Hot melt glue gun and control device thereof
By designing the control device for the detection of the grip part on the hot melt glue gun, the safety hazards caused by forgetting to turn off the power supply after use are solved, and the automatic power outage and safety prompts of the heating module are realized to ensure safe operation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420920539.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-29
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-24
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
Forgot to turn off the power supply after use of the existing hot melt glue gun, causing the heating module to continue to heat, which poses a safety hazard, especially when the hot melt glue gun is not placed on the rack, the nozzle position is higher and the hot melt glue may flow out.
A control device is designed, including a detection unit and an electronically controlled switch module. By detecting whether the grip part is held, the power supply of the heating module is controlled, ensuring that the power is cut off when not held, and avoiding repeated disconnection of the power supply in a short time. Delay power outage to prevent safety issues.
It effectively avoids the safety hazards of continuous heating of the heating module after the hot melt glue gun is used, ensures that the heating module is powered off when the operator is not holding it, avoids the outflow of the hot melt glue and safety risks, and provides visual and auditory prompt functions.
Smart Images

Figure CN222220140U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a hot melt glue gun and a control device thereof. Background Art
[0002] Existing hot melt glue guns use the heating and melting of hot melt glue sticks to apply glue to achieve bonding between objects. After the heating module (such as a PTC heater or a heating wire) of the hot melt glue gun is powered on, the glue stick placed in the heating cavity of the nozzle can be heated to melt the glue stick. By pulling the trigger, the subsequent hot melt glue can be pushed forward into the heating cavity, and the melted hot melt glue at the front position can flow out of the gun nozzle and be applied to the object to be glued.
[0003] Hot melt glue guns are widely used in school science and technology innovation activities because they are easy to use. However, in actual applications, students often forget to turn off the power after using the hot melt glue gun, causing the heating module to continue heating the glue stick. Especially when the hot melt glue gun is not placed on a shelf but on a desktop, not only is the position near the nozzle higher, but the hot melt glue at the nozzle outlet may also flow out, causing safety hazards. Utility Model Content
[0004] The problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a hot melt glue gun and a control device thereof, aiming at the problem that after using the hot melt glue gun, the heating module continues to heat up due to the power not being turned off, which causes a safety hazard.
[0005] The utility model provides a control device for a hot melt glue gun, the hot melt glue gun having a gripping portion and a heating module for heating the hot melt glue, characterized in that: the control device comprises an electric control switch module and a detection unit for detecting whether the gripping portion is gripped;
[0006] The detection unit is used to output a first level / a second level when the holding portion is held / not held; the first level and the second level correspond to a high level and a low level respectively;
[0007] The control end of the electric control switch module is electrically connected to the output end of the detection unit, and the first normally open contact of the electric control switch module is electrically connected between the power supply end of the heating module and the output end of the first power supply.
[0008] According to the above technical solution, when the detection unit detects that the gripping part is gripped, it can output a high level, thereby closing the first normally open contact of the electric control switch module, so that the heating module can be powered on and the hot melt glue gun can be used. When the detection unit detects that the gripping part is not gripped, it can output a low level, thereby disconnecting the first normally open contact of the electric control switch module, so that the heating module can be powered off and cannot work, thereby avoiding safety risks.
[0009] In the above technical solution, the electric control switch module includes a relay and a time relay;
[0010] The normally open contact of the time relay with delayed disconnection is the first normally open contact of the electric control switch module, the normally open contact of the relay is the second normally open contact of the electric control switch module, and one end of the coil of the relay is the control end of the electric control switch module;
[0011] One end of the coil of the relay is electrically connected to the output end of the detection unit, and the other end of the coil of the relay is grounded;
[0012] The normally open contact of the relay and the coil of the time relay are electrically connected in series between the output terminal of the second power supply and the ground.
[0013] According to the above technical solution, when the detection unit detects that the holding part is held, it outputs a high level, so that the coil of the relay is energized, and the normally open contact of the relay is closed, so that the coil of the time relay is energized, and the normally open contact of the time relay is further closed, so as to power the heating module and make the heating module energized to work. When the detection unit detects that the holding part is not held, it outputs a low level, so that the coil of the relay is de-energized, and the normally open contact of the relay is disconnected, so that the coil of the time relay is de-energized, and the normally open contact of the time relay is disconnected after the delay setting time, thereby disconnecting the power supply of the heating module, making the heating module unable to work. Among them, the setting time of the delay of the normally open contact of the time relay is set as the existing technical content, that is, it belongs to the inherent characteristics of the time relay. The applicant found during the research that in practice, the operator may use the hot melt glue gun multiple times within a period of time. Through the above settings, when the holding part is not held, the heating module will not be powered off immediately, but after waiting for the delay time, the normally open contact of the time relay with delayed disconnection will be disconnected to power off the heating module. That is, if the operator places the hot melt adhesive chamber to perform other operations (not holding the hot melt glue gun), the heating module will not be powered off immediately. If the operator holds it again before the delay time is up, the detection unit outputs a high level, so that the coil of the relay is energized, and the normally open contact of the relay is closed, thereby energizing the coil of the time relay, and further closing the normally open contact of the time relay with delayed disconnection, so that power can be supplied to the heating module to continue working, avoiding repeated disconnection and closing of the power supply of the heating module in a short time. If the operator places the hot melt adhesive chamber and performs other operations for a long time (not holding the hot melt glue gun), the delay time is reached, and the normally open contact of the time relay with delayed disconnection is disconnected, so that the heating module is powered off, avoiding safety problems.
[0014] In the above technical solution, the detection unit is a touch sensing module; or
[0015] The detection unit is a first temperature switch for detecting the temperature of the holding part. The temperature sensing part of the first temperature switch is arranged on the outer wall of the holding part. One connection end of the first temperature switch is electrically connected to the output end of the second power supply, and the other connection end of the first temperature switch is the output end of the detection unit.
[0016] The applicant discovered during research that when the grip is not held, the temperature of the grip is low, and when held, the temperature of the grip will obviously rise. According to the above technical solution, the temperature sensing portion of the first temperature switch is arranged on the outer wall of the grip, and the temperature of the grip can be detected, that is, the detection of whether the grip is held can be realized by detecting the temperature. When the temperature is high, it reflects that the grip is held, and the first temperature switch can be closed. Since the output end of the second power supply is a high-level signal, the detection unit outputs a high level. In addition, the existing touch sensing module can also be used, that is, the first level / second level can be output when the palm touches / does not touch the grip.
[0017] In the above technical solution, the detection unit includes a first temperature switch for detecting the surface temperature of the gripping portion and a second temperature switch for detecting the ambient temperature; the temperature sensing portion of the first temperature switch is arranged on the outer wall surface of the gripping portion; the temperature sensing portion of the second temperature switch is connected to the outer wall surface of the hot melt glue gun through a heat insulating member;
[0018] One connection end of the first temperature switch and one connection end of the second temperature switch are both electrically connected to the output end of the second power supply;
[0019] The other connection end of the first temperature switch and the other connection end of the second temperature switch are electrically connected to two input ends of the XOR gate circuit respectively; the output end of the XOR gate circuit is the output end of the detection unit.
[0020] In the above technical solution, the detection unit includes a temperature measuring device for monitoring the temperature of the gripping part and a main control unit;
[0021] The output end of the temperature measuring device is electrically connected to the signal input end of the main control unit, and the signal output end of the main control unit is the output end of the detection unit;
[0022] The electronically controlled switch module is a relay, the normally open contact of the relay is the first normally open contact of the electronically controlled switch module, one end of the coil of the relay is the control end of the electronically controlled switch module; one end of the coil of the relay is electrically connected to the output end of the detection unit, and the other end of the coil of the relay is grounded.
[0023] According to the above technical solution, the temperature measuring device detects the temperature of the gripping part and sends the output signal to the main control unit. The main control unit can output a high level or low level signal based on the measurement result of the temperature measuring device to control whether the relay coil is powered on, that is, when the temperature exceeds / does not exceed the threshold, a high level / low level signal is output to power on / off the relay coil. Among them, the main control unit outputs a high level or low level signal based on whether the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device exceeds the threshold, which is the content of the existing technology.
[0024] In the above technical solution, the temperature measuring device is a temperature switch, one end of the temperature switch is electrically connected to the output end of the second power supply, and the other end of the temperature switch is the output end of the temperature measuring device; or
[0025] The temperature measuring device is a temperature sensor.
[0026] According to the above technical solution, if the temperature measuring device is a temperature switch, the temperature switch can be closed / opened according to whether the measured temperature exceeds / does not exceed the temperature threshold, thereby energizing / de-energizing the relay coil.
[0027] In the above technical solution, the control device also includes a timing unit electrically connected to the main control unit.
[0028] According to the above technical solution, when the control unit detects that the output signal of the temperature measuring device does not exceed the temperature threshold, the timing unit can be made to start timing, and when the preset timing time is reached, the control unit can output a low level to cut off the power to the coil. The control unit starts the timing unit according to the input signal, and outputs a low level signal when the preset timing time is reached, which is the content of the existing technology.
[0029] In the above technical solution, the signal output end of the main control unit is also electrically connected to an LED display unit and / or a voice playback module.
[0030] According to the above technical solution, by setting up an LED display unit and / or a voice playing module, a reminder can be played through LED display or voice playing.
[0031] In the above technical solution, the control device also includes a camera arranged on one side of the nozzle of the hot melt glue gun, the output end of the camera is connected to the input end of the display device, and the direction of the camera is the same as the direction of the nozzle of the hot melt glue gun.
[0032] During research, the applicant discovered that when the nozzle of a hot melt glue gun needs to be inserted into an object to bond the internal structure, the operator cannot see the bonding situation (for example, whether the bonding position is correct) due to obstruction. Through the above setting, the bonding position can be photographed by a camera, so that whether the bonding position is correct can be understood through the display on the display screen, and timely adjustments can be made when the direction of the hot melt glue gun nozzle deviates.
[0033] According to the same concept, the utility model also provides a hot melt glue gun, including a glue gun body and also including any of the control devices described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.
[0035] Figure 1 It is a right side schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hot melt glue gun of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;
[0036] Figure 2 It is a left side schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hot melt glue gun of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;
[0037] Figure 3 It is a top view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hot melt glue gun of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;
[0038] Figure 4 2 is a bottom view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hot melt glue gun of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;
[0039] Figure 5 It is a rear view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hot melt glue gun of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;
[0040] Figure 6 It is a front view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hot melt glue gun of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;
[0041] Figure 7 This is a circuit connection diagram of a control device of a hot melt glue gun of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;
[0042] Figure 8 This is a circuit connection diagram of the first temperature switch and the coil of the relay in Embodiment 2 of the present utility model;
[0043] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the first power supply being connected to the heating module through the normally open contact of the relay in Embodiment 2 of the present utility model;
[0044] Fig.10 It is a circuit connection diagram of the first temperature switch, the coil of the relay, the normally open contact of the relay, and the coil of the time relay in Embodiment 3 of the utility model;
[0045] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the first power supply in Example 3 of the utility model being connected to the heating module through the normally open contact of the time relay that is disconnected with a delay;
[0046] In the above drawings: 1. glue gun body; 11. grip; 12. heating module; 13. gun nozzle; 2. temperature sensor; 3. relay; 4. camera; 5. first power supply; 6. display device; 7. main control unit; 81. LED display unit; 82. voice playback module; 9. timing unit; LA, coil of relay; KA, normally open contact of relay; LB, coil of time relay; KB, normally open contact of delayed disconnection of time relay; S1, first temperature switch; 20, box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0048] Example 1
[0049] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the utility model provides a control device for a hot melt glue gun, the hot melt glue gun having a gripping portion 11 and a heating module 12 for heating the hot melt glue, characterized in that: the control device comprises an electric control switch module and a detection unit for detecting whether the gripping portion 11 is gripped;
[0050] The detection unit is used to output a first level / a second level when the holding portion 11 is held / not held; the first level and the second level correspond to a high level and a low level respectively;
[0051] The control end of the electric control switch module is electrically connected to the output end of the detection unit, and the first normally open contact of the electric control switch module is electrically connected to the power supply end of the heating module 12 and the output end of the first power supply 5 (i.e. Figure 8 The first power supply 5 is used to supply power to the heating module 12. The second power supply can be used to output a 5V voltage. The output voltages of the first power supply 5 and the second power supply 12 can be determined according to actual needs.
[0052] The detection unit includes a temperature measuring device for monitoring the temperature of the gripping portion 11 and a main control unit 7;
[0053] The output end of the temperature measuring device is electrically connected to the signal input end of the main control unit 7, and the signal output end of the main control unit 7 is the output end of the detection unit;
[0054] The electronically controlled switch module is a relay 3, the normally open contact KA of the relay is the first normally open contact of the electronically controlled switch module, one end of the coil LA of the relay is the control end of the electronically controlled switch module; one end of the coil LA of the relay is electrically connected to the output end of the detection unit, and the other end of the coil LA of the relay is grounded.
[0055] The temperature measuring device is a temperature sensor 2 .
[0056] The control device further comprises a timing unit 9 electrically connected to the main control unit 7 .
[0057] The signal output end of the main control unit 7 is also electrically connected to an LED display unit 81 and / or a voice playing module 82 .
[0058] In this embodiment, the temperature sensor 2 can adopt a DS18B20 temperature sensor module; the LED display unit 81 can adopt a four-digit digital tube with a voltage of 5V, and the driving chip can adopt TM1637; the voice playback module 82 can adopt a YwRobot voice module.
[0059] The temperature sensor is installed inside the handle, and the temperature sensor will not be squeezed when holding. The electrical connection line of the temperature sensor can be routed inside the glue gun. The temperature sensor is installed inside the handle (for example, the distance from the outer wall of the handle is 1-5mm), and it does not need to be in direct contact with the palm of the human body, and can also measure a relatively accurate temperature. The size can be 15×11MM. The handle can also be made of heat transfer materials, such as acrylic, glass or plastic materials.
[0060] The detection unit may also use a touch sensing module, such as the TK01Lxxxx series touch key module of Zhuanxin Electronics. The touch key module may be arranged inside the handle, and the touch key module will not be squeezed when holding. The touch key module has a certain sensing distance, for example, the touch key module is spaced 1-5 mm from the outer wall of the handle. For example, a groove may be provided on the outer wall of the grip portion, and the touch key module or the temperature sensor 2 may be provided in the groove, and a shell material with a thickness of 1-5 mm is provided on the outside of the touch key module or the temperature sensor 2, and the shell material is flush with the outer wall of the grip portion, and the shell material may be made of heat transfer material, such as acrylic, glass or plastic material.
[0061] The control device also includes a display device 6 and a camera 4 arranged on one side of the nozzle 3 of the hot melt glue gun, wherein the output end of the camera 4 is connected to the input end of the display device 6; the direction of the camera 4 is the same as that of the nozzle 3 of the hot melt glue gun.
[0062] The utility model also provides a hot melt glue gun, comprising a glue gun body 1 and the above-mentioned control device.
[0063] In this embodiment, the high level value range is 2.0--5V, and the low level value range is 0--0.8V.
[0064] The present embodiment is further described in detail below. A multifunctional intelligent hot melt glue gun comprises a glue gun body and a box 20. A camera and a display (not shown in the figure) are arranged outside the glue gun. The four sides and the bottom wall of the box can be made of transparent materials. A display device (such as a digital display, a display screen) and an LED display unit can be arranged outside the box 20. A speaker and a relay can be arranged in the box. A PLC controller (i.e., a main control unit 7) is arranged in the box. By setting the box 20, devices such as a PLC controller, a speaker, and a relay can be arranged in the box, and the wiring of the circuit connection between the device in the box and the main part of the hot melt glue gun is also more convenient. In addition, when the hot melt glue gun is not in use, the box can play a supporting role, avoiding the problem of safety risks caused by placing the hot melt glue gun on the table in the prior art. Moreover, the box does not affect the operation of the hot melt glue gun.
[0065] When the temperature sensor detects that someone is holding the glue gun, the temperature sensor will send a signal to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller will control the lighting of the multi-colored LED light, the opening of the glue gun, and the opening of the speaker (for example, you can set a broadcast: the glue gun is turned on). When the temperature sensor 2 detects that no one is holding the glue gun, the PLC controller controls the display device to display the time, turns off the glue gun after a certain period of time, and turns on the speaker (broadcast: the glue gun is turned off) to prevent the glue gun from continuing to heat up.
[0066] When the camera is turned on, the PLC controller can display the area captured by the camera on the screen in real time by controlling the display. The control of the display by the PLC controller and the real-time display of the captured area are both existing technologies.
[0067] The hot melt glue gun includes a main control unit, a temperature sensor 2, a voice playback module (such as a speaker), an LED display unit, a camera, a display device, a relay and a first power supply. The main control unit can be a PLC controller, a single chip microcomputer or a DSP. The temperature sensor 2 is used to sense whether the gripping part is held, and its output signal can be sent to the main control unit through the general input and output port GPIO. The voice playback module (speaker) can use an existing intelligent voice chip, and the existing technology can be used to record the voice into the chip through an SD card or USB, and the voice playback control can be realized through the existing serial port (UART) of the technology. The LED display unit can use an LED lamp, such as a multi-colored LED. The LED display unit is used to display the status, and the main control unit can control the module through the general input and output port GPIO to realize the status prompt. The display device can be composed of a digital tube, and the main control unit can control the digital display of the display device through GPIO, and can use the existing technology to display timing and stop the heating countdown. The relay is used to receive the signal output by the GPIO port of the main control unit, control the operation of the heating module, and realize the power supply or power off of the heating module.
[0068] The camera can have infrared night vision function, WIFI or USB video transmission interface, and can use existing technology to control the camera's recording and taking pictures through the GPIO port using the main control unit, and can also control auto focus. In WIFI mode, the video stream can be pushed through RTSP, and the external display can pull the stream for display. In USB mode, the display can be docked through the USB interface to display the video.
[0069] The present application uses a temperature sensor 2 to detect the holding state of the glue gun, and determines whether it is held by detecting the temperature change at the hand-held position, thereby turning the glue gun on and off. The LED display unit and speaker of the present application can provide visual and auditory prompts, making it convenient for users to understand the working state of the glue gun. The present application scheme can meet the needs of general users and can be expanded and improved according to actual conditions. The application scheme is more comprehensive in providing audiovisual prompts and is suitable for a wider range of user groups.
[0070] Example 2
[0071] like Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, the difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the temperature measuring device is a temperature switch S1, one end of the temperature switch S1 is electrically connected to the output end of the second power supply, and the other end of the temperature switch S1 is the output end of the temperature measuring device.
[0072] Example 3
[0073] like Fig.10 , Fig.11As shown, the difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that the electric control switch module includes a relay 3 and a time relay; the time relay's delayed disconnected normally open contact KB is the first normally open contact of the electric control switch module, the relay's normally open contact KA is the second normally open contact of the electric control switch module, and one end of the relay's coil LA is the control end of the electric control switch module; one end of the relay's coil LA is electrically connected to the output end of the detection unit, and the other end of the relay's coil LA is grounded; the relay's normally open contact KA and the time relay's coil LB are electrically connected in series between the second power supply output end and the ground. The detection unit is a first temperature switch S1 for detecting the temperature of the gripping portion 11, the temperature sensing portion of the first temperature switch S1 is arranged on the outer wall of the gripping portion 11, one connection end of the first temperature switch S1 is electrically connected to the second power supply output end, and the other connection end of the first temperature switch S1 is the output end of the detection unit.
[0074] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.
[0075] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the contents are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, modifications of various equivalent forms of the present invention by those skilled in the art fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
Claims
1. A control device for a hot melt glue gun, the hot melt glue gun comprising a gripping portion (11) and a heating module (12) for heating the hot melt glue, characterized in that: The control device comprises an electric control switch module and a detection unit for detecting whether the holding portion (11) is held; The detection unit is used to output a first level / a second level when the holding portion (11) is held / not held; the first level and the second level correspond to a high level and a low level respectively; The control end of the electric control switch module is electrically connected to the output end of the detection unit, and the first normally open contact of the electric control switch module is electrically connected between the power supply end of the heating module (12) and the output end of the first power supply (5).
2. The control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronically controlled switch module comprises a relay (3) and a time relay; The time-delayed disconnected normally open contact (KB) of the time relay is the first normally open contact of the electric control switch module, the normally open contact (KA) of the relay is the second normally open contact of the electric control switch module, and one end of the coil (LA) of the relay is the control end of the electric control switch module; One end of the coil (LA) of the relay is electrically connected to the output end of the detection unit, and the other end of the coil (LA) of the relay is grounded; The normally open contact (KA) of the relay and the coil (LB) of the time relay are electrically connected in series between the output terminal of the second power supply and the ground.
3. The control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection unit is a touch sensing module; or The detection unit is a first temperature switch (S1) for detecting the temperature of the gripping portion (11); a temperature sensing portion of the first temperature switch (S1) is arranged on an outer wall surface of the gripping portion (11); one connection end of the first temperature switch (S1) is electrically connected to an output end of a second power supply; and the other connection end of the first temperature switch (S1) is an output end of the detection unit.
4. The control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection unit comprises a temperature measuring device for monitoring the temperature of the gripping portion (11), and a main control unit (7); The output end of the temperature measuring device is electrically connected to the signal input end of the main control unit (7), and the signal output end of the main control unit (7) is the output end of the detection unit; The electric control switch module is a relay (3); the normally open contact (KA) of the relay is a first normally open contact of the electric control switch module; one end of the coil (LA) of the relay is a control end of the electric control switch module; one end of the coil (LA) of the relay is electrically connected to the output end of the detection unit, and the other end of the coil (LA) of the relay is grounded.
5. The control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature measuring device is a temperature switch (S1), one end of the temperature switch (S1) is electrically connected to the output end of the second power supply, and the other end of the temperature switch (S1) is the output end of the temperature measuring device; or The temperature measuring device is a temperature sensor (2).
6. The control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control device further comprises a timing unit (9) electrically connected to the main control unit (7).
7. The control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The signal output end of the main control unit (7) is also electrically connected to an LED display unit (81) and / or a voice playback module (82).
8. The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The control device further comprises a display device (6) and a camera (4) arranged on one side of the nozzle (13) of the hot melt glue gun, wherein an output end of the camera (4) is connected to an input end of the display device (6); and the orientation of the camera (4) is the same as that of the nozzle (13) of the hot melt glue gun.
9. A hot melt glue gun, comprising a glue gun body (1), characterized in that: It also comprises a control device according to any one of claims 1-8.
