Optical optimization device for automatic optical inspection (AOI) process detection of PWB plate

Abstract

The utility model discloses an optical optimization device for the AOI process detection of a PWB (Pulse Width Bank), which comprises the following steps of: firstly, ensuring that a sensing element, a lens, an annular fiber and an annular reflecting plate in a traditional form are assembled together according to a set sequence and a set position relation to form a complete optical path; in the technical scheme, particularly, an adjusting mechanism is arranged on a light path between the lens and the annular fiber. The adjusting mechanism is provided with at least three linear freedom degrees arranged in an annular array mode, and the linear freedom degrees are connected with the annular fibers in a universal angle modulation mode and adjust the annular fibers. According to the utility model, through the built-in adjusting mechanism and the optimized optical path design, the dependence on an external position adjusting mechanism (such as an X-Y linear module) is reduced. The system structure is simplified, and the overall complexity and the manufacturing cost are reduced. And external mechanisms are reduced, so that the space occupation of the whole AOI optical detection device is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of PWB production and preparation, in particular to an optical optimization device for AOI process detection of PWB boards. Background Art

[0002] AOI, or automatic optical inspection, is an extremely important process in the PWB (printed circuit board) production line. This process mainly uses high-resolution cameras and precision optical systems to capture images of components on PWB boards at high speed and accuracy, and uses advanced image processing technology to automatically detect and identify defects, misplacements, omissions, and other problems on the board.

[0003] AOI technology plays a key role in quality control in PWB board production. It can complete a large number of inspection tasks in a short time, and has higher accuracy and efficiency than traditional manual inspection. AOI technology can not only detect physical defects such as missing components and misalignment, but also detect potential electrical connection problems such as short circuits and open circuits through image analysis.

[0004] like Figure 7 The structure of the traditional AOI optical inspection device shown in the figure is an optical path system composed of a sensor, a lens, an optical fiber, a ring fiber and a ring reflector. Its working principle is as follows:

[0005] The sensor is the core component of the detection device, which is responsible for capturing the image on the PWB board. The lens plays the role of focusing and adjusting the field of view to ensure that the sensor can obtain a clear and accurate image. The optical fiber plays the role of transmitting light signals in this system. The light emitted by the light source is transmitted to the annular fiber through the optical fiber, and then the annular fiber evenly disperses the light onto the annular reflector. The annular reflector is responsible for reflecting the light onto the PWB board, so that the components and circuit details on the board can be fully illuminated.

[0006] When the PWB passes through this optical system, the sensor captures the image of the board and transmits the image data to the computer for processing. The image processing software processes the image through a series of algorithms to identify and detect defects and errors on the board.

[0007] The advantage of the whole system is that it avoids the damage and errors that may be caused by traditional mechanical inspection through non-contact inspection. However, the limitations of this traditional AOI optical inspection device in terms of mechanical structure are:

[0008] The annular fiber is a relatively rigid structure, and the straight optical path may be directly reflected back to the sensor at certain angles. The traditional solution is to further introduce a position adjustment mechanism (such as an XY linear module) outside the above-mentioned AOI optical detection device to avoid this situation by adjusting the position. However, the introduction of external mechanisms will undoubtedly increase the redundancy of the AOI optical detection device; if the optical path of the AOI optical detection device can be directly optimized, the introduction of external mechanisms can be avoided and the redundancy of the mechanism can be reduced.

[0009] To this end, the utility model proposes an optical optimization device for AOI process detection of PWB boards. Utility Model Content

[0010] In view of this, the embodiment of the utility model hopes to provide an optical optimization device for AOI process detection of PWB boards to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art, that is, how to directly optimize the optical path of the AOI optical detection device to avoid introducing external mechanisms, and at least provide a beneficial option for this;

[0011] The technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model is implemented as follows: when implementing the optical optimization device for detecting the PWB board by AOI process, first ensure that the conventional sensor 3, lens 2, annular fiber 4 and annular reflector 5 are assembled together in a predetermined order and positional relationship to form a complete optical path. In the technical solution, in particular, an adjustment mechanism 6 is provided on the optical path between the lens 2 and the annular fiber 4. The adjustment mechanism 6 has at least three linear degrees of freedom arranged in the form of an annular array, and these linear degrees of freedom are connected and adjusted to the annular fiber 4 in a universal angle modulation manner.

[0012] When all linear degrees of freedom perform different lengths of stroke output, the ring fiber 4 can achieve uniform reflection of the light source to any target area on the target PWB board. The size of this universal angle modulation is precisely controlled to ensure that there is a straight optical path directly between the sensor 3 and the PWB board, thereby avoiding any possible optical path interference or reflection problems.

[0013] In one embodiment, the optical optimization device is further integrated into a housing 1 to improve the stability and portability of the overall structure. The housing 1 serves as a protective and supporting structure, and the sensor 3 and the lens 2 are installed inside to ensure that they are not disturbed by the external environment during operation.

[0014] An adjustment mechanism 6 is installed at the front of the housing 1. This design enables the adjustment mechanism 6 to interact with the outside world conveniently while maintaining connection with the internal optical components. A second housing 7 is provided at the front of the adjustment mechanism 6. This housing provides a stable working environment for the annular fiber 4 and the annular reflector 5. In the second housing 7, the annular fiber 4 and the annular reflector 5 are precisely installed and positioned to ensure that they can accurately perform the tasks of optical modulation and guiding light.

[0015] Through this design, the entire optical optimization device is not only compact and easy to carry, but also can maintain a high degree of stability and reliability during use. In addition, since all key components are installed in the housing 1 and the second housing 7, the impact of external environmental factors (such as dust, vibration, etc.) on the detection performance is greatly reduced.

[0016] In one embodiment, the adjustment mechanism 6 is a key part of the optical optimization device, which is responsible for achieving precise angle and position modulation of the annular fiber 4. In a specific embodiment, the adjustment mechanism 6 includes a first housing 601, and a certain distance is maintained between the front of the first housing 601 and the second housing 7 to ensure that the two do not contact each other. This design helps to reduce mechanical interference and potential wear, while providing sufficient space for the linear actuator 605 to move.

[0017] A plurality of linear actuators 605 are arranged in a circular array outside the first housing 601. These linear actuators 605 are core components of the adjustment mechanism 6 and are responsible for outputting linear degrees of freedom to achieve precise control of the annular fiber 4. Each linear actuator 605 is connected to the annular fiber 4 and changes the angle and position of the annular fiber 4 by adjusting its stroke.

[0018] In one embodiment, the linear actuator assembly 605 uses a servo electric cylinder 6051 as a power source and actuator. The servo electric cylinder 6051 is a high-precision linear motion device with advantages such as fast response speed, accurate positioning, and stable thrust, and is very suitable for precise angle and position modulation of the annular fiber 4.

[0019] The cylinder body and piston rod of the servo electric cylinder 6051 are universally articulated with the first housing 601 and the opposite side of the annular fiber 4 through different universal joint couplings 6052. This design enables the servo electric cylinder 6051 to move flexibly in multiple directions, thereby achieving all-round control of the annular fiber 4. At the same time, the universal joint coupling 6052 can also effectively transmit thrust and torque, ensuring that the output of the servo electric cylinder 6051 can accurately act on the annular fiber 4.

[0020] In particular, the piston rod of the servo electric cylinder 6051 is also universally articulated with the second housing 7 via a universal joint coupling 6052. This design further enhances the stability and reliability of the entire adjustment mechanism 6, while also providing more solid support and positioning for the annular fiber 4.

[0021] In one embodiment, the flexible inner sleeve 603 is designed to have a certain flexibility and elasticity, so that it can adapt to the slight displacement or deformation of the annular fiber 4 caused by the adjustment mechanism 6 without affecting the optical path. At the same time, its closed and seamless form ensures the integrity and purity of the optical path, preventing any external impurities or light from entering and interfering with the internal optical elements.

[0022] In one embodiment, a fiber layer made of the same material as the annular fiber 4 is installed on the inner wall of the flexible inner sleeve 603. This fiber layer is tightly attached to the inner wall of the flexible inner sleeve 603, covering the entire optical path. Since it is made of the same material as the annular fiber 4, it has good matching properties with the annular fiber 4 in terms of optical and mechanical properties. Such a design can not only reduce the loss of light during transmission and improve the efficiency of light utilization, but also help maintain the stability and accuracy of the optical path.

[0023] In one embodiment, the light source is an optical fiber 602, and its interface is arranged outside the first shell 601. Such a design is convenient for connection with an external light source device, and is also convenient for maintenance and replacement of the optical fiber 602. The optical fiber 602 passes through the inner wall of the first shell 601 from the interface, and is arranged in the fiber layer in the flexible inner sleeve 603. By embedding the optical fiber 602 into the fiber layer of the flexible inner sleeve 603, it can be ensured that the light will not leak or be interfered with by the outside during the transmission process. At the same time, since the fiber layer and the annular fiber 4 are made of the same material, the light emitted by the optical fiber 602 can be seamlessly connected with the annular fiber 4 to maintain the continuity and stability of the optical path.

[0024] In one embodiment, the sensor 3 is any one of an optical grating transducer, a photoelectric sensor / micro sensor, a CCD sensor (charge coupling diode) or a CMOS sensor (complementary metal oxide semiconductor).

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0026] 1. Streamlined and integrated design: This utility model reduces the reliance on external position adjustment mechanisms (such as XY linear modules) through built-in adjustment mechanisms and optimized optical path design. It not only simplifies the system structure, but also reduces the overall complexity and manufacturing cost. Moreover, due to the reduction of external mechanisms, the space occupied by the entire AOI optical inspection device is reduced, which is conducive to achieving a more compact equipment layout of the AOI process inspection station.

[0027] 2. Optical path optimization and stability improvement: The utility model introduces design elements such as annular fibers, flexible inner sleeves and fiber layers. The optical path not only maintains the continuity of traditional technology during the entire transmission process, but also reduces the frequency of optical path alignment and calibration through universal angle adjustment, thereby reducing equipment maintenance requirements and operating costs.

[0028] 3. Flexibility and scalability: Using optical fiber as a light source makes the transmission of optical signals more flexible and efficient. The interface design of the optical fiber facilitates the connection with external light source equipment, and also provides convenience for future light source upgrades or replacements. Moreover, due to the flexibility of the optical path design, the technology of this utility model can easily adapt to different detection needs and scenarios, and has strong scalability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram from one perspective of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram from another perspective of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the housing, the lens and the sensor of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the utility model after the flexible outer sleeve is removed;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connection between the second shell, the annular fiber and the annular reflector of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 7It is a planar cross-sectional view of the traditional AOI process detection structure.

[0037] Figure numerals: 1, housing; 2, lens; 3, sensor; 4, annular fiber; 5, annular reflector; 6, adjustment mechanism; 601, first housing; 602, optical fiber; 603, flexible inner sleeve; 604, flexible outer sleeve; 605, linear actuator; 6051, servo cylinder; 6052, universal joint coupling; 7, second housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the utility model. However, the utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the utility model. Therefore, the utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below;

[0039] Example:

[0040] In the prior art, in order to solve the possible deviation or interference in the optical path, a position adjustment mechanism, such as an XY linear module, is usually introduced outside the AOI optical inspection device. These external mechanisms physically adjust the position of the device to ensure the accuracy of optical path alignment and inspection. However, this approach not only increases the complexity of the entire system, but also increases redundancy because additional control and calibration steps are required to maintain precise position. For this purpose, please refer to Figure 1-6 , this embodiment will provide relevant technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:

[0041] The optical optimization device for AOI process detection of PWB board comprises a sensor 3 for AOI process detection and a lens 2, a ring fiber 4 for optical modulation and a ring reflector 5 for guiding light, which are arranged in sequence in front of the sensor 3 to form a complete optical path, and is characterized in that: an adjustment mechanism 6 is arranged on the optical path between the lens 2 and the ring fiber 4, and the adjustment mechanism 6 has at least three linear degrees of freedom arranged in the form of a ring array, and the linear degrees of freedom are connected and adjusted to the ring fiber 4 for universal angle modulation;

[0042] When all linear degrees of freedom perform different lengths of stroke output, the annular fiber 4 realizes uniform reflection of the light source to any target area on the target PWB board and within the universal angle modulation area. The size of the universal angle modulation also needs to ensure that there is a straight optical path directly between the sensor 3 and the PWB board.

[0043] Specifically: The design principle of the optical optimization device is based on optical modulation and precise optical path control. The shape and position of the ring fiber 4 as an optical modulation element can be precisely adjusted by the adjustment mechanism 6. The adjustment mechanism 6 adopts the linear freedom of the ring array arrangement, so that the ring fiber 4 can achieve flexible angle modulation in multiple directions.

[0044] When the linear degrees of freedom perform different lengths of stroke output, they work together on the annular fiber 4 to reflect the light from the light source onto the PWB board at a specific angle and position. This reflection process must ensure that the light can be evenly and accurately irradiated to the target area of ​​the PWB board. At the same time, by controlling the size of the universal angle modulation, it can be ensured that a straight optical path is maintained between the sensor 3 and the PWB board, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the detection process.

[0045] Specifically: all electrical components of the device as a whole rely on AC power for energy supply; specifically, the electrical components of the device as a whole are conventionally electrically connected to the AC power output port through devices such as relays, transformers and button panels to meet the energy supply requirements of all electrical components of the device.

[0046] Specifically: A controller is also provided on the outside of the device, which is used to connect and control all electrical components of the device as a whole to be driven according to a pre-set program as a preset value and a driving mode; it should be pointed out that the above-mentioned driving mode corresponds to the corresponding start and stop time intervals, speed, power and other output parameters between the relevant electrical components below, that is, it meets the requirements of the relevant electrical components below to drive the relevant mechanical devices to operate according to the functions described therein.

[0047] It can be understood that in this embodiment: the optical optimization device plays a vital role in the AOI process detection of the PWB board. By introducing the combination of the adjustment mechanism 6 and the annular fiber 4, the device achieves precise control and optimization of the optical path. This optimization not only ensures that the light can be evenly irradiated to the target area of ​​the PWB board, improving the accuracy and consistency of the detection, but also avoids the redundancy of the external position adjustment mechanism required in the traditional method. In addition, the design of the device also ensures that there is a straight optical path directly between the sensor 3 and the PWB board, which helps to reduce interference and reflection in the optical path, further improving the stability and reliability of the detection.

[0048] In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 And 6: It also includes a casing 1, in which a sensor 3 and a lens 2 are installed, an adjustment mechanism 6 is installed at the front of the casing 1, a second shell 7 is provided at the front of the adjustment mechanism 6, and an annular fiber 4 and an annular reflector 5 are installed in the second shell 7.

[0049] Specifically: The working principle of the optical optimization device is basically the same as that described above. The ring fiber 4 is still used as an optical modulation element, and the angle and position are precisely adjusted by the adjustment mechanism 6. The difference is that now these elements are integrated in a closed housing 1, which helps to reduce the impact of the external environment on the optical performance.

[0050] It can be understood that in this embodiment: by introducing the design of the housing 1 and the second housing 7, the implementation further enhances the functionality and practicality of the optical optimization device. First, the housing 1 provides protection for the sensor 3 and the lens 2 to prevent them from being damaged during transportation or use. At the same time, the housing 1 also plays a supporting and fixing role to ensure that these components can maintain a stable position and posture during operation. Secondly, the adjustment mechanism 6 is installed at the front of the housing 1, which allows the user to adjust and operate conveniently. Through the adjustment mechanism 6, the user can accurately control the angle and position of the annular fiber 4, thereby achieving precise control of the optical path. This design greatly improves the flexibility and accuracy of detection. Finally, the second housing 7 provides a stable working environment for the annular fiber 4 and the annular reflector 5. This helps to reduce the interference of the external environment on these components, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the detection. At the same time, since all key components are integrated in a closed system, the maintenance and maintenance of the equipment are greatly simplified.

[0051] In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, please refer to Figures 4 and 5 : The adjustment mechanism 6 includes a first shell 601, the front of the first shell 601 does not contact the second shell 7 and leaves a sufficient distance, and the outer annular array of the first shell 601 is arranged with linear actuator components 605 for outputting linear freedom, and the linear actuator components 605 are connected to the annular fiber 4.

[0052] Specifically: The working principle of the adjustment mechanism 6 is based on precise mechanical control and optical modulation. When the angle and position of the annular fiber 4 need to be adjusted, the control system sends instructions to the linear actuator 605 and controls to ensure that the annular fiber 4 can accurately reach the required position and posture.

[0053] After receiving the command, the linear actuator 605 will perform the corresponding linear motion. Since they are arranged in the form of an annular array outside the first housing 601, the annular fiber 4 can be controlled in multiple directions at the same time. This design not only improves the flexibility of control, but also ensures the accuracy and stability of control.

[0054] It can be understood that in this embodiment: the adjustment mechanism 6 plays a vital role in the optical optimization device. First, it realizes the precise control of the annular fiber 4, which is the key to ensure the accuracy of the optical path. By adjusting the angle and position of the annular fiber 4, the reflection direction and distribution of the light can be adjusted, thereby ensuring that the light can be evenly irradiated onto the PWB board. At the same time, the design of the adjustment mechanism 6 fully considers mechanical stability and reliability. The non-contact design between the first shell 601 and the second shell 7 reduces the possibility of mechanical wear and interference and prolongs the service life of the equipment. At the same time, the linear actuator 605 arranged in an annular array provides powerful control capabilities and redundancy, and even if some components fail, the stability and reliability of the overall control can be guaranteed. Finally, the adjustment mechanism 6 also has the advantages of easy maintenance and debugging. Due to its clear structure and modular design of components, it can be easily disassembled and assembled when a failure occurs or maintenance is required. At the same time, the control system also provides a wealth of debugging interfaces and parameter setting options, making the debugging process more convenient and efficient.

[0055] It should be pointed out that the aforementioned “size of the universal angle modulation must also ensure that there is a straight optical path directly between the sensor 3 and the PWB board” is because when the flexible outer sleeve 604 described later is bent due to the universal angle adjustment, if a relative straight path can be maintained between the sensor 3 and the PWB board, it means that the optical path can ensure that the light source can be normally reflected to the sensor 3 and detected.

[0056] In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, please refer to Figures 4 and 5 The linear actuator assembly 605 includes a servo electric cylinder 6051, the cylinder body and the piston rod of the servo electric cylinder 6051 are respectively and universally hinged to the first housing 601 and the opposite side of the annular fiber 4 through different universal joint couplings 6052, wherein the piston rod of the servo electric cylinder 6051 is universally hinged to the second housing 7 through the universal joint coupling 6052.

[0057] Specifically: The working principle of the linear actuator assembly 605 is mainly based on the linear motion of the servo electric cylinder 6051 and the flexible transmission of the universal joint coupling 6052. When the controller sends an instruction to the servo electric cylinder 6051, the servo electric cylinder 6051 will perform the corresponding linear motion according to the instruction requirements. This motion is transmitted to the annular fiber 4 through the universal joint coupling 6052, thereby realizing the angle and position modulation of the annular fiber 4.

[0058] Since the universal joint coupling 6052 has the ability to rotate with multiple degrees of freedom, it can ensure that the output of the servo electric cylinder 6051 can be accurately and flexibly transmitted to the annular fiber 4. At the same time, since the second housing 7 also provides support and positioning for the annular fiber 4, the entire adjustment process is more stable and reliable.

[0059] It can be understood that in this embodiment: the linear actuator 605 plays a vital role in the optical optimization device. First, through the precise control of the servo electric cylinder 6051, the linear actuator 605 can achieve precise angle and position modulation of the annular fiber 4. This modulation capability is crucial to ensure the accuracy and stability of the optical path, and can effectively improve the accuracy and efficiency of PWB board detection. Secondly, the design of the universal joint coupling 6052 makes the linear actuator 605 more flexible and adaptable. Regardless of the angle or position adjustment required for the annular fiber 4, the universal joint coupling 6052 can ensure that the output of the servo electric cylinder 6051 can be accurately and flexibly transmitted to the annular fiber 4. This design greatly improves the availability and reliability of the entire adjustment mechanism 6. Finally, by universally articulating the piston rod of the servo electric cylinder 6051 with the second housing 7, the stability and reliability of the entire adjustment mechanism 6 are further enhanced. This design enables the entire mechanism to have better resistance when subjected to external interference or impact, thereby ensuring the continuity and stability of PWB board detection.

[0060] It should be pointed out that in the above scheme: the form of at least three servo electric cylinders 6051 and their universal joint couplings 6052 is essentially equivalent to a parallel mechanism; for those skilled in the art, a conventional parallel mechanism can be used to store preset programs using a PID controller algorithm, thereby realizing the universal angle adjustment function according to corresponding time steps.

[0061] In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, please refer to Figures 4 and 5 A flexible inner sleeve 603 is connected between the annular fiber 4 and the first shell 601 , and the inner side wall of the closed and seamless flexible inner sleeve 603 maintains the optical path between the annular fiber 4 and the lens 2 .

[0062] Specifically: The main function of the flexible inner sleeve 603 is to provide a protective barrier to isolate the optical path between the annular fiber 4 and the lens 2 from the external environment. Since it adopts a closed and seamless design, it can effectively prevent external dust, moisture or other contaminants from entering the optical path, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of the detection.

[0063] In addition, the flexible inner sleeve 603 also has a certain shock absorption and buffering effect. When the adjustment mechanism 6 adjusts the annular fiber 4, the flexible inner sleeve 603 can absorb part of the mechanical vibration and impact, reducing the impact of these adverse factors on the optical path.

[0064] It can be understood that in this embodiment: the flexible inner sleeve 603 plays multiple roles in the optical optimization device. First, it protects the integrity and purity of the optical path and improves the accuracy and stability of the detection. Secondly, it enhances the mechanical stability of the entire device and reduces the impact of external interference on the internal optical components. Finally, its flexible and elastic design makes the device more adaptable and reliable when dealing with small displacements or deformations. Through these functions, the flexible inner sleeve 603 provides a more stable, reliable and efficient optical environment for AOI process detection of PWB boards.

[0065] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism 6 includes a flexible outer sleeve 604 , which is sleeved between the housing 1 and the second housing 7 to cover the linear actuator 605 .

[0066] Preferably, the flexible outer sleeve 604 and the flexible inner sleeve 603 are made of flexible silicone or rubber, which can bend when subjected to force and return to their original shape when not subjected to force.

[0067] In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, please refer to Figures 4 and 5 The inner wall of the flexible inner sleeve 603 is provided with a fiber layer made of the same material as the annular fiber 4. The fiber layer is tightly attached to the inner wall of the flexible inner sleeve 603 and covers the entire optical path. Since it is made of the same material as the annular fiber 4, it has good matching properties with the annular fiber 4 in terms of optical and mechanical properties. Such a design can not only reduce the loss of light during transmission and improve the efficiency of light utilization, but also help maintain the stability and accuracy of the optical path.

[0068] Specifically, the fiber layer of the same material has a similar refractive index and reflection characteristics as the annular fiber 4 in optics, which helps to reduce the reflection and scattering loss of light when it propagates between two different materials. In addition, due to the presence of the fiber layer, the inner wall surface of the flexible inner sleeve 603 becomes smoother and more uniform, further reducing the scattering and interference of light during transmission.

[0069] It can be understood that in this embodiment: this fiber layer made of the same material as the annular fiber 4 plays multiple roles in the optical optimization device. First, it enhances the protective effect of the flexible inner sleeve 603 on the optical path, preventing external contaminants or mechanical damage from affecting the optical path. Secondly, it improves the efficiency of light utilization and reduces the loss of light during transmission, thereby improving the sensitivity and accuracy of detection. Finally, its presence also helps to maintain the stability and accuracy of the optical path, providing a more reliable optical environment for AOI process detection of PWB boards. Through these improvement measures, the performance of the entire optical optimization device has been significantly improved.

[0070] It should be pointed out that the aforementioned "if a relative straight path can be maintained between the sensor 3 and the PWB board, it means that the optical path can ensure that the light source can be normally reflected to the sensor 3 and detected", in the above technical solution of this embodiment, there is a mechanism that can be further optimized: First of all, it should be clear that light will be reflected or refracted at the junction of two different media (such as air and fiber layer). When light is emitted from one medium into another medium, if it encounters an interface (such as the surface of the fiber layer) and the incident angle is greater than or equal to the critical angle, the light will be totally reflected, that is, all the light is reflected back to the original medium instead of entering another medium. And because the fiber layer has the same material as the annular fiber 4, it has the same refractive index characteristics as the annular fiber 4. This means that when light is emitted from air (low refractive index medium) into the fiber layer (high refractive index medium), it will be reflected. When the flexible outer sleeve 604 is bent, the light inside the fiber layer will be totally reflected when it encounters the interface of the bent part due to the change in the incident angle and the high refractive index characteristics of the fiber layer. Therefore, this total reflection phenomenon enables light to be transmitted along a curved path inside the fiber layer without leaking into the external environment. Therefore, even if the flexible outer sleeve 604 is bent, the light can still be kept on the predetermined path through the internal reflection of the fiber layer and finally arrive at the sensing element 3 for detection.

[0071] In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, please refer to Figures 4 and 5 : The light source is an optical fiber 602, the interface of the optical fiber 602 is arranged outside the first shell 601, the optical fiber 602 passes through the inner wall of the first shell 601 and is arranged in the fiber layer in the flexible inner sleeve 603.

[0072] Specifically: The working principle of optical fiber 602 is based on the reflection phenomenon of light. When light enters from one end of the optical fiber, it will be reflected between the core layer and the cladding of the optical fiber, and thus transmitted along the length direction of the optical fiber. In this process, the intensity and direction of the light are maintained, so efficient and stable light transmission can be achieved. In the optical optimization device, the function of optical fiber 602 is to transmit the optical signal of the external light source to the annular fiber 4 and the fiber layer. Through the precise control of the adjustment mechanism 6, the annular fiber 4 can distribute these optical signals to the lens 2 according to the predetermined angle and position, thereby achieving high-precision detection of the PWB board.

[0073] It should be noted that the working principle of optical fiber 602 is based on the reflection phenomenon of light. Through total reflection between the core layer and the cladding, light can be efficiently transmitted along the length of the optical fiber. There are several installation options for it and the fiber layer:

[0074] 1) Embedded connection: The optical fiber 602 can be embedded inside the fiber layer so that the outer cladding of the optical fiber is in direct contact with the fiber layer material. This method requires a channel or hole matching the diameter of the optical fiber to be reserved in the fiber layer. After embedding, the end of the optical fiber can be exposed from the fiber layer so as to be connected to a device (such as the sensor 3) that needs to receive the optical signal.

[0075] 2) Surface-attached connection: The optical fiber 602 can also be attached along the surface of the fiber layer. In this way, the optical fiber does not penetrate the fiber layer but is parallel to its surface. Adhesives or fixings are used to ensure that the optical fiber is stably attached to the fiber layer while keeping the transmission performance of the optical fiber unaffected.

[0076] 3) Sleeve-type connection: The optical fiber 602 can be inserted into a sleeve slightly larger than the diameter of the optical fiber, and the sleeve is then embedded or fixed in the fiber layer. This method facilitates the replacement and maintenance of the optical fiber, and also protects the optical fiber from the influence of the external environment.

[0077] 4) End-face connection: The end of the optical fiber 602 can be connected flush with a specific end face of the fiber layer to ensure that light can be smoothly transmitted from the optical fiber to the fiber layer, or reflected from the fiber layer back to the optical fiber. This connection requires the use of high-precision connection technology to ensure the stability of the connection and the accuracy of the optical path.

[0078] It can be understood that in this embodiment: the optical fiber 602 plays a vital role in the optical optimization device. First, as a transmission medium of the light source, it can efficiently and stably transmit the optical signal of the external light source to the inside of the device. Secondly, by combining with the fiber layer in the flexible inner sleeve 603, the optical fiber 602 ensures the continuity and stability of the optical path, and improves the accuracy and reliability of the detection. Finally, the interface design of the optical fiber 602 is outside the first shell 601, making the connection with the external light source device more convenient and flexible. These functions together provide an efficient and stable optical environment for AOI process detection of PWB boards.

[0079] Preferably, as shown in FIG4 , there are multiple optical fibers 602 , which are evenly arranged in the fiber layer in the form of a ring array.

[0080] In the technical solution provided in this embodiment: the sensor 3 is any one of the following types of sensors:

[0081] (1) Optical Grating Transducer: An optical grating transducer is a sensor that uses the diffraction and interference principle of a grating to detect the displacement or shape change of an object. In an optical optimization device, an optical grating transducer can be used to accurately measure the tiny displacement or deformation of a PWB board, thereby providing high-precision detection data.

[0082] (2) Photoelectric Sensor / Micro Sensor: A photoelectric converter is a sensor that can convert light signals into electrical signals. It usually includes a photosensitive element and a signal processing circuit, and can be used to detect parameters such as light intensity, color, and direction. In an optical optimization device, a photoelectric converter can be used to detect light reflected or transmitted from the surface of a PWB board, thereby obtaining information about the surface quality or internal structure of the PWB board.

[0083] (3) CCD sensor (Charge Coupling Diode): CCD sensor is a sensor widely used in the field of image acquisition and processing. It can convert light signals into charge signals and output them as electrical signals through charge transfer and amplification processes. In the optical optimization device, the CCD sensor can be used to capture the image of the PWB board and extract the required detection information through subsequent image processing algorithms.

[0084] (4) CMOS sensor (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor): CMOS sensor is an image sensor based on complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology. Compared with CCD sensors, CMOS sensors have lower power consumption, higher integration and lower manufacturing costs. In optical optimization devices, CMOS sensors can also be used to capture images of PWB boards and provide high-resolution and high-sensitivity detection capabilities.

[0085] It should be pointed out that the technical solution provided in this embodiment only involves the structural optimization of the traditional technology, and does not design the algorithm optimization of the above-mentioned sensor 3. Therefore, when this embodiment implements the traditional AOI detection technology, for any form of the above-mentioned sensor 3, the traditional (existing) and corresponding image processing and detection algorithm can be used.

[0086] In summary, in view of the related problems in the traditional technology, this specific embodiment is based on the optical optimization device for AOI process detection of PWB boards provided above, and adopts the following technical means or features to achieve the solution:

[0087] (1) Solution:

[0088] (1.1) Built-in adjustment mechanism 6: An adjustment mechanism 6 is integrated inside the AOI optical inspection device, allowing the optical path itself to perform universal angle modulation without relying on an external position adjustment mechanism.

[0089] (1.2) Optimized optical path design: The use of ring-shaped fibers and fiber layers can reduce the loss and interference of optical signals while maintaining the continuity and stability of the optical path. This improves the accuracy and reliability of detection.

[0090] (2) How to solve the problems of traditional technology:

[0091] (2.1) Reducing external dependence: Due to the built-in adjustment mechanism 6 and the optimized optical path design, the technical solution of this embodiment reduces the dependence on the external position adjustment mechanism, reduces the redundancy of the system, and simplifies the control and calibration steps.

[0092] (2.2) Improving optical path stability: Through optical path optimization and precise control of built-in mechanisms, the technical solution of this embodiment can maintain the stability and continuity of the optical path and provide reliable detection results even in complex detection environments.

[0093] (2.3) Enhanced system flexibility: Using optical fiber as a light source and combining it with a fiber layer enables the technical solution of this embodiment to be more flexible to adapt to different detection requirements, thereby improving the adaptability and scalability of the entire system.

[0094] The above-mentioned embodiments only express the implementation methods of the relevant practical applications of the utility model, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, and these all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model patent shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. An optical optimization device for AOI process detection of PWB boards, comprising a sensor (3) for AOI process detection, a lens (2) arranged in sequence in front of the sensor (3) to form a complete optical path, a ring fiber (4) for optical modulation, and a ring reflector (5) for guiding light, characterized in that: An adjustment mechanism (6) is provided on the optical path between the lens (2) and the annular fiber (4), the adjustment mechanism (6) having at least three linear degrees of freedom arranged in an annular array, the linear degrees of freedom being connected to and adjusted on the annular fiber (4) to perform universal angle modulation; When all the linear degrees of freedom execute stroke outputs of different lengths, the annular fiber (4) realizes uniform reflection of the light from the light source to any target area on the target PWB board and within the universal angle modulation area.

2. The optical optimization device for AOI process inspection of PWB boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a casing (1), wherein the sensor (3) and the lens (2) are installed in the casing (1), the adjustment mechanism (6) is installed at the front of the casing (1), a second shell (7) is provided at the front of the adjustment mechanism (6), and the annular fiber (4) and the annular reflection plate (5) are installed in the second shell (7).

3. The optical optimization device for AOI process inspection of PWB boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating mechanism (6) comprises a first shell (601), and linear actuator components (605) for outputting the linear degree of freedom are arranged in an annular array outside the first shell (601), and the linear actuator components (605) are connected to the annular fiber (4).

4. The optical optimization device for AOI process inspection of PWB boards according to claim 3, characterized in that: The linear actuator assembly (605) comprises a servo electric cylinder (6051), the cylinder body and piston rod of the servo electric cylinder (6051) being respectively and universally hinged to the first housing (601) and the opposite side of the annular fiber (4) via a universal joint coupling (6052).

5. The optical optimization device for AOI process inspection of PWB boards according to claim 3, characterized in that: A flexible inner sleeve (603) is connected between the annular fiber (4) and the first shell (601), and the inner side wall of the closed and seamless flexible inner sleeve (603) maintains the optical path between the annular fiber (4) and the lens (2).

6. The optical optimization device for AOI process inspection of PWB boards according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the flexible inner sleeve (603) is provided with a fiber layer made of the same material as the annular fiber (4).

7. The optical optimization device for AOI process inspection of PWB boards according to claim 5, characterized in that: The light source is an optical fiber (602), an interface of the optical fiber (602) is arranged outside the first shell (601), and the optical fiber (602) passes through the inner wall of the first shell (601) and is arranged in the flexible inner sleeve (603).

8. The optical optimization device for AOI process inspection of PWB boards according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The sensor (3) is any one of a grating sensor, a photoelectric converter, a CCD sensor or a CMOS sensor.

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