An electric vehicle adaptive interrupt power supply external device and control method

Abstract

This invention discloses an adaptive intermittent power supply external device and control method for electric vehicles, belonging to the field of electric vehicle energy-saving control technology. Addressing the problems of high energy consumption during continuous power supply, strong jerking sensation with traditional pulse power supply, and poor adaptability for retrofitting in existing electric vehicles, this invention connects the device in series between the original vehicle's throttle and the motor controller via a universal throttle interface. The signal acquisition module analyzes the user-inputted target speed, and the control module dynamically matches the power supply pulse interval and current amplitude using an adaptive algorithm. The signal is then smoothed by the drive output module before being output to the controller, driving the motor to operate smoothly. This invention requires no modification to the original vehicle structure, is compatible with various types of throttle-controlled electric vehicles, can increase range by 10%-20%, while ensuring smooth driving, and is low-cost, making it suitable for mass production and promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy-saving control technology for electric vehicles. Specifically, it relates to a device and control method that achieves adaptive intermittent power supply through an external module without modifying the original vehicle structure. It is universally applicable to electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric-assist vehicles, electric tricycles, and other electric vehicles that use throttle speed regulation. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing popularity of electric vehicles, range and driving experience have become core indicators of concern for users. Currently, energy-saving and speed-regulation solutions in the industry have the following significant shortcomings: High energy consumption due to continuous power supply: Current electric vehicles use continuous power supply to maintain speed for cruise control and regular speed adjustment. The vehicle's coasting inertia is not fully utilized, resulting in high overall energy consumption and limited room for improvement in range.

[0003] Traditional pulse power supply offers a poor user experience: some intermittent power supply solutions use fixed-frequency on / off pulses, resulting in significant current step surges that can easily cause motor jerking and abnormal noises, severely impacting driving smoothness and failing to balance energy saving and user experience.

[0004] High modification threshold and poor versatility: Most existing energy-saving control solutions require rewriting the original vehicle controller program and modifying the vehicle wiring, which requires professional operation and cannot be installed by users themselves; moreover, most solutions are only compatible with a single vehicle model and cannot be used between electric two-wheelers and three-wheelers.

[0005] Insufficient human-machine collaboration: Some automatic energy-saving devices reduce the user's control over the vehicle and cannot dynamically adjust the power supply strategy according to the user's real-time throttle input, making it difficult to adapt to complex road conditions and personalized driving habits.

[0006] Currently, there is a lack of a low-cost, non-destructive installation, multi-vehicle compatible, and intermittent power supply control solution on the market that can simultaneously balance manual operation and automatic energy-saving effects. Summary of the Invention

[0007] (a) Technical problems to be solved In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is: To address the issues of high energy consumption and short vehicle range in traditional continuous power supply modes, energy consumption is reduced by making full use of the vehicle's gliding inertia through intermittent power replenishment. It solves the problems of jerking and strong impact in traditional pulse-powered motors, achieving energy saving while ensuring smooth driving; It solves the problems of existing energy-saving devices requiring modification of the original vehicle structure, high installation threshold, and limited compatibility with a single vehicle model, and achieves non-destructive external connection, plug and play, and is compatible with mainstream throttle-controlled electric vehicles; The control logic enables human-machine collaboration, fully preserving the user's throttle control priority. The system only adaptively adjusts power supply parameters based on user input and does not replace the user's driving decisions.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution 1. Equipment Technical Solution

[0009] An adaptive intermittent power supply external device for electric vehicles is packaged as an independent external module. It connects in series between the original vehicle's throttle and motor controller via a standard industry-standard throttle interface, requiring no modification to the original vehicle structure. The device includes a signal acquisition module, a control module, a drive output module, and a power supply module. Signal acquisition module: The input end connects to the original vehicle's throttle and is used to acquire the 0-5V analog voltage signal or LIN bus digital signal output by the throttle. After analyzing and processing the signal, the target speed value input by the user is obtained and transmitted to the control module.

[0010] Control module: Electrically connected to the signal acquisition module, with a built-in adaptive power supply algorithm. After receiving the target speed value, it dynamically matches the corresponding power supply parameters: the higher the target speed (the larger the throttle angle), the shorter the power supply pulse interval and the larger the power supply current amplitude; the lower the target speed (the smaller the throttle angle), the longer the power supply pulse interval and the smaller the power supply current amplitude.

[0011] Drive output module: The input end is connected to the control module, and the output end is connected to the original vehicle motor controller. It has a built-in smooth buffer circuit, which converts the step pulse signal output by the control module into a smooth current waveform and then forwards it to the original vehicle motor controller to drive the motor to run smoothly.

[0012] Power module: Provides power to all modules in the device. It supports powering from the original vehicle's throttle signal line and also supports external 12V / 24V independent battery power supply. The overall power consumption of the device is ≤5W.

[0013] Furthermore, the universal throttle interface adopts any one of the following: 3-pin plug, 2-3 wire plug, male-female plug, or aircraft plug, which is compatible with the industry-standard throttle wiring specifications for electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric-assist vehicles, and electric tricycles. 2. Control Methods and Technical Solutions

[0014] An adaptive intermittent power supply control method for electric vehicles, applied to the aforementioned external device, includes the following steps: S1 Signal Acquisition and Analysis: Real-time acquisition of the speed control signal output from the original vehicle's throttle, filtering and analyzing the analog / digital signals to obtain the user-inputted target speed; S2 Adaptive Parameter Matching: Inputting the target speed into an adaptive algorithm to match the corresponding power supply pulse interval and current amplitude: the higher the target speed, the shorter the power supply interval and the larger the power supply current are set; the lower the target speed, the longer the power supply interval and the smaller the power supply current are set; S3 Current Smoothing and Buffering: Smoothing the generated pulse power supply signal, eliminating step impacts through a gradually rising and falling current waveform to avoid motor jerking; S4 Drive Output and Motor Operation: Outputting the processed stable power supply signal to the original vehicle's motor controller to control the motor to operate according to the corresponding parameters, realizing the coordinated control of "user throttle speed control + system automatic intermittent power replenishment"; S5 Cyclic state judgment: Real-time detection of throttle input status and vehicle running status. If the user maintains throttle input and continuous power supply is required, return to step S1 and dynamically update the target speed and power supply parameters; if the user releases the throttle, the vehicle stops, or no power supply is required, end the power supply process and the device enters standby mode.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S2, the adaptive algorithm can adjust the power supply parameters based on the real-time speed fluctuations of the vehicle. When the vehicle speed drops by more than a threshold, it automatically shortens the power supply interval and replenishes power to increase speed. When the vehicle speed is higher than the target value, it automatically lengthens the interval and uses inertial gliding to maintain a stable vehicle speed.

[0016] (III) Core Innovation Points Non-destructive external connection, universal for multiple vehicle models: It adopts a universal throttle interface for serial installation, without the need to modify the original vehicle wiring, controller and vehicle structure. Users can plug and play it themselves; it is also compatible with mainstream throttle-controlled electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric-assist vehicles and electric tricycles, with strong adaptability.

[0017] Human-machine collaboration and adaptive control: The system fully preserves the user's throttle control priority and does not interfere with the user's driving decisions. It only dynamically adjusts the power supply rhythm based on the user's real-time target speed input. Compared with the fixed-frequency intermittent power supply solution, the adaptability and driving experience are greatly improved.

[0018] Smooth pulses, energy saving and no jerking: The buffer circuit transforms the harsh on / off pulses into smooth current waveforms, which not only reduces energy consumption by utilizing intermittent power supply, but also completely eliminates the motor impact and abnormal noise problems of traditional pulse solutions. While increasing the range by 10%-20%, the driving smoothness is not significantly different from that of continuous power supply.

[0019] Low-cost modular design: The core circuit can be implemented using low-cost analog devices or general-purpose microcontrollers. The overall structure is simple, with fewer components, and the production and assembly are easy, making it suitable for large-scale mass production and promotion.

[0020] (iv) Beneficial effects Significant energy-saving effect: Compared with the traditional cruise control mode with continuous power supply, it can increase the vehicle's range by 10%-20%, make full use of the vehicle's coasting inertia, reduce ineffective energy consumption, and reduce the frequency of user charging.

[0021] Easy to install and use: Non-destructive external design, no professional modification knowledge required, users can complete the installation and disassembly themselves, without affecting the original vehicle warranty, and it is compatible with most throttle-controlled electric vehicles on the market.

[0022] Excellent driving experience: The smooth current processing technology completely solves the jerking problem of traditional intermittent power supply, and the motor runs smoothly without impact or extra noise, balancing energy saving and driving comfort.

[0023] Protecting vehicle components: A smooth current output can reduce the wear and tear on the motor, controller, and battery caused by current surges, thus extending the service life of the vehicle's core electrical components to some extent.

[0024] Low mass production cost: Modular and streamlined design, universal and readily available components, low overall BOM cost, suitable for mass production and market launch, with extremely high cost performance and commercial promotion value. Attached Figure Description Figure 1 is a system structure block diagram of the adaptive intermittent power supply external device for electric vehicles of the present invention, showing the composition and signal flow of each functional module inside the device, as well as the connection relationship with the original vehicle throttle and motor controller. Figure 2 is a flowchart of the adaptive intermittent power supply control method for electric vehicles of the present invention, showing the complete control steps from signal acquisition, parameter calculation, smoothing processing to drive output and cyclic judgment. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation and connection of the external device of the present invention, showing the non-destructive installation structure of the device connected in series between the original vehicle throttle and the original vehicle motor controller.

Claims

1. An adaptive intermittent power supply external device for electric vehicles, connected in series between the original throttle and the original motor controller of the electric vehicle, wherein the electric vehicle includes an electric bicycle, an electric motorcycle, an electric-assist vehicle, and an electric tricycle, the device comprising a signal acquisition module for acquiring throttle signals, a control module for outputting control signals, a drive output module for transmitting drive signals to the controller, and a power supply module for supplying power to the device, characterized in that: The device is packaged as an independent external module, which is connected in series between the original vehicle's throttle and the original vehicle's motor controller via an industry-standard throttle interface, without requiring any modification to the original vehicle structure. The signal acquisition module is used to acquire the 0-5V analog voltage signal or LIN bus digital signal output from the original vehicle's throttle and analyze it to obtain the user-input target speed. The control module has a built-in adaptive power supply algorithm, which is used to dynamically match power supply parameters according to the target speed: the higher the target speed, the shorter the power supply interval and the larger the power supply current. The lower the target speed, the longer the power supply interval and the smaller the power supply current; the drive output module includes a smoothing buffer circuit, which is used to smooth the pulse power supply signal output by the control module before outputting it to the original vehicle motor controller, so that the drive motor can run smoothly.

2. The adaptive intermittent power supply external device for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal acquisition module uses a linear Hall sensor or voltage sampling circuit, and is compatible with the input acquisition of analog signals and digital bus signals.

3. The adaptive intermittent power supply external device for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module uses a microcontroller or integrated analog computing circuit. The operation logic of the adaptive power supply algorithm is to dynamically adjust the interval duration and current amplitude of the power supply pulse based on the target speed and real-time speed fluctuations.

4. The adaptive intermittent power supply external device for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive output module includes a MOS transistor drive circuit and an RC buffer network, which are used to convert the step pulse signal into a smooth current waveform output to eliminate motor jerking.

5. The adaptive intermittent power supply external device for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The universal throttle interface adopts any one of the following: 3-pin plug, 2-3 wire plug, male-female plug, or aircraft plug, which is compatible with the universal throttle wiring specifications in the electric vehicle industry.

6. The adaptive intermittent power supply external device for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power module is powered by either the original vehicle's throttle signal cable or an external independent battery, and the overall power consumption of the device is ≤5W.

7. An adaptive intermittent power supply control method for electric vehicles, applied to the external device described in any one of claims 1-6, wherein the electric vehicle includes an electric bicycle, an electric motorcycle, an electric-assisted vehicle, and an electric tricycle, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Signal Acquisition: Real-time acquisition of the speed control signal output from the original throttle of the electric vehicle, and parsing to obtain the user-inputted target speed; S2. Adaptive Calculation: Based on the target speed, the corresponding power supply parameters are matched through an adaptive algorithm. The higher the target speed, the shorter the power supply interval and the larger the power supply current are set; the lower the target speed, the longer the power supply interval and the smaller the power supply current are set; S3. Smoothing Processing: Current smoothing buffering is performed on the matched pulse power supply signal to eliminate current step impact; S4. Drive Output: The processed stable power supply signal is output to the original vehicle motor controller to drive the motor; S5. Loop Judgment: The throttle input status is detected in real time. If continuous power supply is required, the process returns to step S1 to dynamically adjust the parameters; if power supply is stopped, the process ends.

8. The adaptive intermittent power supply control method for electric vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that, The speed control signals acquired in step S1 include 0-5V analog voltage signals and LIN bus digital signals.

9. The adaptive intermittent power supply control method for electric vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S2, the adaptive algorithm simultaneously adjusts the power supply parameters based on the vehicle's real-time speed fluctuations to maintain a stable vehicle speed.

10. The adaptive intermittent power supply control method for electric vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S3, the RC buffer network is used to achieve a smooth rise and fall of the current, so as to avoid the motor from jerking and making abnormal noise.

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