Radio frequency transmitting device, quantum computing measurement and control system and quantum computer
By adopting a multi-layer circuit board structure and shielding cover design in superconducting quantum computers, the problem of channel isolation deterioration caused by coupling between RF signal lines is solved, and optimized isolation between RF channels is achieved, reducing system complexity and cost .
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420779929.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-16
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-16
AI Technical Summary
In existing superconducting quantum computers, as the number of bits increases, the complexity, volume and cost of RF channels increase, resulting in mutual coupling between RF signal lines, resulting in deterioration of the isolation between channels, which cannot meet the needs of quantum computing measurement and control systems.
Using a multi-layer circuit board structure, adjacent RF signal lines are set on different circuit layers and connected through shielding covers and fixed holes to reduce spatial radiation and signal interference of RF signal lines, and use coplanar waveguide transmission lines and microstrips. Lines to reduce spatial radiation of RF signals, and add equalizers, filters and other components to the RF module to optimize signal transmission.
The isolation between radio frequency channels is effectively optimized, the mutual coupling between radio frequency signal lines is reduced, the isolation capability of radio frequency channels is improved, the needs of quantum computing measurement and control systems are met, and the system volume and cost are reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN222167628U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of quantum computing technology, and in particular to a radio frequency transmitting device, a quantum computing measurement and control system, and a quantum computer. Background Art
[0002] Superconducting quantum computers need to use radio frequency signals to manipulate quantum bits, and the number of radio frequency channels required is proportional to the number of quantum bits. As the number of bits in quantum computers increases to hundreds, thousands, tens of thousands, or even more channels, the number of radio frequency channels required also increases accordingly. In the early days, the radio frequency channels used by superconducting computers were based on superheterodyne or IQ (In-phase / Quadrature) mixing architectures, which could meet the control needs of quantum bits. However, the radio frequency transmission channel structure of the superheterodyne or IQ mixing architecture is complex, large, and costly. As the number of bits increases, the required radio frequency transmission system will also be very complex, large, and costly.
[0003] In order to integrate more RF channels within a certain area, the width and length of each channel need to be as small as possible, and the distance between adjacent channels needs to be as small as possible. However, this also causes mutual coupling between RF signal lines that are very close to each other, resulting in deteriorated isolation between channels, so that the isolation between RF channels cannot meet the actual needs of quantum computing measurement and control systems. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a radio frequency transmitting device, a quantum computing measurement and control system and a quantum computer, which are used to solve the problem in the prior art that mutual coupling between closely spaced radio frequency signal lines can lead to deterioration of isolation between channels.
[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a radio frequency transmitting device, comprising:
[0006] A board having multiple circuit layers;
[0007] A plurality of radio frequency modules are arranged on the board, each of the radio frequency modules is connected to a radio frequency signal line to form a radio frequency channel, and the radio frequency signal lines of two adjacent radio frequency channels are arranged on different circuit layers.
[0008] Optionally, the radio frequency signal line includes a coplanar waveguide transmission line.
[0009] Optionally, a gap between the radio frequency signal line and a ground plane of the circuit layer where the radio frequency signal line is located is smaller than a first preset distance.
[0010] Optionally, a shielding cover is further included, and a plurality of corresponding fixing holes are provided on the board and the shielding cover, and the fixing holes are used for fixing the shielding cover and the board.
[0011] Optionally, a plurality of shielding cavities are provided in the shielding cover, and the shielding cavities correspond to the positions of the RF channels one by one to isolate the RF modules of the RF channels.
[0012] Optionally, the shielding cover is provided with a plurality of grooves, each of the grooves is provided with a hole, the hole is used for a radio frequency connector to pass through, and the distance between a joint of the radio frequency connector and an edge of the groove is less than a second preset distance.
[0013] Optionally, each of the RF modules is connected to a power chip.
[0014] Optionally, each of the RF modules includes an equalizer, a first filter, an amplifier, and a second filter that are electrically connected in sequence.
[0015] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also proposes a quantum computing measurement and control system, including a radio frequency transmitting device described in any one of the above-mentioned feature descriptions, through which radio frequency signals are transmitted.
[0016] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also proposes a quantum computer, comprising a quantum computing measurement and control system and a quantum chip described in any one of the above-mentioned feature descriptions, wherein the quantum chip performs quantum operations based on the radio frequency signal output by the quantum computing measurement and control system.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:
[0018] The present application provides a radio frequency transmitting device, comprising: a board card, the board card having multiple circuit layers; a plurality of radio frequency modules, arranged on the board card, each of the radio frequency modules is connected to a radio frequency signal line to form a radio frequency channel, and the radio frequency signal lines of two adjacent radio frequency channels are arranged on different circuit layers. The present application adopts a layered arrangement of radio frequency signal lines, so that the radio frequency signal lines on adjacent radio frequency channels are in different circuit layers, preventing the space distance between adjacent radio frequency signal lines from being too close, thereby optimizing the isolation between adjacent radio frequency channels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a board of a radio frequency transmitting device proposed in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the interior of a shielding cover of a radio frequency transmitting device proposed in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exterior of a shielding cover of a radio frequency transmitting device proposed in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0022] Figure 4A schematic diagram of a radio frequency module of a radio frequency transmitting device proposed in an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the schematic diagram. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in exact proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.
[0024] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
[0025] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0026] Reference Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a radio frequency transmitting device is proposed for this application, including:
[0027] A board 1, wherein the board 1 has multiple circuit layers;
[0028] A plurality of RF modules 2 are arranged on the board 1, each of the RF modules 2 is connected to a RF signal line 3 to form a RF channel 4, and the RF signal lines 3 of two adjacent RF channels 4 are arranged on different circuit layers.
[0029] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of RF modules 2 are arranged on the board 1, and each of the RF modules 2 is connected to a RF signal line 3 to form a RF channel 4. In order to integrate more RF channels 4 within a certain area, the width and length of each channel need to be as small as possible, and the distance between adjacent RF channels 4 should be as small as possible. However, this also causes mutual coupling between RF signal lines 3 that are very close to each other, resulting in deterioration of isolation between channels, so that the isolation between RF channels 4 cannot meet the actual needs of the quantum computing measurement and control system. In order to avoid mutual coupling between RF signal lines 3 that are very close to each other, we set the board 2 to have a structure with multiple circuit layers, and set the RF signal lines 3 of two adjacent RF channels 4 on different circuit layers, so as to avoid mutual coupling between RF signal lines 3 that are very close to each other, thereby achieving optimization. The effect of isolation between adjacent RF channels. For example, the number of RF channels 4 is 3, and the first RF channel 4 is adjacent to the first RF channel, and the second RF channel 4 is adjacent to the third RF channel. At this time, when designing the position of the RF signal line 3, the RF signal line 3 of the first RF channel 4 can be set on the first layer, the RF signal line 3 of the second RF channel 4 can be set on the second layer, and the RF signal line 3 of the third RF channel 4 can be set on the third layer; the RF signal line 3 of the first RF channel 4 can also be set on the first layer, the RF signal line 3 of the second RF channel 4 can be set on the second layer, and the RF signal line 3 of the third RF channel 4 can be set on the first layer. The circuit layer where the RF signal line 3 is located can be adjusted according to actual needs, and it is only necessary to ensure that the RF signal lines 3 of two adjacent RF channels 4 are set on different circuit layers.
[0030] Optionally, the radio frequency signal line 3 includes a coplanar waveguide transmission line.
[0031] In an optional embodiment, the RF signal line 3 includes a coplanar waveguide transmission line and a microstrip line. In the present application, a coplanar waveguide transmission line is used as the RF signal line 3. Compared with a microstrip line, the power lines of the coplanar waveguide transmission line are more located between the coplanar waveguide transmission line and the nearby ground metal, and fewer power lines are radiated into space, thereby reducing the spatial radiation of the RF signal line 3.
[0032] Optionally, the gap between the RF signal line 3 and the ground plane 5 of the circuit layer where it is located is smaller than a first preset distance.
[0033] In an optional embodiment, since the RF signal line 3 is formed by etching, there will be a gap between the RF signal line and the ground plane 5 of the circuit layer where it is located. In order to reduce the spatial radiation of the RF signal line 3, the gap between the RF signal line 3 and the ground plane 5 of the circuit layer where it is located should be smaller than a first preset distance. Optionally, the first preset distance is 0.3 mm.
[0034] Optionally, a shielding cover 7 is further included. A plurality of corresponding fixing holes 6 are provided on the board 1 and the shielding cover 7 . The fixing holes 6 are used for fixing the shielding cover 7 and the board 1 .
[0035] Reference Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of a shielding cover of a radio frequency transmitting device proposed in an embodiment of the utility model. In order to shield the influence of the external environment on the board 1 and the radio frequency channel 4, a shielding cover 7 is provided on the board 1. In order to fix the connection between the board 1 and the shielding cover, a plurality of corresponding fixing holes 6 are provided on the board 1 and the shielding cover 7. Bolts are passed through the fixing holes 6 to achieve a fixed connection between the shielding cover 7 and the board 1, wherein the fixing holes 6 have threads to facilitate the installation of the bolts.
[0036] Optionally, a plurality of shielding cavities 8 are provided in the shielding cover 7 , and the shielding cavities 8 correspond to the positions of the RF channels 4 one by one, so as to isolate the RF modules 2 of each RF channel 4 .
[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, in order to avoid signal interference between the RF modules 2 during operation, a plurality of shielding cavities 8 are provided in the shielding cover 7, and the shielding cavities 8 correspond to the positions of the RF channels 4 one by one. A plurality of corresponding fixing holes 6 are provided on the installation area 9 of the board 1 and the installation area 9 of the shielding cover 7, and the bolts are passed through the fixing holes 6. Since the shielding cavities 8 correspond to the positions of the RF channels 4 one by one, the RF modules 2 of the RF channels 4 are isolated, thereby reducing the signal interference between the RF modules 2 during operation.
[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the shielding cover 7 is provided with a plurality of grooves 11, and the grooves 11 are provided with holes, and the holes are used for the RF connector 10 to pass through. In order to reduce the spatial leakage of the RF signal when passing through the joint of the RF connector 10, the distance between the joint of the RF connector 10 and the edge of the groove 11 should be less than a second preset distance. Optionally, the second preset distance is 1 mm.
[0039] Optionally, each of the RF modules 2 is connected to a power chip 12, and each of the RF modules 2 includes an equalizer 13, a first filter 14, an amplifier 15, and a second filter 16 which are electrically connected in sequence.
[0040] In an optional embodiment, each of the RF modules 2 is powered by an independent power chip 12 to prevent leakage of the RF channel 4 power network. Figure 4As shown, the RF module 2 includes an equalizer 13, a first filter 14, an amplifier 15, and a second filter 16 that are electrically connected in sequence. The RF signal is provided by the equalizer 13, the first filter 14, the amplifier 15, and the second filter 16 that are electrically connected in sequence, and the RF signal is output through the RF signal line 3, so that the subsequent quantum chip performs quantum operations based on the RF signal output by the quantum computing measurement and control system. It should be noted that the RF module 2 is not limited to the equalizer 13, the first filter 14, the amplifier 15, and the second filter 16 that are electrically connected in sequence, and can also be an electrical connection between other devices, as long as it can generate a RF signal that meets user needs.
[0041] The present application adopts a layered arrangement of RF signal lines so that the RF signal lines on adjacent RF channels are in different circuit layers, preventing the spatial distance between adjacent RF signal lines from being too close, thereby optimizing the isolation between adjacent RF channels.
[0042] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment also proposes a quantum computing measurement and control system, including a radio frequency transmitting device described in any one of the above-mentioned feature descriptions, and a radio frequency signal is transmitted through the radio frequency transmitting device.
[0043] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment also provides a quantum computer, which includes a quantum chip and the quantum computing measurement and control system as described above, wherein the quantum computing measurement and control system is connected to the quantum chip via a signal transmission line; wherein a plurality of quantum bits are arranged on the quantum chip, the quantum computing measurement and control system transmits a radio frequency signal via the radio frequency transmitting device, and inputs the signal signal to the corresponding quantum bit via the signal transmission line, and the quantum bit performs quantum calculations based on the radio frequency signal output by the quantum computing measurement and control system.
[0044] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example" or "specific example" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification.
[0045] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and do not have any limiting effect on the present application. Any technical personnel in the relevant technical field, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present application, may make any form of equivalent replacement or modification to the technical solution and technical content disclosed in the present application, which shall be deemed as the content of the technical solution of the present application and still fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A radio frequency transmitting device, characterized in that: include: A board having multiple circuit layers; A plurality of radio frequency modules are arranged on the board, each of the radio frequency modules is connected to a radio frequency signal line to form a radio frequency channel, and the radio frequency signal lines of two adjacent radio frequency channels are arranged on different circuit layers.
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radio frequency signal line includes a coplanar waveguide transmission line.
3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The gap between the radio frequency signal line and the ground plane of the circuit layer where it is located is smaller than a first preset distance.
4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a shielding cover. The board and the shielding cover are both provided with a plurality of corresponding fixing holes, and the fixing holes are used for fixing the shielding cover and the board.
5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that A plurality of shielding cavities are provided in the shielding cover, and the shielding cavities correspond to the positions of the RF channels one by one to isolate the RF modules of the RF channels.
6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The shielding cover is provided with a plurality of grooves, each of which is provided with a hole for a radio frequency connector to pass through, and the distance between a joint of the radio frequency connector and an edge of the groove is less than a second preset distance.
7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that Each of the radio frequency modules is connected to a power chip.
8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that Each of the radio frequency modules includes an equalizer, a first filter, an amplifier, and a second filter which are electrically connected in sequence.
9. A quantum computing measurement and control system, characterized in that: It comprises a radio frequency transmitting device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and a radio frequency signal is transmitted by the radio frequency transmitting device.
10. A quantum computer, characterized in that: It includes the quantum computing measurement and control system and quantum chip as described in claim 9, and the quantum chip performs quantum calculations based on the radio frequency signal output by the quantum computing measurement and control system.