Rapid track turnout inserting and laying conversion method

Abstract

The invention relates to a rapid track inserting and laying turnout switching method, a track bed and a switch tie matched with a turnout are built in a turnout area, so that the switch tie can be used for installing a straight strand steel rail or a side strand steel rail, the subsequent turnout inserting and laying capacity is met at the same time, and in recent use, the turnout inserting and laying efficiency is improved. The straight strand line steel rails or the side strand line steel rails are installed on the switch sleepers according to requirements, and the recent operation requirements of the straight strand line or the side strand line are met; when the turnout needs to be inserted and laid for a long time, only the first steel rail above the turnout tie needs to be dismantled, the turnout structure can be directly installed, the construction mode does not need to dismantle a ballast bed and re-construct the ballast bed, an offline foundation, a ballastless track and the like do not need to be transformed, the construction difficulty is lower, equipment such as the turnout and a signal device are not idle, and the construction cost is reduced. By the aid of the locking device, daily maintenance workload is reduced, potential safety hazards caused by long-time locking of the straight strand or the side strand of the turnout to normal driving are avoided, and lost investment cost is low when the turnout does not need to be inserted and laid for a long time.

Description

A method for rapid track laying and turnout conversion Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of turnout installation technology, and in particular to a method for rapid track installation and turnout conversion. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous construction and improvement of high-speed railways, intercity railways, suburban railways and urban rail transit lines in my country, engineering cases requiring the insertion of turnouts in ballastless track sections are constantly emerging. The need to insert turnouts in ballastless track sections to meet the connection requirements of new lines is becoming increasingly urgent and has become a key technical problem restricting the construction of rail transit lines.

[0003] Chinese invention patent application CN118686020A discloses a method for inserting ballastless turnouts for uninterrupted train operation. This method requires a widened and molded base plate, followed by the removal of the original CRTSⅢ type ballastless track slab and self-compacting concrete layer, and then the installation of prefabricated turnout slabs. This method has the disadvantages of modifying the track bed and requiring a large amount of engineering work.

[0004] If ballastless turnouts are implemented concurrently with the construction phase, the straight or side tracks of trains that are not currently in use will be locked. Future new lines will then directly connect to the completed ballastless turnouts. This method does not affect the normal operation of existing lines, and the subgrade and ballastless track do not require modification. However, it can easily lead to long-term idleness of turnouts, signaling equipment, and other equipment, increasing the workload of daily maintenance. The prolonged locking of the straight or side tracks also poses safety hazards for normal train operation. Furthermore, if the lines are not connected in the future, it will result in a waste of investment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies where, if ballastless turnouts are implemented simultaneously during the construction period, it can easily lead to long-term idleness of turnouts, signaling and other equipment, increasing the workload of daily maintenance and repair. Long-term locking of the straight or side strands of the turnouts also leaves safety hazards for normal train operation. This invention provides a method for rapid track laying and turnout conversion.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for rapid track laying and turnout conversion, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Determine the track design and reserve the laying range for the turnout area; S2: Construct the non-turnout sections connecting both ends of the turnout area according to the track design; Construct the turnout area according to the laying range. The construction of the turnout area includes: first constructing the first track bed and all sleepers in the turnout area, and then laying the first rail on all sleepers in the turnout area according to the track opening requirements. The first rail is either a straight track rail or a side track rail, meeting the operation requirements of the straight track or side track; S3: When the track needs to install turnouts, remove the first rail in the turnout area, and retain the first track bed and all sleepers in the turnout area; then install the turnouts on all sleepers in the retained turnout area to complete the entire turnout installation work.

[0008] Preferably, in step S1, the laying range of the reserved turnout area is determined according to the line design.

[0009] Preferably, in step S2, the turnout area and the non-turnout area connected at both ends are constructed simultaneously, and then the turnout area and the non-turnout area are connected.

[0010] Preferably, in step S2, the constructed non-turnout zone includes a second track bed, sleepers, fasteners, and a second rail. The second rail in the non-turnout zone is adapted to be welded to the corresponding first rail in the turnout zone. The sleepers in the non-turnout zone are integral with the second track bed. The fasteners in the non-turnout zone fix the second rail to the sleepers.

[0011] Preferably, in step S2, when constructing the first track bed and all turnout sleepers in the turnout area, the turnout sleepers have pre-embedded sleeves adapted to straight track, side track, and track fixing required during turnout installation.

[0012] Preferably, when the turnout area is a bridge-type track, the bridge-type track includes a steel channel adapted to the first rail, with the opening of the steel channel facing upward; on both sides of the steel channel, anchor bolts pass through the gaskets and the bottom plate of the steel channel and are threadedly connected to the pre-embedded sleeves on the turnout sleepers; the first rail is located in the steel channel, and the inner side of the steel channel and the first rail are filled with polymer material to fix the first rail.

[0013] Preferably, when constructing the bridge-type track in the turnout area, after constructing the first track bed and all turnout sleepers in the turnout area, a steel groove adapted to the first rail to be installed is installed on the turnout sleeper, with the groove opening facing upwards; then, on both sides of the steel groove, anchor bolts are threaded through double-layer spring washers, gaskets, and the bottom plate of the steel groove, and connected to the pre-embedded sleeves on the turnout sleeper to fix the steel groove on the turnout sleeper; then, the first rail is placed in the steel groove, the alignment of the first rail is adjusted, and polymer material is poured into the steel groove to fix the first rail in the steel groove; in step S3, when the line needs to install turnouts, the steel grooves, the first rail, and the structures fixing the steel grooves and the first rail on the turnout sleepers are removed; then, turnouts are installed on all the turnout sleepers in the remaining turnout area to complete the entire turnout installation work.

[0014] Preferably, before placing the first rail into the steel trough, an adjustment pad and an elastic pad are placed sequentially at the bottom of the inner side of the steel trough.

[0015] Preferably, installing turnouts on all sleepers in the reserved turnout area includes: installing straight main rails, curved switch rails, straight switch rails, curved main rails, straight guide rails, lateral guide rails, combined frogs, straight guard rails, and lateral guard rails on the sleepers, and fixing them to the sleepers with turnout fasteners, anchor bolts, and pre-embedded sleeves; then welding the straight main rails, curved main rails, straight guide rails, and lateral guide rails to the corresponding second rails in the non-turnout area outside the corresponding ends.

[0016] Preferably, in step S3, the entire turnout installation is completed during the track maintenance window.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides a method for rapid track laying and turnout conversion. By reserving the track laying range for the turnout area during the track design, the non-turnout area is constructed normally during track construction, while the turnout area is constructed with turnout-compatible ballast and turnout sleepers. This allows the turnout sleepers to be used to install straight track rails or side track rails, while simultaneously meeting the subsequent turnout laying capacity. In the near term, straight track rails or side track rails can be installed on the turnout sleepers as needed to meet the requirements of the near term straight track or side track rails. The track operation requires specific conditions; however, if turnouts need to be installed in the future, only the first rail above the turnout sleeper needs to be removed to directly install the turnout structure. This construction method does not require the removal and reconstruction of the track bed, nor does it require modification of the subgrade foundation and ballastless track. It is less difficult to construct and does not leave turnouts, signals, or other equipment idle, reducing the workload of daily maintenance and repair. It also avoids the safety hazards caused by the long-term locking of the turnout's straight or side track for normal train operation. Furthermore, the investment cost lost when turnouts are not needed in the future is also smaller. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 shows the plan layout of the bridge-type track before turnout installation (straight track); Figure 2 shows the plan layout of the bridge-type track before turnout installation (side track); Figure 3 shows the cross-sectional view of the bridge-type track structure before turnout installation; Figure 4 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of circle A in Figure 3; Figure 5 shows the plan layout of the track after turnout installation; Figure 6 shows the cross-sectional view of the track structure after turnout installation (cross-section where turnout sleeper No. 46 is located).

[0019] Markings in the diagram: 1. Turnout area; 11. Turnout sleeper; 111. Embedded sleeve; 12. Steel channel; 121. Polymer material; 122. Anchor bolt; 123. Double-layer spring washer; 124. Shim; 125. Height adjustment shim; 126. Elastic shim; 13. Straight track rail; 14. Side track rail; 15. First track bed; 16. Turnout rail fastener; 2. Non-turnout area; 31. Straight main rail; 32. Curved switch rail; 33. Straight switch rail; 34. Curved main rail; 35. Straight guide rail; 36. Side guide rail; 37. Combined frog; 38. Straight guard rail; 39. Side guard rail. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer," etc., used in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention to indicate orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is usually placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, and for enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0022] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," and "coaxial" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, parallel, or coaxial. Slight tilt or deviation is permissible, as long as it does not affect the normal function of the relevant component. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be perfectly horizontal; a slight tilt is acceptable. "Coaxial" means that two components are arranged as coaxially as possible, allowing them to move coaxially or approximately coaxially when their relative positions change. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when arranged in "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," or "coaxial" directions, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. For example, the deviation in the "coaxial" direction is controlled within 0.2-1mm, preferably within 0.2-0.5mm. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the solution of the present invention.

[0023] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0024] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.

[0025] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to connection methods commonly used in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0026] Example 1: A method for rapid track laying and turnout conversion, comprising the following steps: S1: Determine the track design and reserve the laying range of turnout area 1; Track design is a conventional technical means in this field. During track design, the laying range of turnout area 1 is pre-planned and reserved for the laying range of turnout area 1; In an optional embodiment, in step S1, the reserved laying range of turnout area 1 is determined according to the track design, which can avoid the inability to implement the laying range of turnout area 1.

[0027] S2: Construct non-turnout area 2 connecting both ends of turnout area 1 according to the line design; non-turnout area 2 can also be understood as a section; the construction of non-turnout area 2 can be understood as conventional technology, which is the construction method of ordinary ballastless track.

[0028] The turnout area 1 is constructed according to the laying range. The construction of turnout area 1 includes: firstly, constructing the first track bed 15 and all turnout sleepers 11 in turnout area 1; then, according to the line opening requirements, laying the first rail on all turnout sleepers 11 in turnout area 1. The first rail is either a straight track rail 13 or a side track rail 14, which meets the operation requirements of the straight track or side track. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation plan of the straight track rail 13, which meets the operation requirements of the straight track; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation plan of the side track rail 14, which meets the operation requirements of the side track. In step S2, when constructing the first track bed 15 and all turnout sleepers 11 in turnout area 1, the turnout sleepers 11 have pre-embedded sleeves 111 that are adapted to the straight track, side track, and turnout installation and track fixing, providing a foundation for the installation of the straight track, side track, and turnout, so that the turnout can be installed subsequently. After the first rail is installed, the unused pre-embedded sleeve 111 needs to be sealed by a detachable sealing structure to avoid blockage or damage, which would prevent it from being used when the turnout is installed later. For example, a detachable protective cover can be installed.

[0029] In step S2, the constructed non-turnout zone 2 includes a second track bed, sleepers, fasteners, and a second rail. The second rail of the non-turnout zone 2 is adapted to be welded to the corresponding first rail of the turnout area 1. The sleepers of the non-turnout zone 2 are integrally formed with the second track bed, and the fasteners of the non-turnout zone 2 fix the second rail to the sleepers. The construction of the second track bed, sleepers, fasteners, and second rail of the non-turnout zone 2 all utilize existing technologies.

[0030] In step S2, turnout area 1 and non-turnout area 2 connected at both ends are constructed simultaneously, resulting in a shorter construction period. Then, turnout area 1 and non-turnout area 2 are connected. The connection at this time mainly involves the connection between the corresponding first rail and the second rail, which can be achieved by welding or freezing joint connection technology.

[0031] In step S2, the first rail can also be fixed by using fasteners.

[0032] S3: When the track needs to be laid with turnouts, remove the first rail of turnout area 1 and retain the first track bed 15 and all turnout sleepers 11 of turnout area 1; then install the turnouts on all the turnout sleepers 11 of the retained turnout area 1 to complete the turnout laying work.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the turnout area 1 where the first rail is installed is a bridge-type track. The bridge-type track includes a steel channel 12 adapted to the first rail, with the opening of the steel channel 12 facing upwards. On both sides of the steel channel 12, anchor bolts 122 pass through washers 124 and the bottom plate of the steel channel 12 and are threadedly connected to the pre-embedded sleeves 111 on the turnout sleeper 11. The first rail is located inside the steel channel 12, and the space between the inner side of the steel channel 12 and the first rail is filled with polymer material 121 to fix the first rail. This fixing method makes the straight track rail 13 or the side track rail 14 run more stably. The steel channel 12 is adapted to the straight track rail 13 or the side track rail 14 using regular and irregular planar structure forms to ensure the alignment of the straight track rail 13 or the side track rail 14. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, when constructing the bridge-type track in turnout area 1, after constructing the first track bed 15 and all turnout sleepers 11 in turnout area 1, a steel groove 12 adapted to the first rail to be installed is installed on the turnout sleeper 11, with the groove opening of the steel groove 12 facing upwards; then, on both sides of the steel groove 12, anchor bolts 122 are threaded through double-layer spring washers 123, washers 124 and the bottom plate of the steel groove 12, and then threadedly connected to the pre-embedded sleeves 111 on the turnout sleeper 11 to fix the steel groove 12 to the turnout sleeper 11; then, the first rail is placed in the steel groove 12, and after adjusting the alignment of the first rail, a polymer material 121 is poured into the steel groove 12 to fix the first rail in the steel groove 12; in an optional embodiment, a height adjustment shim 125 and an elastic shim 126 are placed sequentially on the bottom inner side of the steel groove 12; this can level the top elevation of the first rail and improve the buffering performance of the first rail during operation.

[0034] In step S3, when turnouts need to be installed on the track, the steel channel 12, the first rail, and the structure fixing the steel channel 12 and the first rail on the turnout sleeper 11 are removed. This removal process is more convenient and faster than removing fasteners. Then, turnouts are installed on all the turnout sleepers 11 in the retained turnout area 1, completing the installation of the entire turnout system.

[0035] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the installation of turnouts on all turnout sleepers 11 in the retained turnout area 1 includes: installing straight main rail 31, curved switch rail 32, straight switch rail 33, curved main rail 34, straight guide rail 35, lateral guide rail 36, combined frog 37, straight guard rail 38, and lateral guard rail 39 on the turnout sleepers 11, and fixing them to the turnout sleepers 11 through turnout rail fasteners 16, anchor bolts 122, and pre-embedded sleeves 111; then welding the straight main rail 31, curved main rail 34, straight guide rail 35, and lateral guide rail 36 to the corresponding second rails in the non-turnout area 2 outside the corresponding ends. The turnout installation method is a conventional technical means.

[0036] Furthermore, in step S3, completing the installation of the entire set of turnouts during the track maintenance window can avoid impacting operations.

[0037] The rapid track laying and turnout conversion method described in this embodiment is "rapid" because it is faster than existing turnout laying methods. It involves reserving a laying area for turnout zone 1 during track design, allowing non-turnout zone 2 to be constructed normally during track construction, while turnout zone 1 is equipped with turnout-compatible ballast and sleepers. This enables the sleepers to be used for installing straight track rails 13 or side track rails 14, while simultaneously meeting subsequent turnout laying requirements. In the near term, straight track rails 13 or side track rails 14 are installed on the sleepers as needed. This method meets the near-term operational requirements of straight or side-track lines. When turnouts need to be installed in the future, only the first rail above the turnout sleeper and the steel channel fixing it need to be removed before the turnout structure can be directly installed. This construction method does not require dismantling and rebuilding the ballast bed, nor does it require modification of the subgrade or ballastless track. It is less difficult to construct, has no operational impact on existing lines, avoids ballast bed modifications, has low risk, requires less modification work, saves modification costs, has a short construction period, and is simple to implement, allowing for rapid installation and showing promising prospects for widespread adoption. Furthermore, it does not leave turnouts and signaling equipment idle, reducing daily maintenance workload and avoiding the safety hazards caused by prolonged locking of straight or side tracks. The investment cost loss is also relatively small when turnout installation is not needed in the future.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid track laying and turnout conversion, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Determine the track design and reserve the laying range of the turnout area (1); S2: Construct the non-turnout area (2) connecting both ends of the turnout area (1) according to the track design; Construct the turnout area (1) according to the laying range. The construction of the turnout area (1) includes: first constructing the first track bed (15) and all turnout sleepers (11) of the turnout area (1), and then laying the first rail on all turnout sleepers (11) of the turnout area (1) according to the track opening requirements. The first rail is a straight track rail (13) or a side track rail (14) to meet the operation requirements of the straight track or side track; S3: When the track needs to install turnouts, remove the first rail of the turnout area (1) and retain the first track bed (15) and all turnout sleepers (11) of the turnout area (1); then install turnouts on all turnout sleepers (11) of the retained turnout area (1) to complete the whole turnout installation work.

2. The method for rapid track laying and turnout conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the laying range of the reserved turnout area (1) is determined according to the line design.

3. The method for rapid track laying and turnout conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the turnout area (1) and the non-turnout area (2) connected at both ends are constructed simultaneously, and then the turnout area (1) and the non-turnout area (2) are connected.

4. The method for rapid track laying and turnout conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the constructed non-turn zone (2) includes a second track bed, sleepers, fasteners, and a second rail. The second rail of the non-turn zone (2) is adapted to be welded to the corresponding first rail of the turnout area (1). The sleepers of the non-turn zone (2) and the second track bed are an integral structure. The fasteners of the non-turn zone (2) fix the second rail to the sleepers.

5. The method for rapid track laying and turnout conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, when constructing the first track bed (15) and all turnout sleepers (11) in the turnout area (1), the turnout sleepers (11) have pre-embedded sleeves (111) adapted to straight track, side track and track fixing required when the turnout is installed.

6. The method for rapid track laying and turnout conversion according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the turnout area (1) is a bridge-type track, the bridge-type track includes a steel groove (12) adapted to the first rail, with the groove opening of the steel groove (12) facing upward; on both sides of the steel groove (12), the anchor bolts (122) pass through the gasket (124) and the bottom plate of the steel groove (12) and are threadedly connected to the pre-embedded sleeve (111) on the turnout sleeper (11), the first rail is located in the steel groove (12), and the inner side of the steel groove (12) and the first rail are filled with polymer material (121) to fix the first rail.

7. The method for rapid track laying and turnout conversion according to claim 6, characterized in that, When constructing the bridge-type track in the turnout area (1), after constructing the first track bed (15) and all turnout sleepers (11) in the turnout area (1), install steel grooves (12) adapted to the first rail to be installed on the turnout sleepers (11), so that the groove opening of the steel grooves (12) faces upward; then, on both sides of the steel grooves (12), anchor bolts (122) are threaded through double-layer spring washers (123), gaskets (124) and the bottom plate of the steel grooves (12) and threadedly connected to the pre-embedded sleeves (111) on the turnout sleepers (11), respectively, to connect the steel grooves (122) to the pre-embedded sleeves (111) on the turnout sleepers (111). 12) Fix it on the turnout sleeper (11); then place the first rail in the steel groove (12), adjust the alignment of the first rail, and pour polymer material (121) into the steel groove (12) to fix the first rail in the steel groove (12); in step S3, when the line needs to install turnouts, remove the steel groove (12), the first rail and the structure that fixes the steel groove (12) and the first rail on the turnout sleeper (11); then install turnouts on all the turnout sleepers (11) in the reserved turnout area (1) to complete the whole turnout installation work.

8. The method for rapid track laying and turnout conversion according to claim 7, characterized in that, Before placing the first rail into the steel groove (12), the height adjustment pad (125) and the elastic pad (126) are placed in sequence at the bottom of the inner side of the steel groove (12).

9. A method for rapid track laying and turnout conversion according to claim 5, characterized in that, Installing turnouts on all turnout sleepers (11) in the reserved turnout area (1) includes: installing straight main rail (31), curved switch rail (32), straight switch rail (33), curved main rail (34), straight guide rail (35), lateral guide rail (36), combined frog (37), straight guard rail (38) and lateral guard rail (39) on the turnout sleepers (11), and fixing them on the turnout sleepers (11) with turnout rail fasteners (16), anchor bolts (122) and pre-embedded sleeves (111), and then welding the straight main rail (31), curved main rail (34), straight guide rail (35) and lateral guide rail (36) to the corresponding second rail in the non-turnout area (2) outside the corresponding end.

10. A method for rapid track laying and turnout conversion according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, In step S3, the entire turnout installation is completed during the track maintenance window.

Images