Metal detection and protection device for harvester

Abstract

The utility model discloses a metal detection and protection device for a harvester, which comprises an induction coil device, a signal shaping circuit, a signal filter circuit and a signal amplification circuit, the signal amplification circuit is connected with an MCU control chip, and the driving end of the MCU control chip is sequentially connected with an execution protection circuit and a clutch motor driving circuit. A power supply circuit and a storage circuit are also included; the induction coil device inducts a metal object and forms an electric signal, the electric signal is processed and amplified by the signal shaping circuit, the signal filtering circuit and the signal amplification circuit, and then an alarm signal, a message signal, a clutch motor driving signal and other signals are generated by means of the MCU control chip, so that manual cleaning is automatically or reminded, the metal object is prevented from entering the stock bin, and the working efficiency is improved. And the amplification coefficient of the detection signal can be adjusted under the cooperation of the signal amplification circuit and the MCU control chip, so that the detection sensitivity of the detection signal can be adjusted, the machine can be protected, and the quality of the silage and the eating safety of the livestock can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of operation protection for crop harvesters, in particular to a metal detection and protection device for harvesters. Background Art

[0002] Crop harvesters include corn harvesters, wheat harvesters, soybean harvesters, rice harvesters, pepper harvesters, silage harvesters, etc. For example, silage harvesters may encounter metal waste such as scrap iron wire and iron blocks during operation. If the iron wire is thinner in diameter, it will be broken or chopped together with the harvested green crops, so that the silage feed formed contains iron wire segments, resulting in unqualified feed and difficult to screen. If it is not discovered in time and fed directly to livestock, there will be certain safety hazards to the healthy growth of livestock; if larger iron blocks or thicker diameter steel bars are fed into the harvester, it is easy to damage the machine's transportation, crushing and other components, which will affect the crushing efficiency and quality of the silage feed, etc., and in severe cases it can cause the equipment to be unable to operate continuously, thereby causing unnecessary losses and workload to the silage operation. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a metal detection and protection device for a harvester which can timely detect metal objects encountered during operation and timely generate control, alarm and other signals.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is: a metal detection and protection device for a harvester, comprising an induction coil device for detecting metal objects and forming an electrical signal according to the detected metal objects, the induction coil device is sequentially connected to a signal shaping circuit, a signal filtering circuit, and a signal amplification circuit for processing the electrical signal formed by the induction coil device, the signal output end of the signal amplification circuit is connected to an MCU control chip, the driving end of the MCU control chip is connected to an execution protection circuit for controlling the rotation direction of a clutch motor on the harvester, the output end of the execution protection circuit is connected to the clutch motor driving circuit, and also includes a power supply circuit and a storage circuit, the input end of the power supply circuit is electrically connected to the power-on switch of the harvester, and the output end of the power supply circuit is electrically connected to the signal amplification circuit, the MCU control chip and the storage circuit respectively.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution, the MCU control chip is also connected to the on-board computer on the harvester through the vehicle communication unit, forming human-computer interaction and status feedback on the on-board computer.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution, the vehicle communication unit includes a CAN bus circuit connected to the MCU control chip, and the CAN bus circuit is connected to the on-board computer via the CAN bus.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, the signal amplification circuit includes an amplifier, the positive input terminal of the amplifier is electrically connected to the signal filtering circuit, the negative input terminal of the amplifier is electrically connected to a digital potentiometer, and the output terminals of the digital potentiometer and the amplifier are respectively connected to the MCU control chip.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the execution protection circuit includes an execution protection chip, and the execution protection chip drives the clutch motor drive circuit to perform conversion according to the control signal output by the MCU control chip.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the clutch motor drive circuit is configured as an H-bridge circuit.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the power supply circuit outputs a +3.3V DC voltage, a +5V DC voltage and a +6V DC voltage.

[0011] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the driving end of the MCU control chip is also connected to a metal detection alarm circuit.

[0012] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the metal detection and protection device for the harvester includes an induction coil device for detecting metal objects and forming an electrical signal according to the detected metal objects, the induction coil device is sequentially connected to a signal shaping circuit, a signal filtering circuit, and a signal amplification circuit for processing the electrical signal formed by the induction coil device, the signal output end of the signal amplification circuit is connected to an MCU control chip, the driving end of the MCU control chip is connected to an execution protection circuit for controlling the rotation direction of the clutch motor on the harvester, the output end of the execution protection circuit is connected to the clutch motor driving circuit, and also includes a power supply circuit and a storage circuit, the input end of the power supply circuit is electrically connected to the power-on switch of the harvester, The output end of the power supply circuit is electrically connected to the signal amplifying circuit, the MCU control chip and the storage circuit respectively; the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the induction coil device senses the metal object and forms an electrical signal, the electrical signal is processed and amplified by the signal shaping circuit, the signal filtering circuit and the signal amplifying circuit, and the MCU control chip generates alarm, message, clutch motor drive and other signals to automatically or remind manual cleaning to prevent metal objects from entering the silo, and the amplification factor of the detection signal can be adjusted with the cooperation of the signal amplifying circuit and the MCU control chip to adjust the sensitivity of its detection, which is helpful to protect the machine and ensure the quality of silage and the safety of livestock consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a circuit schematic diagram of a signal shaping circuit, a signal filtering circuit, and a signal amplifying circuit in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a pin diagram of the MCU control chip of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a circuit schematic diagram of the protection circuit implemented in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 It is a circuit schematic diagram of the power supply circuit of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 6 It is a circuit schematic diagram of a storage circuit of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 7 It is a circuit schematic diagram of a vehicle communication unit according to an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. In the following detailed description, only certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described by way of illustration. Needless to say, those skilled in the art will recognize that the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claims.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the metal detection and protection device for harvesters is used to detect metal objects encountered when the harvester (such as a silage machine) is operating, and to generate an alarm signal. It can even discharge part of the fed materials containing metal objects by controlling the clutch motor on the harvester to prevent metal objects from entering the granary. Specifically, it includes an induction coil device for detecting metal objects and generating electrical signals based on the detected metal objects. The induction coil device can be set in multiples according to the size of the harvester entrance, the detection range and detection accuracy, customer requirements, etc. The induction coil device includes an induction coil and a corresponding magnet structure, which is well known to ordinary technicians in this technical field and will not be described in detail here. When a metal object approaches the induction coil device, the induction coil device will generate an electrical signal.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the induction coil device is sequentially connected to a signal shaping circuit, a signal filtering circuit, and a signal amplifying circuit for processing the electrical signal generated by the induction coil device. Figure 2 In the figure, the large dotted box is the signal shaping circuit and the signal filtering circuit, the small dotted box is the signal amplifying circuit, and the induction coil device is electrically connected to the signal shaping circuit through the pin connector G1. Since the electrical signal generated by the induction coil device is sometimes very weak and mixed with some clutter, it is necessary to set the signal shaping circuit and the signal filtering circuit to shape and filter the weak electric clutter signal to ensure that the clutter in the weak electric signal can be filtered out and the integrity of the normal waveform of the weak electric signal can be effectively guaranteed. The signal amplifying circuit is used to amplify the above-mentioned signal with clutter filtered out. The signal amplifying circuit includes an amplifier, the positive input end of the amplifier is electrically connected to the signal filtering circuit, and the negative input end of the amplifier is electrically connected to a digital potentiometer (AD5160BRJZ5-R2).

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the signal output end of the signal amplification circuit is connected to the MCU control chip, and the output ends of the digital potentiometer and the amplifier are respectively connected to the MCU control chip. In this embodiment, the MCU control chip is set as an STM32F103C8T6 chip, and is provided with six induction coil devices, and each of the induction coil devices is respectively connected to the respective signal shaping circuit, the signal filtering circuit, and the signal amplification circuit through a correspondingly set pin connector. Specifically, the output ends of the six amplifiers are arranged to be connected to the pins corresponding to PA0~PA5 of the MCU control chip, the CS# pin of each digital potentiometer is arranged to be connected to the pins corresponding to PB0~PB2 and PB10~PB12 of the MCU control chip, the SDI pin of each digital potentiometer is respectively connected to the PB15 (SPI-MOSI) pin of the MCU control chip, and the CLK pin of each digital potentiometer is respectively connected to the PB13 (SPI-CLK) pin of the MCU control chip, which is used to adjust the amplification factor to ensure the sensitivity of metal detection in this embodiment. The driving end of the MCU control chip is also connected to a metal detection alarm circuit, which is generally configured as a warning light and / or a buzzer, and is specifically connected to the pins corresponding to PB6 and PB7 of the MCU control chip to implement an alarm when a metal object is detected to alert staff.

[0025] The MCU control chip is also connected to a power supply circuit and a storage circuit. The specific structure of the power supply circuit is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the specific structure of the storage circuit is as follows Figure 6 As shown. The input end of the power supply circuit is electrically connected to the power-on switch of the harvester so that it can obtain electrical energy from the on-board power supply. The output end of the power supply circuit is electrically connected to the signal amplification circuit and the storage circuit respectively. The power supply circuit outputs +3.3V DC voltage, +5V DC voltage and +6V DC voltage, which are used to provide working voltage for the chips on each circuit. The storage circuit is provided with a storage chip and a peripheral connection circuit for storing the amplification factor set by the user. The MCU control chip controls the signal amplification circuit to perform corresponding amplification processing on the electrical signal by reading the amplification factor set in the storage circuit to ensure the sensitivity of the detection and make the sensitivity adjustable and controllable. In this embodiment, the amplification factor of the electrical signal is adjustable within at least 50-400 times. In addition, the storage circuit can also store the content set by the user, the current working status of the machine, and historical faults for query.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the driving end of the MCU control chip is connected to an execution protection circuit for controlling the rotation direction of the clutch motor on the harvester, and the output end of the execution protection circuit is connected to the clutch motor driving circuit, wherein the specific structure of the execution protection circuit is as shown in Figure 4 As shown, the clutch motor drive circuit is configured as an H-bridge circuit, which is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here. Figure 4 As shown, the execution protection circuit includes an execution protection chip, and the execution protection chip drives the clutch motor drive circuit to switch according to the control signal output by the MCU control chip. When the induction coil device detects that a metal object generates an electrical signal, the MCU control chip cooperates with the execution protection circuit to drive the clutch motor drive circuit to switch, thereby realizing the control of the clutch motor of the harvester feeding mechanism, such as controlling it to stop working, waiting for manual removal of part of the forage containing the metal object, or controlling it to reverse and push out part of the forage containing the metal object in the reverse direction, so as to remove the metal object.

[0027] like Figure 7As shown, the MCU control chip is also connected to the on-board computer on the harvester through the vehicle communication unit, and human-computer interaction, status feedback, ISP program download, etc. can be formed on the on-board computer. The signal amplification factor can be set through the on-board computer, and the processing method of the harvester feeding mechanism when a metal object is detected can be set. Specifically, the vehicle communication unit includes a CAN bus circuit connected to the MCU control chip, and the CAN bus circuit is connected to the on-board computer through the CAN bus. The CAN communication is an extended frame, and there is no 120Ω matching resistor inside. The period is 100ms. As long as the message of the control frame is sent, a corresponding reply status frame will be sent. The status frame is also a data frame. This embodiment not only helps to protect the machine but also can ensure the quality of silage and the safety of livestock consumption.

[0028] The description of the present invention is given for the purpose of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present invention to the disclosed form. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

Claims

1. A metal detection and protection device for a harvester, characterized in that: It includes an induction coil device for detecting metal objects and forming an electrical signal according to the detected metal objects, the induction coil device is connected in sequence with a signal shaping circuit, a signal filtering circuit, and a signal amplifying circuit for processing the electrical signal formed by the induction coil device, the signal output end of the signal amplifying circuit is connected to an MCU control chip, the driving end of the MCU control chip is connected to an execution protection circuit for controlling the rotation direction of a clutch motor on a harvester, the output end of the execution protection circuit is connected to the clutch motor driving circuit, and also includes a power supply circuit and a storage circuit, the input end of the power supply circuit is electrically connected to a power-on switch of the harvester, and the output end of the power supply circuit is electrically connected to the signal amplifying circuit, the MCU control chip and the storage circuit respectively.

2. The metal detection and protection device for a harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU control chip is also connected to the on-board computer on the harvester through the vehicle communication unit, forming human-computer interaction and status feedback on the on-board computer.

3. The metal detection and protection device for a harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vehicle communication unit includes a CAN bus circuit connected to the MCU control chip, and the CAN bus circuit is connected to the on-board computer via the CAN bus.

4. The metal detection and protection device for a harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal amplification circuit comprises an amplifier, a positive input terminal of the amplifier is electrically connected to the signal filter circuit, a negative input terminal of the amplifier is electrically connected to a digital potentiometer, and output terminals of the digital potentiometer and the amplifier are respectively connected to the MCU control chip.

5. The metal detection and protection device for a harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The execution protection circuit includes an execution protection chip, and the execution protection chip drives the clutch motor drive circuit to perform conversion according to the control signal output by the MCU control chip.

6. The metal detection and protection device for a harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clutch motor driving circuit is configured as an H-bridge circuit.

7. The metal detection and protection device for a harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply circuit outputs a +3.3V DC voltage, a +5V DC voltage and a +6V DC voltage.

8. The metal detection and protection device for a harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving end of the MCU control chip is also connected to a metal detection alarm circuit.

Images