Double-sleeve anchor rod for reinforcing and draining tunnel fault fracture zone

Abstract

The utility model discloses a double-sleeve anchor rod for reinforcement and drainage of a tunnel fault fracture zone. The double-sleeve anchor rod comprises an anchor rod head; the upper end of the anchor rod pipe is connected with the anchor rod head, the anchor rod pipe is provided with a drainage cavity and a grouting cavity from inside to outside, the grouting cavity is located on the lower middle portion of the drainage cavity, and the bottom of the drainage cavity and the bottom of the grouting cavity are open; a plurality of drainage holes are formed in the side wall of the upper end of the drainage cavity, and a plurality of grouting holes are formed in the outer side wall of the grouting cavity; the grouting sleeve is detachably connected with the lower end of the anchor rod pipe and used for communicating with the bottom opening of the grouting cavity and blocking the bottom opening of the drainage cavity; the drainage sleeve is detachably connected with the lower end of the anchor rod pipe and used for communicating with the bottom opening of the drainage cavity and blocking the bottom opening of the grouting cavity. According to the double-sleeve anchor rod, drainage and grouting are integrated, follow-up grouting and drainage work can be completed only through one anchor rod, construction is simple, cost can be reduced, and time and labor are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of surrounding rock support, in particular to a double-casing anchor rod used for reinforcement and drainage of a fault fracture zone of a tunnel. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the total operating mileage of my country's railways has increased year by year, greatly promoting my country's internal economic cycle. In the western region of my country, due to the unique geographical conditions, the process of railway construction often inevitably involves crossing mountains and building mountain railway tunnels. When tunnel construction encounters a fault fracture zone, how to effectively control the deformation of the surrounding rock, ensure the stability of the surrounding rock, and avoid adverse phenomena such as water gushing during the construction of the tunnel to ensure the safety of the tunnel construction workers. The commonly used construction method is to use anchor grouting to ensure the stability of the surrounding rock, but drainage operations are also required during the construction process. Therefore, it is necessary to set up additional structures such as drain pipes for drainage, that is, grouting and drainage are independent of each other, with more consumables and higher costs; and the grouting anchor and drain pipe are constructed separately, which is complicated to operate, time-consuming and labor-intensive. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a double-casing anchor rod for tunnel fault fracture zone reinforcement and drainage, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the existing grouting anchor rod and drainage pipe being separately set up and constructed, with more consumables, higher cost, complicated operation and time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a double-casing anchor for reinforcement and drainage of a fault fracture zone in a tunnel, comprising: an anchor head, which is conical; an anchor tube, whose upper end is connected to the anchor head, and the anchor tube is provided with a drainage cavity and a grouting cavity from the inside to the outside, the grouting cavity is located in the middle and lower part of the drainage cavity, and the bottom of the drainage cavity and the bottom of the grouting cavity are both opened; the side wall of the upper end of the drainage cavity is provided with a plurality of drainage holes that are evenly distributed and connected to the drainage cavity, and the outer side wall of the grouting cavity is provided with a plurality of grouting holes that are evenly distributed and connected to the grouting cavity; a grouting sleeve, which is connected to the lower end of the anchor tube in a detachable manner, used to connect the bottom opening of the grouting cavity and block the bottom opening of the drainage cavity; and a drainage sleeve, which is connected to the lower end of the anchor tube in a detachable manner, used to connect the bottom opening of the drainage cavity and block the bottom opening of the grouting cavity.

[0005] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the distance between the drainage holes and the grouting holes that are adjacent to each other vertically is not less than twice the distance between two adjacent grouting holes.

[0006] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the grouting sleeve and the anchor pipe are connected by threads, and the drainage sleeve and the anchor pipe are also connected by threads.

[0007] Preferably, in the above technical solution, a sealing sleeve for sealing the bottom opening of the drainage cavity is provided at the center of the grouting sleeve, and the sealing sleeve is connected to the grouting sleeve by connecting ribs; wherein, the outer circumferential surface of the sealing sleeve and the inner circumferential surface of the grouting sleeve form a grouting port corresponding to the bottom opening of the grouting cavity.

[0008] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the lower end of the drainage sleeve is closed, and a drainage port corresponding to the bottom opening of the drainage cavity is opened at the lower end of the drainage sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, in the above technical solution, a filter screen is provided on the drain outlet.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] 1. The upper section of the double-casing anchor rod of the utility model is used for drainage, and the middle and lower sections are used for grouting. It integrates drainage and grouting in one, and one anchor has multiple uses, which can reduce costs. During construction, only one anchor rod needs to be driven in to complete the subsequent grouting and drainage work. The structure in which grouting and drainage are integrated does not require additional drain pipes, and the construction is simple, saving time and effort.

[0012] 2. When using the double-casing anchor rod of the utility model, the distance between the upper and lower adjacent drainage holes and the grouting holes is not less than twice the distance between the upper and lower adjacent grouting holes, so as to extend the spacing between the drainage holes and the grouting holes, avoid the slurry discharged from the grouting holes from flowing into the drainage cavity from the drainage holes, and ensure the drainage effect.

[0013] 3. The structure of the drainage sleeve and the grouting sleeve can connect the bottom opening of the drainage cavity and block the bottom opening of the grouting cavity during drainage, and connect the bottom opening of the grouting cavity and block the bottom opening of the drainage cavity during grouting. It is only necessary to install the corresponding sleeve when performing the corresponding operation. The structure is simple and the operation is convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the structure of a double-casing anchor rod used for tunnel fault fracture zone reinforcement and drainage.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a double-casing anchor rod used for tunnel fault fracture zone reinforcement and drainage according to the utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a drainage sleeve according to the utility model.

[0017] Figure 4It is a structural schematic diagram of a grouting sleeve according to the utility model.

[0018] Description of main reference numerals:

[0019] 1-anchor pipe, 2-grouting hole, 3-grouting cavity, 4-drainage cavity, 5-drainage hole, 6-anchor head, 7-drainage sleeve, 8-drainage outlet, 9-filter screen, 10-grouting sleeve, 11-sealing sleeve, 12-connecting rib. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation modes.

[0021] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term “comprise” or variations such as “include” or “comprising”, etc., will be understood to include the stated elements or components but not to exclude other elements or components.

[0022] Figures 1 to 4 The schematic diagram of the structure of a double-casing anchor used for tunnel fault zone reinforcement and drainage according to a preferred embodiment of the utility model is shown. The double-casing anchor includes an anchor head 6, an anchor tube 1, a grouting sleeve 10 and a drainage sleeve 7. Figures 1 to 4The anchor head 6 is in a cone shape with a larger top and a smaller bottom, so as to facilitate the insertion of the double-cased anchor into the surrounding rock. The upper end of the anchor tube 1 is fixedly connected to the anchor head 6, and the anchor tube 1 is provided with a drainage chamber 4 and a grouting chamber 3 from the inside to the outside. The drainage chamber 4 is used for drainage, and the grouting chamber 3 is used for grouting. The grouting chamber 3 is located in the middle and lower part of the drainage chamber 4 and is wrapped on the outside of the drainage chamber 4. The drainage chamber 4 and the grouting chamber 3 are not connected to each other to avoid mutual influence between grouting and drainage. The bottom of the drainage chamber 4 and the bottom of the grouting chamber 3 are both opened to facilitate subsequent drainage and grouting operations. The side wall at the upper end of the drainage chamber 4 is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed drainage holes 5 connected to the drainage chamber 4 for drainage. The moisture in the surrounding rock enters the drainage chamber 4 through the drainage holes 5, and is finally discharged through the bottom opening of the drainage chamber 4. The outer wall of the grouting cavity 3 is provided with a plurality of grouting holes 2 evenly distributed and connected to the grouting cavity 3 for grouting. The grouting liquid in the grouting cavity 3 is discharged into the surrounding rock through the grouting holes 2 to improve the stability of the surrounding rock. The grouting sleeve 10 is connected to the lower end of the anchor pipe 1 in a detachable manner, and is used to connect the bottom opening of the grouting cavity 3 and block the bottom opening of the drainage cavity 4. When grouting, it is only necessary to install the grouting sleeve 10 and connect it to the grouting pipe to send the grouting liquid into the grouting cavity 3 for grouting. The drainage sleeve 7 is connected to the lower end of the anchor pipe 1 in a detachable manner, and is used to connect the bottom opening of the drainage cavity 4 and block the bottom opening of the grouting cavity 3. It can close the bottom opening of the grouting cavity 3 to prevent the grouting liquid from flowing out. When draining, it is only necessary to install the drainage sleeve 7 to drain the water in the surrounding rock, and then connect the drainage sleeve 7 to the tunnel drainage system. When performing the corresponding operation, it is sufficient to install the corresponding sleeve, which has a simple structure and is easy to operate. The upper section of the double-casing anchor rod of the utility model is used for drainage, and the middle and lower sections are used for grouting. It integrates drainage and grouting in one, and one anchor has multiple uses, which can reduce costs. During construction, only one anchor rod needs to be driven in to complete the subsequent grouting and drainage work. The structure in which grouting and drainage are integrated does not require additional settings, is simple to construct, and saves time and effort.

[0023] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Preferably, the distance between the upper and lower adjacent drainage holes 5 and the grouting holes 2 is not less than twice the distance between the upper and lower adjacent grouting holes 2, so as to extend the spacing between the drainage holes 5 and the grouting holes 2, and prevent the slurry discharged from the grouting holes 2 from flowing into the drainage cavity 4 from the drainage holes 5, thereby ensuring the drainage effect.

[0024] refer to Figures 1 to 4, the grouting sleeve 10 and the anchor pipe 1, as well as the drainage sleeve 7 and the anchor pipe 1, can be connected by mutual sleeve connection, or by threaded connection or other connection methods. Preferably, the grouting sleeve 10 and the anchor pipe 1 are connected by threads, and the drainage sleeve 7 and the anchor pipe 1 are also connected by threads to improve the connection quality. For example, an external thread is provided at the bottom of the anchor pipe 1, and the top of the grouting sleeve 10 and the top of the drainage sleeve 7 are provided with internal threads that cooperate with the external threads; or, an internal thread is provided at the bottom of the anchor pipe 1, and the top of the grouting sleeve 10 and the top of the drainage sleeve 7 are provided with external threads that cooperate with the internal threads.

[0025] refer to Figure 4 Preferably, a plugging sleeve 11 for plugging the bottom opening of the drainage cavity 4 is provided at the center of the grouting sleeve 10, which is used to plug the bottom opening of the drainage cavity 4 to prevent the grouting slurry from flowing into the drainage cavity 4. The plugging sleeve 11 is connected to the grouting sleeve 10 by connecting ribs 12. The number of connecting ribs 12 can be four, and the four connecting ribs 12 are evenly distributed along the outer circumference of the plugging sleeve 11 to improve the connection strength. Among them, the outer circumference of the plugging sleeve 11 and the inner circumference of the grouting sleeve 10 form a grouting port, and the grouting port is correspondingly connected to the bottom opening of the grouting cavity 3 to facilitate grouting.

[0026] refer to Figure 3 Preferably, the lower end of the drainage sleeve 7 is closed to close the bottom opening of the grouting cavity 3 to prevent the slurry from flowing out; and the lower end of the drainage sleeve 7 is provided with a drainage port 8 corresponding to the bottom opening of the drainage cavity 4 for drainage. The drainage port 8 is in the shape of a sleeve corresponding to the bottom opening of the drainage cavity 4. Further preferably, a filter screen 9 is provided on the drainage port 8 to filter the debris in the drainage cavity 4 to avoid clogging the drainage system of the tunnel.

[0027] refer to Figures 1 to 4 When in use, a drilling machine is used to drill anchor holes in the surrounding rock and clean the holes, and then a bolting machine is used to drive the double-cased anchor rod into the surrounding rock and install the anchor rod; then a grouting sleeve 10 is installed at the lower end of the double-cased anchor rod, and grouting operations are performed after the grouting sleeve 10 is installed; after the grouting is completed, the grouting sleeve 10 is removed and a drainage sleeve 7 is installed to block the bottom opening of the grouting cavity 3 to prevent the slurry from flowing out, and drainage operations can be performed. Subsequently, the drainage sleeve 7 can be connected to the tunnel drainage system. Only one anchor rod needs to be driven in to complete the subsequent grouting and drainage work. The structure of grouting and drainage integrated can reduce costs, simplify operation, and save time and effort.

[0028] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the utility model is for the purpose of illustration and illustration. These descriptions are not intended to limit the utility model to the precise form disclosed, and it is clear that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the utility model and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the utility model and various different options and changes. The scope of the utility model is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A double-casing anchor for tunnel fault zone reinforcement and drainage, characterized in that: include: The anchor head, which is conical in shape; An anchor tube, the upper end of which is connected to the anchor head, the anchor tube is provided with a drainage cavity and a grouting cavity in sequence from the inside to the outside, the grouting cavity is located in the middle and lower part of the drainage cavity, and the bottom of the drainage cavity and the bottom of the grouting cavity are both opened; the side wall of the upper end of the drainage cavity is provided with a plurality of drainage holes evenly distributed and connected to the drainage cavity, and the outer side wall of the grouting cavity is provided with a plurality of grouting holes evenly distributed and connected to the grouting cavity; A grouting sleeve, which is detachably connected to the lower end of the anchor pipe and is used to communicate with the bottom opening of the grouting cavity and block the bottom opening of the drainage cavity; as well as A drainage sleeve is detachably connected to the lower end of the anchor pipe and is used to communicate with the bottom opening of the drainage cavity and block the bottom opening of the grouting cavity.

2. The double-casing anchor for tunnel fault zone reinforcement and drainage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The distance between the drainage holes and the grouting holes adjacent to each other is not less than twice the distance between two adjacent grouting holes.

3. The double-casing anchor for tunnel fault zone reinforcement and drainage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The grouting sleeve is connected to the anchor pipe via a threaded connection, and the drainage sleeve is also connected to the anchor pipe via a threaded connection.

4. The double-casing anchor for tunnel fault zone reinforcement and drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing sleeve for sealing the bottom opening of the drainage cavity is provided at the center of the grouting sleeve, and the sealing sleeve is connected to the grouting sleeve by connecting ribs; wherein, a grouting port corresponding to the bottom opening of the grouting cavity is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the sealing sleeve and the inner circumferential surface of the grouting sleeve.

5. The double-casing anchor for tunnel fault zone reinforcement and drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the drainage sleeve is closed, and a drainage port corresponding to the bottom opening of the drainage cavity is opened at the lower end of the drainage sleeve.

6. The double-casing anchor for tunnel fault zone reinforcement and drainage according to claim 5, characterized in that: A filter net is arranged on the drain outlet.

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