Desertification control science popularization model device
By designing a transparent wind tunnel model to show the wind and sand movement and wind prevention and sand fixing effects, it solves the problem of the lack of integrity and intuitiveness of existing popular science media, improves the public's awareness and participation in desertification prevention and control, and helps the public find an effective combination of wind and sand prevention and sand fixing solutions. .
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421053474.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
The existing popular science media for desertification prevention and control lacks holistic design and is not intuitive, making it difficult for the public to fully understand wind and sand movement, plant configuration and engineering measures, resulting in the public's understanding of the narrow level of afforestation.
Design a popular science device including a transparent wind tunnel model to simulate the wind and sand movement process, and display the wind and sand fixing effects of plants and engineering measures through fan sections, stabilization sections, experimental sections and collection sections. The public can participate in the configuration combination method to explore the lowest cost windproof and sand fixing solution.
A vivid and intuitive demonstration of the desertification prevention and control process has been achieved, public participation and overall understanding of wind and sand fixing measures have been improved, and the public has found a combination of ways to achieve better wind and sand fixing effects at the lowest cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN222300192U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of desertification prevention and control science popularization, and more specifically to a desertification prevention and control science popularization model device. Background Art
[0002] Desertification refers to the land degradation process in which the balance of the natural fragile ecosystem is destroyed due to natural factors or human activities under the sandy surface conditions in extremely arid, arid and semi-arid and some semi-humid areas, and wind-sand activities are the main signs, gradually forming wind erosion and aeolian landform structure landscapes. Land desertification not only causes the decline of land productivity, but also becomes the source of sandstorms, aggravating the harm of wind and sand. Therefore, desertification prevention and control has always been widely valued and is a necessary measure to improve the ecological environment and promote sustainable social and economic development.
[0003] At present, popular science media for desertification prevention and control, such as traditional paper media, popular science videos, exhibition boards and picture albums, etc., generally lack overall design and are not intuitive. Most of the public can only understand fragments of information and find it difficult to fully understand the basic knowledge of desertification prevention and control, such as wind and sand movement, plant configuration, and engineering measures. As a result, most of the public only have a narrow understanding of afforestation. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of this, the utility model proposes a desertification prevention and control popular science model device, and its specific technical scheme is as follows:
[0005] A popular science model device for desertification prevention and control comprises a transparent wind tunnel model which is closed from top to bottom and front to back, wherein an openable sealed top plate is arranged at the top of the wind tunnel model; the wind tunnel model comprises a fan section, a stabilization section and an experimental section from left to right, wherein the fan section, the stabilization section and the experimental section are connected in sequence end to end, and the right side of the experimental section is connected to a collecting section which is also transparent; the left side of the fan section is an air inlet, wherein an electric fan is installed inside; a honeycomb and a damping net are installed in sequence along the left and right directions inside the stabilization section; the inside of the experimental section is used to place sand, plant models and engineering measure models, and a speed measuring device for measuring and displaying the wind speed inside the experimental section in real time is also installed in the middle section of the experimental section; the overall height of the collecting section is higher than the wind tunnel model located on its left side, and an openable air-permeable dense mesh net is installed on the top of the collecting section.
[0006] The utility model is a popular science model device for desertification prevention and control, which is used to comprehensively demonstrate the wind and sand movement process in the process of desertification prevention and control, and the wind-proof and sand-fixing effects of different combination configurations of plants and engineering measures, so that the public can form an overall understanding.
[0007] Preferably, the wind tunnel model is a square tube made of a transparent acrylic plate, the thickness of the transparent acrylic plate is not less than 2 mm, the height and width of the square tube are both 50 to 80 cm, and the length is 3 to 5 m.
[0008] Preferably, a protective net is installed at one end of the air inlet of the fan section.
[0009] Preferably, the honeycomb is made of an acrylic plate or a plastic plate and fixed on the inner side wall of the stabilizing section; the honeycomb is formed by connecting a plurality of regular hexagonal honeycomb cells.
[0010] Preferably, the damping mesh is designed with two layers, and the two layers of the damping mesh are 2 to 5 cm apart; each layer of the damping mesh is made of a stainless steel wire mesh with a pore size of 2mm×2mm and a wire diameter of 0.3mm, and is installed on the inner wall 10 to 20 cm behind the honeycomb and perpendicular to the axis of the wind tunnel model.
[0011] Preferably, the fan section in the wind tunnel model is 20 to 30 cm long, the stable section is 30 to 50 cm long, and the rest is the experimental section; the collecting section is 30 to 50 cm long, and the height and width are both 100 to 120 cm.
[0012] Preferably, the speed measuring device is a Pitot tube anemometer, an air pressure pipe of the Pitot tube anemometer is installed on the inner wall of the middle section of the experimental section, and a static pressure pipe and a data collector of the Pitot tube anemometer are placed outside the wind tunnel model.
[0013] Preferably, the air-permeable dense mesh is made of a stainless steel wire mesh with a pore size of 0.1 mm×0.1 mm and a wire diameter of 0.3 mm.
[0014] Preferably, the sand is dry sand that has passed through a sieve with an aperture of 2 mm×2 mm, and is evenly spread on the bottom of the experimental section with a thickness of 5 to 10 cm.
[0015] Preferably, the plant models are divided into tree models, shrub belt models, and herbaceous belt models. The plant models are made of plastic and buried in the sand, and the height of the plant models cannot exceed 1 / 3 of the height of the experimental section; the engineering measures models are divided into straw sand barriers, tree branch sand barriers, and geotextile sand barriers. The straw sand barriers are made of wheat straw bundled with thin wires, the tree branch sand barriers are made of thin wooden sticks with a diameter not exceeding 5 mm bundled with thin wires, and the geotextile sand barriers are made of geotextile bundled on thin wooden sticks with a diameter not exceeding 5 mm with thin wires.
[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the utility model of a desertification prevention and control popular science model device has the following advantages:
[0017] 1. The utility model is simple to manufacture, low in cost and easy to operate.
[0018] 2. The utility model can comprehensively demonstrate the wind and sand movement process, the wind-proof and sand-fixing effects of plants and engineering measures, which is vivid and intuitive, allowing the public to have an overall understanding of desertification prevention and control.
[0019] 3. The utility model sets the cost of plants and engineering measures, allowing the public to participate in the implementation of different configuration combinations of measures, allowing the public to explore the combination of plants and engineering measures that can achieve better wind-proof and sand-fixing effects in a lowest-cost manner, thereby increasing public participation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.
[0021] Figure 1 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a popular science model device for desertification prevention and control.
[0022] Figure 2 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the structure of a honeycomb device in a popular science model device for desertification prevention and control.
[0023] In the figure: 1-fan section, 2-stabilization section, 3-experimental section, 4-collection section, 5-sealed top plate, 6-electric fan, 7-honeycomb, 8-damping net, 9-sand, 10-plant model, 11-engineering measure model, 12-ventilated dense mesh, 13-protective net, 14-Pitot tube anemometer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0025] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
[0026] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0027] Example:
[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the present embodiment provides a popular science model device for desertification prevention and control, comprising a transparent wind tunnel model which is closed from top to bottom and front to back, and an openable sealed top plate 5 is arranged at the top of the wind tunnel model; the wind tunnel model comprises a fan section 1, a stable section 2, and an experimental section 3 from left to right, and the fan section 1, the stable section 2 and the experimental section 3 are connected end to end in sequence, and the right side of the experimental section 3 is connected to a collecting section 4 which is also transparent; the left side of the fan section 1 is an air inlet, and an electric fan 6 is installed inside; a honeycomb 7 and a damping net 8 are installed in sequence along the left and right directions inside the stable section 2; sand 9, a plant model 10 and an engineering measure model 11 are placed inside the experimental section 3, and a speed measuring device for measuring and displaying the wind speed inside the experimental section in real time is also installed in the middle section of the experimental section 3; the overall height of the collecting section 4 is higher than the wind tunnel model located on its left side, and an openable ventilation dense mesh 12 is installed on the top of the collecting section 4.
[0029] In a further specific embodiment, the wind tunnel model is a square tube made of a transparent acrylic plate. The height and width of the square tube are both 50 to 80 cm and the length is 3 to 5 m. The thickness of the transparent acrylic plate material used is not less than 2 mm to ensure durability.
[0030] Moreover, the sealing top plate 5 of the square tube is designed to be openable, so as to facilitate the laying of sand 9, plant models 10, engineering measures models 11, and to facilitate the maintenance and replacement of other components such as the electric fan 6.
[0031] In a further specific embodiment, the fan section 1 is 20 to 30 cm long, and an electric fan 6 for generating wind is installed inside the fan section 1, and a protective net 13 is installed at one end of the air inlet to prevent debris or human interference. Figure 1The direction indicated by the arrow is the direction of the wind.
[0032] In a further specific embodiment, the stabilizing section 2 is 30 to 50 cm long and has the function of suppressing wind tunnel noise and stabilizing the turbulent and uneven airflow, attenuating the vortex, and making the wind speed and direction more evenly distributed.
[0033] More specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the honeycomb 7 in the stabilizing section 2 is made of an acrylic plate or a plastic plate and fixed on the inner side wall of the stabilizing section 2; the honeycomb 7 is formed by connecting a plurality of regular hexagonal honeycomb cells. Figure 2 As shown, the honeycomb 7 has an aspect ratio of about 10, a wall thickness of 0.1 mm, a side length of a circumscribed circle, and a regular hexagonal honeycomb cell with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 50 mm.
[0034] The function of the damping net 8 in the stabilizing section 2 is to make the airflow more uniform and smooth. It is designed with two layers, and the two layers of damping net 8 are 2 to 5 cm apart; each layer of damping net 8 is made of a stainless steel wire mesh with a pore size of 2mm×2mm (10 mesh) and a wire diameter of 0.3mm. It is installed on the inner wall 10 to 20 cm behind the honeycomb 7 and is perpendicular to the axis of the wind tunnel model.
[0035] In this embodiment, the rest of the square tube except the fan section 1 and the stabilizing section 2 is the experimental section 3. After opening the sealing top plate 5, sand 9, a plant model 10 and an engineering measure model 11 can be placed in the experimental section 3 to demonstrate the wind and sand movement process, and the sand control and fixation effects of different combinations of plants and engineering measures.
[0036] In addition, the speed measuring device in the middle section of the experimental section is specifically a Pitot tube anemometer 14. The air pressure pipe of the Pitot tube anemometer 14 is installed on the inner wall of the middle section of the experimental section 3, and the static pressure pipe and data acquisition device of the Pitot tube anemometer 14 are placed outside the wind tunnel model for measuring and displaying the wind speed in real time.
[0037] In a further specific embodiment, the collecting section 4 is 30-50 cm long, 100-120 cm high and wide, and is used to collect sand 9. The air-permeable mesh 12 at the top of the collecting section 4 is made of a stainless steel wire mesh with an aperture of 0.1 mm × 0.1 mm (150 mesh) and a wire diameter of 0.3 mm. When the sand-carrying airflow reaches the collecting section 4, the wind speed will naturally decrease due to the increase in the size of the collecting section 4, and the sand-carrying capacity will decrease. The sand 9 is separated from the wind and falls to the bottom of the experimental section 3, and the decelerated wind is blown out from the top stainless steel wire mesh.
[0038] In the utility model, after removing the impurities from the sand 9, it is passed through a 2mm×2mm sieve, dried, and evenly spread on the bottom of the experimental section 3 with a thickness of 5 to 10 cm. When the demonstration is over, the ventilation mesh 12 at the top of the collection section 4 is opened, the sand 9 is collected, and re-laid on the experimental section 3 for the next demonstration.
[0039] At the same time, the plant models used in this device are divided into three types: trees (single plant), shrubs (belts), and herbs (belts). The plant models are made of plastic, and the height of the plant models cannot exceed 1 / 3 of the height of the experimental section. When the plant model is buried in the sand of the experimental section, it is set to be planted.
[0040] The planting prices of different plant models can also be further set: according to the cost accounting in the actual work of desertification prevention and control, the cost of planting trees is about 50 yuan / plant, 20 yuan / m2 of shrub belts, and 10 yuan / m2 of herbaceous belts.
[0041] The engineering models used in this device are also divided into three types: wheat straw sand barrier, tree branch sand barrier, and geotextile sand barrier. The wheat straw sand barrier is made of wheat straw stalks bundled with thin wires, the tree branch sand barrier is made of thin wooden sticks with a diameter not exceeding 5 mm bundled with thin wires, and the geotextile sand barrier is made of geotextile bundled with thin wooden sticks with a diameter not exceeding 5 mm with thin wires.
[0042] In actual work, the height of sand barriers generally does not exceed 30cm, and the model must be scaled proportionally: taking the example of a tree model with a height of 20cm representing an actual height of 3m, that is, the scaling ratio is 1:15, then the sand barrier model height of 2cm represents an actual height of 30cm, and 7cm represents an actual width of 1m.
[0043] You can also further set different prices for sand barrier layout: wheat straw sand barrier 10 yuan / m, tree branch sand barrier 20 yuan / m, geotextile sand barrier 5 yuan / m.
[0044] The public can also automatically choose the layout of sand barriers based on cost and wind-breaking and sand-fixing effects, such as grid, strip, fish-scale, and serpentine arrangements.
[0045] The operation process of the utility model of a desertification prevention and control popular science model device is as follows:
[0046] ① First, check whether the circuit is safe, whether there is any debris on the electric fan, and whether there is any obstruction at the air outlet at the end of the experimental section.
[0047] ② First, lay sand 9 in the experimental section 3, cover and fix the sealing top plate 5, turn on the electric fan 6, set the low speed wind first, and observe the wind speed change on the pitot tube display. When the wind speed is below 4.5m / s (level 3 wind), the sand 9 will generally not be blown up; adjust the fan speed faster, when it exceeds 4.5m / s (level 3 wind), the sand 9 will be blown up, forming a sandstorm; continue to adjust the fan speed faster, the sand 9 blown up by the wind will be more and more, and the sandstorm phenomenon will become more and more serious. This process can let the public understand that not all winds can cause sandstorms, but only when the wind speed reaches the conditions for sand-raising winds can it cause sandstorms, and can intuitively feel the severity of sandstorms under different wind speed conditions.
[0048] ③ After turning off the electric fan 6, let the public observe the surface of the sand and soil. Generally, it will be found that relatively coarse sand particles will remain on the surface of the sand and soil. This phenomenon is called soil coarsening. This is because after the wind blows away the finer sand and soil particles, the coarser sand and soil particles will remain in place.
[0049] ④ After allowing the public to arrange the plant model 10 and the engineering measure model 11 into different configuration combinations, turn on the electric fan 6 again to blow air to a wind speed of more than 4.5 m / s (level 3 wind), and allow the public to observe the intuitive wind-proof and sand-fixing effects of the plants and engineering measures in different configuration combinations, and allow the public to explore by themselves the combination of plants and engineering measures that can achieve better wind-proof and sand-fixing effects in a lowest-cost manner.
[0050] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.
[0051] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A desertification prevention and control popular science model device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a transparent wind tunnel model which is closed at top and bottom and front and back, and an openable sealed top plate is arranged at the top of the wind tunnel model; the wind tunnel model comprises a fan section, a stabilization section and an experimental section from left to right, and the fan section, the stabilization section and the experimental section are connected in sequence from end to end, and the right side of the experimental section is connected to a collecting section which is also transparent; the left side of the fan section is an air inlet, and an electric fan is installed inside; a honeycomb and a damping net are installed in sequence along the left and right directions inside the stabilization section; the inside of the experimental section is used to place sand, plant models and engineering measure models, and the middle section of the experimental section is also equipped with a speed measuring device for measuring and displaying the wind speed inside the experimental section in real time; the overall height of the collecting section is higher than the wind tunnel model located on its left side, and an openable air-permeable dense mesh is installed on the top of the collecting section.
2. The desertification prevention and control popular science model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind tunnel model is a square tube made of a transparent acrylic plate, the thickness of the transparent acrylic plate is not less than 2 mm, the height and width of the square tube are both 50 to 80 cm, and the length is 3 to 5 m.
3. A desertification prevention and control popular science model device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A protective net is installed at one end of the air inlet of the fan section.
4. A desertification prevention and control popular science model device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The honeycomb is made of an acrylic plate or a plastic plate and fixed on the inner side wall of the stabilizing section; the honeycomb is formed by connecting a plurality of regular hexagonal honeycomb cells.
5. The desertification prevention and control popular science model device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The damping net is designed with two layers, and the two layers of the damping net are 2 to 5 cm apart; each layer of the damping net is made of a stainless steel wire mesh with an aperture of 2 mm×2 mm and a wire diameter of 0.3 mm, and is installed on the inner wall 10 to 20 cm behind the honeycomb and perpendicular to the axis of the wind tunnel model.
6. The desertification prevention and control popular science model device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fan section in the wind tunnel model is 20 to 30 cm long, the stable section is 30 to 50 cm long, and the rest is the experimental section; the collecting section is 30 to 50 cm long, and the height and width are both 100 to 120 cm.
7. The desertification prevention and control popular science model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The speed measuring device is a Pitot tube anemometer, an air pressure pipe of the Pitot tube anemometer is installed on the inner side wall of the middle section of the experimental section, and a static pressure pipe and a data collector of the Pitot tube anemometer are placed outside the wind tunnel model.
8. The desertification prevention and control popular science model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-permeable dense mesh is made of a stainless steel wire mesh with a pore size of 0.1 mm×0.1 mm and a wire diameter of 0.3 mm.
9. The desertification prevention and control popular science model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand is dry sand that has passed through a sieve with an aperture of 2 mm×2 mm, and is evenly spread on the bottom of the experimental section with a thickness of 5 to 10 cm.
10. The desertification prevention and control popular science model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant models are divided into tree models, shrub belt models, and herb belt models. The plant models are made of plastic and buried in the sand. The height of the plant models cannot exceed 1 / 3 of the height of the experimental section. The engineering measures models are divided into straw sand barriers, tree branch sand barriers, and geotextile sand barriers. The straw sand barriers are made of wheat straw bundled with thin wires, the tree branch sand barriers are made of thin wooden sticks with a diameter not exceeding 5 mm bundled with thin wires, and the geotextile sand barriers are made of geotextile bundled on thin wooden sticks with a diameter not exceeding 5 mm with thin wires.