Laminated body, battery and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology. The utility model discloses a laminated body. The laminated body comprises an insulating layer, a high-temperature-resistant layer, a flame-retardant bonding layer and a barrier permeation layer, the high-temperature-resistant layers are arranged on the two sides of the insulating layer; the flame-retardant bonding layer is arranged between the high-temperature-resistant layer and the insulating layer; the blocking and transmitting layer is arranged on the side, away from the insulating layer, of the high-temperature-resistant layer, the transmittance of the blocking and transmitting layer to light with the wave band of 200-400 nm is smaller than or equal to 8%, and the transmittance of the blocking and transmitting layer to light with the wave band of 750-2500 nm is larger than or equal to 50%. The utility model also discloses a battery. The utility model also discloses a photovoltaic module. The laminated body disclosed by the utility model is good in high temperature resistance, high in ultraviolet rejection rate, good in fireproof and flame-retardant effects and relatively high in safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular relates to a laminate, a battery and a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] With the development of batteries and photovoltaic modules, the performance requirements for packaging materials are getting higher and higher. Batteries and photovoltaic modules need to have ultra-high temperature resistance, UV aging resistance, flame retardancy and fire resistance. The packaging materials in related technologies have poor high temperature resistance, UV aging resistance and fire resistance. The poor high temperature resistance and fire retardancy of packaging materials will cause high-temperature combustion of batteries or photovoltaic modules, causing safety hazards. The poor UV aging resistance of packaging materials will seriously affect the service life of photovoltaic modules or batteries. Utility Model Content

[0003] The embodiment of the present application provides a laminated body, which has good high temperature resistance, high UV blocking rate, good fire retardant effect, and high safety.

[0004] An embodiment of the present application provides a stacked body, which includes an insulating layer, a high-temperature resistant layer, a flame-retardant adhesive layer and a barrier transmission layer; the high-temperature resistant layer is arranged on both sides of the insulating layer; the flame-retardant adhesive layer is arranged between the high-temperature resistant layer and the insulating layer; the barrier transmission layer is arranged on the side of the high-temperature resistant layer away from the insulating layer, and the transmittance of the barrier transmission layer to light in the 200-400nm band is less than or equal to 8%, and the transmittance of the barrier transmission layer to light in the 750-2500nm band is greater than or equal to 50%.

[0005] Furthermore, the transmission-blocking layer is a colored acrylic resin layer or a colored fluorocarbon resin layer.

[0006] Furthermore, the degree of crosslinking of the permeation barrier layer is greater than or equal to 90%.

[0007] Furthermore, the melting point of the high temperature resistant layer is greater than or equal to 300°C.

[0008] Furthermore, the high temperature resistant layer is one of a polyetheretherketone layer, a polysulfone layer, a polyimide layer, a polyarylate layer or a polyphenylene sulfide layer; and the thickness of the high temperature resistant layer is 10-50 μm.

[0009] Furthermore, the flame retardant adhesive layer is one of a polyurethane flame retardant resin layer, an epoxy flame retardant resin layer, a silicone flame retardant resin layer or an acrylic flame retardant resin layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the electrical insulation strength of the insulating layer is greater than or equal to 7V / μm, and the melting point of the insulating layer is greater than or equal to 150°C.

[0011] Furthermore, the thickness of the insulating layer is 75-275 μm.

[0012] An embodiment of the present application also provides a battery, which includes any of the above-mentioned stacked bodies.

[0013] An embodiment of the present application also provides a photovoltaic module, which includes any of the above-mentioned laminates.

[0014] The laminate of the present application is achieved by arranging a flame retardant adhesive layer, a high temperature resistant layer and a barrier transmission layer on the outer layer of the insulating layer, so that the laminate can have high temperature resistance, UV aging resistance and flame retardant and fireproof properties at the same time, and has good packaging performance and safety. The film in the present application has high infrared transmittance and better heat dissipation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a stacked body in one embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a battery in one embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a photovoltaic module in one embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the laminate in Comparative Example 1;

[0019] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the laminate in Comparative Example 2.

[0020] In the figure: a laminate 100, an insulating layer 11, a high temperature resistant layer 12, a flame retardant adhesive layer 13, a barrier layer 14, a battery 200, a battery cell 21, and a housing 22; a photovoltaic module 300, a front substrate 31, a front adhesive film 32, a battery cell layer 33, a rear adhesive film 34, and a rear substrate 35. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the specific implementation manner of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the implementation manner of the present application.

[0022] The present application embodiment provides a Figure 1The laminate 100 shown can be used to encapsulate photovoltaic modules and batteries. The laminate 100 includes an insulating layer 11, a high temperature resistant layer 12, a flame retardant adhesive layer 13 and a barrier layer 14. The insulating layer 11 has good electrical insulation performance and can improve the insulation of the laminate 100. The high temperature resistant layer 12 is arranged on both sides of the insulating layer 11. The high temperature resistant layer 12 has high high temperature resistance. At a high temperature, the high temperature resistant layer 12 can still have good mechanical strength and mechanical properties, and can protect the insulating layer 11. The high temperature resistant layer 12 can also improve the protection ability of the laminate 100, so that the laminate 100 can better protect the battery and photovoltaic module, and improve the reliability of the laminate 100. The high temperature resistant layer 12 also has a high melting point and can withstand high temperature mutations in a short period of time. The high temperature resistant layer 12 has good high temperature deformation resistance, so that the laminate 100 is not easy to deform under high temperature environment, can protect the insulating layer 11, and improve the high temperature resistance of the laminate 100. The flame retardant adhesive layer 13 is arranged between the high temperature resistant layer 12 and the insulating layer 11. The flame retardant adhesive layer 13 is arranged on both sides of the insulating layer 11. The flame retardant adhesive layer 13 has good viscosity, which can improve the bonding ability between the insulating layer 11 and the high temperature resistant layer 12, and improve the stability of the structure of the stack 100. The flame retardant adhesive layer 13 has the function of flame retardancy and self-extinguishing. When combustion occurs, it can prevent the flame from spreading, and improve the fire retardant performance of the stack 100. The flame retardant adhesive layer 13 is arranged on both sides of the insulating layer 11, which can prevent the external fire from spreading to the inside of the battery or photovoltaic module. The flame retardant adhesive layer 13 is arranged on both sides of the insulating layer 11, which can also prevent the fire from spreading further when combustion occurs inside the battery or photovoltaic module, and improve the safety of the stack 100. The barrier layer 14 is distributed on both sides of the insulating layer 11 and is arranged on the side of the high temperature resistant layer 12 away from the insulating layer 11. The transmittance of the blocking and transmitting layer 14 to light in the 200-400nm band is less than or equal to 8%, and the transmittance of the blocking and transmitting layer 14 to light in the 750-2500nm band is greater than or equal to 50%. The blocking and transmitting layer 14 has good resistance to ultraviolet aging and ultraviolet blocking capabilities, can block ultraviolet light, protect the internal structure of the stack 100 and the parts covered by the stack 100, and improve the ultraviolet aging resistance of the stack 100 and the parts covered by the stack 100. The blocking and transmitting layer 14 also has a high infrared transmittance, can transmit infrared light well, and the internal infrared band can pass more through the blocking and transmitting layer 14, so that the heat inside the stack 100 is more dissipated, and the heat dissipation capacity of the stack 100 is improved. The stack 100 in the embodiment of the present application stacks different layers in a specific structure, so that both sides of the stack 100 have high temperature resistance, ultraviolet aging resistance and flame retardant properties, thereby improving the safety and service life of the stack 100. The laminate 100 is flame retardant and can block ultraviolet light, and can protect the covered components, thereby extending the service life of the components covered by the laminate.

[0023] As an optional embodiment, the barrier layer 14 is a colored acrylic resin layer or a colored fluorocarbon resin layer. The acrylic resin layer has good weather resistance and chemical stability, and has strong UV resistance, and is not easy to powder and fall off. The fluorocarbon resin layer has good corrosion resistance and strong adhesion. The colored acrylic resin layer and the colored fluorocarbon resin layer can effectively block ultraviolet light and transmit infrared light on the basis of ensuring that the acrylic resin layer and the fluorocarbon resin layer have good weather resistance and corrosion resistance, thereby improving the ultraviolet blocking performance and weather resistance of the stack 100, enhancing the protection ability of the stack 100, and extending the service life of the stack 100. The cross-linking degree of the barrier layer 14 is greater than or equal to 90%, which can improve the weather resistance of the barrier layer 14 and improve the service life of the stack 100.

[0024] As an optional embodiment, the melting point of the high temperature resistant layer 12 is greater than or equal to 300°C, which can enable the high temperature resistant layer 12 to maintain good mechanical properties at temperatures below 300°C, provide stable support for the stack 100, and improve the shape stability of the stack 100 at high temperatures.

[0025] As an optional embodiment, the high temperature resistant layer 12 can be made of special engineering plastics. Preferably, the high temperature resistant layer 12 may include at least one of a polyetheretherketone layer (PEEK), a polysulfone layer (PSK), a polyimide layer (PI), a polyarylate layer (PAR) or a polyphenylene sulfide layer (PPS). Special engineering plastics have good high temperature resistance and mechanical properties. Among them, the polyetheretherketone layer has excellent wear resistance, heat resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, and has good flame retardancy, which can improve the high temperature resistance and fire retardant properties of the stack 100. The polysulfone layer has excellent mechanical properties, high strength, high hardness, and good heat resistance and moisture resistance, which can improve the mechanical properties of the stack 100. The polyimide layer and the polyarylate layer have lower hygroscopicity and high dimensional stability. The polyphenylene sulfide layer has excellent corrosion resistance. The aforementioned materials all have good high temperature resistance, and a suitable high temperature resistant layer 12 can be selected according to specific needs and use environment.

[0026] As an optional embodiment, the thickness of the high temperature resistant layer 12 is 10-50 μm. Increasing the thickness of the high temperature resistant layer 12 can improve the mechanical properties and high temperature deformation resistance of the high temperature resistant layer 12, but the increase in the thickness of the high temperature resistant layer 12 will also make the stack 100 thicker as a whole. When the thickness of the high temperature resistant layer 12 is 10-50 μm, the high temperature resistant layer 12 is relatively thin and has good mechanical properties and high temperature deformation resistance.

[0027] As an optional embodiment, the flame retardant adhesive layer 13 can be a flame retardant resin layer. Preferably, the flame retardant adhesive layer 13 includes at least one of a polyurethane flame retardant resin layer, an epoxy flame retardant resin layer, a silicone flame retardant resin layer or an acrylic flame retardant resin layer. These resin layers themselves have certain high temperature resistance and good self-extinguishing properties, which can effectively prevent the spread of fire and improve the fire retardant ability of the laminate 100. The flame retardant resin layer can be made of the corresponding resin plus a flame retardant commonly used in the art. The aforementioned resin also has good adhesion and can improve the structural stability of the laminate 100.

[0028] As an optional embodiment, the electrical insulation strength of the insulating layer 11 is greater than or equal to 7V / μm, and the melting point of the insulating layer 11 is greater than or equal to 150°C. The electrical insulation strength of the insulating layer 11 is greater than or equal to 7V / μm, and has good insulation performance. When encapsulating photovoltaic modules or batteries, it can prevent the insulating layer 11 from being broken down, and prevent the battery cells in the battery or photovoltaic module from contacting with external metals to cause short circuits. Further preferably, the electrical insulation strength of the insulating layer 11 is greater than or equal to 10V / μm. The melting point of the insulating layer 11 is greater than or equal to 150°C, which can improve the high temperature resistance and safety of the stack 100.

[0029] As an optional embodiment, the insulating layer 11 may include at least one of a biaxially oriented polyester layer (BOPET), a biaxially oriented polypropylene layer (BOPP), a polyamide layer (PA) or a polycarbonate layer (PC). The biaxially oriented polyester layer and the biaxially oriented polypropylene layer have high mechanical strength and electrical insulation, and have a certain heat resistance, which can further improve the heat resistance and insulation properties of the laminate 100. The polyamide layer has good insulation, impact resistance and toughness, and has a certain heat resistance, which can improve the insulation and reliability of the laminate 100. The polycarbonate layer has excellent mechanical properties and electrical insulation, and has a certain self-extinguishing property. In actual use, a suitable insulating layer 11 can be selected according to specific needs and use environment. As an optional embodiment, the thickness of the insulating layer 11 is 75-275μm. The thickness of the insulating layer 11 increases, the insulating performance of the insulating layer 11 is good, it can provide better insulation capacity, and can prevent the battery from contacting the water vapor barrier layer, thereby improving the safety of the laminate 100. The insulating layer 11 should not be too thick. If the thickness of the insulating layer 11 increases, the overall thickness of the laminate 100 will increase, which does not meet the demand for thinness. When the thickness of the insulating layer 11 is 75-275 μm, the insulating layer 11 is relatively thin and has good insulation performance.

[0030] The present application embodiment provides a Figure 2The battery 200 shown in the figure includes a battery cell 21 and a shell 22. The shell 22 can be a conventional battery shell or a soft packaging film (such as an aluminum-plastic film, etc.). The laminate 100 in the present application can be used as a packaging material for the aluminum-plastic film or replace the nylon layer in the aluminum-plastic film, and can also be directly used for the shell 22. The laminate 100 has the properties of ultra-high temperature resistance, ultraviolet aging resistance, flame retardancy and fire resistance, has good reliability, and can improve the service life and safety of the battery.

[0031] The present application embodiment provides a Figure 3 The photovoltaic module 300 shown in the figure comprises a front substrate 31, a front adhesive film 32, a cell layer 33, a rear adhesive film 34 and a rear substrate 35 which are stacked in sequence. The laminate 100 can be used for the rear adhesive film 34 or the rear substrate 35 of the photovoltaic module 300. It can also be used as an insulating strip, insulating tape or repair tape of the photovoltaic module 300. The laminate 100 has the properties of ultra-high temperature resistance, UV aging resistance, flame retardancy and fire resistance, has good reliability, and can improve the service life and safety of the photovoltaic module.

[0032] The present application is further described below in conjunction with embodiments, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the embodiments.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, a laminate 100 includes a barrier layer 14, a high temperature resistant layer 12, a flame retardant adhesive layer 13, an insulating layer 11, a flame retardant adhesive layer 13, a high temperature resistant layer 12 and a barrier layer 14 in sequence.

[0035] The blocking and transmission layer 14 is a colored acrylic resin layer, the light transmittance of the blocking and transmission layer 14 to the light in the 200-400nm band is 1%, the light transmittance of the blocking and transmission layer 14 to the light in the 750-2500nm band is 88%, and the crosslinking degree of the blocking and transmission layer 14 is 93%;

[0036] The high temperature resistant layer 12 is a polyetheretherketone layer, the melting point of the high temperature resistant layer 12 is 330° C., and the thickness of the high temperature resistant layer 12 is 30 μm;

[0037] The flame retardant adhesive layer 13 is a polyurethane flame retardant resin layer;

[0038] The insulating layer 11 is a biaxially stretched polyester layer, the electrical insulation strength of the insulating layer 11 is 100 kV / cm, the melting point of the insulating layer 11 is 255° C., and the thickness of the insulating layer 11 is 175 μm.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] like Figure 1As shown, a laminate 100 includes a barrier layer 14, a high temperature resistant layer 12, a flame retardant adhesive layer 13, an insulating layer 11, a flame retardant adhesive layer 13, a high temperature resistant layer 12 and a barrier layer 14 in sequence.

[0041] The blocking layer 14 is a colored fluorocarbon resin layer, the light transmittance of the blocking layer 14 to the light in the 200-400nm band is 0.5%, the light transmittance of the blocking layer 14 to the light in the 750-2500nm band is 85%, and the crosslinking degree of the blocking layer is 95%;

[0042] The high temperature resistant layer 12 is a polysulfone layer, the melting point of the high temperature resistant layer 12 is 280° C., and the thickness of the high temperature resistant layer 12 is 30 μm;

[0043] The flame retardant adhesive layer 13 is an epoxy flame retardant resin layer;

[0044] The insulating layer 11 is a biaxially oriented polypropylene layer, the electrical insulation strength of the insulating layer 11 is 70 kV / cm, the melting point of the insulating layer 11 is 168° C., and the thickness of the insulating layer 11 is 90 μm.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] Except for the following technical features, the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0047] The thickness of the high temperature resistant layer 12 is 10 μm.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] Except for the following technical features, the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0050] The thickness of the high temperature resistant layer 12 is 50 μm.

[0051] Example 5

[0052] Except for the following technical features, the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0053] The thickness of the high temperature resistant layer 12 is 60 μm.

[0054] Example 6

[0055] Except for the following technical features, the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0056] The thickness of the insulating layer 11 is 75 μm.

[0057] Example 7

[0058] Except for the following technical features, the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0059] The thickness of the insulating layer 11 is 275 μm.

[0060] Example 8

[0061] Except for the following technical features, the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0062] The thickness of the insulating layer 11 is 300 μm.

[0063] Example 9

[0064] Except for the following technical features, the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0065] The degree of crosslinking of the permeation barrier layer 14 is 80%.

[0066] Comparative Example 1

[0067] like Figure 4 As shown, a laminate 100 includes a high temperature resistant layer 12, a flame retardant adhesive layer 13, an insulating layer 11, a flame retardant adhesive layer 13 and a high temperature resistant layer 12 in sequence.

[0068] The high temperature resistant layer 12 is a polyetheretherketone layer, the melting point of the high temperature resistant layer 12 is 335° C., and the thickness of the high temperature resistant layer 12 is 30 μm;

[0069] The flame retardant adhesive layer 13 is a polyurethane flame retardant resin layer;

[0070] The insulating layer 11 is a biaxially stretched polyester layer, the electrical insulation strength of the insulating layer 11 is 110 kV / cm, the melting point of the insulating layer 11 is 255° C., and the thickness of the insulating layer 11 is 175 μm.

[0071] Comparative Example 2

[0072] like Figure 5 As shown, a laminate 100 includes a barrier layer 14, a flame retardant adhesive layer 13, an insulating layer 11, a flame retardant adhesive layer 13 and a barrier layer 14 in sequence.

[0073] The blocking and transmission layer 14 is a colored acrylic resin layer, the light transmittance of the blocking and transmission layer 14 to the light in the 200-400nm band is 5%, the light transmittance of the blocking and transmission layer 14 to the light in the 750-2500nm band is 60%, and the crosslinking degree of the blocking and transmission layer 14 is 75%;

[0074] The flame retardant adhesive layer 13 is a polyurethane flame retardant resin layer;

[0075] The insulating layer 11 is a biaxially stretched polyester layer, the electrical insulation strength of the insulating layer 11 is 105 kV / cm, the melting point of the insulating layer 11 is 255° C., and the thickness of the insulating layer 11 is 175 μm.

[0076] 1. Performance test:

[0077] The above embodiments and comparative examples were subjected to performance tests.

[0078] UV cut-off rate: The standard refers to the determination of light transmittance and haze of transparent plastics GB / T 2410-2008, the test range is 280-380nm, cut-off rate = 100% - light transmittance.

[0079] Xenon lamp UV aging: Use xenon lamp UV aging tester, refer to GB / T16422.2 standard.

[0080] Relative Temperature Index (RTI): RTI is a specific temperature value at which the original value of the material's properties drops to half after 6,000-20,000 hours. The higher the RTI value, the higher the grade of the material. The standard refers to the UL746B standard to determine the relative temperature index (RTI) of the material.

[0081] Surface flammability test: Use a radiant panel flame spread tester, the standard is based on ASTM E 162.

[0082] Insulation performance: Tested using a breakdown voltage tester in accordance with ASTM D 149.

[0083] 2. Performance test results:

[0084] The performance test results of the above embodiments and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.

[0085] Table 1: Test results of embodiments and comparative examples

[0086]

[0087] As can be seen from the table, compared with Examples 1-9, Comparative Example 1 does not have a barrier layer, has a very low UV cutoff rate, and has poor UV aging resistance. Compared with Examples 1-9, Comparative Example 2 does not have a high temperature resistant layer, the laminate does not pass the surface flammability test, and the UV cutoff rate and UV aging resistance are both reduced, indicating that the synergistic effect between different layers can make the laminate have better UV aging resistance and other properties. The laminates in Examples 1-9 have high temperature resistance, UV aging resistance, and flame retardant properties, and have good packaging performance and safety.

[0088] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all these improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to this application.

Claims

1. A laminate, characterized in that: include: Insulation layer; A high temperature resistant layer, the high temperature resistant layer being arranged on both sides of the insulating layer; A flame retardant adhesive layer, the flame retardant adhesive layer is provided between the high temperature resistant layer and the insulating layer; The blocking and transmission layer is arranged on the side of the high temperature resistant layer away from the insulating layer, the transmittance of the blocking and transmission layer to light in the 200-400nm band is less than or equal to 8%, and the transmittance of the blocking and transmission layer to light in the 750-2500nm band is greater than or equal to 50%.

2. The laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The barrier layer is a colored acrylic resin layer or a colored fluorocarbon resin layer.

3. The laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crosslinking degree of the barrier layer is greater than or equal to 90%.

4. The laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The melting point of the high temperature resistant layer is greater than or equal to 300°C.

5. The laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high temperature resistant layer is one of a polyetheretherketone layer, a polysulfone layer, a polyimide layer, a polyarylate layer or a polyphenylene sulfide layer; The thickness of the high temperature resistant layer is 10-50 μm.

6. The laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant adhesive layer is one of a polyurethane flame retardant resin layer, an epoxy flame retardant resin layer, a silicone flame retardant resin layer or an acrylic flame retardant resin layer.

7. The laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical insulation strength of the insulating layer is greater than or equal to 7V / μm, and the melting point of the insulating layer is greater than or equal to 150°C.

8. The laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the insulating layer is 75-275 μm.

9. A battery, characterized in that: include: The battery comprises the stacked body according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: The photovoltaic module comprises the laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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