Material feeding system and device for electrolytic aluminum

Abstract

The utility model provides a material feeding system and device for electrolytic aluminum, the material feeding system for electrolytic aluminum comprises a main material bin, an auxiliary material bin, a first material conveying assembly, a second material conveying assembly and a first material mixing bin, the first material conveying assembly is connected with the main material bin, and the second material conveying assembly is connected with the auxiliary material bin; conveying pipelines of the first material conveying assembly and the second material conveying assembly intersect to form a material mixing section, a primary mixed material conveyed by the material mixing section is in butt joint with the first material mixing bin, and the first material mixing bin is in butt joint with the electrolytic cell after homogenizing the primary material again; electrolyte taking aluminum oxide as a base material is loaded in the electrolytic bath, and a plurality of molten aluminum discharging pipes are further arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic bath; and the auxiliary material bin is used for bearing aluminum fluoride and / or a cosolvent. According to the electrolytic aluminum feeding device, the uniformity of electrolytic aluminum feeding is improved, and the electrolysis quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electrolytic aluminum, and in particular to a material feeding system and device for electrolytic aluminum. Background Art

[0002] In the field of aluminum smelting technology, electrolysis is a common processing technology. During electrolysis, a carbon electrode is inserted into a molten aluminum oxide electrolyte. After power is turned on, the cathode disappears, and the generated liquid aluminum is precipitated at the bottom of the electrolytic cell and separated from the electrolytic cell by the bottom pipeline. As the electrolysis process proceeds, aluminum oxide is consumed, and it is necessary to continuously add aluminum oxide to the electrolytic cell. In addition, in order to optimize the electrolysis environment, fluoride salts (aluminum fluoride) need to be added as electrolysis improvers or catalysts. In the existing method, aluminum fluoride is directly introduced at the top of the electrolytic cell, but when the volume of the electrolytic cell increases, this local introduction of aluminum fluoride cannot be quickly dispersed and fully mixed with the electrolyte, which seriously affects the electrolysis effect. Therefore, the utility model provides a material feeding system and device for electrolytic aluminum to improve the problem of uneven feeding in the electrolytic cell. Utility Model Content

[0003] The embodiment of the utility model provides a material feeding system and device for electrolytic aluminum, which can solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

[0004] In the first aspect, the utility model provides a material feeding system for electrolytic aluminum, including a main material bin, an auxiliary material bin, a first feeding component, a second feeding component and a first mixing bin, wherein the first feeding component is connected to the main material bin, the second feeding component is connected to the auxiliary material bin, the conveying pipelines of the first feeding component and the second feeding component intersect to form a mixing section, the primary mixed material transmitted by the mixing section is connected to the first mixing bin, and the first mixing bin is connected to the electrolytic cell after the primary material is uniformly mixed again; the electrolytic cell contains an electrolyte with alumina as the base material, and a plurality of aluminum liquid discharge pipes are also provided at the bottom of the electrolytic cell; the auxiliary material bin is used to carry aluminum fluoride and / or, a solvent, and the aluminum fluoride is in powder form.

[0005] Optionally, it also includes a second mixing bin, which is arranged between the first mixing bin and the electrolytic cell and lower than the first mixing bin, and a first chute is arranged between the first mixing bin and the second mixing bin.

[0006] Optionally, the first mixing bin is a U-shaped bin, and a feeding shaft is provided in the U-shaped bin.

[0007] Optionally, a vibrating screen is provided at the intersection of the second material feeding component and the first material feeding component.

[0008] Optionally, the first material conveying component and the second material conveying component are a material conveying pipe and a spiral rotor arranged in the material conveying pipe, or are a conveyor belt, and a motor drives the conveyor belt to convey materials.

[0009] Optionally, a negative pressure is set inside the feed pipe of the first feed assembly.

[0010] Optionally, the co-solvent is cryolite (ie, Na3AlF6), and the cross-section of the electrolytic cell is trapezoidal or V-shaped.

[0011] Optionally, a cathode and an anode are provided in the electrolytic cell, and both the anode and the cathode are carbon rods, and the reaction equation of the cathode is: 2Al2O3+3C+4Al+3CO2↑.

[0012] Optionally, the top of the electrolytic cell is sealed and comprises a fume collecting device, wherein the fume collecting device is configured to absorb gas products after electrolysis in the electrolytic cell.

[0013] In a second aspect, the utility model provides a feeding device, which includes any of the aforementioned material feeding systems for electrolytic aluminum, and also includes a controller, and the controller controls the electronic equipment in the material feeding system for electrolytic aluminum.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] In the utility model, a first feeding component is provided to be connected with the main material bin to transport the material in the main material bin, and a second feeding component is provided to be connected with the auxiliary material bin to transport the material in the auxiliary material bin, wherein the conveying pipelines of the first feeding component and the second feeding component intersect to form a mixing section, so that the materials in the main material bin and the auxiliary material bin are mixed once during the transmission process, and the materials are evenly mixed by controlling the material transmission speed; in addition, the primary mixture after being mixed once in the mixing section is then transmitted to the mixing bin, and the primary mixture is evenly mixed again in the mixing bin before being put into the electrolytic cell, and after multiple mixing processes, the materials in the main material bin and the auxiliary material bin are fully mixed and evenly mixed, and then directly put into the electrolytic cell for electrolytic reaction, thereby improving the electrolysis efficiency and electrolyte amount of electrolytic aluminum. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a material feeding system for electrolytic aluminum provided by the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 It shows a schematic diagram of the electrolytic cell layers in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structure of an electrolytic cell in an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Reference numerals:

[0020] 1. Main material bin; 2. Auxiliary material bin; 3. First feeding assembly; 4. Second feeding assembly; 5. First mixing bin; 6. Electrolytic cell; 61. Feed inlet; 62: Steel cover; 100. Mixing section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the application embodiments will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the application embodiments. In addition, the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0022] It should also be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity from another entity, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that an article or terminal device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such article or terminal device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the article or terminal device including the elements.

[0023] In the process of aluminum electrolysis, as the electrolysis proceeds, electrolyte and electrolytic catalyst need to be continuously added to the electrolytic cell 6. Generally, powdered materials will be lost by flying when added, and after being added to the electrolytic cell 6, they cannot be fully integrated with the electrolyte on the surface or local area of ​​the electrolyte, which seriously affects the quality and efficiency of the electrolysis. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a feeding system that can improve the flying of materials and uneven feeding during the electrolysis process. Therefore, the utility model provides a material feeding system and device for aluminum electrolysis, and the system is described in detail below.

[0024] The first aspect is a material feeding system for electrolytic aluminum provided by the utility model, comprising a main material bin 1, an auxiliary material bin 2, a first feeding component 3, a second feeding component 4 and a first mixing bin 5, wherein the first feeding component 3 is connected to the main material bin 1, the second feeding component 4 is connected to the auxiliary material bin 2, and the conveying pipelines of the first feeding component 3 and the second feeding component 4 intersect to form a mixing section 100, and the primary mixed material transmitted by the mixing section 100 is connected to the first mixing bin 5, and the first mixing bin 5 is used to mix the primary material evenly again and then put it into the electrolytic cell 6; the electrolytic cell 6 contains an electrolyte with alumina as the base material, and a plurality of aluminum liquid discharge pipes are also provided at the bottom of the electrolytic cell 6; the auxiliary material bin 2 is used to carry aluminum fluoride and / or, a solvent, and the aluminum fluoride is in powder form.

[0025] Aluminum is the most widely used metal extracted from natural bauxite. It is the metal with the largest amount of natural occurrence. The ratio of bauxite refining to pure aluminum is about 6:1, that is, six tons of bauxite can be purified to produce one ton of pure aluminum. Bauxite needs to be purified into alumina, and then the alumina is electrolyzed into aluminum. Among them, about three tons of alumina can make one ton of aluminum.

[0026] Specifically, bauxite is ground into ore sand by a ball mill, alumina is dissolved from the ore sand, and then the Bayer process is used, that is, bauxite is first mixed with lime and sodium hydroxide, and then put into a high-pressure container and heated to 200°C to form sodium aluminate, and pure alumina is obtained after treatment in a treatment tank; then the pure alumina is dissolved into a molten state at a high temperature of 900°C in a separation furnace, a carbon rod is inserted into the molten liquid, and a 150,000 ampere current is passed to make the oxygen and carbon in the electrolytic molten liquid form carbon dioxide, and the aluminum generated by electrolysis sinks to the bottom, and finally the bottom aluminum liquid is introduced into a crucible, and the aluminum liquid is poured into a mold using the crucible to cast into an aluminum ingot or aluminum block. According to the quality requirements of the finished aluminum, it also includes refining the aluminum liquid and then forming an aluminum block or aluminum ingot.

[0027] In the present utility model, if Figure 1 As shown, a first feeding component 3 is provided to be connected with the main material bin 1 to transport the material in the main material bin 1, and a second feeding component 4 is provided to be connected with the auxiliary material bin 2 to transport the material in the tree hole auxiliary material bin 2, wherein the first feeding component 3 and the second feeding component 4 are crossed to form a mixing section 100, so that the materials in the main material bin 1 and the auxiliary material bin 2 are mixed once during the transmission process, and the materials are evenly mixed by controlling the material transmission speed; in addition, the primary mixture after being mixed once in the mixing section 100 is then transmitted to the mixing bin, and the primary mixture is evenly mixed again by the mixing bin and then put into the electrolytic cell 6, and after multiple mixing processes, the materials in the main material bin 1 and the auxiliary material bin 2 are fully mixed and evenly mixed, and then directly put into the electrolytic cell 6 for electrolysis reaction, thereby improving the electrolysis efficiency and electrolyte amount of electrolytic aluminum.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the electrolytic cell 6 contains an electrolyte with alumina (Al2O3) as the base material and mixed with fluoride salts (AlF3 or NaF, CaF2, etc.), the positive and negative electrodes of the electrolysis are carbon rods, and the carbon rod of the cathode is sacrificed and consumed during the electrolysis process. The aluminum produced by the electrolysis sinks to the bottom of the electrolytic cell 6, and the molten aluminum liquid is output to the crucible through the aluminum liquid discharge pipe at the bottom. The crucible is used to move the aluminum liquid to a mold to cool it down and form it into an aluminum block or an aluminum ingot. Among them, Figure 2 As shown, after electrolysis in the electrolytic cell 6, the bottom layer of the electrolytic cell 6 is a precipitation layer of other impurities, and the lighter aluminum liquid is between the electrolyte layer and the precipitation layer, and the aluminum liquid is discharged from the aluminum liquid layer.

[0029] Figure 3 As shown in the figure, a steel cover 62 is provided on the top of the electrolytic cell 6 to close the slot of the electrolytic cell 6. In addition, the feed port 61 is used to introduce the mixed material into the electrolytic cell 6. In this embodiment, there is no specific limitation on the structure, size and setting position of the feed port 61, which can be designed according to actual needs.

[0030] It should be noted that the bottom of the electrolytic cell 6 can be configured to have a trapezoidal or "V"-shaped cross-section, which can increase the fluidity of the aluminum liquid and the electrolyte and facilitate the collection and flow of the aluminum liquid.

[0031] The equation for the above electrolysis process is:

[0032]

[0033] As can be seen from the above equation, the gaseous product carbon dioxide produced by electrolysis may also contain carbon monoxide in actual use. Since carbon monoxide is harmful to the human body and the environment, a gas treatment and collection device is also included at the top of the electrolytic cell 6 to burn carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide, recover excess heat and then discharge carbon dioxide. The specific collection and treatment device is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0034] It should be noted that the inside of the feed pipe of the aforementioned first feed assembly is set to a negative pressure state, and the resistance of the negative pressure environment is small, which is conducive to the doping and mixing of materials.

[0035] In some embodiments, the primary mixed material in the first mixing bin 5 can be mixed again in the second mixing bin, and the material in the second mixing bin is put into the electrolytic cell 6 after the second mixing. After the second mixing, the material can be mixed evenly, which increases the uniformity of the material. The second mixing bin can also be set lower than the first mixing bin 5, so that the primary mixed material in the first mixing bin 5 slides to the second mixing bin under the action of its own weight, or a first chute is set between the first mixing bin 5 and the second mixing bin, so that the primary mixed material slides to the second mixing bin through the first chute. The specific selection can be based on actual adaptability.

[0036] In addition, in some embodiments, the first mixing bin 5 is a U-shaped bin, and a feeding shaft is provided in the U-shaped bin. When the feeding shaft rotates, it can not only mix the primary mixed material again, but also push the mixed primary mixed material so that the primary mixed material is transported to the target position. The principle of the feeding shaft material replacement is that the rotating rotor can stir the primary mixed material, so that all the primary mixed materials in the entire U-shaped trough are mixed again to increase the uniformity of the primary mixed material.

[0037] In some embodiments, the uniformity of feeding can be improved by multi-point feeding, that is, multiple feeding ports 61 are set according to the size of the electrolytic cell 6 for feeding. Specifically, the position and number of the feeding ports 61 can be set according to the size of the electrolytic cell 6, the speed of electrolysis and other parameters. This embodiment does not impose specific restrictions on this. Of course, a hollow cylindrical mixing bin can also be used, and the rotor is set inside. The rotor can be set to rotate from the two ends of the mixing bin to the middle, so that the once mixed materials at the two ends are rolled to the middle for re-mixing, which can further increase the mixing effect of the first mixing bin 5.

[0038] In some embodiments, a vibrating screen is provided at the intersection of the second feeding component 4 and the first feeding component 3. When a vibrating screen is provided at the intersection of the first feeding component 3 and the second feeding component 4, not only can the materials in the feeding device that do not meet the preset size specifications be filtered, but also the vibration screening process can increase the uniformity of feeding, and will not cause the feeding to accumulate and cause the materials in the first feeding component 3 to enter the first feeding component 3 too much at one time, causing uneven mixing.

[0039] In some embodiments, the first feeding component 3 and the second feeding component 4 are a feeding pipe and a spiral rotor disposed in the feeding pipe, or a conveyor belt, and the motor drives the conveyor belt to convey the material. In this embodiment, the spiral rotor can improve the mixing effect and make the feeding more uniform; in addition, when the conveyor belt conveys the material, the conveying speed and the conveying amount are constant, and when the two materials are mixed on the conveyor belt, the uniformity of the mixing can be guaranteed. The specific selection can be based on the convenience and adaptability of actual use.

[0040] In other embodiments, the molten aluminum formed by smelting needs to be degassed. The molten aluminum will absorb hydrogen during the smelting process. If the hydrogen in the molten aluminum is not discharged, bubbles will be contained in the formed aluminum block or aluminum ingot, affecting the quality of the aluminum block. Nitrogen can be introduced into the molten aluminum to use bubbles to carry the hydrogen out of the molten aluminum, or other gases that can be inert in a high temperature environment can be used.

[0041] In a second aspect, the utility model also provides a feeding device, which includes any of the aforementioned material feeding systems for electrolytic aluminum, and also includes a controller, which controls the electronic equipment in the material feeding system for electrolytic aluminum.

[0042] The feeding device provided by the utility model applies the aforementioned material feeding system, and utilizes a controller to automatically control the first feeding component 3 and the second feeding component 4 to automatically transport materials, and controls the first mixing bin 5 to mix materials; controls the vibrating screen to filter the mixed materials once; in addition, the controller interacts with the control system of the electrolytic cell 6 to control the electrolysis process of the electrolytic cell 6, thereby realizing the automated action of the entire feeding device.

[0043] Finally, the utility model provides a material feeding system and device for electrolytic aluminum, which includes a main material bin 1, an auxiliary material bin 2, a first feeding component 3, a second feeding component 4 and a first mixing bin 5. The first feeding component 3 is connected to the main material bin 1, the second feeding component 4 is connected to the auxiliary material bin 2, and the first feeding component 3 and the second feeding component 4 are crossed to form a mixing section 100. The primary mixing transmitted by the mixing section 100 is connected to the first mixing bin 5. The first mixing bin 5 is used to mix the primary material evenly again and then put it into the electrolytic cell 6; the electrolytic cell 6 contains an electrolyte with alumina as the base material, and the bottom of the electrolytic cell 6 is also provided with a plurality of aluminum liquid discharge pipes; the auxiliary material bin 2 is used to carry aluminum fluoride and / or, a solvent. The utility model improves the uniformity of electrolytic aluminum feeding and increases the amount of electrolyte.

[0044] It should be noted that the above embodiments all belong to the same utility model concept, and the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For the parts not described in detail in individual embodiments, reference can be made to the description in other embodiments. Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same and similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0045] The above-mentioned embodiments only express the implementation methods of the utility model, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, and these all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model patent shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A material feeding system for electrolytic aluminum, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main material bin (1), an auxiliary material bin (2), a first material feeding component (3), a second material feeding component (4) and a first material mixing bin (5), wherein the first material feeding component (3) is connected to the main material bin (1), the second material feeding component (4) is connected to the auxiliary material bin (2), the conveying pipelines of the first material feeding component (3) and the second material feeding component (4) intersect to form a material mixing section (100), the primary mixed material transmitted by the material mixing section (100) is connected to the first material mixing bin (5), and the first material mixing bin (5) is connected to the electrolytic cell (6) after the primary mixed material is uniformly mixed again; The electrolytic cell (6) contains an electrolyte with aluminum oxide as the base material, and a plurality of aluminum liquid discharge pipes are also provided at the bottom of the electrolytic cell (6); the auxiliary material bin (2) carries aluminum fluoride and / or a solvent.

2. The material feeding system for electrolytic aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second mixing bin, which is arranged between the first mixing bin (5) and the electrolytic cell (6), and a first chute is arranged between the first mixing bin (5) and the second mixing bin.

3. The material feeding system for electrolytic aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first mixing bin (5) is a U-shaped bin, and a feeding shaft is provided in the U-shaped bin.

4. The material feeding system for electrolytic aluminum according to claim 3, characterized in that: A vibrating screen is provided at the intersection of the second material feeding component (4) and the first material feeding component (3).

5. The material feeding system for electrolytic aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first material conveying component (3) and the second material conveying component (4) are a material conveying pipe and a spiral rotor arranged in the material conveying pipe, or a conveyor belt, and a motor drives the conveyor belt to convey materials.

6. The material feeding system for electrolytic aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the electrolytic cell (6) is trapezoidal or V-shaped.

7. The material feeding system for electrolytic aluminum according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electrolytic cell (6) is provided with a cathode and an anode, and both the anode and the cathode are carbon rods; the feed pipe of the first feed assembly (3) is set to a negative pressure.

8. The material feeding system for electrolytic aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic cell (6) is sealed at the top and comprises a fume collecting device, wherein the fume collecting device is configured to absorb gas products after electrolysis in the electrolytic cell (6).

9. A device, characterized in that: The device comprises the material feeding system for electrolytic aluminum as described in any one of claims 1-8, and also comprises a controller, wherein the controller controls the electronic equipment in the material feeding system for electrolytic aluminum.

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