An energy-saving furnace waste heat recovery and utilization device

Abstract

This invention discloses an energy-saving furnace waste heat recovery and utilization device, including a furnace body, a flue pipe, a heat exchange box, a feeding cylinder, and a rotary heat storage capsule chain curtain. The heat storage capsule chain curtain first receives crushed waste material at the feeding cylinder, then enters the flue pipe to absorb waste heat from the flue gas and preheat the material. It then rotates to the top of the furnace for automatic unloading. After unloading, the remaining heat is used to exchange heat with the heat exchange liquid in the heat exchange box, achieving waste heat recovery. This device combines dynamic heat exchange, automatic feeding, material preheating, and rotary heat preservation functions. It is less prone to ash accumulation, reduces heat loss, and improves smelting efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of furnaces, and more specifically to an energy-saving furnace waste heat recovery and utilization device. Background Technology

[0002] Furnace equipment is widely used in industrial scenarios such as metal smelting, waste recycling, and heat treatment. During the continuous operation of the furnace, combustion, heating, and melting processes generate a large amount of high-temperature flue gas. This flue gas, which carries a high amount of heat, is usually discharged through exhaust pipes. Direct discharge would not only result in significant waste of thermal energy but also increase overall production energy consumption and operational costs for enterprises. Therefore, how to effectively recover and reuse the waste heat from furnace exhaust has become an important technical direction in furnace energy-saving retrofitting and structural optimization.

[0003] In existing technologies, most methods for recovering waste heat from furnace flue gas employ fixed heat exchange structures. These include fixed heat exchange tubes, heat exchange plates, hot water jackets, finned heat exchangers, or static heat storage bodies installed within the flue gas duct. This allows the high-temperature flue gas to exchange heat with the heat exchange medium, transferring the heat from the flue gas to water, air, or other media for utilization. While this technology can achieve waste heat recovery to some extent, the heat exchange components are typically fixed within the flue gas duct for extended periods. Furnace flue gas often contains dust, fine particles, oil deposits, and impurities carried over during the smelting process. These impurities easily accumulate on the fixed heat exchange surfaces, leading to ash buildup, blockage, increased pressure loss, and a gradual decrease in heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, cleaning is extremely difficult due to their internal location. Especially under long-term high-temperature operating conditions, ash accumulation can affect heat transfer uniformity, increase maintenance frequency, and even cause localized overheating damage. Therefore, traditional fixed waste heat recovery structures have significant shortcomings in terms of stability and sustainability.

[0004] Meanwhile, existing furnace waste heat recovery devices typically focus only on a single heat exchange process between flue gas and a specific heat exchange medium. Their main function remains at the static "heat absorption-heat release" recovery level, failing to organically integrate the waste heat recovery structure with the furnace's daily operations such as feeding, conveying, and insulation. In other words, in existing solutions, heat exchange components are often independently set up with the feeding system, conveying system, and insulation structure. The equipment structure is dispersed and its function is singular. In actual use, the furnace still needs to rely on manual labor or additional machinery to add crushed waste material into the furnace, which not only increases the intensity of manual labor but also affects the efficiency of continuous operation and results in insufficient overall energy-saving synergy of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an energy-saving furnace waste heat recovery and utilization device, which effectively overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: an energy-saving furnace waste heat recovery and utilization device, comprising: The furnace body has a furnace cavity inside and a furnace operation door on the side. A flue pipe is installed on the top of the furnace body to discharge high-temperature flue gas outwards; A heat exchange box is installed at the bottom of the furnace body; The heat storage capsule chain curtain is rotaryly installed on the furnace body and the heat exchange box. The heat storage capsule chain curtain passes through the flue pipe and is used to absorb the heat of the flue gas in the flue pipe before entering the heat exchange box for heat exchange. A charging cylinder is installed inside the furnace body, and the charging cylinder is located at the bottom of the flue pipe. The heat storage capsule chain curtain passes through the charging cylinder from bottom to top. When the heat storage capsule chain curtain rotates counterclockwise, the crushed waste material enters the heat storage capsule chain curtain, and is then automatically unloaded into the furnace cavity by the rotating heat storage capsule chain curtain.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, a first expansion box is provided on one side of the furnace body, and a second expansion box is provided on the other side of the furnace body. A straight section is provided on the flue pipe, and the straight section extends into the first expansion cavity inside the first expansion box. The feeding cylinder is installed at the bottom of the first expansion cavity. A second expansion cavity is provided inside the second expansion box, and the heat storage capsule chain curtain is provided through the straight section of the flue pipe.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, a driving mechanism is provided at the top of the furnace body, located at the position of the first expansion box. The driving mechanism includes a driving roller and a driving motor installed on one side of the driving roller. A first guide roller is provided at the top of the furnace cavity. A tensioning roller is provided at the top of the furnace body, located at the position of the second expansion box. The two sides of the tensioning roller are installed between two tensioning plates. The bottom of each tensioning plate is inserted into a fixed plate. A tensioning spring is installed in the fixed plate, and the tensioning spring pushes out the tensioning plate and the tensioning roller.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the heat exchange box is divided into a transition chamber, a heat exchange chamber and a drain chamber by a partition, and the heat exchange chamber is located in the middle of the transition chamber and the drain chamber. A second guide roller is provided at the bottom of the heat exchange chamber, and a third guide roller is provided at the bottom of the liquid discharge chamber. The regenerative capsule chain curtain is wound around the top of the driving roller and then supported and installed outside the tensioning roller after reaching the bottom of the first guide roller, and then enters the first expansion chamber after passing around the second expansion chamber and reaching the bottoms of the second and third guide rollers. The entire regenerative capsule chain curtain forms a rotary closed structure and performs a rotary action in a tensioned state driven by the driving motor.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, openings with a diameter larger than the cross-sectional area of the regenerative capsule chain curtain are provided at the positions where the regenerative capsule chain curtain passes through the furnace body, the first expansion box, the second expansion box, the smoke exhaust pipe, the feeding barrel, and the heat exchange box. Flexible heat insulation sealing layers are filled in the openings, and the regenerative capsule chain curtain passes through the flexible heat insulation sealing layers. The flexible heat insulation sealing layers are in a mouth shape.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the regenerative capsule chain curtain is composed of more than one group of regenerative capsule groups arranged in an up-and-down arrangement. Each group of regenerative capsule groups is composed of more than one regenerative capsule box arranged side by side at equal intervals. A connecting rod is provided between adjacent regenerative capsule boxes, and the upper and lower regenerative capsule groups are connected by a hinge rod. Connecting shaft sleeves are provided at the upper and lower ends of the hinge rod respectively, and the connecting shaft sleeves are rotatably installed outside the connecting rod. The hinge rod is interrupted in the middle and a pin shaft is horizontally passed through it, so that the hinge rod is divided into two sections and can rotate relative to each other along the pin shaft.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, a heat storage chamber is provided in each regenerative capsule box, and a metal heat storage block is provided in the heat storage chamber. A heat insulation plugging part is provided at the top of the heat storage block, and a limiting edge is provided at the opening position at the top of the regenerative capsule. The maximum outer diameter of the heat insulation plugging part is smaller than the outer diameter of the heat storage block. When the opening of the regenerative capsule box faces downward, the opening of the entire heat storage chamber is plugged by the heat insulation plugging part. A heat exchange groove is provided around the outer circular surface of the heat storage block.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, a loading chamber is also formed in the regenerative capsule box. When the regenerative capsule box passes through the feeding barrel from bottom to top, the crushed waste enters the loading chamber.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the heat storage capsule chain curtain forms a heat absorption section at the position where it passes through the flue pipe, a feeding section at the position where it passes through the feeding cylinder, a heat preservation section at the position where it passes through the second expansion cavity, an open heat exchange section at the position where it passes through the second guide roller and rises, a discharge section at the position where it enters the discharge cavity, and a discharge section at the top of the furnace body.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the heat exchange chamber is filled with heat exchange liquid, and an inlet pipe is provided in the upper part of the heat exchange chamber and an outlet pipe is provided in the bottom part. A drain pipe is provided on the heat exchange box corresponding to the drain chamber. A feeding hopper is provided outside the feeding cylinder, and the feeding hopper is provided with an inclined feeding ramp. The feeding hopper is connected to the feeding cylinder.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, this invention uses a heat storage capsule chain curtain to form a dynamic waste heat recovery structure that can rotate continuously. This allows the heat storage capsule chain curtain to continuously absorb heat from the high-temperature flue gas as it passes through the exhaust pipe, and then enter the heat exchange box during the subsequent rotation to dynamically contact and exchange heat with the heat exchange liquid. This changes the problems of severe ash accumulation and easy decline in heat exchange efficiency caused by the long-term static setting of traditional fixed heat exchange components. Since the heat storage capsule chain curtain in this invention is in a state of continuous circulation, dust and particulate matter in the flue gas are not likely to accumulate continuously at the same heat exchange position. Therefore, it can effectively reduce the risk of ash blockage and improve the heat exchange stability and reliability during long-term operation. Meanwhile, the present invention further integrates the waste heat recovery structure with the material conveying structure. When the heat storage capsule chain curtain rotates through the feeding cylinder, it can automatically carry the crushed waste material and automatically unload it into the furnace cavity after continuing to rotate above the furnace body. Thus, while realizing waste heat recovery, it can also complete the automatic replenishment of materials, eliminating the traditional manual feeding or additional conveying mechanism feeding steps. This not only improves the feeding efficiency, but also helps to improve the continuity and automation of furnace operation. In addition, during the process of the heat storage bladder rotating to the outside of the furnace body but before entering the heat exchange chamber, the heat insulation sealing part can seal the opening of the heat storage chamber by changing the orientation of the center of gravity, thereby forming a better temporary heat preservation state, reducing the heat loss of the heat storage block during the transfer process, and allowing the absorbed flue gas waste heat to be retained more efficiently in the heat exchange stage. After entering the heat exchange chamber, the heat storage bladder can fully contact the heat exchange liquid to release heat, realizing the effective transfer of heat and the preheating and recovery of the heat exchange liquid, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the waste heat utilization rate and reducing the overall energy consumption of the furnace. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-section of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the heat storage capsule chain curtain of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the heat storage capsule chain curtain of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of a local structure in the image; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the heat storage bladder box with its center of gravity facing rearward. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat storage block of the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Furnace body; 20. Furnace cavity; 14. Furnace operating door; 13. Exhaust pipe; 2. Heat exchanger box; 12. Heat storage capsule chain curtain; 27. Feeding cylinder; 7. First expansion box; 8. Second expansion box; 131. Straight section; 17. First expansion cavity; 19. Second expansion cavity; 16. Drive roller; 15. Drive motor; 18. First guide roller; 11. Tensioning roller; 10. Tensioning plate; 9. Fixing plate; 22. Partition plate; 21. Transition cavity; 24. Heat exchange cavity; 26. Drainage cavity; 23. Second guide roller 1. Roller; 25. Third guide roller; 123. Heat storage bladder box; 121. Connecting rod; 122. Hinge rod; 129. Connecting bushing; 124. Pin; 128. Heat storage block; 125. Heat insulation sealing part; 126. Limiting stop; 1281. Heat exchange tank; 127. Loading chamber; 1221. Heat absorption section; 1225. Feeding section; 1223. Heat preservation section; 1222. Open heat exchange section; 1224. Drainage section; 1226. Unloading section; 5. Liquid inlet pipe; 4. Liquid outlet pipe; 3. Drainage pipe; 6. Feeding hopper. Detailed Implementation

[0019] All features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in all disclosed methods or processes, may be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

[0020] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any appended claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features for a similar purpose, unless specifically stated otherwise. That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is merely one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0021] like Figures 1-8 As shown, this invention provides an energy-saving furnace waste heat recovery and utilization device. The device is used to dynamically recover high-temperature waste heat from exhaust gas during furnace smelting operations, and simultaneously achieves automatic material replenishment during waste heat recovery, thus combining furnace energy saving, heat exchange utilization, and continuous feeding functions. The device includes a furnace body 1, an exhaust pipe 13, a heat exchange box 2, a heat storage capsule chain curtain 12, and a feeding cylinder 27. The furnace body 1 serves as the main smelting carrier, and its interior forms a furnace cavity 20 for accommodating the materials to be smelted and performing high-temperature smelting operations. A furnace operation door 14 is provided on the side of the furnace body 1, facilitating observation, inspection, opening and closing, and necessary manual intervention by operators within the furnace cavity 20. The exhaust pipe 13 is installed at the top of the furnace body 1 to exhaust the high-temperature flue gas generated within the furnace cavity 20. The heat exchange box 2 is installed at the bottom of the furnace body 1 to provide a heat exchange and release area for the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12. The regenerative capsule chain curtain 12 is installed in a rotary manner between the furnace body 1 and the heat exchange box 2. During continuous circulation, it passes through the exhaust pipe 13 to absorb heat from the high-temperature flue gas, and after absorbing heat, enters the heat exchange box 2 to exchange heat with the heat exchange medium. A feeding cylinder 27 is installed inside the furnace body 1, located at the bottom of the exhaust pipe 13. The regenerative capsule chain curtain 12 passes through the feeding cylinder 27 from bottom to top. Thus, when the regenerative capsule chain curtain 12 rotates counterclockwise, the crushed waste material enters the regenerative capsule chain curtain 12 and continues to rotate with it. It first passes through the flue gas area for preheating, and then is automatically conveyed and unloaded into the furnace chamber 20, thereby organically combining the waste heat recovery structure and the automatic material replenishment structure into one unit.

[0022] In this embodiment, to facilitate the formation of a complete rotation path for the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 and to make the functional zones such as feeding, heat absorption, unloading, heat preservation, heat exchange, and liquid drainage clearer, a first expansion box 7 is provided on one side of the furnace body 1, and a second expansion box 8 is provided on the other side of the furnace body 1. A straight section 131 is provided on the flue pipe 13, which extends into the first expansion cavity 17 formed inside the first expansion box 7, and the feeding cylinder 27 is installed at the bottom of the first expansion cavity 17. A second expansion cavity 19 is formed inside the second expansion box 8, and the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 is provided through the straight section 131 of the flue pipe 13. Through the above structural arrangement, on the one hand, the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 can form a relatively stable heat absorption path within the straight section 131 of the flue pipe 13, enabling it to continuously exchange heat with the flue gas as the high-temperature flue gas flows through. On the other hand, the first expansion chamber 17 and the second expansion chamber 19 can respectively undertake the functions of feeding transition and heat preservation transition, thereby allowing the entire heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 to have different working states in different spatial areas. After the flue pipe 13 adopts a path structure with a straight section 131, the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 has a more stable heating path when passing through it, and it is not easy to form local uneven heating at the bends in the flue. It also helps to improve the contact efficiency between the flue gas and the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12. At the same time, the feeding cylinder 27 set at the lower part of the flue pipe 13 allows the material to enter the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 first, and then enter the heat absorption area with it as it moves upwards, so that the crushed waste material loaded is preheated before being unloaded into the furnace chamber 20.

[0023] To drive the regenerative capsule chain curtain 12 to continuously circulate, a drive mechanism is installed at the top of the furnace body 1, located at the first expansion box 7. This drive mechanism includes a drive roller 16 and a drive motor 15 mounted on one side of the drive roller 16. The drive motor 15 outputs power to the drive roller 16, enabling the drive roller 16 to drive the entire regenerative capsule chain curtain 12 to rotate continuously. A first guide roller 18 is installed at the top of the furnace cavity 20 to guide the regenerative capsule chain curtain 12 during its turning process near the top of the furnace cavity 20, preventing the chain curtain from shifting, scraping, or becoming disordered during its upper operation. A tension roller 11 is installed at the top of the furnace body 1, located at the second expansion box 8. The two sides of the tension roller 11 are installed between two tension plates 10. The bottoms of the tension plates 10 are inserted into corresponding fixing plates 9. Tension springs are installed in the fixing plates 9, and these tension springs apply a continuous outward pushing force to the tension plates 10 and the tension roller 11. In this way, the tension roller 11 can automatically compensate for length errors, wear and loosening, and thermal expansion and contraction changes that occur during the operation of the thermal regenerator capsule chain curtain 12 under the action of the tension spring, so that the entire thermal regenerator capsule chain curtain 12 is always in a stable tension state, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the drive transmission and the accuracy of the operating position of each functional section. The coordinated arrangement of the drive roller 16, the first guide roller 18, and the tension roller 11 enables the thermal regenerator capsule chain curtain 12 to form a stable operating profile in the upper region of the furnace body 1, and provides a reliable guiding foundation for subsequent entry into the second expansion cavity 19 and the heat exchange box 2.

[0024] The heat exchange chamber 2 is divided by a partition 22 to form a transition chamber 21, a heat exchange chamber 24, and a drain chamber 26. The heat exchange chamber 24 is located between the transition chamber 21 and the drain chamber 26. The transition chamber 21 provides a buffer transition space for the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 to enter the heat exchange area from the upper structure. The heat exchange chamber 24 is used to achieve sufficient heat exchange between the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 and the heat exchange liquid. The drain chamber 26 is used to receive the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 after heat exchange and to allow residual liquid adhering to the surface of the chain curtain or the surface of the heat storage capsule box 123 to fall back naturally in this area, reducing liquid entrainment during subsequent rotation. A second guide roller 23 is provided at the bottom of the heat exchange chamber 24, and a third guide roller 25 is provided at the bottom of the drain chamber 26. The heat storage capsule chain curtain 12, after passing the top of the drive roller 16 and winding to the bottom of the first guide roller 18, is supported and installed outside the tension roller 11. It then passes through the second expansion cavity 19, winds to the bottom of the second guide roller 23 and the third guide roller 25, and re-enters the first expansion cavity 17. Thus, the entire heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 forms a complete rotary closed-loop operation, performing a cyclical rotation under tension driven by the drive motor 15. This rotary closed structure allows the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 to sequentially pass through the feeding area, heat absorption area, unloading area, heat preservation area, heat exchange and release area, and liquid drainage area, achieving continuous and coordinated operation of multiple workstations on a single chain curtain.

[0025] Since the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 needs to pass through multiple equipment parts, including the furnace body 1, the first expansion box 7, the second expansion box 8, the exhaust pipe 13, the feeding cylinder 27, and the heat exchange box 2, in order to ensure smooth chain curtain movement while reducing heat loss and flue gas leakage, opening slots are provided at the locations where the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 passes through. The diameter of each opening slot is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 to avoid rigid interference between the chain curtain and the slot wall during operation. Each opening slot is filled with a flexible heat insulation sealing layer, through which the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 passes. The flexible heat insulation sealing layer is arranged in a U-shape, surrounding the chain curtain's running path. In this embodiment, the flexible thermal insulation sealing layer can adopt a combination structure of a solid silicone rubber layer and an outer fire-resistant cloth layer. The solid silicone rubber layer serves as the inner main body, utilizing its softness, resilience, density, airtightness, resistance to high and low temperatures, and good sealing performance to form a moderate covering and elastic fit when in contact with the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12, thereby reducing leakage through gaps during chain curtain passage. The outer fire-resistant cloth layer serves as the surface protective layer, preferably made of fire-resistant fiber fabric, high-temperature resistant fiberglass cloth, or other fire-resistant materials, to improve the flexible thermal insulation sealing layer's resistance to high-temperature flue gas radiation and thermal contact environments, and to reduce the possibility of direct heat aging of the solid silicone rubber layer. This combined structure ensures both flexible clearance and sealing during chain curtain passage, while also providing thermal insulation protection under long-term high-temperature environments, thereby reducing heat loss from the opening slots and preventing large-scale leakage of flue gas and hot air from equipment connections.

[0026] Furthermore, the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 is composed of one or more heat storage capsule groups arranged vertically, and each heat storage capsule group is composed of one or more heat storage capsule boxes 123 arranged side by side at equal intervals. Connecting rods 121 are provided between adjacent heat storage capsule boxes 123 to maintain lateral spacing and overall arrangement stability within the same group. Adjacent heat storage capsule groups are connected by hinge rods 122, with connecting bushings 129 at the upper and lower ends of the hinge rods 122. The connecting bushings 129 are rotatably mounted on the outside of the corresponding connecting rods 121, ensuring reliable connection and necessary relative rotational freedom between adjacent heat storage capsule groups during overall operation. The hinge rods 122 are broken in the middle and a pin 124 passes laterally through them, dividing the hinge rods 122 into two sections that can rotate relative to each other along the pin 124. This structure allows the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 to bend more smoothly when passing around the guide rollers, preventing the entire chain curtain from being difficult to turn due to excessive rigidity. It also allows the upper and lower heat storage capsule groups to adaptively produce slight swaying and posture adjustments according to the spatial path of different operating sections. Since the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 is formed by splicing multiple heat storage capsule groups and the capsule groups are connected by hinges, it has both chain-like rotation operation capability and curtain-like arrangement and coverage capability. This allows a large heat absorption contact area to be formed in the straight section 131 of the flue pipe 13, and a sufficient liquid immersion or liquid contact heat exchange area to be formed in the heat exchange chamber 24.

[0027] Each heat storage chamber 123 contains a heat storage cavity, within which a metal heat storage block 128 is installed. This heat storage block 128 absorbs heat from the high-temperature flue gas in the heat absorption section 1221 and releases heat to the heat exchange liquid upon its subsequent return to the heat exchange cavity 24. The metal heat storage block 128 can be made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity to improve its heat absorption and release efficiency. A heat insulation sealing part 125 is provided at the top of the heat storage block 128, and a limiting baffle 126 is provided at the top opening of the heat storage chamber 123. The maximum outer diameter of the heat insulation sealing part 125 is smaller than the outer diameter of the heat storage block 128. When the opening of the heat storage chamber 123 faces downwards, under the influence of gravity, the heat storage block 128 exhibits a downward adaptive fitting tendency relative to the heat storage chamber 123, and the heat insulation sealing part 125 seals the entire opening of the heat storage cavity. The limiting stop 126 is used to limit the heat storage block 128 and its top heat insulation sealing part 125, preventing it from detaching from the opening of the heat storage bladder box 123 and ensuring its controlled movement in different postures. Since the heat insulation sealing part 125 can seal the opening of the heat storage chamber when the opening is facing downwards, the heat from the heat storage block 128 is less likely to dissipate quickly from the heat storage chamber opening when the heat storage bladder chain curtain 12 rotates from the unloading area to the external transition path, especially when passing through the second expansion chamber 19 to form the heat insulation section 1223. This creates an automatic heat preservation effect, reducing heat loss during transport. When the posture of the heat storage bladder box 123 changes and enters the open heat exchange section 1222 corresponding to the heat exchange chamber 24, the sealing state between the heat storage block 128 and the heat storage chamber opening can be weakened or even released, allowing the heat exchange liquid to contact the outer surface of the heat storage block 128 more fully, achieving higher efficiency heat release and heat exchange. To further increase the heat exchange area, a heat exchange groove 1281 is provided around the outer circular surface of the heat storage block 128. The heat exchange groove 1281 can increase the contact area between the heat storage block 128 and the flue gas or heat exchange liquid, improve the heat absorption and heat release efficiency, and at the same time, it is also conducive to the formation of turbulence on the surface of the liquid, thereby improving the heat exchange uniformity.

[0028] In this embodiment, a loading cavity 127 is also formed inside the heat storage bladder box 123. The loading cavity 127 and the heat storage cavity form different functional spaces within the same heat storage bladder box 123. The loading cavity 127 is used to receive the crushed waste material as the heat storage bladder box 123 passes through the inside of the feeding cylinder 27 from bottom to top. Specifically, the feeding cylinder 27 is located at the bottom of the first expansion cavity 17. A section of the running path of the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 passes through the feeding cylinder 27 from bottom to top. When the heat storage bladder box 123 runs to this position, the orientation of its loading cavity 127 corresponds to the material falling path inside the feeding cylinder 27, and the crushed waste material enters the loading cavity 127 under its own gravity. As the regenerative capsule chain curtain 12 continues to rotate upwards, the waste material carried in the charging chamber 127 is also conveyed upwards. Upon reaching the area of ​​the exhaust pipe 13, it comes into contact with the high-temperature flue gas and is preheated. When it reaches the unloading position corresponding to the descending section at the top of the furnace body 1, as the regenerative capsule box 123 changes posture, the charging chamber 127 faces the interior of the furnace chamber 20. The waste material can then be automatically unloaded from the charging chamber 127 by gravity and fall into the furnace chamber 20. Therefore, the entire material replenishment process does not require a separate independent lifting and feeding device, nor does it require frequent manual opening of the door for material addition. Instead, it relies on the cyclical rotation of the regenerative capsule chain curtain 12 itself to achieve automatic material handling, conveying, preheating, and unloading, thereby significantly improving operational continuity and reducing temperature fluctuations inside the furnace caused by directly feeding cold material into the furnace chamber 20.

[0029] From the perspective of the entire operation of the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12, a feeding section 1225 is formed at the position where it passes the feeding cylinder 27. In this feeding section 1225, the crushed waste material falls into the loading chamber 127 of the corresponding heat storage capsule box 123 through the feeding cylinder 27. The heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 forms a heat absorption section 1221 at the position where it passes through the flue pipe 13. In this heat absorption section 1221, when the high-temperature flue gas from the furnace chamber 20 flows outward through the flue pipe 13, it continuously contacts the heat storage capsule assembly located in the straight section 131 of the flue pipe 13, so that the heat storage blocks 128 in the heat storage capsule box 123 continuously absorb the heat of the flue gas. At the same time, the crushed waste material in the loading chamber 127 is preheated in this section. Since the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 is in a dynamic rotating state, dust and particles in the flue gas are not easy to adhere and accumulate in the same fixed position for a long time. Therefore, compared with the traditional fixed heat exchange structure, it is not easy to form serious dust accumulation, thereby improving the heat exchange stability. The heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 forms a discharge section 1226 at the top descending section of the furnace body 1. In this discharge section 1226, the crushed waste material, after being preheated by the heat absorption section 1221, travels with the heat storage capsule box 123 to the top of the furnace cavity 20. Then, it automatically tilts into the furnace cavity 20 based on the change in the capsule box's posture, allowing the material to enter the furnace cavity 20 at a higher base temperature, thereby reducing the impact of cold material on the internal temperature field of the furnace cavity 20. The heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 forms a heat preservation section 1223 at the position after passing through the second expansion cavity 19. This area is mainly located on the external transition path before the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 turns downward into the heat exchange box 2 after completing the discharge. At this time, the heat insulation sealing part 125 can seal the opening of the heat storage cavity by means of the center of gravity orientation and the capsule box posture, so that the heat storage block 128 maintains a good heat preservation effect during the transfer from the heat absorption area to the heat exchange area, reducing heat loss in the middle. The heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 forms an open heat exchange section 1222 at the rising section after passing the second guide roller 23. In this section, the posture and running direction of the heat storage capsule 123 change, allowing the heat exchange liquid to fully contact the heat storage block 128 and its outer heat exchange groove 1281, so as to release the remaining heat in the heat storage block 128 into the heat exchange liquid, thereby achieving preheating of the heat exchange liquid. The heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 forms a drainage section 1224 at the descending section after entering the drainage chamber 26. This section is used to allow the residual liquid on the surface of the heat storage capsule 123 after heat exchange is completed to fall back into the drainage chamber 26 naturally after leaving the liquid area, so as to reduce the liquid being carried out with the chain curtain.

[0030] To achieve the recycling of the heat exchange fluid, the heat exchange chamber 24 is filled with a heat exchange fluid. This heat exchange fluid can be water or other liquid media suitable for heat exchange. Its main function is to absorb the heat released by the heat storage block 128 when the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 enters the open heat exchange section 1222, thereby forming a preheated liquid output. The upper part of the heat exchange chamber 24 is provided with an inlet pipe 5, and the bottom part is provided with an outlet pipe 4. Cold liquid or lower temperature liquid can be added to the heat exchange chamber 24 through the inlet pipe 5, and the heat exchange fluid after heating can be discharged through the outlet pipe 4 for subsequent use, thereby realizing heat recovery and output. A drain pipe 3 is provided on the heat exchange box 2 at the position corresponding to the drain chamber 26. The drain pipe 3 is used to discharge or return the residual heat exchange fluid collected in the drain chamber 26, to avoid abnormal accumulation of liquid level in the drain chamber 26, and to ensure the stable operation of the liquid removal function of the drain section 1224. A feeding hopper 6 is provided on the outside of the feeding cylinder 27, and an inclined feeding ramp is provided on the feeding hopper 6. The feeding hopper 6 is connected to the feeding cylinder 27. In this way, the crushed waste material can be added to the feeding hopper 6 from the outside, and then slide naturally into the inside of the feeding cylinder 27 along the feeding ramp, and finally fall into the loading chamber 127 of the heat storage bladder box 123 at an appropriate time. The feeding ramp can make the waste material enter the feeding cylinder 27 more smoothly, reducing blockage and accumulation.

[0031] The working process of this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7As shown, the drive motor 15 drives the drive roller 16 to rotate, thereby driving the entire heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 to continuously rotate counterclockwise between the drive roller 16, the first guide roller 18, the tension roller 11, the second guide roller 23, and the third guide roller 25. During the rotation, the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 first passes through the feeding section 1225. That is, when the heat storage capsule box 123 passes through the feeding cylinder 27 from bottom to top, the crushed waste material added from the external feeding hopper 6 enters the feeding cylinder 27 along the feeding ramp, and further falls into the corresponding loading chamber 127 in each heat storage capsule box 123, thereby completing the automatic feeding. After loading, the regenerating capsule chain curtain 12 continues to move upwards and enters the heat absorption section 1221 within the exhaust pipe 13. In this heat absorption section 1221, the high-temperature flue gas generated in the furnace chamber 20 is discharged outwards along the exhaust pipe 13 and continuously contacts the regenerating capsule chain curtain 12, causing the heat storage blocks 128 in the regenerating capsule box 123 to absorb the heat from the flue gas. Simultaneously, the crushed waste material carried in the loading chamber 127 also receives heat radiation and conduction during this process, thus ensuring that the crushed waste material has a high base temperature before entering the furnace chamber 20. Therefore, during subsequent unloading, the preheated crushed waste material entering the furnace chamber 20 reduces the impact of directly feeding cold material onto the internal temperature field of the furnace chamber 20, reduces heat loss inside the furnace, and helps improve the melting efficiency of the material and the overall smelting efficiency. Subsequently, the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 continues to rotate to the unloading section 1226 at the top of the furnace body 1. At this position, as the posture of the heat storage capsule box 123 changes, the loading chamber 127 faces the inside of the furnace chamber 20. The preheated crushed waste is automatically unloaded into the furnace chamber 20 under the action of gravity, thus completing the continuous action of feeding and unloading after preheating. After unloading, the heat storage block 128 in the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 still retains heat that has not been fully released. The chain curtain continues to rotate into the heat insulation section 1223 corresponding to the second expansion chamber 19. During this process, the heat insulation sealing part 125 can cooperate with the center of gravity of the heat storage capsule box 123 to form a seal on the opening of the heat storage chamber, reducing the heat loss of the heat storage block 128 during the transition from the outside of the furnace body 1 to the heat exchange box 2. Subsequently, the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 enters the heat exchange chamber 24 inside the heat exchange box 2, and fully contacts the heat exchange liquid in the open heat exchange section 1222, allowing the remaining heat in the heat storage block 128 to be released into the heat exchange liquid, thereby realizing waste heat recovery and heat exchange liquid preheating. After completing the heat exchange, the heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 then enters the drain section 1224 corresponding to the drain chamber 26, causing the residual heat exchange liquid adhering to the surface of the heat storage capsule box 123 and related structures to fall back and be discharged. Then it continues to rotate back to the feeding section 1225, and so on, so that the entire heat storage capsule chain curtain 12 sequentially completes automatic feeding, flue gas heat absorption, material preheating, top unloading, rotational heat preservation, liquid heat exchange, and draining reset, thereby realizing the integrated continuous operation of furnace waste heat recovery and utilization and automatic material replenishment.

[0032] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions conceived without inventive effort should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. An energy-saving furnace waste heat recovery and utilization device, characterized in that, include: The furnace body (1) has a furnace cavity (20) inside and a furnace operation door (14) on the side. The exhaust pipe (13) is installed on the top of the furnace body (1) to discharge high-temperature flue gas outward; A heat exchange box (2) is installed at the bottom of the furnace body (1); The heat storage capsule chain curtain (12) is installed in a rotary manner on the furnace body (1) and the heat exchange box (2). The heat storage capsule chain curtain (12) passes through the exhaust pipe (13) and is used to absorb the heat of the flue gas in the exhaust pipe (13) before entering the heat exchange box (2) for heat exchange. A charging cylinder (27) is installed inside the furnace body (1). The charging cylinder (27) is located at the bottom of the flue pipe (13). The heat storage capsule chain curtain (12) passes through the charging cylinder (27) from bottom to top. When the heat storage capsule chain curtain (12) rotates counterclockwise, the crushed waste enters the heat storage capsule chain curtain (12), and is then automatically unloaded into the furnace chamber (20) by the rotation of the heat storage capsule chain curtain (12).

2. The energy-saving furnace waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first expansion box (7) is provided on one side of the furnace body (1), and a second expansion box (8) is provided on the other side of the furnace body (1). A straight section (131) is provided on the flue pipe (13), and the straight section (131) extends into the first expansion cavity (17) inside the first expansion box (7). The feeding cylinder (27) is installed at the bottom of the first expansion cavity (17). A second expansion cavity (19) is provided inside the second expansion box (8). The heat storage capsule chain curtain (12) is provided through the straight section (131) of the flue pipe (13).

3. The energy-saving furnace waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A driving mechanism is provided at the top of the furnace body (1) at the position of the first expansion box (7). The driving mechanism includes a driving roller (16) and a driving motor (15) installed on one side of the driving roller (16). A first guide roller (18) is provided at the top of the furnace cavity (20). A tension roller (11) is provided at the top of the furnace body (1) at the position of the second expansion box (8). The two sides of the tension roller (11) are installed between two tension plates (10). The bottom of the tension plates (10) is inserted into a fixed plate (9). A tension spring is installed in the fixed plate (9). The tension spring pushes out the tension plate (10) and the tension roller (11).

4. The energy-saving furnace waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat exchange box (2) is divided into a transition chamber (21), a heat exchange chamber (24) and a drain chamber (26) by a partition (22). The heat exchange chamber (24) is located in the middle of the transition chamber (21) and the drain chamber (26). The heat exchange chamber (24) is provided with a second guide roller (23) at the bottom, and the drain chamber (26) is provided with a third guide roller (25) at the bottom. The heat storage capsule chain curtain (12) passes through the top of the drive roller (16) to the bottom of the first guide roller (18) and is supported and installed outside the tension roller (11). It passes through the second expansion chamber (19) to the bottom of the second guide roller (23) and the third guide roller (25) and then enters the first expansion chamber (17). The entire heat storage capsule chain curtain (12) has a rotary closed structure and is driven by the drive motor (15) to perform a rotary action in the tensioned state.

5. The energy-saving furnace waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat storage capsule chain curtain (12) has an opening slot with a diameter larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat storage capsule chain curtain (12) at the position where it passes through the furnace body (1), the first expansion box (7), the second expansion box (8), the flue pipe (13), the feeding cylinder (27), and the heat exchange box (2). The opening slot is filled with a flexible heat insulation sealing layer. The heat storage capsule chain curtain (12) passes through the flexible heat insulation sealing layer, which is shaped like a square.

6. The energy-saving furnace waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat storage capsule chain curtain (12) is composed of one or more heat storage capsule groups arranged in an up-down manner. Each heat storage capsule group is composed of one or more heat storage capsule boxes (123) arranged side by side at equal intervals. A connecting rod (121) is provided between adjacent heat storage capsule boxes (123). The upper and lower heat storage capsule groups are connected by a hinge rod (122). A connecting bushing (129) is provided at the upper and lower ends of the hinge rod (122). The connecting bushing (129) is rotatably installed on the outside of the connecting rod (121). The hinge rod (122) is broken in the middle and a pin (124) is provided horizontally through it, so that the hinge rod (122) is divided into two sections and can rotate relative to each other along the pin (124).

7. The energy-saving furnace waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each heat storage bladder (123) is provided with a heat storage chamber, and each heat storage chamber is provided with a metal heat storage block (128). The top of the heat storage block (128) is provided with a heat insulation sealing part (125). The top opening of the heat storage bladder is provided with a limiting baffle (126). The maximum outer diameter of the heat insulation sealing part (125) is smaller than the outer diameter of the heat storage block (128). When the opening of the heat storage bladder (123) is facing downward, the heat insulation sealing part (125) seals the entire opening of the heat storage chamber. The outer circumference of the heat storage block (128) is provided with a heat exchange groove (1281).

8. The energy-saving furnace waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat storage bladder (123) also forms a loading chamber (127). When the heat storage bladder (123) passes through the feeding cylinder (27) from bottom to top, the crushed waste material enters the loading chamber (127).

9. The energy-saving furnace waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat storage capsule chain curtain (12) forms a heat absorption section (1221) at the position where it passes through the flue pipe (13), a feeding section (1225) at the position where it passes through the feeding cylinder (27), a heat preservation section (1223) at the position where it passes through the second expansion cavity (19), an open heat exchange section (1222) at the position where it passes through the second guide roller (23) and rises, a discharge section (1224) at the position where it enters the discharge cavity (26), and a discharge section (1226) at the position where it descends from the top of the furnace body (1).

10. The energy-saving furnace waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat exchange chamber (24) is filled with heat exchange liquid. The upper part of the heat exchange chamber (24) is provided with an inlet pipe (5) and the bottom part is provided with an outlet pipe (4). The heat exchange box (2) is provided with a drain pipe (3) corresponding to the drain chamber (26). The outside of the feeding cylinder (27) is provided with a feeding hopper (6). The feeding hopper (6) is provided with an inclined feeding ramp. The feeding hopper (6) is connected to the feeding cylinder (27).

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