Sleeve cavity structure, pump box with sleeve cavity structure, liquid cooling radiator and liquid cooling cabinet

Abstract

A sleeve cavity structure comprises a second cavity, environmental fluid is arranged outside the second cavity and has environmental pressure, a first cavity is arranged in the second cavity, first fluid is arranged in the first cavity and has first pressure, and second fluid is arranged between the second cavity and the first cavity and has second pressure. The second cavity partially or completely wraps the first cavity, the area, wrapped by the second cavity, of the outer side of the first cavity is a coverage area, and the second cavity isolates the second fluid from environmental fluid. The first pressure intensity of the inner side of the same point and the second pressure intensity of the outer side of the same point have a first pressure intensity difference or the second pressure intensity of the same point and the environment pressure intensity have a second pressure intensity difference or the first pressure intensity of the same point and the environment pressure intensity have a third pressure intensity difference, the absolute value of the first pressure intensity difference or the second pressure intensity difference is larger than 2 kpa, and the absolute value of the third pressure intensity difference is larger than or equal to 0; the first pressure difference or the second pressure difference is provided by a height difference or elastic potential energy or an external pressure source. The utility model further provides a liquid cooling radiator and a liquid cooling cabinet comprising the sleeve cavity structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of liquid cooling technology for cooling electronic circuit equipment including computer hosts, power supplies, charging piles, etc., and specifically to a sleeve cavity structure and a pump box, a liquid cooling radiator, and a liquid cooling cabinet having the same. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology, the power consumption of electrical equipment such as computers and charging piles has gradually increased, and their heat dissipation needs have become increasingly urgent. Currently, there are three major types of radiators on the market, but the effects are not good. They are: 1. Passive radiators, which only have heat sinks and insufficient heat dissipation capacity; 2. Air-cooled radiators, which add fans to the heat sinks to enhance the heat dissipation capacity but also have large wind noise; 3. Liquid-cooled radiators. Currently, the common liquid-cooled radiators on the market are positive-pressure radiators, that is, because the water pump pumps water to the liquid cooling head, and the cold liquid expands due to heat, the internal pressure of the key liquid section including the liquid cooling head is greater than the external atmospheric pressure. Once damaged, it will leak out. Since the liquid cooling head interface is currently inside the chassis, once leaked, it is easy to cause serious electrical damage.

[0003] Recently, a liquid cooling system with internal negative pressure has emerged, but it must rely on external equipment such as a vacuum pump to form negative pressure, which leads to bloated size and complex structure, which is not conducive to promotion and use.

[0004] The current immersion liquid cooling technology cannot avoid the leakage and loss of fluoride liquid, resulting in high costs. The evaporated fluoride liquid also poses a certain safety hazard to life safety. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above shortcomings, a sleeve cavity structure and a pump box, a liquid cooling radiator and a liquid cooling cabinet having the same are proposed to solve the problems of leakage and derived electrical failure caused by liquid cooling of electronic circuit equipment and the problem of bloated size and complex structure of existing negative pressure liquid cooling radiators.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A sleeve cavity structure is disclosed, comprising a second cavity, wherein the second cavity is formed by a single dense material or a plurality of dense materials being sealed, wherein the dense material comprises a polymer material, a metal, a plastic or a colloid, an ambient fluid is outside the second cavity, the ambient fluid has an ambient pressure, and the ambient fluid comprises water or air, a second cavity is arranged in the second cavity, a first cavity is arranged in the second cavity, the first cavity is formed by a metal material or a non-metal material, a first cavity is arranged in the first cavity, a first fluid is arranged in the first cavity, the first fluid has a first pressure, a second fluid is arranged between the second cavity and the first cavity, the second fluid has a second pressure, the second cavity partially or completely wraps the first cavity, an area outside the first cavity wrapped by the second cavity is a covering area, the second cavity isolates the second fluid from the ambient fluid, and the The first fluid, the second fluid, and the environmental fluid include gas or liquid, there is a first pressure difference between the first pressure on the inner side and the second pressure on the outer side of the same point in the coverage area on the first cavity, or there is a second pressure difference between the second pressure on the inner side and the environmental pressure on the outer side of the same point on the second cavity, or there is a third pressure difference between the first pressure and the environmental pressure, the absolute value of the first pressure difference or the second pressure difference is greater than 2kpa, the absolute value of the third pressure difference is greater than or equal to 0, the first pressure difference or the second pressure difference is provided by a height difference or elastic potential energy or an external pressure source, the height difference includes the height difference of the first fluid or the second fluid or the environmental fluid, the elastic potential energy includes the elastic potential energy of the first cavity or the second cavity, the pressure source includes a high pressure source or a vacuum source connected to the first fluid or the second fluid or the environmental fluid, the first pressure difference or the second pressure difference is specifically as follows:

[0008] When used to prevent the first fluid from leaking out of the first cavity after the covering area is damaged, the second pressure outside the damaged covering area is greater than the first pressure inside.

[0009] When used to prevent the second fluid from leaking out of the second cavity after the second cavity is damaged, the second pressure inside the damaged part of the second cavity is lower than the ambient pressure outside.

[0010] When used to prevent the first fluid from leaking out of the second cavity after the covering area is damaged, the second pressure outside the damaged part of the covering area is greater than the first pressure inside, or the second pressure inside the damaged part of the second cavity is less than the ambient pressure outside.

[0011] When used to prevent the second fluid from leaking into the first cavity after the covering area is damaged, the second pressure on the outside of the damaged covering area is lower than the first pressure on the inside.

[0012] When used to prevent the environmental fluid from leaking into the second cavity after the second cavity is damaged, the second pressure inside the damaged part of the second cavity is greater than the environmental pressure outside.

[0013] When used to prevent environmental fluid from leaking into the first cavity of the covering area through the second cavity after the second cavity is damaged, the second pressure on the outside of the covering area of ​​the first cavity is smaller than the first pressure on the inside, or the second pressure on the inside of the damaged part of the second cavity is greater than the environmental pressure on the outside.

[0014] The sleeve cavity structure uses pressure difference to limit the movement of the corresponding fluid when the cavity is damaged, controls the fluid to flow to a safe area, avoids secondary damage, and extends the maintenance window time.

[0015] The sleeve cavity structure can be used to prevent liquid leakage, gas leakage, internal fluid leakage, external fluid leakage, internal fluid leakage, harmful substances leakage, and environmental leakage into the cavity to affect the purity of the internal fluid.

[0016] Preferably, a sensor is included, and the sensor detects the first pressure difference, the second pressure difference, or the third pressure difference, or a physical quantity that can indirectly reflect the first pressure difference, the second pressure difference, or the third pressure difference, and sends a signal. The physical quantity includes the height of the liquid level, the refractive index, the volume, or the mass. By detecting the pressure difference, it is determined whether the sleeve cavity structure is damaged, and then a signal is sent in time after damage to remind maintenance.

[0017] Preferably, a pressure control structure is included to adjust the first pressure difference or the second pressure difference or the third pressure difference, the pressure control structure includes a fixed type or an adjustable type, the fixed type cannot be changed, and the adjustable type can be adjusted again, the pressure control structure includes a flow resistance regulator or a volume regulator or a pressure control channel or a pump power controller, the flow resistance regulator includes a pressure regulating valve or a ball valve or a flow channel switching valve, the flow resistance regulator controls the degree of tortuosity of the flow channel or the length of the flow channel or the size or number of the aperture or slits, the volume regulator includes a variable volume cavity or an elastic cavity wall, and the variable volume cavity includes an elastic cavity wall provided in the first cavity or on the first cavity Or an inelastic sac or airbag or bubble or an elastic sac or airbag or bubble arranged in the second cavity or on the second cavity, the elastic cavity wall is arranged on the first cavity or on the second cavity, the elastic cavity wall includes silicone or rubber film, the pressure control channel is arranged on the first cavity to connect the first fluid with the ambient fluid, or connect the first fluid with the pressure source, and the pump power controller changes the operating power of the pump connected to the first cavity or the second cavity when the first pressure difference or the second pressure difference or the third pressure difference does not meet the preset value so that the first pressure difference or the second pressure difference or the third pressure difference meets the preset value.

[0018] The pressure control structure further controls the first pressure difference or the second pressure difference or the third pressure difference, and ensures that a sufficient pressure difference is formed by adjusting the flow resistance or the pump operating power or the mass ratio of the fluid in each cavity or increasing the pressure inward or releasing the pressure outward so that the fluid in the cavity is controlled to flow in a predetermined direction after the cavity is damaged.

[0019] Disclosed is a pump box, comprising a sleeve cavity structure, including a pump, a flow resistor, a pump box inlet and a pump box outlet, wherein the pump comprises a pump cavity, a pump inlet and a pump outlet, wherein the pump comprises a volumetric pump, an axial flow pump or a centrifugal pump, wherein the flow resistor comprises a circuitous flow channel or a grid or a small hole or a slit or a narrow channel or a groove array or a column array or a filter screen or a one-way valve or a pressure regulating valve or a ball valve having an aperture smaller than that of the first cavity, wherein the pump inlet is connected to the first cavity or the second cavity,

[0020] When the pump inlet is connected to the first cavity, the first cavity is connected to the flow resistor.

[0021] The flow resistor is connected to the pump box inlet, the pump outlet is connected to the second cavity, and the second cavity is connected to the pump box outlet.

[0022] or the flow resistor is connected to the second cavity, the second cavity is connected to the pump box inlet, and the pump box outlet is connected to the pump outlet,

[0023] When the pump outlet is connected to the first cavity, the first cavity is connected to the flow resistor.

[0024] The flow resistor is connected to the pump box outlet, the pump inlet is connected to the second cavity, and the second cavity is connected to the pump box inlet.

[0025] Or the flow resistor is connected to the second cavity, the second cavity is connected to the pump box outlet, and the pump box inlet is connected to the pump inlet.

[0026] The pump box can be conveniently connected to external equipment through the pump box inlet and the pump box outlet to form a complete circulation loop. At the same time, a second pressure difference can be generated without an additional vacuum source or a high-pressure source to prevent the environmental fluid from leaking inward or the internal fluid from leaking outward, thereby reducing the possibility of equipment damage, improving overall reliability, simplifying the structure, and reducing costs.

[0027] Disclosed is a liquid-cooled radiator, comprising a sleeve cavity structure, a circulation pump, a flow resistor, and a pressure control structure. The circulation pump comprises a pump cavity, a pump inlet, and a pump outlet. The circulation pump comprises a volumetric pump, an axial flow pump, or a centrifugal pump. The flow resistor comprises a flow resistance structure, and the flow resistance structure comprises a circuitous flow channel, a grid, or a small hole, a slit, a fine channel, a groove array, a column array, a filter, a one-way valve, a pressure regulating valve, or a ball valve, the pump outlet is connected to the first cavity, the first cavity is connected to the flow resistor, the flow resistor is connected to the second cavity, and the second cavity is connected to the pump inlet to form a circulation loop isolated from the ambient fluid. A coolant is provided in the circulation loop, and the coolant is both the first fluid and the second fluid. The coolant comprises water, a fluorinated liquid, or mineral oil. When the circulation pump is running stably and the coolant is circulating stably, the pressure control structure controls the pressure in the negative pressure section loop to be lower than the ambient pressure. Along the circulation direction of the coolant, the section from the flow resistor to the pump inlet is the negative pressure section loop.

[0028] When the flow resistor is not used as a cold head, it includes a cold head cover, the cold head cover is sealed and connected with the surface to be cooled to form a cold head cavity, or the cold head cover is sealed and connected with a heat conductive block to form a cold head cavity, the heat conductive block is in thermal contact with the surface to be cooled, the heat conductive block is made of a heat conductive material, the heat conductive material includes copper or aluminum or silver or a phase change heat pipe, a cold head cavity is arranged in the cold head cavity, the cold head cavity is in thermal contact with the heat conductive block or the surface to be cooled, and the cold head cavity is connected in series to the negative pressure section circuit,

[0029] When the flow resistor is used as a cold head, the flow resistor includes a cold head cover, the cold head cover is sealed and connected to the surface to be cooled by heat to form a cold head cavity, or the cold head cover is sealed and connected to the heat conductive block to form a cold head cavity, the heat conductive block is in thermal contact with the surface to be cooled by heat, the heat conductive block is made of a heat conductive material, the heat conductive material includes copper, aluminum, silver or a phase change heat pipe, a cold head cavity is provided in the cold head cavity, the cold head cavity is in thermal contact with the heat conductive block or the surface to be cooled by heat, the middle part of the heat conductive block or the middle part of the surface to be cooled by heat facing the first cavity is connected to the first cavity, a flow resistance structure is arranged around the middle part, and the outer side of the flow resistance structure is connected to the second cavity.

[0030] After the circulation pump is started and the coolant circulates stably, the inlet of the circulation pump is the lowest pressure point in the circulation loop, and the pressure at other positions in the circulation loop is increased in turn according to their respective flow resistances, and the outlet of the circulation pump is the highest pressure point in the circulation loop. The pressure control structure controls the pressure at the outlet of the flow resistance structure to be lower than the ambient pressure, so that the pressure in the circulation loop from the outlet of the flow resistance structure to the inlet of the circulation pump is all lower than the ambient pressure, which is recorded as a negative pressure section loop. The coolant flows from the first cavity to the middle of the cold head cavity. All the coolant passes through the flow resistance structure, and the pressure drops to less than the ambient pressure before it can contact the joint between the cold head cover and the heat conductive block or the joint between the cold head cover and the heat dissipation surface, thereby preventing the coolant from leaking out from the joint.

[0031] The liquid-cooled radiator uses the cold head micro-channel as a flow resistance structure, further streamlining the structure and reducing the volume. At the same time, the seam at the bottom of the cold head is covered in a negative pressure area. Even if the seam is damaged, the negative pressure can prevent the cold liquid from leaking out. When the pressure in the first cavity is higher than the ambient pressure, leakage is possible only when the middle part of the cold head is damaged. The commonly used copper-bottomed cold head rarely has leakage in the middle of the cold head.

[0032] The above-mentioned cold head structure without a heat conductive block omits the copper bottom, and the solution of directly flushing the coolant on the surface to be dissipated is very suitable for the existing on-chip water cooling solution. The on-chip water cooling solution etches the flow resistance structure (coolant microchannel) on the chip surface. The above-mentioned cold head cover can be attached to the chip. At the same time, the joints sealed around the chip and the cold head cover are filled with negative pressure coolant. Even if the joints are damaged, it will only cause outside air to be sucked into the radiator circulation loop, and will not cause the coolant to leak out and then cause a chip short circuit to cause losses.

[0033] At the same time, since the cooling fluid pressure around the chip is lower than the ambient pressure, the coolant has no motivation to leak out, which can reduce the sealing pressure between the cold head cover and the chip, further reducing the risk of chip use and thus reducing the cost of use.

[0034] Preferably, it includes an evaporation reduction structure, which includes a control valve or a lightweight covering layer or the volume regulator, the control valve includes a one-way valve or a ball valve or a solenoid valve or a pressure reducing valve, the control valve is arranged on the pressure control channel, the lightweight covering layer includes floating oil or a floating block or a waterproof breathable membrane, the density of the lightweight covering layer is less than the first fluid and greater than that of air, the lightweight covering layer is arranged on the liquid surface in the first cavity, the light covering layer is above the gas and the coolant is below.

[0035] The floating oil includes liquid paraffin or silicone oil or glycerin, and the floating block includes a wooden block or a plastic block, which is arranged on the liquid surface in the first cavity to reduce the liquid surface area and reduce the evaporation of the cooling liquid.

[0036] The control valve can further control the pressure in the circulation loop. When used to reduce the evaporation and dissipation of the coolant, the pressure in the first cavity can be made higher than the saturated vapor pressure of the coolant, thereby re-liquefying the evaporated coolant vapor. When used to prevent the circulation pump from cavitation due to the low negative pressure at the inlet of the circulation pump, the pressure in the first cavity can be increased to make the inlet pressure of the circulation pump higher than the saturated vapor pressure of the coolant. The pressure control channel opens to release pressure to the outside after the circulation pump is started and closes after the pressure is released, so that the circulation loop can continue to maintain negative pressure after the circulation pump stops. The above effects can be achieved at the same time.

[0037] For example, when the circulation is stable, the circulation pump provides a pressure difference of 30kpa, the pressure difference before and after the flow resistance structure is 20kpa, the saturated vapor pressure of the coolant is 10kpa, the circulation pump cavitation occurs when the inlet pressure of the circulation pump is less than -30kpa, and the ambient pressure is 3kpa, the pressure in the first cavity can be controlled to be about 10~20kpa. At this time, the evaporated coolant vapor is easily liquefied in the first cavity, and the pressure in the second cavity in contact with the environment is lower than the ambient pressure, so the coolant will not leak out after damage, and the pressure at the inlet of the circulation pump is higher than the pressure at which cavitation occurs.

[0038] Preferably, when the second pressure is less than the ambient pressure, the resultant force generated by the overall pressure between the cold head cover and the heat conductive block or between the cold head cover and the heat dissipation surface is a suction force. By controlling the resultant force to be a suction force, the possibility of the cold head cover and the heat conductive block or the cold head cover and the heat dissipation surface being separated from each other is reduced, and the coolant at the edge of the cold head cover is further prevented from leaking out.

[0039] Preferably, a gas control structure is included to control the gas appearing in the circulation loop to be concentrated in the first cavity along with the circulating coolant, the gas control structure includes an exhaust structure and an air stagnation structure, the exhaust structure is arranged in the circulation loop outside the first cavity, the exhaust structure does not include a structure that can generate large bubbles, the large bubbles refer to one or more bubbles that can affect the circulating pump pumping the coolant, the air stagnation structure is arranged in the first cavity, the air stagnation structure is arranged in the first cavity to prevent part or all of the bubbles in the first cavity from flowing out of the first cavity, the air stagnation structure includes a first cavity outlet arranged below the liquid surface for the coolant to flow out of the first cavity or a spoiler or a gas-liquid separator that reduces the flow rate of the coolant, the gas-liquid separator includes a static stratified type or a rotating centrifugal stratified type.

[0040] When the second cavity just starts to break and leak, air leaks into the circulation loop from the broken port, and the leakage is likely to slowly increase from small to large. When the leakage is small, small bubbles pass through the negative pressure loop without retention (avoiding accumulation into large bubbles, thereby preventing excessive bubbles from entering the circulation pump at one time and affecting the coolant circulation). Small bubbles enter the circulation pump, and the circulation pump can continue to keep the coolant circulating. At this time, the circulation pump produces noise when it inhales air, which can promptly remind the user to pay attention to this abnormal situation, and promptly check for leaks and perform maintenance, thereby avoiding secondary disasters caused by coolant leakage. After small bubbles enter the first cavity and stay there, they can also reduce the total liquid level and reduce the evaporation rate of the coolant. At the same time, it is beneficial for the pressure control channel to exhaust air outward instead of discharging the coolant.

[0041] A liquid cooling cabinet is disclosed, including a sleeve cavity structure as described above, wherein a heat source to be cooled is arranged in the first cavity, the first fluid is a cooling liquid in thermal contact with the heat source, the second fluid is a heat transfer liquid, the first cavity is provided with a heat transfer part, the heat transfer part is in thermal contact with the cooling liquid, the heat transfer part is in thermal contact with the heat transfer liquid, and the heat of the cooling liquid is transferred to the heat transfer liquid, the second cavity is connected to a vacuum source or the second cavity is connected to a pump inlet or the first cavity is connected to a high pressure source, so that the first pressure on the inner side at the same point on the first cavity is greater than the second pressure on the outer side, and the second pressure is lower than the ambient pressure or the second pressure is higher than the ambient pressure.

[0042] The first pressure inside the first cavity of the liquid cooling cabinet at the same point is greater than the second pressure outside. When the first cavity is damaged, the coolant flows out of the first cavity at the damaged opening, thereby preventing the heat transfer liquid from flowing into the first cavity. At the same time, by arranging the first cavity in the second cavity, the volume of the first cavity is reduced, thereby reducing the amount of coolant used and reducing costs. By arranging the heat transfer part to transfer the heat of the coolant to the heat transfer liquid, the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

[0043] When the second pressure is lower than the ambient pressure, the heat transfer liquid cannot leak out after the second cavity is slightly damaged. At the same time, the negative pressure can reduce the structural strength required for the second cavity, reduce costs, and reduce weight. In addition, the negative pressure can make the second cavity close to the first cavity, improve the heat transfer efficiency of the heat transfer liquid to the first cavity or the heat transfer part, and the negative pressure of the second cavity can serve as an explosion-proof barrier for the first cavity, further reducing the possibility of the first cavity bursting and the degree of damage.

[0044] Preferably, the second cavity includes a separator, and the separator separates the coolant and the heat transfer liquid by temperature or gravity. When the coolant escapes into the heat transfer liquid, it is statically layered or centrifugally layered due to different gravity, or evaporates at different ratios due to different evaporation rates or boiling points, and then the coolant is separated and collected, thereby reducing the consumption of the coolant and reducing the health risk of the user inhaling the coolant due to evaporation.

[0045] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0046] Through the form of a sleeve cavity structure, the circulation loop part that is prone to leakage and causing harm after damage is built into the circulation loop part that is not prone to leakage and causing harm after damage, omitting the additional protection mechanism that must be added in the existing solution to obtain similar safety protection, thereby optimizing the structure, reducing the failure rate, reducing costs, and improving reliability. Reduce the evaporation of the coolant by increasing the pressure or reducing the liquid surface area. Prevent the cold head from bursting by setting the combined force of the cold head as suction. Prevent the circulation pump from entering excessive gas in a short time to affect the circulation of the coolant by preventing the accumulation of bubbles. Prevent secondary damage caused by leakage or bursting of the liquid cooler by setting a negative pressure shell outside the liquid cooler immersed in the heat source. Reduce the consumption of immersion coolant by setting a separator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a preferred sleeve cavity structure.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred pump box structure.

[0049] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a preferred pressure control structure.

[0050] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the preferred liquid cooling radiator structure.

[0051] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a preferred liquid cooling cabinet.

[0052] Description of main reference numerals:

[0053] 1-first cavity, 11-first fluid, 12-covering area, 2-second cavity, 21-second fluid, 3-ambient fluid, 31-cooling liquid, 32-heat transfer liquid, 4-circulating pump, 51-pump box inlet, 52-pump box outlet, 6-flow resistor, 61-micro water channel, 71-pressure control channel, 72-air bag, 73-rubber cavity wall, 8-heat conductive block, 81-heat source, 91-liquid cooling cabinet inlet, 92-liquid cooling cabinet outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings or embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings or embodiments without creative efforts. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] like Figure 1The preferred sleeve cavity structure is shown, in which the first cavity 1 is partially or completely wrapped by the second cavity 2, and the wrapped part of the first cavity 1 is the covering area 12. There is a first fluid 11 in the first cavity 1, a second fluid 21 in the second cavity 2, and an environmental fluid 3 outside the second cavity 2. By ensuring the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the damaged part after the covering area 3 or the second cavity 2 is damaged, the flow direction of the first fluid 11 or the second fluid 21 or the environmental fluid 3 at the damaged part is controlled, and finally the derivative disaster is avoided. When the first pressure is higher than the second pressure, preferably, the first cavity 1 can be connected to a high pressure pump, or the second cavity 2 can be connected to a vacuum pump, or when the density of the second fluid 21 is higher than that of the environmental fluid 3, the first cavity 1 can be placed above the second cavity 2, and an outlet can be provided below the second cavity 2 to connect to the environmental fluid 3, or a film can be embedded below the second cavity 2. When the first pressure is lower than the second pressure, it is only necessary to reverse the above method. When controlling other pressure differences, it is only necessary to apply the above similar scheme, which will not be described in detail here.

[0056] like Figure 2 The figure shows a preferred pump box structure, in which the circulating pump 4, the first cavity 1 and the flow resistor 6 are connected in series in sequence to form an inner flow channel, the first cavity 1 and the second cavity 2 are interconnected through the circulating pump 4 or the flow resistor 6, when the circulating pump 4 is not started, the first pressure is equal to the second pressure, after the pump box is filled with fluid and the circulating pump 4 is started to drive the fluid, when the outlet of the circulating pump 4 is toward the first cavity 1, the first pressure rises to be greater than the second pressure, and when the outlet of the circulating pump 4 is toward the second cavity 2, the first pressure decreases to be less than the second pressure. The flow resistor 6 in the figure is a microchannel structure, so that there is an obvious pressure difference before and after the fluid flows through the flow resistor 6.

[0057] like Figure 3The preferred pressure control structure is shown. The pressure control channel 71 passes through the second cavity 2 to connect the fluid in the first cavity 1 with the environmental fluid 3. After the pump box inlet 51 and the pump box outlet 52 are connected to the flow resistance device or the closed loop, and the circulating pump 4 pushes the fluid in the pump box, the environmental fluid 3 enters the first cavity 1 through the pressure control channel 71. The fluid in the first cavity 1 is pumped into the second cavity 2 by the circulating pump 4, so that the second pressure increases and the second pressure difference increases. After the pump box inlet 51 and the pump box outlet 52 are connected to the flow resistance device or the closed loop, the airbag 72 expands due to the first pressure decrease after the circulating pump 4 pumps the fluid in the first cavity 1 into the second cavity 2, the pressure in the second cavity 2 increases, and the second pressure difference increases. The rubber cavity wall 73 is elastic. After the pump box inlet 51 and the pump box outlet 52 are connected to the flow resistance device or the closed loop, it is expanded and filled with fluid to make it expand with contraction force, so that the second pressure increases and the second pressure difference increases. After the pump box inlet 51 and the pump box outlet 52 are connected to the flow resistance device or the closed loop, and the circulating pump 4 pumps the fluid in the first cavity 1, the pump power controller increases the circulating pump power or the flow resistance regulator increases the flow resistance to increase the second pressure, and the second pressure difference becomes larger, thereby strengthening the control force on the flow direction of the second fluid after damage. The pressure control structure for controlling the second pressure to be less than the ambient pressure is similar to this, and the circulating pump 4 needs to be installed in reverse, and the outlet of the circulating pump 4 is connected to the first cavity 1, which will not be repeated.

[0058] like Figure 4The figure shows a preferred liquid cooling radiator structure diagram, the heat conductive block 8 is connected to the first cavity 1 through the flow resistor 6, the heat conductive block 8 is sealed and connected to the second cavity 2 to wrap the first cavity 1, the circulation pump 4, and the flow resistor 6 therein, the first cavity 1 and the second cavity 2 are provided with a cooling liquid 31, the cooling liquid 31 is pumped out by the circulation pump 4, enters the first cavity 1 and then enters the flow resistor 6, the flow resistor 6 is formed by the first cavity 1 and the heat conductive block 8 being closely attached, the cooling liquid 31 passes through a micro-channel 61 as a flow resistance structure (in this embodiment, the micro-channel 61 is engraved on the heat conductive block 8 to increase the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling liquid 31 and the heat conductive block 8, and the flow resistance structure in other embodiments can also exist independently of the heat conductive block) into the second cavity 2, and finally is sucked into the circulation pump 4 from the second cavity 2 to complete the circulation, when the liquid cooling radiator is equipped with a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger can be connected in series between the flow resistor 6 and the second cavity 2. Between the two cavities 2 or between the second cavity 2 and the circulation pump 4, the pressure control channel 71 is arranged on the first cavity 1 to connect the fluid in the first cavity 1 with the ambient fluid 3 (air), and preferentially connects the air in the first cavity 1. After the circulation pump 4 is started, if there are bubbles or air bags in the negative pressure section circuit, the cooling liquid 31 in the first cavity 1 increases, the liquid level rises, and the air is squeezed out. In this embodiment, the pressure control channel 71 directly connects the air in the first cavity 1 with the ambient fluid 3, so that the first pressure is equal to the ambient pressure, and the second pressure is reduced, thereby being less than the ambient pressure. At this time, even if the joint between the heat conductive block 8 and the second cavity 2 is slightly damaged or the second cavity 2 itself is slightly damaged, the cooling liquid 31 will not leak out. Only under the action of negative pressure, the ambient fluid 3 will enter the second cavity 2 from the damaged part, thereby preventing the cooling liquid 31 from leaking out of the liquid-cooled radiator.

[0059] In this embodiment, when the liquid-cooled radiator is in normal use, that is, when the second cavity 2 is maintained at a negative pressure, only the portion of the heat conductive block 8 where the flow resistor 6 is connected to the first cavity 1 is not protected by the negative pressure environment. If this portion is damaged, the coolant 31 may leak out. However, the heat conductive block 8 is generally made of integral red copper with a thickness greater than 1 mm and is manufactured by CNC. The heat conductive plate 8 is rarely damaged. Most of the leakage of the coolant 31 is caused by leakage at the sealing ring position at the joint between the heat conductive block 8 and the second cavity 2. In this embodiment, the inside of the sealing ring is the coolant 31 at a pressure lower than the ambient pressure. Therefore, even if the sealing ring is damaged, the coolant 31 will not leak out.

[0060] In some embodiments, the pressure control channel 71 is provided with a control valve, such as a one-way valve or a pressure reducing valve or a pressure relief valve that is set to one-way the ambient fluid 3. At this time, after the circulating pump 4 is started, the first pressure becomes large, so that the fluid in the first cavity 1 is discharged outward. After the circulating pump 4 is turned off, the first pressure becomes small, but the ambient fluid 3 cannot enter the first cavity 1, so that the liquid cooling radiator continues to maintain a negative pressure state after the pump is turned off.

[0061] In some embodiments, the heat conductive block 8 can be replaced by a chip etched with micro-water channels. In this case, the second cavity can be sealed and fitted with the chip through fasteners or soft glue, and the heat exchange efficiency can be significantly improved by directly contacting the chip with cold liquid.

[0062] In some embodiments, the liquid cooling heat sink is composed of Figure 2 or Figure 3 The pump box structure in which the outlet of the circulation pump 4 is directed toward the first cavity 1 can be connected in series with a cold head using the prior art. The cold head is connected in series at the pump box inlet 51 and the pump box outlet 52 to form a circulation loop. After the circulation pump 4 is started, the pressure at the pump box inlet 51 and the pump box outlet 52 are both lower than the ambient pressure, so that the pressure inside the series cold head is also lower than the ambient pressure. At this time, the pressure inside the cavity of the entire liquid-cooled radiator in contact with the ambient fluid 3 is lower than the ambient pressure, thereby achieving complete leakage protection.

[0063] In some embodiments, the liquid-cooled radiator is filled with coolant 31, and a compressible air bag is provided in the first cavity 1. After the circulating pump 4 is started, the air bag is compressed to form a negative pressure in the second cavity. At the same time, the coolant 31 is filled so that there is no liquid surface, thereby greatly reducing the evaporation of the coolant 31.

[0064] In some embodiments, a waterproof breathable membrane is provided in the first cavity 1, an air communication pressure control channel 71 is provided above the waterproof breathable membrane, and a coolant 31 is provided below the waterproof breathable membrane. The outlet of the first cavity is located below the waterproof breathable membrane to prevent gas from participating in the circulation, thereby reducing the liquid level and reducing evaporation.

[0065] In some embodiments, air is provided in the first cavity 1, and a light covering is provided under the air. The light covering includes floating oil or foam blocks or plastic blocks, so as to reduce the liquid level and reduce evaporation.

[0066] In some embodiments, the flow passages of the liquid-cooled radiator other than the first cavity 1 are smooth, and the gas generated during the normal circulation of the coolant 31 cannot stay or accumulate, thereby preventing the circulation pump 4 from entering excessive gas in a short time and affecting the circulation of the coolant 31.

[0067] In some embodiments, after the circulation pump 4 is started to circulate the coolant 31 normally, the pressure in the first cavity 1 is higher than the saturated vapor pressure of the coolant 31 , thereby promoting the liquefaction of the gaseous coolant 31 and reducing the consumption rate of the coolant 31 .

[0068] In some embodiments, the liquid outlet of the first cavity 1 communicating with the flow resistor 6 is below the liquid level, so that the gas in the radiator is retained in the first cavity 1 to prevent it from affecting the normal operation of the circulation pump.

[0069] In some embodiments, a thrust force formed by a first pressure greater than or equal to the ambient pressure between the first cavity 1 and the heat conductive block 8 is smaller than a suction force formed by a second pressure less than the ambient pressure between the second cavity 1 and the heat conductive block 8 .

[0070] like Figure 5 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a preferred liquid cooling cabinet, in which a heat source 81 is provided in the first cavity 1, and the heat source 81 is immersed in the cooling liquid 31. A heat conductive block 8 is provided on the first cavity 1, and the first cavity 1 is provided in the second cavity 2. A heat transfer liquid 32 is provided in the second cavity 2, and one side of the heat conductive block 8 is in thermal contact with the cooling liquid 31, and the other side is in thermal contact with the heat transfer liquid 32. The heat transfer liquid 32 circulates with external equipment through the liquid cooling cabinet inlet 91 and the liquid cooling cabinet outlet 92.

[0071] The liquid cooling cabinet inlet 91 and the liquid cooling cabinet inlet 92 are connected to the pump box structure, or the second cavity 2 is connected to the vacuum pump, or the first cavity 1 is connected to the high-pressure pump, so that the first pressure is higher than the second pressure. When the first cavity 1 is damaged, the coolant 31 flows into the second cavity 2 at the damaged part, thereby preventing the heat transfer liquid 32 from flowing into the first cavity 1 and affecting the heat source 81. Increasing the first pressure helps to reduce the evaporation consumption rate of the coolant 31. When the second pressure is lower than the ambient pressure, the structural strength of the second cavity 2 can be reduced. At the same time, it can serve as an additional safety barrier when the first cavity 1 bursts to reduce the risk, and when the second cavity 2 is damaged, it can prevent the coolant 31 or the heat transfer liquid 32 from leaking out.

[0072] In some embodiments, the liquid cooling cabinet inlet 91 and the liquid cooling cabinet outlet 92 can be transformed into each other.

[0073] In some embodiments, the second cavity 2 is connected to a separator. When the coolant 31 and the heat transfer liquid 32 have different densities, they can be separated by a static stratification or centrifugal stratification separator. When the coolant 31 and the heat transfer liquid 32 have different vaporization temperatures or solidification temperatures, they can be separated by a temperature-controlled separator to recover the dissipated coolant 31, thereby reducing costs and improving safety.

[0074] In some embodiments, a pressure relief port is provided at the bottom of the second cavity 2 to connect to the ambient pressure, so that the bottom pressure is equal to the ambient pressure, thereby making the pressure of the upper part in contact with the first cavity 1 lower than the first pressure or the ambient pressure.

[0075] After adopting the above scheme, a pressure difference occurs on both sides of the covering area of ​​the sleeve cavity structure, and then the flow direction of the fluid on both sides of the damaged area is controlled after the covering area is damaged, thereby reducing losses. A sensor is set to detect whether there is a leak, and the inner and outer cavities are connected by a circulation pump to simplify the structure, improve reliability and reduce volume. The heat exchange performance is improved by the direct contact of the cold liquid with the heat source, and a negative pressure state is established on the inner surface of the liquid cooling radiator to prevent cold liquid leakage. The evaporation consumption of the coolant is reduced by increasing the pressure in the inner cavity.

[0076] The above description is only preferably used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art can still make other modifications to the technical solution of the present invention or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents, or split or merge some of them. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention are all covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sleeve cavity structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a second cavity, the second cavity is composed of a single dense material or a plurality of dense materials sealed, the dense material comprises a polymer material or a metal or a plastic or a colloid, the second cavity is outside an environmental fluid, the environmental fluid has an environmental pressure, the environmental fluid comprises water or air, a second cavity is arranged in the second cavity, a first cavity is arranged in the second cavity, the first cavity is composed of a metal material or a non-metal material, a first cavity is arranged in the first cavity, a first fluid is arranged in the first cavity, the first fluid has a first pressure, a second fluid is arranged between the second cavity and the first cavity, the second fluid has a second pressure, the second cavity partially or completely wraps the first cavity, the area outside the first cavity wrapped by the second cavity is a covering area, the second cavity isolates the second fluid from the environmental fluid, the first fluid , the second fluid, the environmental fluid includes gas or liquid, there is a first pressure difference between the first pressure on the inner side and the second pressure on the outer side of the same point in the coverage area on the first cavity, or there is a second pressure difference between the second pressure on the inner side and the environmental pressure on the outer side of the same point on the second cavity, or there is a third pressure difference between the first pressure and the environmental pressure, the absolute value of the first pressure difference or the second pressure difference is greater than 2kpa, the absolute value of the third pressure difference is greater than or equal to 0, the first pressure difference or the second pressure difference is provided by a height difference or elastic potential energy or an external pressure source, the height difference includes the height difference of the first fluid or the second fluid or the environmental fluid, the elastic potential energy includes the elastic potential energy of the first cavity or the second cavity, the pressure source includes a high pressure source or a vacuum source connected to the first fluid or the second fluid or the environmental fluid, the first pressure difference or the second pressure difference is specifically as follows, When used to prevent the first fluid from leaking out of the first cavity after the covering area is damaged, the second pressure outside the damaged covering area is greater than the first pressure inside. When used to prevent the second fluid from leaking out of the second cavity after the second cavity is damaged, the second pressure inside the damaged part of the second cavity is lower than the ambient pressure outside. When used to prevent the first fluid from leaking out of the second cavity after the covering area is damaged, the second pressure outside the damaged part of the covering area is greater than the first pressure inside, or the second pressure inside the damaged part of the second cavity is less than the ambient pressure outside. When used to prevent the second fluid from leaking into the first cavity after the covering area is damaged, the second pressure on the outside of the damaged covering area is lower than the first pressure on the inside. When used to prevent the environmental fluid from leaking into the second cavity after the second cavity is damaged, the second pressure inside the damaged part of the second cavity is greater than the environmental pressure outside. When used to prevent environmental fluid from leaking into the first cavity of the covering area through the second cavity after the second cavity is damaged, the second pressure on the outside of the covering area of ​​the first cavity is smaller than the first pressure on the inside, or the second pressure on the inside of the damaged part of the second cavity is greater than the environmental pressure on the outside.

2. A sleeve cavity structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sensor is included, which detects the first pressure difference, the second pressure difference, or the third pressure difference or a physical quantity that can indirectly reflect the first pressure difference, the second pressure difference, or the third pressure difference, and sends a signal.

3. A sleeve cavity structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pressure control structure to adjust the first pressure difference, the second pressure difference or the third pressure difference, the pressure control structure comprises a fixed type or an adjustable type, the fixed type cannot be changed, and the adjustable type can be adjusted again, the pressure control structure comprises a flow resistance regulator or a volume regulator or a pressure control channel or a pump power controller, the flow resistance regulator comprises a pressure regulating valve or a ball valve or a flow channel switching valve, the flow resistance regulator controls the degree of tortuosity of the flow channel or the length of the flow channel or the size or number of the aperture or slits, the volume regulator comprises a variable volume cavity or an elastic cavity wall, the variable volume cavity comprises an elastic or non-elastic cavity wall arranged in the first cavity or on the first cavity An elastic sac or airbag or bubble or an elastic sac or airbag or bubble arranged in the second cavity or on the second cavity, the elastic cavity wall is arranged on the first cavity or on the second cavity, the elastic cavity wall includes silicone or rubber film, the pressure control channel is arranged on the first cavity to connect the first fluid with the ambient fluid, or connect the first fluid with the pressure source, and the pump power controller changes the operating power of the pump connected to the first cavity or the second cavity when the first pressure difference or the second pressure difference or the third pressure difference does not meet the preset value so that the first pressure difference or the second pressure difference or the third pressure difference meets the preset value.

4. A pump box, characterized in that: A sleeve cavity structure comprising a pump, a flow resistor, a pump box inlet and a pump box outlet, wherein the pump comprises a pump cavity, a pump inlet and a pump outlet, wherein the pump comprises a volumetric pump, an axial flow pump or a centrifugal pump, wherein the flow resistor comprises a circuitous flow channel or a grid or a small hole or a slit or a narrow channel or a groove array or a column array or a filter or a one-way valve or a pressure regulating valve or a ball valve having an aperture smaller than that of the first cavity, wherein the pump inlet is connected to the first cavity or the second cavity, When the pump inlet is connected to the first cavity, the first cavity is connected to the flow resistor. The flow resistor is connected to the pump box inlet, the pump outlet is connected to the second cavity, and the second cavity is connected to the pump box outlet. or the flow resistor is connected to the second cavity, the second cavity is connected to the pump box inlet, and the pump box outlet is connected to the pump outlet, When the pump outlet is connected to the first cavity, the first cavity is connected to the flow resistor. The flow resistor is connected to the pump box outlet, the pump inlet is connected to the second cavity, and the second cavity is connected to the pump box inlet. Or the flow resistor is connected to the second cavity, the second cavity is connected to the pump box outlet, and the pump box inlet is connected to the pump inlet.

5. A liquid cooling radiator, characterized in that: A sleeve cavity structure as described in claim 3, comprising a circulation pump and a flow resistor, wherein the circulation pump comprises a pump cavity, a pump inlet and a pump outlet, wherein the circulation pump comprises a volumetric pump or an axial flow pump or a centrifugal pump, wherein the flow resistor comprises a flow resistance structure, wherein the flow resistance structure comprises a circuitous flow channel or a grid or a small hole or a slit or a narrow channel or a groove array or a column array or a filter or a one-way valve or a pressure regulating valve or a ball valve whose aperture is smaller than that of the first cavity, wherein the pump outlet is connected to the first cavity, wherein the first cavity is connected to the flow resistor, wherein the flow resistor is connected to the second cavity, wherein the second cavity is connected to the pump inlet, so as to form a circulation loop isolated from the ambient fluid, wherein a coolant is provided in the circulation loop, wherein the coolant is both the first fluid and the second fluid, wherein the coolant comprises water or a fluorinated liquid or a mineral oil, wherein when the circulation pump is running stably and the coolant is circulating stably, the pressure control structure controls the pressure in the negative pressure section loop to be lower than the ambient pressure, wherein along the circulation direction of the coolant, the section from the flow resistor to the pump inlet is the negative pressure section loop, When the flow resistor is not used as a cold head, it includes a cold head cover, the cold head cover is sealed and connected with the surface to be cooled to form a cold head cavity, or the cold head cover is sealed and connected with a heat conductive block to form a cold head cavity, the heat conductive block is in thermal contact with the surface to be cooled, the heat conductive block is made of a heat conductive material, the heat conductive material includes copper or aluminum or silver or a phase change heat pipe, a cold head cavity is arranged in the cold head cavity, the cold head cavity is in thermal contact with the heat conductive block or the surface to be cooled, and the cold head cavity is connected in series to the negative pressure section circuit, When the flow resistor is used as a cold head, the flow resistor includes a cold head cover, the cold head cover is sealed and connected to the surface to be cooled by heat to form a cold head cavity, or the cold head cover is sealed and connected to the heat conductive block to form a cold head cavity, the heat conductive block is in thermal contact with the surface to be cooled by heat, the heat conductive block is made of a heat conductive material, the heat conductive material includes copper, aluminum, silver or a phase change heat pipe, a cold head cavity is provided in the cold head cavity, the cold head cavity is in thermal contact with the heat conductive block or the surface to be cooled by heat, the middle part of the heat conductive block or the middle part of the surface to be cooled by heat facing the first cavity is connected to the first cavity, a flow resistance structure is arranged around the middle part, and the outer side of the flow resistance structure is connected to the second cavity.

6. The liquid cooling radiator according to claim 5, characterized in that: It includes an evaporation reduction structure, which includes a control valve or a light covering layer or the volume regulator, the control valve includes a one-way valve or a ball valve or a solenoid valve or a pressure reducing valve, the control valve is arranged on the pressure control channel, the light covering layer includes floating oil or a floating block or a waterproof breathable membrane, the density of the light covering layer is less than the first fluid and greater than that of air, the light covering layer is arranged on the liquid surface in the first cavity, the light covering layer has gas above it and coolant below it.

7. The liquid cooling radiator according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the second pressure is lower than the ambient pressure, the combined force generated by the overall pressure between the cold head cover and the heat conducting block or between the cold head cover and the surface to be cooled is the suction force.

8. The liquid cooling radiator according to claim 5, characterized in that: A gas control structure is included to control the gas appearing in the circulation loop to be concentrated in the first cavity along with the circulating coolant. The gas control structure includes an exhaust structure and an air stagnation structure. The exhaust structure is arranged in the circulation loop outside the first cavity. The exhaust structure does not include a structure that can generate large bubbles. The large bubbles refer to one or more bubbles that can affect the circulation pump pumping the coolant. The air stagnation structure is arranged in the first cavity. The air stagnation structure is arranged in the first cavity to prevent part or all of the bubbles in the first cavity from flowing out of the first cavity. The air stagnation structure includes a first cavity outlet arranged below the liquid surface for the coolant to flow out of the first cavity or a spoiler or a gas-liquid separator that reduces the flow rate of the coolant. The gas-liquid separator includes a static stratified type or a rotating centrifugal stratified type.

9. A liquid cooling cabinet, characterized in that: It includes a sleeve cavity structure as described in claim 1, 2 or 3, a heat source to be cooled is provided in the first cavity, the first fluid is a coolant in thermal contact with the heat source, the second fluid is a heat transfer liquid, the first cavity is provided with a heat transfer part, the heat transfer part is in thermal contact with the coolant, the heat transfer part is in thermal contact with the heat transfer liquid, and the heat of the coolant is transferred to the heat transfer liquid, the second cavity is connected to a vacuum source or the second cavity is connected to a pump inlet or the first cavity is connected to a high pressure source, so that the first pressure on the inner side at the same point on the first cavity is greater than the second pressure on the outer side, and the second pressure is lower than the ambient pressure or the second pressure is higher than the ambient pressure.

10. The liquid cooling cabinet according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second chamber includes a separator, and the separator separates the cooling liquid and the heat transfer liquid by temperature or gravity.

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