Dynamic wireless power supply system with adaptive power fluctuation suppression

Abstract

The invention provides a dynamic wireless power supply system with adaptive power fluctuation suppression, and relates to the technical field of wireless power transmission. The system comprises a power transmitting end and a power receiving end, in the power transmitting end, a direct-current power supply is connected to the transmitting end of the magnetic coupling structure through a high-frequency inverter and a transmitting end compensation network; in the power receiving end, the receiving end of the magnetic coupling structure is connected to a load through a receiving end compensation network, an uncontrolled rectifier and a self-adaptive power regulation unit; and the self-adaptive power regulation unit regulates the output power to realize power fluctuation suppression. According to the system, wireless charging with relatively low power loss, relatively low control complexity, relatively high transmission efficiency and stability can be realized; and the method is suitable for different application scenes and has relatively high compatibility and operability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless power transmission technology, and in particular to a dynamic wireless power supply system with adaptive power fluctuation suppression. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology is a novel contactless power supply solution that completely eliminates the constraints of physical cables, bringing revolutionary possibilities to many fields, such as implantable medical devices, underwater robots, and electric vehicles. Dynamic wireless power supply is considered the ultimate solution to "range anxiety" and an inevitable trend for powering future intelligent, automated, and unmanned systems. In dynamic wireless power supply systems, the relative positions between the energy receiver (Rx) and transmitter (Tx) continuously change, causing the critical electromagnetic coupling state to be time-varying. This results in unstable and highly volatile output power, failing to meet the stringent voltage / current requirements of the load, leading to performance degradation or even equipment damage. Furthermore, changes in the coupling state can cause the system to deviate significantly from its optimal resonant point, reducing transmission efficiency.

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical challenges and suppress output power fluctuations, existing research primarily focuses on three aspects: magnetic coupling structure optimization, compensation topology, and mode switching technology. For magnetic coupling structure optimization, a multi-coil combination approach is typically used to ensure relatively uniform magnetic flux between the receiver and transmitter. For example, publication CN 109038857 B describes a three-dimensional electromagnetic coupling system composed of six planar rectangular coil units, with the transmitter in an "8" shape and the receiver in a "K" shape. Compensation topology generally improves upon common topologies by creating hybrid compensation topologies to achieve constant current or constant voltage output, ensuring relatively stable transmission power. For instance, publication CN119740407 B provides a method, device, and equipment for designing parameters of a detuned wireless power transmission hybrid compensation network to resist offset. Regarding mode switching technology, publication CN 120033861 A provides an efficiency optimization control method for wireless power transmission systems based on rectifier mode switching, which can achieve optimal efficiency over a wide load range while maintaining constant current output.

[0004] However, the above methods all suffer from the following problems: complex circuit topologies, numerous passive components, and increased power loss; frequent mode switching requires precise control and detection technologies, making control difficult; poor compatibility and operability, requiring a complete hardware design when circuit parameters or coil structure change, and lacking adaptive adjustment capabilities. Therefore, for dynamic wireless power supply systems, how to adaptively stabilize output power transmission while reducing control complexity and the introduction of additional components is an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention aims to provide a dynamic wireless power supply system with adaptive power fluctuation suppression, which can adaptively and stably transmit output power, has low control complexity, and introduces fewer components.

[0006] Specifically, the technical solution provided by this invention includes a power transmitter and a power receiver;

[0007] In the power transmitter, the DC power supply is connected to the transmitter of the magnetic coupling structure via a high-frequency inverter and a transmitter compensation network;

[0008] In the power receiver, the magnetically coupled receiver is connected to the load via a receiver compensation network, an uncontrolled rectifier, and an adaptive power regulation unit.

[0009] The adaptive power regulation unit adjusts the output power to suppress power fluctuations.

[0010] Preferably, the high-frequency inverter is a full-bridge inverter composed of switching transistors;

[0011] It also includes the transmitter control circuit;

[0012] The transmitter control circuit is connected to the high-frequency inverter and is used to control the high-frequency inverter to convert DC power into AC power of a preset frequency.

[0013] Preferably, the transmitter of the magnetic coupling structure includes multiple first magnetic cores connected in the same direction:

[0014] The first magnetic core includes a pole body, a pole shoe, and a pole yoke;

[0015] The pole shoe is located at the upper end of the pole body; the pole yoke is located at the lower end of the pole body and extends to the left and right sides to connect with the adjacent first magnetic core;

[0016] The transmitting coils on adjacent first magnetic cores are connected, but their winding directions are opposite;

[0017] The receiving end of the magnetic coupling structure includes a DD coil, a Q coil, and a second magnetic core;

[0018] The Q coil is attached above the DD coil, and the second magnetic core is attached above the Q coil;

[0019] The Q coil and DD coil have the same magnetic coupling direction.

[0020] Preferably, there are two uncontrolled rectifiers, both of which are full-bridge rectifier circuits composed of diodes;

[0021] The input terminals of the two uncontrolled rectifiers are connected to the DD coil and Q coil respectively, and their output terminals are connected in parallel or series before being connected to the adaptive power regulation unit.

[0022] Preferably, the adaptive power regulation unit is a Buck circuit.

[0023] Preferably, the adaptive power regulation unit is a Boost circuit.

[0024] Preferably, the adaptive power regulation unit includes an inductor L d Capacitor C d1 Capacitor C d2 Switch S a and switching transistor S b ;

[0025] Capacitor C d1 One end is connected to capacitor C d2 One end, and through inductor L d Connect to the switching transistor S respectively a collector and switching transistor S b The emitter of one end is connected to the switch S. a The emitter;

[0026] Capacitor C d2 The other end is connected to the switching transistor S b The collector;

[0027] Switch S a The transmitter is at the input of the adaptive power regulation unit, and the switching transistor S... b The collector is the output terminal of the adaptive power regulation unit.

[0028] Preferably, the adaptive power regulation unit includes a switching transistor S. a Switch S b Switch S c Switch S d Inductor L d and capacitor C d ;

[0029] Capacitor C d One end is connected to the switching transistor S. a emitter and switch S c The emitter of one end is connected to the other end of the switch transistor S. b collector and switching transistor S d The collector;

[0030] Switch S a The collector is connected to the switching transistor S. b The emitter of the switch S c The collector is connected to the switching transistor S. d The emitter;

[0031] Inductor L d One end is connected to the switching transistor Sa The collector of one end is the input terminal of the adaptive power regulation unit, and the other end is the collector of the switching transistor S. c The collector is the output terminal of the adaptive power regulation unit.

[0032] Preferably, the adaptive power adjustment unit adjusts the output power, specifically as follows:

[0033] When the receiving end of the magnetic coupling structure moves at a constant speed, the following steps are performed:

[0034] Step S1: Sample the capacitor voltage of the adaptive power adjustment unit in real time, and calculate the first real-time voltage difference between the capacitor voltage and the reverse sinusoidal pulsation reference value;

[0035] Step S2: Input the first real-time voltage difference into the voltage compensator to obtain the first feedback signal;

[0036] Step S3: Input the first feedback signal into the pulse signal generator to obtain the duty cycle change of the switching transistor in the adaptive power regulation unit, so as to correct the duty cycle;

[0037] Step S4: Drive the switching transistor according to the real-time corrected duty cycle until the first real-time voltage difference is less than the first threshold, thereby adjusting the output power.

[0038] Preferably, the adaptive power adjustment unit adjusts the output power, specifically as follows:

[0039] When the receiving end of the magnetic coupling structure moves at a non-uniform speed, the following steps are performed:

[0040] Step R1: Sample the capacitor voltage of the adaptive power regulation unit and the output voltage of the uncontrolled rectifier in real time, and calculate the second real-time voltage difference between them;

[0041] Step R2: Input the second real-time voltage difference into the voltage compensator to obtain the inner loop reference current, and calculate the real-time current difference between the inductor current of the adaptive power regulation unit and the load current by subtracting the inner loop reference current in turn.

[0042] Step R3: Input the real-time current difference into the current compensator to obtain the second feedback signal;

[0043] Step R4: Input the second feedback signal into the pulse signal generator to obtain the duty cycle change of the switching transistor in the adaptive power regulation unit, so as to correct the duty cycle;

[0044] Step R5: Drive the switching transistor to work according to the corrected duty cycle until the real-time current difference is less than the second threshold, thereby realizing the adjustment of the output power.

[0045] Compared to existing technologies, the technical solution provided by this invention can participate in partial power conversion through an adaptive power adjustment unit. Specifically, it detects the difference between the output power and the rated power in real time, and ensures the stability of the system output power by absorbing excess power or providing insufficient power. This achieves wireless charging with low power loss, low control complexity, high transmission efficiency, and stability. In addition, it does not require changes to the original magnetic coupling structure and circuit structure or the introduction of additional components, making it suitable for different application scenarios and possessing high compatibility and operability. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a dynamic wireless power supply system and its control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the transmitter control circuit in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the I-type long guide rail transmitting coil of a dynamic wireless power supply system in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the receiving coil of a dynamic wireless power supply system in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the adaptive power adjustment unit of a dynamic wireless power supply system in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the receiving end of the dynamic wireless power supply system moving at a constant speed in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 7 This is a control block diagram of the uniform motion of the receiver end of a dynamic wireless power supply system in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the receiver of the dynamic wireless power supply system in one embodiment of the present invention, showing non-uniform motion.

[0054] Figure 9 This is a control block diagram of the non-uniform motion of the receiver end of a dynamic wireless power supply system in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 10 The simulation results are shown for a dynamic wireless power supply system and its control method in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a dynamic wireless power supply system with adaptive power fluctuation suppression, comprising a power transmitter and a power receiver.

[0059] The power transmitter includes a DC power supply, a high-frequency inverter, a transmitter control circuit, and a transmitter compensation network. The DC power supply is connected in parallel with the high-frequency inverter, the transmitter compensation network, and the transmitter with a magnetic coupling structure. The transmitter control circuit is used to control the high-frequency inverter to convert the DC power input from the DC power supply into AC power of a specific frequency.

[0060] Transmitter control circuit such as Figure 2 As shown. The mutual inductance M of the sampled magnetic coupling structure is used to obtain its spatial distribution characteristics through parameter identification; the current of the transmitting coil of the sampled magnetic coupling structure is input to the current transformer and the differential circuit in sequence; the spatial distribution characteristics, the output signal of the differential circuit, the triangular carrier wave, and the inverted triangular carrier wave are input to a dual-channel comparator; the output of the dual-channel comparator is waveform-conditioned and then input to the drive circuit to generate a signal to drive the high-frequency inverter.

[0061] The transmitter compensation network is an LCC compensation network consisting of a series compensation inductor L1, a parallel compensation capacitor C1, and a series compensation capacitor C2. The high-frequency inverter is a full-bridge inverter composed of four switching transistors, S1 to S4. The transmitter of the magnetically coupled structure is an I-type long rail coil. The coupling magnetic field strength depends on the amplitude of the transmitter coil current excitation, the rail pitch, and the relative position of the receiver. The mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the single-phase receiver coil exhibits a sinusoidal variation, and the switching period is much larger than the geometric period. The transmitter coil is wound on the first magnetic core of the I-type long rail coil, forming an equivalent magnetic pole with alternating N and S poles along the receiver direction. The winding direction of the transmitter coil is opposite on adjacent magnetic poles. The first magnetic core constituting the I-type long rail is generally made of soft magnetic ferrite and is divided into three parts: the pole body, the pole shoe, and the pole yoke, depending on the function of each part. The pole body provides winding space for the transmitting coil, the pole shoe reduces the magnetic reluctance of the main magnetic circuit and increases the coupling coefficient between the transmitting and receiving coils, and the pole yoke connects two adjacent magnetic poles to form a closed magnetic circuit. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the pole shoe is located at the upper end of the pole body; the pole yoke is located at the lower end of the pole body and extends to the left and right sides to connect with the adjacent first magnetic cores; the transmitting coils on the adjacent first magnetic cores are connected and wound in opposite directions.

[0062] The magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil has two pole directions, with its pole direction and distribution varying with the direction of travel. Magnetic field lines originate from the upper surface of a single pole piece, pass through the receiving coil, and enter the adjacent pole piece, ultimately forming a closed magnetic circuit through the pole body and yoke. In the lateral displacement direction, the magnetic field exhibits a unipolar distribution, possessing only a single pole direction. After originating from the upper surface of the pole piece, the magnetic field lines do not cross over to the adjacent pole piece but return directly from the yoke, forming a closed loop. Assuming the distance between the two poles (pole moment) is τ, the magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil can be decomposed into B along the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis, respectively. x B y and B z Three components, horizontal component B x and B y The direction of the component B is parallel to the plane of the receiving coil and does not contribute to the mutual inductance flux linkage; therefore, it does not need to be considered when calculating the mutual inductance. Under the condition of no offset in the y-axis direction, component B... z The expression is as follows:

[0063] ;

[0064] In the formula, For the receiving coil in Magnetic flux density along the z-axis at position. For the receiving coil in Magnetic flux density along the z-axis at position. For the receiving coil in The maximum magnetic flux density along the z-axis at any position on the axis.

[0065] The power receiver includes a receiver compensation network, an uncontrolled rectifier, an adaptive power regulation unit, and a load battery; the receiver coil with a magnetic coupling structure is connected in parallel with the receiver compensation network, the uncontrolled rectifier, the adaptive power regulation unit, and the load battery in sequence.

[0066] Traditional single-receiving coils may have mutual inductance dead spots at certain spatial locations. To reduce spatial power fluctuations, this invention employs a dual-receiving coil design at the receiving end of the magnetically coupled structure. The two receiving coils are spatially offset to ensure a low overall power spatial distribution fluctuation rate while also increasing transmission power capability. Figure 4 As shown, the receiving coil of the magnetically coupled structure includes a DD coil, a Q coil, and a second magnetic core (ferrite core). The Q coil is attached above the DD coil, and the second magnetic core is evenly attached above the Q coil, preferably covering both the Q and DD coils as much as possible. The magnetic coupling directions of the Q and DD coils are the same. The DD coil consists of two closely spaced and connected D-type receiving coils.

[0067] The compensation network for the DD coil channel is a single-capacitor compensation C. s1The connected uncontrolled rectifier is diode D. r1 To diode D r4 A full-bridge rectifier circuit consisting of four diodes. The compensation network for the Q coil channel is a single-capacitor compensation C. s2 The connected uncontrolled rectifier is diode D. r5 To diode D r8 A full-bridge rectifier circuit consisting of four diodes. Single capacitor compensation C. s1 and capacitor compensation C s2 This refers to the two components of the receiver compensation network. The outputs of two uncontrolled rectifiers are connected in parallel or series before being connected to the adaptive power conditioning unit. Specifically, the series connection of the outputs of the two uncontrolled rectifiers means that the negative terminal of the output of one uncontrolled rectifier is connected to the positive terminal of the output of the other uncontrolled rectifier.

[0068] For length l Q Width is w Q The number of turns is n Q The Q coil has a mutual inductance flux ψ Q It can be calculated as:

[0069] ;

[0070] In the formula, i is the ordinal number of the number of turns in the Q coil. denoted as the maximum magnetic induction intensity of the receiving coil in the z-axis direction, and x0 as the initial position of the receiving end rock moving in the x-axis direction.

[0071] Similarly, for a length of l D Width is w D The number of turns is n D The DD coil has a mutual inductance flux ψ DD It can be calculated as:

[0072] ;

[0073] In the formula, i is the ordinal number of the number of turns in the DD coil.

[0074] The magnetic flux linkage of the coil at the receiving end will change with the direction of motion along the x-axis, so the output power P0 fluctuates significantly, which can be expressed as:

[0075] ;

[0076] In the formula, ω is the switching angular frequency of the transmitter inverter, and R0 is the equivalent output load resistance.

[0077] The adaptive power regulation unit is used to detect the difference between the output power and the rated power in real time. Excess or insufficient power is absorbed or supplied by the energy storage element in the adaptive power regulation unit to ensure the stability of the system output power. The adaptive power regulation unit can be connected to the load port in series or parallel. Series connection is preferred for uniform motion conditions at the receiving end, while parallel connection is preferred for non-uniform motion conditions at the receiving end. When the instantaneous output power is greater than the rated output power, energy is transferred to the decoupling capacitor through the charging switch; when the instantaneous output power is less than the rated output power, the energy stored in the decoupling capacitor is released through the discharging switch.

[0078] The adaptive power regulation unit has four preferred topologies, such as Figure 5 As shown.

[0079] (1) Switch S a sequentially with inductor L d and capacitor C d Series connection, switching transistor S b With inductor L d and capacitor C d The components are connected in parallel to form a Buck-type adaptive power regulation unit.

[0080] (2) Inductance L d sequentially with switching transistor S a and capacitor C d Series connection, switching transistor S b With the switching transistor S a and capacitor C d The components are connected in parallel to form a Boost-type adaptive power regulation unit.

[0081] (3) Structure of the half-bridge adaptive power regulation unit:

[0082] Capacitor C d1 One end is connected to capacitor C d2 One end, and through inductor L d Connect to the switching transistor S respectively a collector and switching transistor S b The emitter, capacitor C d1 The other end is connected to the switching transistor S a The emitter; capacitor C d2 The other end is connected to the switching transistor S b The collector of the switching transistor S; a The transmitter is at the input of the adaptive power regulation unit, and the switching transistor S... b The collector is the output terminal of the adaptive power regulation unit.

[0083] (4) Structure of the full-bridge adaptive power regulation unit:

[0084] Capacitor C d One end is connected to the switching transistor S. a emitter and switch S c The emitter of one end is connected to the other end of the switch transistor S. b collector and switching transistor S d The collector of the switching transistor S; a The collector is connected to the switching transistor S. b The emitter of the switch S c The collector is connected to the switching transistor S. d The emitter; inductor L d One end is connected to the switching transistor S a The collector of one end is the input terminal of the adaptive power regulation unit, and the other end is the collector of the switching transistor S. c The collector is the output terminal of the adaptive power regulation unit.

[0085] Example 2

[0086] For the dynamic wireless power supply system shown in Example 1, for a dynamic wireless power supply system with a uniformly moving receiver, whose speed is v, the position x of the receiving coil can be expressed as the product of the speed v and the time t. When the receiver moves directly above the magnetic pole, the output power reaches its peak value; when the receiver moves to the middle position between two adjacent magnetic poles, the output power reaches its trough value. Throughout the entire movement, the output power changes periodically and sinusoidally. Typically, the switching frequency of the wireless power supply system is usually tens to hundreds of kHz. Assuming the pole spacing τ is 1m, the speed of the induced traveling wave magnetic field is 40km / s to 100km / s. At this time, the speed of the receiver is negligible compared to the speed of the induced traveling wave magnetic field. Therefore, when calculating the output power, the vehicle's speed can be ignored, and the receiver is always considered to be stationary. This example can use a series Boost type adaptive power adjustment unit as an example. To ensure the stability of the output power, it is necessary to generate a reverse sinusoidal pulsating power to cancel it out, such as... Figure 6 As shown in the figure, P a P is the output power of the adaptive control unit. b This is the input voltage of the vehicle battery.

[0087] The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0088] 1. Obtain real-time capacitor voltage / inductor current sampling values ​​of the series Boost type adaptive power regulation unit;

[0089] 2. Considering the influence of the filter in the power reference calculation process, calculate the theoretical values ​​of the voltage or current of the energy storage element according to the law of conservation of power;

[0090] 3. Based on the theoretically calculated expression for the fluctuating power, the modulation signal corresponding to the equal-amplitude reverse fluctuating power generated by the series Boost type adaptive power adjustment unit is derived.

[0091] 4. Output-side pulsating power suppression is achieved by reconstructing the capacitor voltage of the adaptive power regulation unit.

[0092] The control block diagram of a dynamic wireless power supply system with a magnetically coupled receiver moving at a constant speed is shown below. Figure 7 As shown, the specific control method is as follows:

[0093] Step 1: Use a capacitor voltage sampling circuit (transfer function G) fv The capacitor voltage U of the adaptive power regulation unit cd Real-time sampling is performed, and the real-time sampled value is subtracted from the inverse sinusoidal pulsating reference value to obtain the real-time voltage difference U. error ;

[0094] Step 2: Convert the real-time voltage difference U error Input voltage compensator G cv First feedback signal v pi ;

[0095] Step 3: Perform real-time compensation calculation on the duty cycle of the switching transistor in the adaptive power regulation unit, and convert the first feedback signal v... pi The input pulse signal generator performs pulse width modulation (PWM) to obtain the duty cycle change Δd of the switching transistor, which is then added to the original duty cycle to correct the duty cycle d.

[0096] Step 4: Obtain the corrected duty cycle d to drive the switching transistor to work until the real-time voltage difference U error The output power is less than the set first threshold, thus achieving smooth control of the output power.

[0097] The method for calculating the reverse sinusoidal pulsation reference value is as follows:

[0098] The speed of the vehicle under uniform motion is detected, the theoretical capacitor voltage is calculated and then input into a sine wave generator to obtain a reverse sine wave reference value.

[0099] Example 3

[0100] For the dynamic wireless power supply system shown in Example 1, the output power of a system with a non-uniform motion receiver exhibits irregular periodic fluctuations, making it impossible to directly utilize theoretical calculations to provide a power reference for the parallel adaptive power adjustment unit. This embodiment employs a topology of a parallel Buck-type adaptive power adjustment unit, where the adaptive power adjustment unit is connected in parallel with the system output capacitor. An additional control loop is needed to correct the voltage / current reference of the energy storage element, extract the receiver's motion speed and real-time output power in the dynamic wireless power supply system, and set an allowable power change threshold to achieve power fluctuation suppression. Figure 8 As shown.

[0101] The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0102] 1. Obtain real-time capacitor voltage / inductor current sampling values ​​of the series Boost type adaptive power regulation unit;

[0103] 2. Clarify the mapping relationship between the motion speed of different receivers and the output power reference signal, and obtain the dynamic response of the adaptive power adjustment unit to the output power of different upper and lower power thresholds;

[0104] 3. Optimize and select the optimal reference power value to evaluate and obtain the amplitude-frequency characteristics and stability margin of the control loop under different receiver movement speeds;

[0105] 4. Output-side pulsating power suppression is achieved by reconstructing the inductor current of the adaptive power regulation unit.

[0106] The control block diagram of a dynamic wireless power supply system with a non-uniform motion receiver of a magnetically coupled structure is shown below. Figure 9 As shown, the specific control method is as follows:

[0107] Step S1: Through the transfer function G fv The output voltage U of the uncontrolled rectifier o Real-time sampling is performed, and the capacitor voltage U of the adaptive power adjustment unit is used for sampling. cd Subtract the real-time sampled value to obtain the real-time voltage difference U. error1 ;

[0108] Step S2: Convert the real-time voltage difference U error1 Input voltage compensator G cv Obtain the inner current loop reference i dref Then subtract the inductor current i of the adaptive power regulation unit in sequence. d The real-time current difference i is obtained from the load current (output current at the receiving end). derror ; Figure 8 In the middle, G fi This represents the transfer function of the output current sampling circuit.

[0109] Step S3: Convert the real-time current difference i derror Input inductor current compensator G ci Obtain the second feedback signal i pi ;

[0110] Step S4: Perform real-time compensation calculation on the duty cycle of the switching transistor in the adaptive power regulation unit, and convert the second feedback signal i pi The input pulse signal generator performs pulse width modulation to obtain the duty cycle change Δd1 of the switching transistor, which is then added to the original duty cycle to correct the duty cycle d1.

[0111] Step S5: Obtain the corrected duty cycle d1 to drive the switching transistor to work until the real-time current difference i derror The output power is lower than the set second threshold, thus achieving smooth control of the output power.

[0112] like Figure 10 As shown, in this invention, regardless of whether the receiver moves at a constant or non-constant speed, the output power fluctuation rate is 1.9%. Therefore, the system in this embodiment can effectively compensate for power fluctuations and ensure the stable output of the dynamic wireless power supply system.

[0113] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages:

[0114] 1) Cost advantage: It can significantly reduce the output filter capacitor value and can use film capacitors or ceramic capacitors with longer life and lower price; it avoids complex coil structure and complex compensation network converter, resulting in small cost and size and high power density.

[0115] 2) Performance advantages: The adaptive power adjustment unit only participates in part of the power conversion, resulting in low system loss and high transmission efficiency; it does not require changes to the coupling coil structure or system circuit architecture, making it suitable for different application scenarios and highly compatible and operable.

[0116] 3) Wide range of applications: This invention does not have specific requirements for the magnetic coupling coil or compensation topology type of the wireless charging system for electric vehicles, and the proposed adaptive power adjustment unit can be directly transplanted to existing devices.

[0117] In summary, compared with existing technologies, the technical solution provided by this invention can participate in partial power conversion through an adaptive power adjustment unit. Specifically, it detects the difference between the output power and the rated power in real time, and ensures the stability of the system output power by absorbing excess power or providing insufficient power. This achieves wireless charging with low power loss, low control complexity, high transmission efficiency, and stability. In addition, it does not require changes to the original magnetic coupling structure and circuit structure, or the introduction of additional components, making it suitable for different application scenarios and possessing high compatibility and operability.

[0118] Furthermore, the transmitter control circuit ensures the stability of the AC frequency at the power transmitter; the special magnetic coupling structure results in a lower overall power spatial distribution volatility; the input current phase of the uncontrolled rectifier is close to the voltage phase, resulting in a relatively high power factor, which helps reduce power fluctuations; the use of different adaptive power adjustment units helps improve the compatibility of the adaptive power adjustment unit; and the control methods for different application scenarios help improve the compatibility of the adaptive power adjustment unit.

Claims

1. A dynamic wireless power supply system with adaptive power fluctuation suppression, characterized in that, Includes a power transmitter and a power receiver; In the power transmitter, the DC power supply is connected to the transmitter of the magnetic coupling structure via a high-frequency inverter and a transmitter compensation network; In the power receiver, the magnetically coupled receiver is connected to the load via a receiver compensation network, an uncontrolled rectifier, and an adaptive power regulation unit. The adaptive power regulation unit adjusts the output power to suppress power fluctuations.

2. The adaptive power fluctuation suppression dynamic wireless power supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-frequency inverter is a full-bridge inverter composed of switching transistors; It also includes the transmitter control circuit; The transmitter control circuit is connected to the high-frequency inverter and is used to control the high-frequency inverter to convert DC power into AC power of a preset frequency.

3. The adaptive power fluctuation suppression dynamic wireless power supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transmitter of the magnetic coupling structure includes multiple first magnetic cores connected in the same direction: The first magnetic core includes a pole body, a pole shoe, and a pole yoke; The pole shoe is located at the upper end of the pole body; the pole yoke is located at the lower end of the pole body and extends to the left and right sides to connect with the adjacent first magnetic core; The transmitting coils on adjacent first magnetic cores are connected, but their winding directions are opposite; The receiving end of the magnetic coupling structure includes a DD coil, a Q coil, and a second magnetic core. The Q coil is attached above the DD coil, and the second magnetic core is attached above the Q coil; The Q coil and DD coil have the same magnetic coupling direction.

4. The adaptive power fluctuation suppression dynamic wireless power supply system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, There are two uncontrolled rectifiers, both of which are full-bridge rectifier circuits composed of diodes; The input terminals of the two uncontrolled rectifiers are connected to the DD coil and Q coil respectively, and their output terminals are connected in parallel or series before being connected to the adaptive power regulation unit.

5. The adaptive power fluctuation suppression dynamic wireless power supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive power adjustment unit is a Buck circuit.

6. The adaptive power fluctuation suppression dynamic wireless power supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive power adjustment unit is a Boost circuit.

7. The adaptive power fluctuation suppression dynamic wireless power supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive power regulation unit includes an inductor L d Capacitor C d1 Capacitor C d2 Switch S a and switching transistor S b ; Capacitor C d1 One end is connected to capacitor C d2 One end, and through inductor L d Connect to the switching transistor S respectively a collector and switching transistor S b The emitter of one end is connected to the switch S. a The emitter; Capacitor C d2 The other end is connected to the switching transistor S b The collector; Switch S a The transmitter is at the input of the adaptive power regulation unit, and the switching transistor S... b The collector is the output terminal of the adaptive power regulation unit.

8. The adaptive power fluctuation suppression dynamic wireless power supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive power regulation unit includes a switching transistor S. a Switch S b Switch S c Switch S d Inductor L d and capacitor C d ; Capacitor C d One end is connected to the switching transistor S. a emitter and switch S c The emitter of one end is connected to the other end of the switch transistor S. b collector and switching transistor S d The collector; Switch S a The collector is connected to the switching transistor S. b The emitter of the switch S c The collector is connected to the switching transistor S. d The emitter; Inductor L d One end is connected to the switching transistor S a The collector of one end is the input terminal of the adaptive power regulation unit, and the other end is the collector of the switching transistor S. c The collector is the output terminal of the adaptive power regulation unit.

9. A dynamic wireless power supply system with adaptive power fluctuation suppression as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The adaptive power adjustment unit adjusts the output power, specifically by: When the receiving end of the magnetic coupling structure moves at a constant speed, the following steps are performed: Step S1: Sample the capacitor voltage of the adaptive power adjustment unit in real time, and calculate the first real-time voltage difference between the capacitor voltage and the reverse sinusoidal pulsation reference value; Step S2: Input the first real-time voltage difference into the voltage compensator to obtain the first feedback signal; Step S3: Input the first feedback signal into the pulse signal generator to obtain the duty cycle change of the switching transistor in the adaptive power regulation unit, so as to correct the duty cycle; Step S4: Drive the switching transistor according to the real-time corrected duty cycle until the first real-time voltage difference is less than the first threshold, thereby adjusting the output power.

10. A dynamic wireless power supply system with adaptive power fluctuation suppression as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The adaptive power adjustment unit adjusts the output power, specifically by: When the receiving end of the magnetic coupling structure moves at a non-uniform speed, the following steps are performed: Step R1: Sample the capacitor voltage of the adaptive power regulation unit and the output voltage of the uncontrolled rectifier in real time, and calculate the second real-time voltage difference between them; Step R2: Input the second real-time voltage difference into the voltage compensator to obtain the inner loop reference current, and calculate the real-time current difference between the inductor current of the adaptive power regulation unit and the load current by subtracting the inner loop reference current in turn. Step R3: Input the real-time current difference into the current compensator to obtain the second feedback signal; Step R4: Input the second feedback signal into the pulse signal generator to obtain the duty cycle change of the switching transistor in the adaptive power regulation unit, so as to correct the duty cycle; Step R5: Drive the switching transistor to work according to the corrected duty cycle until the real-time current difference is less than the second threshold, thereby realizing the adjustment of the output power.

Images