Michelson interferometer with counting function

Abstract

The utility model discloses a Michelson interferometer with a counting function, which belongs to the field of optical experimental instruments and comprises an interferometer body, a base frame vertically arranged through an adjusting seat, and an observation screen arranged in the base frame. The photosensitive induction system comprises a shell and a photosensitive module, the shell is fixedly connected with the base frame through a locking structure, an induction hole is formed in the shell, a light through hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the induction hole, of the observation screen, and the photosensitive module is arranged in the induction hole; the photosensitive module is used for observing the change of the circular ring image reflected by the interferometer body and counting the change times; the interferometer has the advantages that the shell provided with the photosensitive module is fixedly connected with the adjusting seat on the interferometer body through the locking bolt and the locking hole, the shell is very stable and not prone to falling off, and the result is more accurate when the photosensitive sensor is used for counting circular ring changes of light emitted by the interferometer body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of optical experimental instruments, in particular to a Michelson interferometer with a counting function. Background Art

[0002] The Michelson interferometer is a dual-beam interference measurement instrument with divided amplitude. It was designed and manufactured by American scientist Michelson in 1881. It is a precision interference measurement instrument that can be used to measure the wavelength of light waves, refractive index, thickness of objects and tiny length changes, etc. Its accuracy is comparable to the wavelength of light.

[0003] The Michelson interferometer has a simple structure, an intuitive optical path, and high precision. Its adjustment and use are typical. The precision interference measurement instruments developed based on the basic principles of the Michelson interferometer have been widely used in production and scientific research. Therefore, it is necessary to understand its basic structure and master its use. The Michelson interferometer experiment is also a focus of university physics experimental teaching.

[0004] During the experiment, you need to rotate the micro-handle to observe the "emergence" and "swallowing" of the interference ring. Select a clear area of ​​interference ring, then adjust the instrument zero point to the center of the observation screen, and gently rotate the micro-handle. Every time 50 interference rings "emerge" or "swallow", record the position of the reflector (the sum of the readings of the scale, reading window and micro-handle) until the 450th interference ring, and then use the difference method to process the data and calculate the wavelength λ and relative error δ.

[0005] However, during the experiment, the interference fringes are often not recorded correctly due to various reasons. For example, due to inadvertent distraction when counting the number of circles, the number of circles is forgotten, causing the experiment to be wasted. Or during the experiment, the slight vibration of the table caused by environmental factors will cause the concentric circle stripes of alternating light and dark stripes to oscillate violently, resulting in inaccurate readings. In addition, staring at the display screen for a long time will cause eye fatigue. Therefore, in order to address the above problems in observing interference fringes, an automatic recording device for recording interference fringe changes can use the changes in light and dark fringes to accurately record the changes in interference fringes during the experiment.

[0006] Then, a patent document with publication number CN 113624128 A disclosed an automatic fringe counting device for a Michelson interferometer, including a body, an aperture is provided on the right surface of the body, the aperture can be installed on the observation screen of the Michelson interferometer, a sensing hole is penetrated in the left wall of the aperture, a phototransistor for detecting the light and dark changes of the fringes on the observation screen is arranged inside the sensing hole, the phototransistor is connected to an STM32 microcontroller for signal processing, and the STM32 microcontroller is provided with an LCD display for displaying the number of level changes.

[0007] However, the above solution also has several problems. The body and the observation screen are only connected by a fit, which is not tight enough. If it is designed to be bonded, the observation screen will be improved so that the body and the observation screen are not removable, which will affect the subsequent use of the Michelson interferometer.

[0008] To this end, we propose a Michelson interferometer with counting function. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a Michelson interferometer with a counting function.

[0010] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0011] A Michelson interferometer with a counting function comprises: an interferometer body, a base frame is vertically arranged through an adjustment seat, and an observation screen is arranged in the base frame; a photosensitive sensing system comprises a shell and a photosensitive module, the shell is fixedly connected to the base frame through a locking structure, a sensing hole is opened in the shell, a light-through hole is opened at a position corresponding to the sensing hole on the observation screen, and the photosensitive module is arranged in the sensing hole, and the photosensitive module is used to observe the change of the circular image reflected by the interferometer body and count the number of changes.

[0012] The shell of the photosensor system is fixedly connected to the base frame through a locking structure, which makes it very stable and will not fall off. The detachable structure will not affect the subsequent use of the interferometer body. The changes in the circular image on the observation screen are observed and counted through the photosensitive module. A light hole is opened on the observation screen so that light can be directly irradiated to the photosensitive module from the light hole, which can reduce the influence of light from other directions, improve accuracy, avoid problems caused by manual counting, and improve the accuracy of experimental results.

[0013] It is further defined that the shell is cylindrical, the inner diameter of the base frame is also circular, the outer diameter of the shell matches the inner diameter of the base frame, the shell is inserted into the base frame and fixed by a locking structure, the sensing hole includes a fill light section, an installation section and a small diameter section, the inner diameters of the fill light section, the installation section and the small diameter section are all different, the fill light section and the installation section are both used to install the photosensitive module, and the small diameter section is used to pass through the connection line of the power supply of the photosensitive module; by inserting the shell into the base frame for fixing, the structure is simple, the fixing is convenient, it is not easy to fall, and it is convenient to install, the sensing hole is divided into multiple sections to install the photosensitive module, and the structure is more reasonable and compact.

[0014] It is further defined that the photosensor module includes a photosensor, a processor, a counter, a display and an indicator light. The display, counter, photosensor and indicator light are all electrically connected to the processor. The outer diameter of the photosensor matches the inner diameter of the small diameter section. The counter and the display are integrated. The display is embedded in the rear end surface of the shell, and the indicator light is embedded in the circumferential surface of the shell. The photosensor is used to sense the changes in the circular ring reflected by the interferometer body, and the signal is transmitted to the counter for counting. The processor transmits the counting signal to the display screen for display by personnel to observe. The experimental results are more intuitive and accurate.

[0015] It is further defined that the locking structure includes a locking bolt and a locking hole, and there are a plurality of locking bolts and locking holes. The locking holes are provided with internal threads matching the locking bolts. The plurality of locking holes are evenly spaced around the circumference of the base frame and are arranged on the circumferential surface of the base frame. The locking holes are through holes penetrating the circumferential surface of the base frame. The locking bolts pass through the locking holes and are pressed against the circumferential surface of the shell to fix the shell and prevent it from withdrawing from the base frame. The structure is simple and the fixation is convenient.

[0016] It is further defined that the processor is an Arduino-based microcontroller.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the shell on which the photosensitive module is installed is fixedly connected to the adjustment seat on the interferometer body by means of locking bolts and locking holes, which is very stable and not easy to fall off, and the counting result of the circular changes of the light emitted by the interferometer body by the photosensitive sensor is more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shell of the utility model from a front view perspective;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a partial right view of the housing and the observation screen;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a connection diagram of the electrical components of the utility model.

[0021] The symbols of the components are as follows:

[0022] Adjustment seat 1, connecting rod 11, base frame 2, observation screen 21, light hole 211, locking hole 22, photosensor system 3, shell 31, fill light section 311, installation section 312, small diameter section 313, photosensor 32, processor 33, counter 34, display 35, indicator light 36, power supply 37, locking bolt 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The specific implementation methods of the utility model are described below to facilitate technical personnel in this technical field to understand the utility model, but it should be clear that the utility model is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation methods. For ordinary technical personnel in this technical field, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the utility model defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all utility model creations using the concept of the utility model are protected.

[0024] Example:

[0025] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a Michelson interferometer with counting function includes an interferometer body, a base frame 2 and a light-sensitive sensing system 3; the base frame 2 is vertically arranged on the interferometer body through an adjustment seat 1, the base frame 2 is connected to the adjustment seat 1 through a connecting rod 11, and an observation screen 21 is arranged in the base frame 2; the light-sensitive sensing system 3 includes a shell 31 and a light-sensitive module, the shell 31 is fixedly connected to the base frame 2 through a locking structure, a sensing hole is opened in the shell 31, and a position corresponding to the sensing hole is opened on the observation screen 21 The light-through hole 211, the photosensitive module is arranged in the sensing hole, the shell 31 is cylindrical, the inner diameter of the base frame 2 is also circular, the outer diameter of the shell 31 matches the inner diameter of the base frame 2, the shell 31 is inserted into the base frame 2 and fixed by a locking structure, the locking structure includes a locking bolt 4 and a locking hole 22, the locking bolt 4 and the locking hole 22 are both provided with a plurality of locking holes, the locking hole 22 is provided with an internal thread matching the locking bolt 4, and the plurality of locking holes 22 are evenly spaced around the circumference of the base frame 2 on the circumference of the base frame 2 , the locking hole 22 is a through hole that penetrates the circumference of the base frame 2; the sensing hole includes a fill light section 311, a mounting section 312 and a small diameter section 313, the inner diameters of the fill light section 311, the mounting section 312 and the small diameter section 313 are all different, the fill light section 311 and the mounting section 312 are both used to install the photosensitive module, and the small diameter section 313 is used to pass through the connection line of the power supply 37 of the photosensitive module; the photosensitive module is used to observe the changes of the circular image reflected by the interferometer body and count the number of changes; the photosensitive module includes The photosensor 32, the processor 33, the counter 34, the display 35 and the indicator light 36 are all electrically connected to the processor 33. The outer diameter of the photosensor 32 matches the inner diameter of the small diameter section 313. The counter 34 and the display 35 are integrated. The display 35 is embedded in the rear end surface of the shell 31, and the indicator light 36 is embedded in the peripheral surface of the shell 31. The processor 33 is a microcontroller based on Arduino.

[0026] The housing 31 of the photosensitive sensing system 3 is fixedly connected to the base frame 2 through a locking structure, which is very stable and will not fall off. The detachable structure will not affect the subsequent use of the interferometer body. The circular image changes on the observation screen 21 are observed and counted through the photosensitive module. The light through hole 211 is opened on the observation screen 21 so that light can be directly irradiated from the light through hole 211 to the photosensitive module, which can reduce the influence of light from other directions, improve the accuracy, avoid the problems caused by manual counting, and improve the accuracy of the experimental results. The structure is simple, the fixation is convenient, it is not easy to fall, and it is easy to install. The sensing hole is divided into multiple sections to install the photosensitive module, and the structure is more reasonable and compact. The photosensitive sensor 32 senses the change of the circular ring reflected by the interferometer body, and transmits the signal to the counter 34 for counting. The processor 33 transmits the counting signal to the display screen for display for observation by personnel, and the experimental results are more intuitive and accurate. The locking bolt 4 passes through the locking hole 22 and is pressed against the circumferential surface of the shell 31 to fix the shell 31 to prevent it from withdrawing from the base frame 2. The structure is simple and the fixation is convenient.

Claims

1. A Michelson interferometer with counting function, characterized in that: include: The interferometer body is vertically provided with a base frame (2) through an adjustment seat (1), and an observation screen (21) is provided in the base frame (2); The light-sensitive sensing system (3) comprises a shell (31) and a light-sensitive module. The shell (31) is fixedly connected to the base frame (2) via a locking structure. A sensing hole is provided in the shell (31). A light-through hole (211) is provided on the observation screen (21) at a position corresponding to the sensing hole. The light-sensitive module is arranged in the sensing hole. The light-sensitive module is used to observe changes in the circular image reflected by the interferometer body and count the number of changes.

2. The Michelson interferometer with counting function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (31) is cylindrical, the inner diameter of the base frame (2) is also circular, the outer diameter of the shell (31) matches the inner diameter of the base frame (2), the shell (31) is inserted into the base frame (2) and fixed by the locking structure, the sensing hole comprises a fill light section (311), a mounting section (312) and a small diameter section (313), the inner diameters of the fill light section (311), the mounting section (312) and the small diameter section (313) are all different, the fill light section (311) and the mounting section (312) are both used to install the photosensitive module, and the small diameter section (313) is used to pass through the connection line of the power supply of the photosensitive module.

3. The Michelson interferometer with counting function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photosensitive module comprises a photosensitive sensor (32), a processor (33), a counter (34), a display (35) and an indicator light (36); the display (35), the counter (34), the photosensitive sensor (32) and the indicator light (36) are all electrically connected to the processor (33); the outer diameter of the photosensitive sensor (32) matches the inner diameter of the small-diameter section (313); the counter (34) and the display (35) are integrated; the display (35) is embedded in the rear end surface of the housing (31); and the indicator light (36) is embedded in the peripheral surface of the housing (31).

4. The Michelson interferometer with counting function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking structure comprises a locking bolt (4) and a locking hole (22), wherein the locking bolt (4) and the locking hole (22) are both provided with a plurality of them, wherein the locking hole (22) is provided with an internal thread matching the locking bolt (4), and the plurality of locking holes (22) are evenly spaced around the circumference of the base frame (2) and are arranged on the circumferential surface of the base frame (2), and the locking hole (22) is a through hole penetrating the circumferential surface of the base frame (2).

5. The Michelson interferometer with counting function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The processor (33) is a microcontroller based on Arduino.

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