supply VA2. In step S430, after the system device 160 is started, the first alternative power supply VA1 is supplied to the embedded controller 150 by a first O-ring diode circuit 130, and the second alternative power supply VA2 is supplied to the system device 160 by a second O-ring diode circuit 140. The buck circuit 110 and the boost circuit 120 are turned off after the system device 160 is started and a predetermined delay time has elapsed. Figure 4 For details of each step in the method, please refer to the foregoing embodiments.
[0032] The power management device and power conversion method described in this embodiment of the invention power-on to the embedded controller and system device via a buck circuit and a boost circuit when the electronic system starts up. After startup, the system device generates a backup power supply through a corresponding component (e.g., a charging chip in a backup power supply device), which then supplies power to the buck circuit and boost circuit via two O-ring diode circuits. Furthermore, after the embedded controller and system device have finished starting up and are operating normally, the buck circuit and boost circuit are shut down after a predetermined delay time to conserve power.
[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A power management device, characterized in that, include: A step-down circuit, coupled to an input power supply, is used to adjust the input voltage provided by the input power supply to a first voltage, wherein the embedded controller is started and powered based on the first voltage; A boost circuit, coupled to the buck circuit, is used to obtain the first voltage and adjust the first voltage to a second voltage. A first O-ring diode circuit is coupled to the step-down circuit, the first alternative power path, and the embedded controller; as well as The second O-ring diode circuit is coupled to the boost circuit, the second alternative power path, and the system device. The system device is activated and powered based on the second voltage, and the activated system device provides a first alternative power supply on the first alternative power path and a second alternative power supply on the second alternative power path. After the system device is started, the first O-ring diode circuit supplies the first alternative power supply to the embedded controller, the second O-ring diode circuit supplies the second alternative power supply to the system device, and the buck circuit and the boost circuit are turned off after the system device is started and a predetermined delay time has elapsed.
2. The power management device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first O-ring diode circuit includes: A first diode, the anode of which is coupled to the step-down circuit as the first input terminal of the first O-ring diode circuit; and The second diode has its anode coupled to one end of the first alternative power supply path as the second input terminal of the first O-ring diode circuit, and the cathode of the first diode is coupled to the cathode of the second diode as the output terminal of the first O-ring diode circuit. Specifically, when the buck circuit provides the first voltage to the first input terminal of the first O-ring diode circuit, the first O-ring diode circuit supplies power to the embedded controller based on the first voltage. When the first alternative power supply is provided to the second input terminal of the first O-ring diode circuit through the first alternative power supply path, the first O-ring diode circuit supplies power to the embedded controller based on the greater of the first voltage and the first alternative power supply.
3. The power management device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buck circuit provides the first voltage to the boost circuit via the first O-ring diode circuit.
4. The power management device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second O-ring diode circuit includes: The third diode, whose anode is coupled to the boost circuit as the first input terminal of the second O-ring diode circuit; and The fourth diode has its anode coupled to one end of the second alternative power supply path as the second input terminal of the second O-ring diode circuit, and the cathode of the third diode is coupled to the cathode of the fourth diode as the output terminal of the second O-ring diode circuit. When the boost circuit provides the second voltage to the first input terminal of the second O-ring diode circuit, the second O-ring diode circuit starts up and supplies power to the system device based on the second voltage. When the second alternative power source is provided to the second input terminal of the second O-ring diode circuit through the second alternative power source path, the second O-ring diode circuit supplies power to the system device based on the greater of the second voltage and the second alternative power source.
5. The power management device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system device includes: A power transfer controller, coupled to the output of the second O-ring diode circuit, is used to obtain the second voltage through the second O-ring diode circuit and to start and be powered based on the second voltage; A power input path switch, coupled to and controlled by the power delivery controller, wherein a first terminal of the power input path switch receives the input voltage; and An alternative power supply device is coupled to a second terminal of the power input path switch, wherein when the power input path switch is turned on, a first alternative power supply is provided on the first alternative power path based on the input voltage, and a second alternative power supply is provided on the second alternative power path.
6. The power management device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The alternative power supply device includes: A charging chip, coupled to the second terminal of the power input path switch, is used to convert the input voltage into a third voltage; A first alternative power converter, coupled to the charging chip and the first alternative power path, is used to convert the third voltage into the first alternative power on the first alternative power path; and A second alternative power converter is coupled to the charging chip and the second alternative power path to convert the third voltage into the second alternative power on the second alternative power path.
7. The power management device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The system device further includes: A power output path switch, coupled to and controlled by the power transmission controller. When the power output path switch is turned on, power is supplied to the power output terminal of the Universal Serial Bus port based on the second alternative power supply.
8. The power management device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Including: The delay circuit is coupled to the boost circuit and the buck circuit. The boost circuit and the buck circuit are configured to be shut down via the delay circuit after the power delivery controller is activated and after the predetermined delay time has elapsed.
9. A power conversion method, applicable to a power management device including a buck circuit and a boost circuit, characterized in that, The method includes: The step-down circuit adjusts the input voltage supplied by the input power supply to a first voltage, wherein the embedded controller is started and powered based on the first voltage; The boost circuit adjusts the first voltage to a second voltage, wherein the system device is started and powered based on the second voltage, and the started system device provides a first alternative power source and a second alternative power source; and After the system device is started, the first alternative power supply is supplied to the embedded controller through a first O-ring diode circuit, and the second alternative power supply is supplied to the system device through a second O-ring diode circuit. The buck circuit and the boost circuit are turned off after the system device is started and a predetermined delay time has elapsed.